Abstract: A coil component having a structure that can easily realize a desired positional relationship between a cover member and a bobbin portion is provided. The coil component includes a bobbin portion, a magnetic core inserted through the bobbin portion, and a coil wound around the bobbin portion, and a cover member covering the bobbin portion by being externally fitted to the bobbin portion. In the coil component, the cover member and the bobbin portion abut each other, and at least one of the cover member and the bobbin portion elastically biases the other in a first direction parallel to a mounting surface.

Abstract: Described herein are DC-DC converters with electronic module cooling units used for air-convection cooling of some components of power electronic modules and conductive cooling of other components, e.g., switching sub-modules. A cooling unit may have a heat exchanger and a cooling plate, thermally coupled to one or more heat exchangers and one or more switching sub-modules. For example, the cooling plate can be positioned between and thermally coupled to heat exchangers. One fan can direct air through one heat exchanger and to one power electronic module as a part of convection cooling. An additional fan can direct air through the second heat exchanger and to the second power electronic module. The cooling plate can be also positioned between and thermally coupled to switching sub-modules of these power electronic modules thereby enabling conductive cooling. The plate-cooling liquid is pumped through the cooling plate.

Abstract: Provided is a composite material molded article including soft magnetic powder and resin containing the soft magnetic powder in a dispersed state. The composite material molded article is provided with a roughened region having an arithmetic average roughness Ra of 3.0 ?m or more on at least a portion of its surfaces.

Abstract: An edge mount magnetic component includes a bobbin and two E-core halves. The bobbin is configured to receive the two E-core halves when body portions of the two E-core halves are positioned vertically. The bobbin includes a first outer flange, a second outer flange, and a passageway spanning therebetween. The bobbin further includes first, second, third, and fourth pin supports. The first and second pin supports are connected to an outer surface of the first end flange and are spaced apart by at least a width of the passageway. The third and fourth pin supports are connected to an outer surface of the second end flange and are spaced apart by at least the width of the passageway. The bobbin further includes slots for routing a winding to a pin and includes walls to ensure the winding is electrically separated from the E-core halves.

Abstract: A coil component, adopted to be mounted on an electronic device, includes: an element body part; a coil fixed to the element body part and constituted by a wound conductive wire; lead wires that are each extended from the conductive wire and led out from the coil, and whose tip parts are each disposed a bottom face, which is a mounting face, of the element body part; and terminal parts that are each constituted by the tip part and a metal member that is joined to the tip part on the bottom face, and also has an opening at a position overlapping the tip part in a direction intersecting the bottom face.

Abstract: A coil electronic component includes a magnetic body in which internal coil parts are embedded, and a metal shielding sheet disposed on at least one of an upper portion and a lower portion of the magnetic body in a thickness direction, in which permeability of the metal shielding sheet is 100 times or higher than permeability of magnetic metal powder contained in the magnetic body.

Abstract: Certain embodiments relate to an electronic device including a wireless communication circuit, an flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) electrically coupled with the wireless communication circuit, a first coil formed on the FPCB, a power management circuit, and a second coil electrically coupled with the power management circuit and including a spiral pattern formed thereon by a winding at least one wire, wherein the second coil includes a first end disposed on an outer edge of the spiral pattern, and a second end disposed on an inner edge of the spiral pattern, and wherein an electric path extending from the second end to the first end is disposed on the FPCB.

Abstract: An inductor assembly includes a housing including a base, a sidewall, and an insert. The base and the sidewall define a cavity and the insert being positioned within the cavity. A core assembly is positioned within the cavity. The core assembly includes a core and a plurality of windings wrapped about the core and disposed between the sidewall and the insert. A flow path is formed in the housing for receiving a coolant to remove heat from the core assembly.

Abstract: A rotating electric machine includes a stator core, a stator coil formed of electrical conductors and insulating coats respectively covering the electrical conductors, and an encapsulating resin body. The stator coil has a coil end part protruding from the stator core. The coil end part includes exposed portions of the electrical conductors, which are exposed from the insulating coats, joints formed at the exposed portions, and covered portions of the electrical conductors which are covered with the respective insulating coats and respectively adjoin the exposed portions. The encapsulating resin body has a first part in which the exposed portions of the electrical conductors and the joints are encapsulated, and a second part in which at least part of each of the covered portions of the electrical conductors is encapsulated. A coefficient of linear expansion of the first part is lower than a coefficient of linear expansion of the second part.

