Abstract: An arrangement for transferring a paper web from the last drying cylinder of a first dryer group to the first dryer cylinder of a second dryer group. The last of the first drying cylinders lies outside a first endless loop porous support belt of the first dryer group. The first of the second drying cylinders lies outside a second endless loop porous support belt of the second dryer group. A first guide roll lies inside the loop of the first belt and is spaced from the first cylinder. A second guide roll lies inside the loop of the second belt, and is spaced from the second drying cylinder and along the path of the first belt between the first drying cylinder and the first guide roll. The second belt wraps around the second guide roll and the web on the first belt contacts the second belt on the path of the first belt toward the first guide roll.

Abstract: The dry end of a paper machine comprises a first dryer group with top drying cylinders (11 to 14), with a first drying wire (10) and with bottom deflection suction rolls (21 to 23). Adjacent this, there is a second dryer group with bottom drying cylinders (15 to 18), with a second drying screen (20) and with top deflection suction rolls (25 to 27). In this way, both sides of the web (9) to be dried come, in succession, into direct contact with the drying cylinders. At the place where the web (9) changes from the first drying wire to the second drying wire, there is a transfer suction roll (24) which lies within the loop (20) of the second support belt. The web (9) travels there from the last cylinder (14) of the first dryer group over an at least approximately straight travel path to the transfer suction roll (24) and thus onto the second support belt (20).

Abstract: A dryer section of a machine for manufacturing fiber webs, which includes a plurality of heatable drying cylinders arranged to form at least a first dryer group and a second dryer group, and arranged in horizontal cylinder rows, and including a plurality of suction rolls each being disposed between two adjacent cylinders. The cylinders of the first group have axes disposed in a first plane I, the suction rolls of the first group have axes disposed in a second plane II, the cylinders of the second group have axes disposed in a third plane III, and the suction rolls of the second group have axes disposed in a fourth plane IV. In accordance with different embodiments planes I and II may be coplanar, planes II and III may be coplanar; planes I and III may be disposed between planes II and IV; and the axes of the first drying cylinders and its associated suction roll of the second group may be disposed below the axes of the other drying cylinders and suction rolls of the second group.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air turn for supporting and optionally drying a web, the air turn comprising a plurality of air bars having a wing type foil with an adjustable web-to-foil gap and multiple relief holes. The apparatus of the invention allows for the ability to control the air vortex off the lower air turn in an air turn array and to control the pressure between the web and foil, thereby eliminating web flutter.

Abstract: A paper making machine comprises a press followed by an adjoining dry end having a plurality of dryer groups I to VI. Each dryer group comprises only one row of dryer cylinders and one row of reversal suction rolls which alternate with the dryer cylinders, and a respective endless support belt passing around the cylinders and rolls of each group along a guided meander path. The press and each of the dryer groups has a respective variable web speed drive. A speed control device controls the drives such that a positive difference in speed is present between the first dryer group and the press and a negative difference in speed is present between the last two dryer groups. Separation places may be defined between at least some of the dryer groups. Some of the separation places are closed providing support for the web passing between groups, and others are open providing an unsupported open draw for the web.

Abstract: A dry end of a paper making machine has a plurality of dryer groups each in turn comprised of a plurality of heatable dryer cylinders which alternate with reversal rolls. A respective support belt meanders past each dryer cylinder and the succeeding reversal roll in each dryer group. The web to be dried is supported on the side of each support belt to contact the heatable dryer cylinders. The reversal roll that precedes the first dryer cylinder in each succeeding group serves as a web removal roll which is wrapped by the second support belt of the succeeding dryer group. The first support belt of the preceding dryer group has the web on the side of the first belt which is toward the removal roll. The first support belt contacts the second support belt on the removal roll over a smaller part of the circumference of the removal roll than the second support belt. The removal roll transfers the web from the first support belt to the second support belt at the removal roll.

