Abstract: A high-throughput multi-beam telecommunication antenna is configured to cover a geographical area from a geostationary orbit. It comprises a single reflector and a feed block configured so that each elementary feed is able to generate a different unique beam, the angular separation of any two adjacent primary beams is substantially equal to the angular separation of any two adjacent secondary beams, and the spillover energy losses associated with each source are between 3 and 10 dB, preferably between 3 and 7.5 dB.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a vehicle frame, a dielectric panel mounted to the vehicle frame, an antenna unit mounted on the dielectric panel, an electrically conductive bracket connected with the antenna unit, and a resilient ground plate connected with the bracket and the vehicle frame. The dielectric panel can be interposed between the antenna unit and the bracket. The resilient ground plate can facilitate grounding the antenna unit to the vehicle frame. A vehicle antenna unit and an antenna mount for the vehicle antenna unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: A tire pressure detecting apparatus has a micro-controller, a detecting module and a transceiver. The detecting module is electronically connected to the micro-controller and has a tire pressure detecting unit controlled by the micro-controller to detect a tire pressure inside a tire. The transceiver is electronically connected to the micro-controller, transmits a high frequency signal corresponding to detected characteristic tire parameters from the detecting module to a monitoring system inside a car and receives an external high frequency signal sent from external tire pressure detecting apparatus for the micro-controller, with the micro-controller temporarily delaying sending of the high frequency signal until a waiting time has expired to prevent signal collision between the high frequency signal and the external high frequency signal.

Abstract: A monopole antenna (14A) has an ultra wide band and is configured to be capable of receiving/sending at least a frequency modulation signal in an FM band which is a predetermined frequency band of which the reflection coefficient (S11) is less than ?6 dB. If the monopole antenna (14A) is an ultra wide band type one, the monopole antenna (14A) can be used for various purposes such as cellular phones, Wi-Fi, TV, DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast), or the like. Also provided is an antenna assembly consisting of an element formed of a plastic material for vehicle and the monopole antenna (14A) attached to the element of plastic material. The antenna assembly only has to comprise at least one monopole antenna and may comprise two or three monopole antennas (14A). Further, provided is a vehicle including at least one above-described monopole antenna (14A) or the above-described antenna assembly.

Abstract: A window glass of a vehicle having a roof antenna mounted on an upper rear portion of a roof of the vehicle, has a defogger formed, on the rear window glass, by a plurality of horizontal heating lines which are connected with each other at the respective both ends by busbars; a noise shield pattern provided at a head space of the defogger on the rear window glass and having at least three horizontal lines and at least one vertical line that cross each other; and at least three connecting lines that connect the noise shield pattern and the defogger. The noise shield pattern is formed in a symmetrical shape, and the connecting lines connect the noise shield pattern and the defogger symmetrically at center position and symmetrical positions about the center position in right-and-left direction of the noise shield pattern and the defogger.

Abstract: A vehicle antenna assembly is provided with an antenna and a mounting bracket. The antenna includes an elongated mast section and a base section. The mounting bracket includes a first end with an antenna attachment section fixed to the base section of the antenna, a middle section extending downwardly from the antenna attachment section, and a second end with a vehicle attachment section extending from the middle section in a radial direction with respect to a center longitudinal axis of the elongated mast section as viewed along the center longitudinal axis of the elongated mast section. The middle section includes a fulcrum point arranged to engage a portion of the vehicle for pivoting the mounting bracket about the fulcrum point to move the vehicle facing support surface towards the vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cabinet of an electrical apparatus including: a base; a cover to cover over the base; a gasket placed on a top face of the base and nipped between a bottom edge section of the cover and the base; a fastening section to penetrate through the base from a bottom face to the top face of the base to connect to an inner face of the cover and to tighten so that the base is pulled to a cover side; a seal integrally formed with the gasket to surround on the top face of the base a through hole which the fastening section penetrates; and a hood provided on an inner face of the cover so as to surround a connecting portion of the fastening section and the cover, and the hood being pressed against the seal.