Abstract: A winding configuration for a transformer or an inductor has a winding formed by a winding conductor, a solid insulation surrounding the winding and a connecting unit embedded in the solid insulation. The aim is to obtain a winding configuration which provides the required dielectric strength even at higher operating voltages. In order to achieve this goal, the connecting unit is a plug lead-through and is configured to allow the connection of a cable connector.

Abstract: An edge mount magnetic component includes a bobbin and two E-core halves. The bobbin is configured to receive the two E-core halves when body portions of the two E-core halves are positioned vertically. The bobbin includes a first outer flange, a second outer flange, and a passageway spanning therebetween. The bobbin further includes first, second, third, and fourth pin supports. The first and second pin supports are connected to an outer surface of the first end flange and are spaced apart by at least a width of the passageway. The third and fourth pin supports are connected to an outer surface of the second end flange and are spaced apart by at least the width of the passageway. The bobbin further includes slots for routing a winding to a pin and includes walls to ensure the winding is electrically separated from the E-core halves.

Abstract: A dust core includes a metal magnetic material, a resin, and an insulation film. The insulation film contacts with a surface of the metal magnetic material and covers the metal magnetic material. The insulation film includes a first film and a second film. The first film contacts with the surface of the metal magnetic material. The second film contacts with a surface of the first film. A density of the first film is higher than a density of the second film.

Abstract: A wire harness includes at least one electrically conductive path, a waterproof connector, a tubular shield member and a shield shell. The waterproof connector includes a waterproof packing a connector housing and a terminal. The waterproof packing includes a cylindrical packing body and a heat transfer member, the heat transfer member being provided integrally with the cylindrical packing body. The heat transfer member of the waterproof packing is formed of metal, the heat transfer member being configured to transfer heat from the connector housing. The heat transfer member is configured to transfer the heat from the connector housing of the waterproof connector to the metal case when the waterproof packing of the waterproof connector is inserted into an insertion hole of the metal case.

Abstract: An inductor assembly includes at least one inductor coil, a metallic inductor housing at least partially enclosing the inductor coil, and a potting material both contacting the inductor coil and the metallic inductor housing and thermally coupling the inductor coil to the metallic inductor housing. The inductor coil includes a bobbin made of electrically insulating material, and an inductor winding made of an electric conductor wound on the bobbin. The inductor winding further has an outer circumference and two end faces, and an electric insulation covers the outer circumference of the inductor winding.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a coil component includes: an element body part 10 that contains magnetic metal grains and nonmagnetic materials and has insulation property; and a coil 30 embedded in the element body part 10 and formed by a winding conductor. The element body part 10 has a main part 11 and a low magnetic permeability part 50 whose relative permeability is lower than that of the main part 11; the coil 30 has a first surface 36 and a second surface 38 respectively representing surfaces positioned on opposite sides in the direction of the coil axis and intersecting the coil axis; and the low magnetic permeability part 50 is provided between a first plane 37 flush with the first surface 36, and a second plane 39 flush with the second surface 38, in a manner away from the first plane 37 and the second plane 39.

Abstract: A power inductor assembly including a power inductor, a vehicle component, and a pair of distribution conduits is provided. The power inductor has a housing supporting a pair of coils. The vehicle component is located above the pair of coils. Each of the pair of distribution conduits is oriented relative to one of the pair of coils below the vehicle component and has one or more openings adjacent the coils to distribute coolant thereto. Each of the one or more openings may define one of a circular shape or a slot shape. Each of the one or more openings may be sized such that exiting coolant substantially uniformly covers the adjacent coil.

Abstract: The present disclosure covers apparatuses and associated methods for embedding a wireless power transfer coil in concrete. In embodiments, a wireless power inductor pad embedded in concrete includes a wireless power inductor pad comprising a first and second layer of continuously strung stranded wire, each layer arranged in a circular pattern. The first layer is positioned above the second layer such that the stranded wire of the first layer is offset vertically from the stranded wire of the second layer by a vertical wire-to-wire distance. Additionally, the first layer is offset horizontally from the second layer such that the stranded wire of the first layer is offset horizontally from the stranded wire of the second layer by a horizontal wire-to-wire distance; the horizontal wire-to-wire distance being zero inches. Finally, concrete permeates between the first and second layers and between the stranded wires of each layer.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for determining gas characteristics to monitor transformer operation include extracting gas from transformer fluid for analysis.