Abstract: A dryer section of a machine for manufacturing fiber webs, which includes a plurality of heatable drying cylinders arranged to form at least a first dryer group and a second dryer group, and arranged in horizontal cylinder rows, and including a plurality of suction rolls each being disposed between two adjacent cylinders. The cylinders of the first group have axes disposed in a first plane I, the suction rolls of the first group have axes disposed in a second plane II, the cylinders of the second group have axes disposed in a third plane III, and the suction rolls of the second group have axes disposed in a fourth plane IV. In accordance with different embodiments planes I and II may be coplanar, planes II and III may be coplanar; planes I and III may be disposed between planes II and IV; and the axes of the first drying cylinders and its associated suction roll of the second group may be disposed below the axes of the other drying cylinders and suction rolls of the second group.

Abstract: An apparatus for drying a web of roll material has two rows of comparatively low and high temperature cylinders, and a metal belt and a felt belt entrained in parallel for transporting the web on a serpentine path around the cylinders. The metal belt is pre-heated at an input side to each low temperature cylinder to a temperature from 140.degree. C. to 170.degree. C. An input press roll applies a nip pressure to the metal belt against the web, felt belt, and low temperature cylinder from 60 to 200 pli (pounds per linear inch). The surface of the low temperature cylinder is heated to an intermediate temperature from 100.degree. C. to 140.degree. C. The temperature of the heated belt at an input side is maintained only about 20.degree. C. higher than that of the low temperature cylinder. The low temperature cylinder has air pressure grooves for maintaining a negative air pressure in the range of 0.1 to 0.7 bar at its surface for lowering the vapor pressure for water evaporated from the web.

Abstract: A drying apparatus is disclosed for drying a web of paper. The apparatus includes a plurality of top felted drying sections for drying the web. Each of the drying sections is arranged in succession such that the web is restrained against cross-machine and machine directional shrinkage during passage of the web through the plurality of drying sections. A further single drying section only is disposed downstream relative to the plurality of drying sections such that the web extends between the plurality of drying sections and the further drying section. The further drying section includes an upper tier of dryers and an upper plurality of rolls which are disposed between adjacent dryers of the upper tier. An upper felt extends alternately around each dryer of the upper tier and each roll of the upper plurality of rolls. The further drying section also includes a lower tier of dryers and a lower plurality of rolls disposed between adjacent dryers of the lower tier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grouping of cylinders in a drying section of a paper machine, in which drying section a paper web and a wire are carried meandering from a first heated drying cylinder onto a leading cylinder and from the leading cylinder further onto the next heated drying cylinder. A drying group consists of a number of subsequent groupings of cylinders, whereby, in each grouping of cylinders, the drying cylinders and the leading cylinders are placed, in relation to one another, substantially at three different height levels, so that the drying cylinders with larger diameter are placed at a height level Y.sub.1 and the drying cylinders that have a diameter smaller than said larger diameter are placed at a height level Y.sub.2. In the groupings of cylinder the leading cylinders are placed at a third height level Y.sub.3.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the restrained drying of a paper web in a dryer section of a paper machine. The process includes the steps of wrapping the web with a felt during passage of the web with the felt around a dryer of the dryer section and thereafter wrapping the web around a portion of a guiding device disposed immediately downstream relative to the dryer so that edge curl of the web is minimized.

Abstract: The apparatus for interconnecting two groups of driers of a papermaking machine serves to interconnect two successive drying sections through which successively travels a paper web which is dried by such successive drying sections. When needed or desired, such interconnection must be interrupted. For this purpose there are used additional elements which are capable of bringing about a separation of the endless drying wires associated with the respective web drying sections and, at the same time, during normal operation, that is, during the transfer of the paper web from the one to the other drying section, affording a regulatable operation capable of retaining the quality of the paper web. Thus, for this purpose there are proposed the use of adjustable rollers and also suction boxes operated under vacuum conditions.