Abstract: A guard (120) for an antenna (602) includes a base (206) defined between a front edge (209), a rear edge (211), and two lateral edges (213, 215). A front generally triangular surface (208) extends from the front edge (209) to a narrowed upper edge, a rear generally triangular surface (210) extends from the rear edge (211) to a narrowed upper edge, and two lateral generally triangular surfaces (212, 214), each having a narrowed upper edge, extend from their respective lateral edge (213, 215). The narrowed upper edges form an apex (204), which forms an opening (202). The surfaces (208, 210, 212, 214) at least partially define an internal cavity (304) that encloses a portion (604) of the antenna (602). The front surface (208) is at a first angle (?) relative to a mounting surface (117) and the rear surface (210) is at a second, larger angle (?) relative to the mounting surface (117).

Abstract: An automotive glazing, comprising an antenna connector is disclosed. The glazing comprises at least a first ply of a transparent glazing material, and a ply of a plastics material extending across the ply of glazing material and having a line-like electrical conductor in contact therewith, a portion of the electrical conductor line being configured to form an antenna conductor and a portion being configured to form a coupling region. In addition, a surface contact is provided on the surface of the first ply of glazing material situated away from the plastics material, in registration with the coupling region. The coupling region and the surface contact form a transmission line acting as a bandpass filter for a frequency band f, the portion of the electrical conductor forming the coupling region having a length approximately equal to an odd multiple of a quarter of a first effective wavelength ?eff in the glazing corresponding to f.

Abstract: An antenna (80,90) has a one dimensional or multidimensional array of elements (20,40), wherein spacings between successive elements of at least part of the array are non periodic and correspond to a series of multiples of a unit spacing, the multiples following a Fibonacci sequence. Two dimensional arrays can be arranged as a Fibonacci grid or as a Fibonacci square tiling. The number of elements can be reduced for a given measure of resolution, while still enabling the signal being transmitted or received to have a peak in a single unique direction and thus form a beam. Furthermore, since there will be some elements clustered close together and a few which are well spaced, it can be more suitable for vehicles (30) than a regularly spaced array. It can be used as a transmit antenna or as a receive antenna for a submillimeter radar system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit substrate supporting structure including: a base; a cover to cover over the base; a circuit substrate accommodated in the cover in a state standing on the base; a projecting section provided on the circuit substrate in a state projecting from a bottom edge section of the circuit substrate and placed on the base; an elastic piece placed on the projecting section; and a pressurizing section convexly provided on an inner wall of the cover above the projecting section to be pressed against the projecting section from above the elastic piece.

Abstract: Provided is an in-vehicle patch antenna device which has a reduced size and multiple functions while improving performance. An in-vehicle patch antenna device includes a substrate (10), a ground conductor (20) provided on the substrate (10), an antenna element section (30) and a reporting circuit section (40). The antenna element section (30) has a feeding section (31) and is provided on a surface of the substrate (10) opposite to a surface on which the ground conductor (20) is provided. The reporting circuit section (40) is provided on the substrate (10) and connected around an area in a periphery of the antenna element section (30) at which current distribution is minimal other than the peripheral area thereof where the feeding section (31) is provided.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes an antenna, and a resin material provided between the antenna and a reflector (windshield). The resin material includes portions, and the thickness (or dielectric constant) of each portion of the resin material is determined in accordance with a length of a straight line connecting a feeding point of the antenna, each portion of the resin material, and the reflector. Therefore, a phase of a reflected wave can be easily adjusted, thereby improving a performance of the antenna.