Abstract: A mobile terminal is provided with a housing having a rectangular shape in a plan view of the housing defined by two short sides along a lateral direction and two long sides along a longitudinal direction. A camera, a battery, and a circuit board are included in the housing. A wireless charging coil is arranged in the housing and includes a winding portion and two leg portions. A sheet is arranged in the housing. The sheet has a rectangular shape including four edges and four corner portions, wherein each pair of adjacent edges forms a virtual corner, each corner portion is receded inwardly from its corresponding virtual corner by a receding distance, and one of four receding distances is greater than other three of the four receding distances.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a pole tube having two magnetic pole tube components and having one nonmagnetic ring, which is situated axially between the pole tube components, for an electromagnet, in particular for a solenoid valve of an automatic transmission in a motor vehicle, including the following: concentric configuration and/or centering of the pole tube components and of the ring, in particular on a centering pin; form-fitting connection, in particular by extrusion coating and/or casting an exterior lateral surface of the pole tube components and of the ring.

Abstract: An air core reactor for use in an electric power transmission and distribution system or in an electric power system of an electrical plant is provided. The air core reactor comprises an electrically insulated support structure, a coil of windings configured to operate at a potential and isolated to ground or other potentials by the electrically insulated support structure and an insulator mounting bracket that attaches directly to the coil. The insulator mounting bracket is configured as an interface between the coil and the electrically insulated support structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transformer for reducing eddy current losses of a coil, in which a cut part which is provided by removing a portion of a conductor is provided in each of an upper end and a lower end of a coil, and thus, eddy current losses caused by leakage flux are reduced. The transformer includes a core and a first coil and a second coil sequentially installed on a concentric circle to surround the core. A cut part which is provided by removing a portion of a conductor is provided at each of a first outer upper end and a first outer lower end of the first coil and a second inner upper end and a second inner lower end of the second coil to reduce an influence of leakage flux.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine ignition coil according to the present invention includes: a central iron core; a primary coil disposed on an outer circumference of the central iron core; a secondary coil disposed on an outer circumference of the primary coil; a side iron core disposed on an outer circumference of the secondary coil; and an insulating material sealing the central iron core, the primary coil, and the secondary coil on an inner side of the side iron core. A first layered silicate having a particle diameter less than a winding diameter of the secondary coil is present at a higher concentration in a vicinity of the secondary coil than that in a vicinity of the side iron core in the insulating material. A second layered silicate having a particle diameter greater than the winding diameter of the secondary coil is present at a higher concentration than that of the first layered silicate between the outer circumference side of the secondary coil and the side iron core.

Abstract: There is provided a guide incorporated in a fixing device including a belt configured to circularly move in a moving direction. The guide includes: a guide portion elongated in a longitudinal direction orthogonal to the moving direction; a first gate mark; and a second gate mark arranged spaced apart from the first gate mark in the longitudinal direction. The guide portion includes a resin and a plurality of elongated-shaped fillers dispersed in the resin. The guide portion has a guide surface configured to guide movement of the belt in the moving direction, a peripheral surface of the belt being configured to contact the guide surface.

Abstract: An electronic device packaging box includes a base and a terminal unit. The base includes a first space having a first opening and receiving a first coil, and second space having a second opening opposite to the first opening and receiving a second coil. The base has first and third side surfaces proximate to the first opening, and second and fourth side surfaces proximate to the second opening. The terminal unit has two first connecting sections protruding from the second side surface, two second connecting sections protruding from the third side surface, two first wire connecting sections protruding from the first side surface, and two second wire connecting sections protruding from the fourth side surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a common mode choke coil that has a higher coupling factor than that of a conventional common mode choke coil and that is easy to be assembled. A common mode choke coil according to the present invention includes a first coil portion 51 and a second coil portion 52 that are connected to each other in series, and a third coil portion 53 and a fourth coil portion 54 that are connected to each other in series. The first coil portion 51 and the second coil portion 52 are respectively disposed in the first quadrant and the third quadrant of an orthogonal coordinate system and housed in a first bobbin 8a, and the third coil portion 53 and the fourth coil portion 54 are respectively disposed in the fourth quadrant and the second quadrant of the orthogonal coordinate system and housed in a second bobbin 8b. The first bobbin 8a and the second bobbin 8b are fitted to each other, and thereby adjacent case portions of the two bobbins are bonded to each other.