Abstract: A drying apparatus is disclosed for drying a web of paper. The apparatus includes a plurality of top felted drying sections for drying the web. Each of the drying sections is arranged in succession such that the web is restrained against cross-machine and machine directional shrinkage during passage of the web through the plurality of drying sections. A further single drying section only is disposed downstream relative to the plurality of drying sections such that the web extends between the plurality of drying sections and the further drying section. The further drying section includes an upper tier of dryers and an upper plurality of rolls which are disposed between adjacent dryers of the upper tier. An upper felt extends alternately around each dryer of the upper tier and each roll of the upper plurality of rolls. The further drying section also includes a lower tier of dryers and a lower plurality of rolls disposed between adjacent dryers of the lower tier.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously receiving two or more guide ropes, separately stretching those ropes and returning them to be joined for guiding purposes; the apparatus including a sliding carriage for each rope, a pulley on each carriage, a cable attached to each carriage with adjustable means to apply tension to the cable and thereby to the rope, and pulleys to lead the ropes into and out of the apparatus.

Abstract: A single tier drying section is disclosed for drying a web. The drying section includes a dryer and a felt guided about the dryer such that the web is disposed between the dryer and the felt for drying a first side of the web. A further dryer is disposed downstream relative to the dryer and a further felt is guided about the further dryer such that the web is disposed between the further dryer and the further felt for drying a second side of the web. A dryer transfer mechanism is used for transferring the web from the dryer to the further dryer.

Abstract: The dry end of a paper making machine includes a first dryer group of heatable web dryer cylinders followed by a second dryer group of heatable dryer cylinders. Each dryer cylinder has a neighboring suction guide roll. Respective first and second web support belts are provided for the first and second dryer groups. The paper web to be dried alternately passes between a dryer cylinder and the neighboring suction guide roll, such that the web comes into direct contact with the dryer cylinders. A transfer region is located between the two dryer groups at which the web is transferred from the first to the second web support belt. A displaceable guide roll in the transfer region is associated with at least one of the first and the second web support belts.

Abstract: A dryer section for a machine for drying a fibrous web and particularly a paper web. The dryer section comprises a row of dryer cylinders which alternate with reversal suction rolls along the path of the web. The dryer cylinders are separated into at least an upstream first dryer part and a downstream second dryer part in the path of the web through the dryer section. A continuous supporting belt travels along with the web alternately over each dryer cylinder and its associated suction roll in respective dryer groups in each of the upstream and downstream dryer parts. Every suction roll in the upstream first part has a stationary suction box in it. Every suction roll in the downstream second part does not have a suction box. All of the suction rolls have a perforated roll shell. The density of the perforations in the roll shell of the suction rolls in the first upstream part is at least twice as great as the density of the perforations in the roll shell of the suction rolls in the second downstream part.

Abstract: A dryer apparatus is disclosed for drying a pressed web. The apparatus includes a plurality of single tier dryer sections in which successive sections dry alternate sides of the web, the web being transferred between successive sections without any open draw of the web such that the web is uniformly dried on both sides thereof while the web is restrained against cross-machine directional shrinkage. Each of the sections includes a single tier of dryers with an intermediate roll disposed between each adjacent dryer. A dryer felt extends in serpentine configuration around each dryer and roll such that the web is disposed between the felt and each dryer for drying one side of the web. The felt is also disposed between the roll and the web with the felt in direct contact with an alternate side of the web. The intermediate roll defines a plurality of circumferential grooves for diffusing boundary air following the felt that would otherwise tend to lift the web from the felt extending around the roll.

Abstract: In a web pick-up device and a method of using the pick-up device in the press section of a paper machine, the running web makes contact, in a press gap, with a smooth rotating surface from which the web runs off at a point of pickup (A). The rotating surface and a suction box form together, in the area of the pickup point (A), a gap through which runs a porous conveyer belt which receives the fibrous web. The suction box is pivotably mounted and has in the area of the point of pickup (A) a sliding surface across which slides the conveyer belt, and which during operation is arranged at an adjustable spacing from the smooth surface. The spacing is determined by a stop on which bears the suction box during operation, under the effect of a flexible lift device.