Abstract: A meter support structure for a vehicle includes a leg portion of a meter stay that is joined to a top bracket disposed on an upper end of a steering shaft by way of a mounting portion at a lower end portion of the leg portion. An upper portion of the meter stay is bent rearwardly to form a meter support portion. The meter support portion extends to an area upward of the top bracket and a meter is mounted thereon. The meter is then fitted with a meter cover. A pressure contact portion extends downwardly from a trailing end of the meter support portion. A rubber cushion mounted to the pressure contact portion is pressed up against a receiver member fixed to a side of the top bracket. Support stiffness is thereby enhanced and vibration-proof support is thereby provided.

Abstract: A flat dish antenna includes a plurality of concentric coils, a plurality of eccentric coils, a metal backing, a dielectric material, and an antenna structure. The pluralities of concentric coils and eccentric coils are on a layer of a substrate. A concentric coil has a radiation pattern that is substantially normal to a plane of the concentric coil and an eccentric coil has a radiation pattern that's is offset from normal to a plane of the eccentric coil. The metal backing is on another layer of the substrate and the dielectric material is between the layer and the other layer of the substrate. The concentric coils and the eccentric coils are electrically coupled to the metal backing to produce a distributed inductor-capacitor networking that provides a focal point based on a combination of their radiation patterns. The antenna structure is located proximal to the focal point.

Abstract: An antenna structure for a wireless communication device including a substrate having a first surface that supports an electronic component and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The antenna structure includes a first surface pattern formed on the first surface of the substrate. A second surface pattern is formed on the second surface of the substrate. The second surface pattern is at least partially separated from the first surface pattern in a direction perpendicular to a thicknesswise direction of the substrate.

Abstract: In an automobile rear windowpane antenna apparatus including a defogger disposed on a rear windowpane plate at a lower portion thereof an antenna pattern is disposed above the defogger on the rear windowpane plate at an upper portion thereof and is disposed so as to extend between near a right end edge of a window frame and near a left end edge thereof. A feeding point is disposed inside the antenna pattern.

Abstract: The radar includes a PCB having a top surface and a bottom surface, and a processor mounted on the bottom surface of the PCB. The radar includes a second liquid crystal polymer layer formed on the top surface of the printed circuit board, a second microstrip array printed on the second liquid crystal polymer layer, the second microstrip array having a patch, a first liquid crystal polymer layer formed on the second liquid crystal polymer layer, a first microstrip array printed on the first liquid crystal polymer layer, the first microstrip array having a perforated patch, an antenna positioned underneath the patch and connected to the second microstrip array, and a transmit/receive module connected to a bottom surface of the second liquid crystal polymer layer and configured to transmit a first frequency signal to the first microstrip array and a second frequency signal to the second microstrip array.

Abstract: A covert antenna or radio frequency probe assembly for a motor vehicle includes a substantially planar antenna or probe element including a sheet of electrically conductive material, a first dielectric substrate, and a second dielectric substrate. A connector is coupled to the antenna element and is adapted to supply electrical energy to the antenna or probe element from an electrical power source. The antenna or probe element is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the first substrate is bonded to the second substrate to form a substantially planar antenna or probe assembly. The antenna or probe assembly has the form of a motor vehicle mud guard or another substantially planar motor vehicle component.

Abstract: A sensor device, in particular a radar sensor device for a motor vehicle, in whose beam path at least one antenna exciter and at least one lens are situated, in which at least one diaphragm having a variable azimuthal opening width for realizing a variable azimuthal detection range of the radar sensor device is situated in the beam path between the at least one antenna exciter and the at least one lens.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radio wave transmission cover having superior design and radio wave transmissibility. The radio wave transmission cover includes a front side member (1), a rear side member (5) and a connection layer (6). The front side member (1) and the rear side member (5) are formed separately and are integrated with each other by the connection layer (6). Furthermore, the distance between the front side member (1) and the rear side member (5) in the front-to-rear direction ranges from 0.01 mm to 0.4 mm.