Abstract: A coil (60). The coil (60) comprises a conductor formed in the shape of winding layers (68). The conductor comprises an insulating coating (96) surrounding a conductive core (94). The coil further comprises paper strips (80) disposed proximate one or more of the winding layers (68) to provide strain relief against mechanical forces exerted on the coil (60) and to provide electrical insulation between winding layers (68). In an embodiment where the coil (60) further comprises a core (70) the paper strips (80) are beneficially disposed at corners (70A, 70B, 70C, and 70D) of the core (70) and further between winding layers (68) at the corners (70A, 70B, 70C, 70D).

Abstract: A transformer assembly structure includes a transformer and a carrying seat. The transformer includes a bobbin, a winding coil assembly and a magnetic core assembly. The winding coil assembly includes a primary winding coil and a secondary winding coil. The carrying seat includes a main body and a first lateral wing. The main body has an edge. The first lateral wing includes a first positioning structure. The edge of the main body of the carrying seat is located at an inner side of an outer edge of the magnetic core assembly. The outlet part of the primary winding coil is managed and positioned by the first positioning structure.

Abstract: A converter unit includes: a housing with a moulded-on hollow cylinder that extends into the housing; a non-magnetic toroidal core supporting a first secondary winding, contacting the housing bottom concentrically with the hollow cylinder and is embedded in a solid compound; a magnetic toroidal core supporting a second secondary winding, arranged concentrically with the hollow cylinder above the non-magnetic toroidal coil; and a casting compound with which the housing opening is closed. To achieve a compact converter unit, a first planar spacing element is arranged between the first and the second secondary windings, directly contacting the first secondary winding and the second secondary winding. In addition, electrically insulating particles fill out the space between the second secondary winding and the housing wall, and the casting compound extends at least up to the particles, which lie at the top towards the housing opening.

Abstract: A coil (4) for a solenoid valve (2) in particular for actuating a camshaft adjuster, including a coil carrier (6) with an underside, a pot (8) with a base on which the underside of the coil carrier (6) is placed and with a wall which forms an intermediate space (16) with respect to the coil carrier (6), and a yoke disk (10) which is placed on the pot (8) with coil carrier (6) and which covers the intermediate space (16), wherein the intermediate space (16) is open via a flow gap (34) between the yoke disk (10) and the coil carrier (6) and/or between the yoke disk (10) and the pot (8) and is provided for receiving a filler (36). The flow gap (34) is formed for the hardening of the filler (36).

Abstract: One or more techniques and/or systems described herein provide a shielded power coupling device, such as may be used to transfer electric power from a stator portion of a computed tomography (CT) apparatus to a rotor portion. The shielded power coupling device comprises a rotor portion and a stator portion, separated by an airgap, respectively comprising one or more windings and a core. The shielded power coupling device further comprises a fringe field mitigation element(s) (e.g., an electrically conductive wire) that is configured to carry an induced current that creates a magnetic field that mitigates, or substantially cancels, magnetic flux generated by current in the windings that escapes from the core near the core airgap.

Abstract: A reactor includes: a bobbin including flanges at ends of a winding range of a winding, at least one of the flanges being provided with a slit or a hole; a coil formed in a shape in which the winding having a lead portion is wound around the bobbin, the coil being molded by resin, and the lead portion penetrating through the slit or the hole; and a plate through which the lead portion of the coil penetrates, the plate contacting with a circumferential edge of the slit or the hole of the flange so as to close the slit or the hole.

Abstract: A mounting circuit board of a multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a multilayer ceramic capacitor including a ceramic body in which a plurality of dielectric layers are stacked, an active layer including a plurality of first and second internal electrodes alternately exposed to both end surfaces of the ceramic body, having the dielectric layer therebetween, and first and second external electrodes extended from both end surfaces of the ceramic body to a portion of a lower surface thereof; and a printed circuit board having first and second electrode pads so that the first and second external electrodes are mounted thereon, wherein the first and second electrode pads are disposed in positions diagonally opposed to each other, based on the ceramic body.