Abstract: A transfer system for transferring a moving wet cellulosic web between two moving elements of a paper machine without excessive sheet flutter or breakage, supports the web and permits higher web speeds than presently used. The transfer system comprises a suction roll that forms a nip in contact with the web on the surface of a roll or web supporting belt, a doctor blade positioned in contact with the surface of the roll or web supporting belt immediately after the nip to ensure the web separates from the surface, and an air jet adjacent the doctor blade that blows air in a direction substantially opposite the moving web, between the moving web and the surface of the roll or web supporting belt, to guide and support the web towards the suction roll.

Abstract: The dry end of a paper making machine includes a twin wire dryer group following a single wire dryer group. The paper web is continuously guided by a support belt which moves alternately between dryer cylinders and intermediate deflecting rolls in the single wire dryer group. In the twin wire dryer group, the web travels over open lengths between dryer cylinders in the two rows of the second group. A rope guide threads the web into the twin wire dryer group. The start of the rope guide, called the rope shears, is in the vicinity of the periphery of the last or next to last deflecting roll called the selected deflecting roll in the single wire dryer group. Between the selected deflecting roll at the start of the rope shears and the preceding selected dryer cylinder, there is a relatively long straight path of travel for the support belt. Parallel to that path, there is a scraper and a guide plate which deflects the edge strip of the web laterally into the rope shears which is laterally to the side of the web.

Abstract: In a single wire dryer group, a paper web travels on one side of a support belt over a first dryer cylinder, then over a guide roll, then over a second dryer cylinder moving through the dryer group. A pocket is defined between the two adjacent dryer cylinders and the guide roll between them. To develop a vacuum within the pocket in the vicinity of the outer surface of the first dryer cylinder, there is a sealing ledge at the support belt at the first dryer cylinder. The sealing ledge is fastened to a sealing ledge support. An air guide surface on the side of the sealing ledge support away from the pocket is curved first in a direction toward the bottom of the pocket and then away from the pocket around axes above the air guide surface. Toward the second cylinder, the sealing ledge support defines an air ejector nozzle. A first air flow induced on the first dryer cylinder is deflected upward around and past the ejector nozzle by the curvature of the air guide surface.

Abstract: The invention is related to a blow and air-conditioning device for an inverted cylinder group in a drying section of a paper machine. The inverted cylinder group includes a lower row of drying cylinders and a corresponding row of leading cylinders or rolls placed above said cylinders in the gaps between them. The inverted cylinder group is provided with single-wire draw so that the heated drying cylinders placed in the lower row in the group, are placed outside the loop of a drying wire and the lead cylinders in the group are placed inside the drying-wire loop. A blow box is fitted in spaces between adjacent leading cylinders and above the drying cylinders. A nozzle of the blow box directs blowings into a wedge-shaped nip space opening in the direction of running of the web, which outlet nip space is defined between the face of the drying cylinder and the run of the web and of the drying wire.

Abstract: A dryer section with two dryer groups and a transfer for the paper web between the dryer groups. The receiving dryer group has a vacuum roll on which the felt of the proceeding dryer group is partially wrapped. An adjusting mechanism enables the wrap angle to be adjusted between an arc angle of 0 and 20 degrees.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for cutting a paper web (W) in a group of drying cylinders provided with single-wire draw (13) in a paper machine or a finishing machine. The drying wire (13) is separated from the paper web (W) by one or more guide rolls (14a,14b) thereby creating an open draw (W.sub.o) of the web (W). The cutting of the paper web (W) is carried out at the open draw (W.sub.o) of the web (W). After the open draw (W.sub.o), the drying wire (13) and the web (W) are rejoined on the surface of the following leading or drying cylinder (11). Preferably, two guide rolls (14a,14b) are utilized whereby the first roll is disposed so that the drying wire (13) supports the web (W) up to the location of the guide roll (14a), which is followed by an open draw (W.sub.o) of the web. The drying wire (13) is returned onto the following leading or drying cylinder (11) with the second guide roll (14b).