Abstract: A motor-vehicle tyre includes a sidewall and a member with an electronic device, a generally and substantially linear-shaped rectilinear wire antenna, and means of electrical connection between the wire antenna and the electronic device. The member is embedded in the sidewall in an arrangement such that the antenna is oriented circumferentially with respect to the tyre and the connection means is oriented in a radial direction of the tyre. The wire antenna is integrally offset radially on one side of the electronic device.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an antenna (e.g., a monopole), a first load, and a second load. The antenna, which extends substantially along an axis, has a first end and a second end. The first load is coupled to the antenna at the first end, while the second load is coupled to the antenna between the first end and the second end. Both the first and second loads are symmetrical with reference to the axis. The apparatus is arranged to operate in at least two frequency bands, such as the AMPS band from about 824 MHz to 894 MHz and the PCS band from about 1850 MHz to 1990 MHz.

Abstract: A broadband, high-gain, active antenna system is disclosed, which operates with a bi-directive reception pattern while in its standard configuration and with a directive reception pattern over several octaves of Radio Frequency (RF) spectrum when affixed with a tuned scatter-plate. As a standalone active antenna system the disclosed antenna probe element and the amplifier subassembly exhibit the bi-directional directive properties of a standard fixed length dipole, while the addition of a scatter-plate makes the antenna directive with separate frequency-dependant directive modes. The scatter-plate can be tuned such that these separate directive modes occur at convenient areas of the RF frequency spectrum. Other means of achieving directivity are disclosed using the antenna probe element and the amplifier subassembly.

Abstract: An antenna diversity system for radio reception for motor vehicles, which comprises a multi-antenna system having several antennas with antenna feed lines. There can be a diversity switching device for selection of a different reception signal, and an evaluation circuit which evaluates the reception quality of the reception signal just arriving at the receiver. This evaluation circuit is designed to bring a different reception signal in terms of diversity to the receiver if interference occurs, by switching over. This design also includes at least one phase rotation device which is disposed along at least one of the signal paths.

Abstract: A multilayer antenna arrangement is distinguished in particular by the following features: a further patch antenna (B) comprising a dielectric carrier and a radiation plane is provided above the base portion or central portion of the patch arrangement, the radiation plane being provided on the upper side, opposite the base portion or central portion, of the dielectric carrier, and the further patch antenna (B) is buried at least in part in the parasitic patch arrangement, which is configured so as to be box-shaped or box-like, and/or the parasitic patch arrangement which is configured so as to be box-shaped or box-like is formed, completely or in part, as electrically conductive planes, which are provided on the further patch antenna (B) at least in partial regions on the circumferential edge surface or outer surface thereof.

Abstract: The invention concerns an orthogonal loop radiofrequency antenna device designed to receive electromagnetic waves comprising at least two loops (BH, BV) consisting of a single electrical conductor, each of said loops (BH, BV) capable of having a particular shape and located in their respective plane, said planes containing each one of said loops (BH, BV) being orthogonal, and the radiofrequency antenna being located proximate a low frequency antenna.

Abstract: A mobile radar array system comprising a towable platform having a pair of wheels operably coupled thereto, the wheels adapted for rolling along a road surface; and an antenna array mounted on a side of at least one of the wheels, the antenna array, when energized, capable of providing a radiation pattern for detecting a moving object.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aircraft undercarriage including at least one axle having at least one wheel mounted to rotate thereon, the undercarriage including a communication device for connecting a sensor mounted on a rim of the wheel to stationary processor means mounted on the aircraft. According to the invention, the communication device comprises firstly an antenna secured to the sensor and thus rotating together with the wheel, and secondly a stationary antenna extending at the end of the axle and connected to the processor means, the two antennas being in radio communication through a cover of non-conductive material secured to the wheel and covering the end of the axle.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus of the present invention has an antenna having a core (2) around which an insulative covered conductor (3) is wound. The core has a magnetic core (1) and a wiring layer which are laminated on each other. The magnetic core (1) is made of flexible soft magnetic material. A wiring space is formed inside of the antenna apparatus. With this structure, the packing density is enhanced.