Abstract: A housing system can comprise a plastic cover (12); a plastic base (14) comprising a floor (20) having sidewalls (22, 24); a first elevation (26); a second elevation (34); a first mounting column (40) located in a transformer end (32) of the plastic base (14) adjacent a major axis first sidewall (22); a second mounting column (42) located in the transformer end (32) of the plastic base (14) adjacent a major axis second sidewall (22); wherein the first and second mounting columns (40,42) have a top surface (44) that protrudes a distance from the floor (20), in the Z direction, in an amount greater than or equal to elevation walls (28,36), wherein the top surface (44) is configured to receive an attachment element (46). The housing system can also comprise a transformer (72), physically attached to the mounting columns; a capacitor (74); a fan (78), and a printed circuit board (80).

Abstract: An apparatus for generating a pulsed magnetic field includes an insulating body, an electrical conductor positioned on the insulating body, and a ferromagnetic body having a hollow portion, wherein the insulating body and the electrical conductor are positioned in the hollow portion. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the electrical conductor has at least one gap separating the electrical conductor into at least two parts, thereby allowing a current to flow through the at least two parts in parallel to generate a magnetic field in the insulating body.

Abstract: An inductive coupler apparatus have a first inductive coupler with a first magnetic center shaft having a recessed portion, a first outer magnetic layer disposed around the first magnetic center shaft, and a first coil disposed around the first magnetic center shaft and disposed within the first outer magnetic layer and a second inductive coupler with a second magnetic center shaft having a recessed portion, a second outer magnetic layer disposed around the second magnetic center shaft, and a second coil disposed around the second magnetic center shaft and disposed within the second outer magnetic layer. When the first and second inductive couplers are in the coupled position the inductive couplers can provide for the transmission of power and/or communication between downhole tools in a bottom hole assembly.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a magnetic material-containing resin to be used for coating and forming cores. A magnetite-containing resin of the present invention includes a magnetite having a residual magnetic flux density of less than 15 Am2/kg and a coercive force of less than 12 kA/m. A coil is provided that has a structure in which by coating a winding with the magnetite-containing resin, a magnetite-containing resin layer is formed.

Abstract: A reactor comprises a reactor core in which two U-shaped core members are connected in a ring shape with a gap section therebetween, a primary insert-molded resin part provided covering at least an outer peripheral surface of a leg part of the core member other than an adhesion surface of the core member, a coil placed around the gap section and the leg part of the core member, and a secondary insert-molded resin part made of a thermoplastic resin and which is insert-molded around the coil to fix the coil on the reactor core and fix the leg parts of the core members in a connected state. A positioning section which determines a relative position of opposing leg parts and a window section which allows a melted thermoplastic resin for forming the secondary insert-molded resin part to flow into the gap section are formed on an end of the primary insert-molded resin part connected in a state where core members are placed connected in a ring shape.

Abstract: A reactor device formed by containing a reactor body comprising a plurality of cores joined with each other within a case in a floating state. The reactor body is placed on a case by using leaf spring bodies and a movement of the reactor body in the horizontal direction is allowed, thereby absorbing a difference in expansion resulting from a difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the reactor body and the case due to a heat stress. Further, a resin mold is inserted into a concave portion of the case so as to allow the movement in the horizontal direction so that the movement of the reactor body along a slope surface can be achieved, thereby absorbing the difference in expansion.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device arrangement includes a transformer assembly having a core, windings, and a housing disposed around at least a portion of the core and windings. An enclosure at least partially encloses the transformer assembly. The transformer assembly is mounted to a first portion of the enclosure such that heat is transferred from the transformer assembly to the first portion of the enclosure. A second portion of the enclosure has an extension extending therefrom such that the extension is placed in thermal contact with the transformer assembly to transfer heat from the transformer assembly to the extension.

Abstract: A reactor comprising a coil including a pair of coil elements and a magnetic core including a pair of inner core portions, outer core portions that connect the inner core portions to form a closed magnetic circuit, and a case that houses an assembly of the coil and the magnetic core, wherein the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the coil and the inner peripheral surface of the side wall portion of the case is 0 mm to 1.0 mm.