Abstract: A dryer section of a paper making machine is divided into several dryer groups, each comprising a plurality of dryer cylinders, a plurality of reversing rolls between neighboring cylinders and a respective web supporting belt wrapping around the cylinders of a dryer group. Within each dryer group, the web travels, in continuous contact with the supporting belt, alternately over the dryer cylinders and the reversing rolls so that the web comes into direct contact with the cylinders and the supporting belt comes into direct contact with the reversing rolls. The cylinders are arranged in several rows which are inclined to the vertical, alternately rearwardly and forwardly defining V-shaped double rows. The end of each row and the starting point of the following row are formed by two cylinders arranged horizontally alongside of each other. The rows of dryer cylinders succeed each other in the manner of a zig-zag line. Each inclined row comprises about three cylinders.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for drying a web of paper emerging from a press section of a papermaking machine. The apparatus incudes a first dryer section means for initiating the drying of the first side of the web. A first transfer arrangement transfers the web from the press section to the first dryer section. A second dryer section is disposed downstream relative to the first dryer section for initiating the drying of a second side of the web, the second side of the web being opposite to the first side thereof. A first dryer transfer arrangement transfer the web without open draw between the first and second dryer sections. The first dryer transfer arrangement permits both threading of the web without the assistance of threading ropes and the drying of both sides of the web.

Abstract: At least one boundary control roll is disposed adjacent a moving web of paper or like material being imprinted with ink. The web of paper has opposing planar surfaces, and at least one such boundary control roll is positioned in transverse non-contacting proximity to a planar surface of said web and rotated counter to the direction of travel of the web. If multiple rolls are used, the rolls on opposing sides of the web should be coacting and counter-rotating. The boundary layer formed about the peripheral surface of each roll is adjustably positioned within the boundary layer on adhering to the moving web. By colliding the respective boundary layers, a zone of interference is created and the boundary layer of the web is significantly reduced in thickness. In this manner, the thickness of the hot solvent-laden boundary layer adhering to each side of the web is effectively reduced.

Abstract: A method in a drying group or groups provided with a single-wire draw in a multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine in the draw of a web. The multi-cylinder dryer comprises drying cylinders heated by means of steam or equivalent, with the web being pressed by a drying wire against the cylinder faces of these drying cylinders. The multi-cylinder dryer has leading or lower cylinders on which the web runs outside the drying wire which is, for example, a felt. The leading cylinders or rolls are provided with holes passing through a mantle of the leading cylinders or rolls, these holes being fitted to open into an inner space of negative pressure within the leading cylinder or roll and to open, at an opposite end, into grooves provided on a mantle face of the rolls. The negative pressure inside the roll is arranged to be transmitted to the grooves provided on the outer face of the roll mantle, so that an adhesion force is applied to the web through the grooves.

Abstract: Arrangement for the transfer of a paper web from the press section 10 to the dryer section 20 of a paper machine, where a water-absorbent felt belt 11 of the last press 13, 14 has at the same time the function of a transfer felt 11; i.e., the transfer felt 11 transports the paper web 9 from the press section 10 to the dryer section 20. There, the transfer felt serves to force the paper web onto at least the first drying cylinder 21. This drying cylinder and additional drying cylinders 22 lie therefore outside the continuous loop of the transfer felt 11.

Abstract: A method for use in web drying apparatus, such as a drying section of a coating or paper machine which includes drying cylinders against the outer mantles of which a web to be dried is pressed in direct contact, and wherein the web is carried from one drying cylinder to the next supported on a wire which passes from a drying cylinder over an intermediate leading cyclinder where the web is carried on the outer side of the wire out of direct contact with an outer mantle of the leading cylinder, and then to the next drying cylinder, comprises the steps of maintaining a negative pressure in a pocket space defined between a pair of successive drying cylinders and the web-supporting wire for suctioning the web into contact with the wire as it runs from one drying cylinder to the intermediate leading cylinder and from the intermediate leading cylinder to the next drying cylinder, and providing the leading cylinder with a perforated outer mantle and maintaining a negative pressure within the interior of the outer man

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus in a paper machine, in particular in its drying section, for intensification of the drying of the paper. In the method the paper web (W) is passed on support of a drying fabric onto a drying cylinder (K). In the method, in connection with the drying cylinder (K), a separate suction device (10) is employed, which is fitted at a distance (F) from the drying fabric, e.g. a wire (H), which follows the face of the drying cylinder. In the method, by means of the suction device (10), the boundary layer (S.sub.1) of moist air, which has been formed on the face of the drying fabric (H), is suctioned off, whereby the drying process is promoted.