Abstract: A vehicular glass antenna which is provided in an upper blank space of defogging heater strips of a rear window glass of the vehicle, the vehicular glass antenna includes: an AM broadcast wave receiving antenna including; a plurality of horizontal strips arranged at intervals, at least two vertical strips which are orthogonal to the horizontal strips, and which are apart from each other, and an AM feed point located between the vertical strips, on uppermost one of the horizontal strips or through an extension line extending from a portion of the uppermost one of the horizontal strips, and two FM broadcast wave receiving antennas extending, respectively, from two FM feed points provided above the uppermost one of the horizontal strips of the AM broadcast wave receiving antenna on left and right sides of the AM feed point, along a part of an outermost portion of the AM broadcast wave receiving antenna, the FM broadcast wave receiving antennas extending, respectively, in opposite directions of a clockwise direct

Abstract: In a multiband antenna system for a vehicle windshield, an antenna conductor structure is provided in lateral recesses of the heating conductor field. The antenna conductor structure is non-electrically coupled to the heating conductor field with low resistance using high-frequency technology. This system ensures defrosting of the vehicle windshield in the entire wiped area without being affected by the antenna conductor structure.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a wired communications interface, an antenna, and antenna system control circuitry. The wired communications interface is operable to couple to a serviced host device and includes a control interface and an antenna interface. The antenna couples to the antenna interface and has configurable antenna characteristics. The antenna system control circuitry couples to the control interface and to the antenna and is operable to communicate the configurable antenna characteristics to the host device and to configure the antenna based upon communication with the host device. In other constructs the antenna may not be configurable and the antenna characteristics communicated are fixed. The antenna system may further include Radio Frequency (RF) transmit circuitry and/or RF transmit circuitry. Such RF transmit circuitry and RF receive circuitry may be configurable or fixed in its operations.

Abstract: A wide-bandwidth antenna (e.g., a rib-dipole antenna) includes a first pole formed by a first conductive member and/or a second pole formed by a second conductive member. The antenna also includes an antenna feed between the first conductive member and the second conductive member. The antenna also includes at least one electrically conductive element including a surface. A portion of the surface is electrically connected to, and extends from, the first conductive member or the second conductive member. The at least one electrically conductive element is capable of conducting a current that generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field lowers a total reactance of the antenna, thereby resulting in enhanced performance of the antenna and more efficient use of volume.

Abstract: An improved beam shaping means for an external and/or roof antenna has a parasitic beam shaping means configured at a distance below the upper or outer surface of the electrically non-conductive region of the vehicle structure. The parasitic beam shaping means is configured, provided or attached in the material of the electrically non-conductive region of the vehicle structure or at the underside or inside of the electrically non-conductive region of the vehicle structure. The parasitic beam shaping means is arranged and/or configured in such a way that it, viewed from above, protrudes laterally beyond, at least in certain portions. The antenna mounting region or portion and/or an optionally provided counterweight surface and/or is arranged laterally thereto.

Abstract: A plurality of antennas are arranged on the fringe of a monitor supported by a device body such that the antennas are located in a floating manner from a display surface and the central axis of these directional patterns is disposed in a vertical direction to the display surface; these antennas are enclosed within the outer frame; and further electroconductive members reflecting electric waves are located away from the antennas, to thus establish a virtual GND plane to be formed on the rear of an antenna.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to an antenna wire embedded in a windshield, and/or vehicle incorporating the same. In certain example embodiments, an antenna wire may be embedded in an interlayer (e.g., a PVB interlayer) that is surrounded by two substrates (e.g., glass substrates). The antenna wire includes a fixed end electrically connected to a component (e.g., a bus bar) and a free end mechanically held in the interlayer via an adhesive (e.g., an adhesive tape). Thus, it may be possible to reduce distortion of the antenna wire and/or cause the antenna wire to be disposed in a manner that more closely conforms to a predetermined pattern. In certain example embodiments, the adhesive may be located at a non-visible portion of the windshield. In certain other example embodiments, the adhesive may be located at a visible portion of the windshield, and it optionally may be substantially transparent and/or provided in an aesthetically pleasing fashion.