Abstract: Methods for the manufacture of an electromagnetic coil assembly are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes joining a first end portion of a braided lead wire to a coiled magnet wire. A dielectric-containing material is applied in a wet-state over the coiled magnet wire and over the first end portion of the braided lead wire. The dielectric-containing material is cured to produce an electrically-insulative body in which the coiled magnet wire and the first end portion of the braided lead wire are at least partially embedded. Prior to application of the dielectric-containing material, the braided lead wire is at least partially impregnated with a masking material deterring wicking of the dielectric-containing material into an intermediate portion of the braided lead wire. In certain cases, the masking material may be removed from the braided lead wire after curing, and the electrically-insulative body may be sealed within a canister.

Abstract: A high-frequency swinging choke has at least two rod cores arranged next to one another in the longitudinal direction. The rod cores each have at least one winding. The windings are connected in series.

Abstract: An automobile ignition coil for use in an ignition system is provided having a central cylindrical magnetic core element, and a secondary coil circumscribing the core element. The second linear length of copper wire has a cross sectional area in a rectangular, rhomboid or hexagonal regular polygonal shape. A primary coil circumscribes the secondary coil, and similarly has a cross sectional area in a rectangular, rhomboid or hexagonal regular polygonal shape.

Abstract: In an ignition coil for an internal combustion engine, a column section and a notched section are provided in a side wall section of a case section of the ignition coil. A ventilation opening is formed in an up/down direction in the column section. The ventilation opening communicates with a ventilation passage formed between a sealing rubber and the case section and is open in an upper end section. A cover surrounding the column section and covering the upper end section is provided in the side wall section. A sealing section sealing the notched section is provided in the cover. The ignition coil has a filler resin that fills a space within the case section being in continuous contact with the sealing section and the side wall section and fixing the cover to the side wall section.

Abstract: Inductive couplers for use in a downhole environment are described. An example inductive coupler for use in a downhole environment includes a body defining a cavity and magnetic material positioned in the cavity. The example inductive coupler also includes a coil adjacent the magnetic material, the coil formed with a number of turns of wire, and a first metal cover coupled to the body to enclose the cavity. The metal cover being electrically coupled to the body to form a substantially contiguous electrically conductive surface surrounding the cavity.

Abstract: A subsea transformer that includes a transformer and a transformer tank adapted to accommodate the transformer is provided. The transformer tank has an opening that is sized so as to enable insertion of the transformer into the transformer tank through the opening. A closing plate is adapted to close the opening of the transformer tank. At least one component having a double barrier against ingress of an ambient medium surrounding the subsea transformer when installed subsea is mounted to the closing plate.

Abstract: A first housing portion of a split core sensing transformer includes a guide element arranged to engage a guide surface of a separable second housing portion and to control rotation and translation of the housing portions to align the housing portions during joining.

Abstract: An oil immersed stereo wound-core amorphous alloy transformer, comprising an iron core, a high-low voltage winding, leads and a tank. The core comprises three single frames made of amorphous alloy strips by winding and are identical in structure, and the single frames have a rectangular shape; the vertical sides of every two adjacent frames fit together fixedly to form a core pillar, and the horizontal sides of the single frame form iron yokes; the cross sections of the core pillars have an approximately circular or polygonal shape; the transformer further comprises a clamp, comprising a quasi-triangular upper and lower clamp, and posts, the lower clamp is provide with three food pads; the iron yokes in the lower portion of the iron core are located on the foot pads, and the high-low voltage winding is wound on the core pillars.

Abstract: In an ignition coil, a housing has an inner chamber, and a transformer is installed in the inner chamber of the housing. A molded side-core assembly of a transformer includes an arched side core magnetically coupled to first and second ends of a longitudinal center core and located outside a circumferential part of primary and secondary windings. The molded side-core assembly includes an insulation cover molded to cover at least part of the arched side core. The insulation cover has a surface and at least one molding mark formed on the surface thereof. An insulation filler is filled in the inner chamber of the housing while the at least part of the arched side core is exposed from the insulation filler and the at least one molding mark is hermetically sealed in the insulation filler.