Abstract: The suction roll of a dryer group is in the path of the web and of the web support belt from an upstream dryer cylinder to a downstream dryer cylinder. The suction roll has an annular roll shell having a plurality of radial holes and being free of stationary inserts at least over the predominant part of the length of the roll shell. A hollow roll journal at at least one end of the suction roll connects vacuum into the suction roll and to the radial holes. In at least some of the holes there are respective deflector pieces. Each extends a short radial distance into the inside of the roll shell over a short radial portion. The deflector piece has a continuous channel which extends radially inward through the hole toward the inside of the roll in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of extension of the hole and the radially inward portion of the channel is curved in the direction contrary to the direction of rotation of the roll shell.

Abstract: The drying section of a paper-making machine has a first drying group of a horizontal row of first drying cylinders which alternate with reversing rollers. A first upper web support belt wraps over the top of a first drying cylinder and then wraps the associated first reversing roller. An adjacent second drying group of a horizontal row of second drying cylinders which alternate with reversing rollers. A second lower web support belt wraps over the bottom side of a second drying cylinder and then wraps the associated second reversing roller. The drying cylinders and their reversing rollers are supported on two longitudinal beams which extend beneath the rows of drying cylinders. The drying cylinders of the second group lie at least at the same height above or higher above the longitudinal beams of the drying cylinders than the drying cylinders of the first group. The seocnd drying group is of a height to provide a clearance space over the floor and beneath lower support belt return path guiding rollers.

Abstract: A papermachine drying apparatus is disclosed for drying a first and a second side of the web. The apparatus includes a first single tier drying section for drying only the first side of the web. The first drying section includes a first plurality of dryer cylinders for drying the first side of the web, and a first plurality of vacuum rolls disposed in close proximity between adjacent dryer cylinders of the first plurality of dryer cylinders. A second single tier drying section for drying only the second side of the web in which the drying section includes a second plurality of dryer cylinders for drying the second side of the web, such cylinders being disposed immediately downstream relative to the first drying section. A second plurality of vacuum rolls are arranged such that each vacuum roll is disposed in close proximity between adjacent dryer cylinders of the second plurality of dryer cylinders.

Abstract: The invention concerns a suction roll (10) for a paper making machine, on which the paper web is pressed towards the outer face of the roll mantle. The suction roll (10) is divided, in the axial direction of the roll, into at least three vacuum spaced (A.sub.1, A.sub.2, A.sub.3). In the interior of the suction roll (10), there are at least two partition walls (17a, 17b), by means of which the suction space (13) is divided into separate zones of negative pressure. The lateral vacuum spaces (A.sub.1, A.sub.3) in the suction space can be subjected to a higher negative pressure than the vacuum space (a.sub.2) in the middle area of the roll, whereby the profile of negative pressure is formed such that the negative pressure increases across the width of the roll towards the lateral areas. The invention also concerns a method for producing a desired pressure profile for a suction roll.

Abstract: A beam construction used in the area of single-draw of the drying wire (13) in a paper machine or the equivalent thereof is placed in proximity of the straight joint run of the drying wire (13) and the web (W) between the drying cylinder (10) and the leading cylinder (12) or roll on a sector (a) of the leading cylinder (12) or roll that is otherwise free from the drying wire (13). The beam construction comprises a static closing-suction beam (20) with no blowing members. The closing-suction beam (20) covers the drying wire (13) which runs form the drying cylinder (10) onto the subsequent leading cylinder (12) or roll, the web (W) being placed on the opposite face of said wire (13). At the inlet edges of the closing-suction beam (20) transverse seals (27,28) are placed against the drying wire (13) and the leading cylinder (12) as well as lateral seals (25, 25a) at the ends of the closing-suction beam (20).

Abstract: The dry end or dryer section of a paper making machine has a plurality of dryer groups. Each dryer group comprises a plurality of heatable dryer cylinders, reversing rolls between each pair of the dryer cylinders in the group and an endless web support belt which passes over a dryer cylinder and then a reversing roll and then the next dryer cylinder in turn in the group. Between the last two dryer cylinders with which the lower side of the web comes into contact, there is an auxiliary guide roll over which the support belt travels free of the web, while the web travels directly from the selected dryer cylinder to the next reversing roll. Alternately, the auxiliary guide roll is disposed between the reversing roll and the next dryer cylinder in the web path of travel. Between the dryer cylinder and the auxiliary guide roll can be provided a second auxiliary guide roll which presses the web against the belt before the web separates from the web to pass to the auxiliary guide roll.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus is disclosed for transferring a web from an upstream dryer to a downstream dryer of a dryer section. The apparatus includes a first dryer felt which extends around the upstream dryer for supporting the web such that the web is disposed between the first felt and the upstream dryer for drying a first side of the web. The first felt roll is disposed downstream relative to the upstream dryer for guiding the first felt such that the first felt diverges relative to the upstream dryer and extends from the upstream dryer to and around the first felt roll. A second felt roll is disposed between the upstream dryer and the first felt roll such that the web is disposed between the second felt roll and the first felt. A second dryer felt extends around the downstream dryer for supporting the web such that the web is disposed between the second dryer felt and the downstream dryer for drying a second side of the web.

Abstract: In the drying section of a paper machine having a first cylinder, a second cylinder and a support fabric supporting a web to be dried, the fabric along with the web being passed from the first cylinder to the second cylinder, a device is provided at the height of the free run portion of the web and the support fabric between the cylinders on the side of the support fabric and comprises a chamber connected to a source of pressurized medium and a nozzle slot provided in the wall of the chamber for effecting a flow having an influence on positive and negative pressures induced in wedge-like spaces formed between the cylinders and the web with the support fabric for stabilizing the run of the web. The nozzle slot is directed at an angle with respect to the free run of the web and away from the web and the support fabric towards an area, which is outside the wedge-like space defined by the circumferential surface of the cylinder and the free run.

Abstract: A paper web travels together with a support belt over two heatable drying cylinders and a guide roll between the cylinders, which together define a pocket. Vacuum prevails in the pocket upon operation. Above the pocket there is provided a sealing strip support with sealing strips fastened to it. The sealing strips are at the drying cylinders where they enter the pocket, and these strips counter the penetration of air into the pocket. The sealing strip support is moveable in various ways so that the distance between the sealing strips and the cylinder outer surfaces can be enlarged temporarily. The guide roll is hollow, is connectable with a vacuum source and has a perforated roll shell and is free of stationary inserted parts. A separate vacuum source communicates with extra perforations at axial end edge chambers of the guide roll for applying greater vacuum at the edge chambers than over the remainder of the roll.

Abstract: A single tier drying section is disclosed for drying a web. The drying section includes a dryer and a felt guided about the dryer such that the web is disposed between the dryer and the felt for drying a first side of the web. A further dryer is disposed downstream relative to the dryer and a further felt is guided about the further dryer such that the web is disposed between the further dryer and the further felt for drying a second side of the web. A dryer transfer mechanism is used for transferring the web from the dryer to the further dryer.

Abstract: The combination of the press section and the initial part of a multi-cylinder drying section in a paper making machine wherein the press section comprises a compact press roll arrangement, whose rolls (16, 18, 20, 21) form press nips (N.sub.1, N.sub.2, N.sub.3) with one another. The press section further comprises a separate press, whose press rolls (30, 31) form a press nip (N.sub.4). The drying section of the combination comprises a multi-cylinder dryer comprising different cylinder groups (25, 39). Between the compact press roll arrangement and the separate press, a group of pre-drying cylinders (25) is fitted, said group being provided with a single-wire draw of the web (W) so that the upper cylinders (25a, 25b, 25c) in the group (25) of pre-drying cylinders remain outside the loop of the drying wire (26), which accomplishes the single-wire draw.

Abstract: A single wire dryer group for a web producing, and particularly a papermaking, machine. A plurality of heatable drying cylinders arrayed in a row. A respective suction reversing roll is disposed between adjacent drying cylinders. An endless support belt for the web to be dried travels alternately over a drying cylinder over the next adjacent reversing roll and then over the next adjacent drying cylinder. Movable bearings support each of the reversing rolls so that the distance between the reversing roll and at least the preceding drying cylinder in the path of the belt is variable. The direction of motion of the berarings is parallel to the central plane joining the axes of the two drying cylinders adjacent the respective reversing roll. The reversing roll has an initial normal position closer to the preceding web supplying drying cyinder and further from the following web receiving drying cylinder. The bearings are selectively also movable over a large distance from the respective adjacent drying cylinders.

Abstract: In a papermachine coating or size press section a rope system is provided for feeding the web through the machine either initially or after a break. In an abrasive environment continuously running ropes can lead to excessive wear on the ropes. In the present invention a rope system for a papermachine has means independent of a papermachine for driving the ropes which may be stationary when not in use. The driving capacity of the rope system is such that during simultaneous operation of both the rope system and the coating or size press section, the rope system can operate at speeds greater than the section.

Abstract: Apparatus utilizing a single tier of rotatable cylindrical steam dryers from entrance to exit is provided for the drying of a paper web in a paper-making process. The web is supported by a felt as it traverses the apparatus from dryer to dryer which is transferred between successive dryers by vacuum rolls or suction boxes thereby eliminating open draws between the dryers.

Abstract: A drying end which comprises a plurality of drying groups. Referring to FIG. 2, each drying group has its own endless support belt (171-175) which travels together with the web alternately over drying cylinders (101-138) and guide rollers. In each drying group, at least some of the drying cylinders lie in a row of cylinders (161-168) which is arranged approximately vertically. Within the first drying group (160/161) the web travels downward through a vertical cylinder row (161), the lower side of the web contacting the cylinders. In the second drying group (162/163), the web first of all travels upward, the upper side of the web contacting the cylinders. At least two drying groups have two vertical cylinder rows (162-167). Referring to these later two groups, the rows of guide rollers in one drying group are arranged outside the corresponding cylinder rows, and in the other drying group the guide rollers are arranged inside the cylinder rows.

Abstract: Multi-cylinder dryer, has upper cylinder (13,14,15,16) and lower cylinders (10,11,12) over which a paper web (W) to be dried is run in meandering fashion from one cylinder onto the next cylinder. The paper web is in direct contact with each drying cylinder within a sector that is larger than 180.degree.. An upper wire (5) and a lower wire (6) are used to press the paper web against faces of the drying cylinders (10,11,12; 13,14,15,16). The wires (6,5) are guided by guide rolls, which are placed in such a way that the paper web (W) is continuously supported by a wire (5,6) as it runs from one cylinder onto the other. The guide roll arrangements consist of fragmentary rolls (21,51), which are supported on suction boxes (20) and/or on blow boxes (50) so that at least two fragmentary rolls (21,51) are supported on each suction box (20)/blow box (50). By means of the suction boxes (20)/blow boxes (50), blowings (S,P) are directed at the drying wire (5,6).

Abstract: Method and apparatus for ventilating pockets in a twin-wire multi-cylinder dryer of a paper machine which comprises upper and lower lines of drying cylinders, an upper wire guided by surfaces of the upper cylinders and upper guide rolls and a lower wire guided by surfaces of the lower cylinders and lower guide rolls, and wherein the web runs between the upper and lower cylinders over an open draw, includes providing the guide rolls with perforated mantles for directing air flows from their interiors into the pockets, and providing blow boxes with nozzles for directing air flows into the pockets.

Abstract: A guard at the inlet side of the nip of two rolls in a calender has a hollow support for two blocking devices with movable sections extending close to the peripheral surfaces of the rolls to prevent injury to the fingers of an operator. The support defines one or more channels for steam or for another fluid medium which is discharged through one or more rows of ports to moisturize a running web of paper, foil or textile material or to dry, heat or cool the web and/or the rolls.