Abstract: A vehicle 16 includes a vehicle body 30. A satellite antenna 18 is mounted within the vehicle body 30. A satellite transmissive panel 40 is coupled to the vehicle body 30 adjacent to the antenna 18. The satellite antenna may be mounted within the passenger compartment 20 or within the trunk 90 of the vehicle 16.

Abstract: A satellite tracking system for tracking a synchronous satellite includes a satellite antenna system movably supported on a roof of a vehicle via a roof frame to move between an operation position and a folded position. At the operation position, the satellite antenna system is rotated on the roof frame to adjust a horizontal orientation of a parabolic reflector of the satellite antenna system while the parabolic reflector is pivotally lift at a predetermined inclination angle to align with the satellite. At the folded position, the parabolic reflector is pivotally dropped down until the parabolic reflector faces downwardly to the roof of the vehicle to conceal a signal transmitting device of the satellite antenna system between the parabolic reflector and the roof of the vehicle. Therefore, the satellite antenna system provides a relatively low profile at the folded position when the vehicle travels.

Abstract: The automotive radar includes a printed circuit board having a top surface and a bottom surface, and a processor mounted on the bottom surface of the printed circuit board. The automotive radar also includes a second liquid crystal polymer layer formed on the top surface of the printed circuit board, a second microstrip array printed on the second liquid crystal polymer layer, the second microstrip array having a patch, a first liquid crystal polymer layer formed on the second liquid crystal polymer layer, a first microstrip array printed on the first liquid crystal polymer layer, the first microstrip array having a perforated patch, and a transmit/receive module connected to a bottom surface of the second liquid crystal polymer layer and configured to transmit a first frequency signal to the first microstrip array and a second frequency signal to the second microstrip array.

Abstract: A valve-integrated transponder includes an air valve and a casing that are integrated with each other, and is disposed within a tire. The casing houses a substrate having a detecting element mounted thereon, an inverse F antenna element, and a supporting member. The antenna element has a substantially line symmetrical shape where a pair of radiation conductors extend away from each other. A longitudinal direction of the substrate is substantially perpendicular to an axial direction of the air valve, and a lateral direction of the substrate is inclined relative to a well of a wheel rim. The two radiation conductors of the antenna element disposed on the substrate are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the substrate, so as to be disposed substantially in parallel to the well that extends at the inner side of the transponder as viewed in the radial direction of the tire.

Abstract: A valve-integrated transponder includes an air valve and a casing that are integrated with each other, and is disposed within a tire. The air valve is press-fitted to a valve hole in a wheel rim. The casing houses a substrate having a detecting element mounted thereon, an inverse F antenna element, a supporting member, and the like, and is provided with a partition-like reinforcement rib. The reinforcement rib extends along an extension of an axis of the air valve and is loosely fitted in a recessed slot of the supporting member. The antenna element supported by the supporting member has a substantially line symmetrical shape where a pair of radiation conductors symmetrically extend away from each other.

Abstract: An in-vehicle device transmits a response request signal to inside and outside of a vehicle and performs a predetermined control when receiving a response signal from a specific portable device.

Abstract: An elevation mechanism for a satellite antenna system. The elevation mechanism includes tilt links or arms, lift links, and a linear actuator with an adjustable length leg arrangement. Each tilt arm is pivotally mounted at its inner and outer end portions to the base or azimuth plate of the system and to the back of the dish of the system. Similarly, each lift link is pivotally mounted at its inner and outer end portions to the base and to the back of the dish. The linear actuator in turn is pivotally mounted at its inner end portion to the base and at its outer end portion to the lift links. In operation, the linear actuator can be moved between extended and retracted positions to cause the dish to move between its stowed position facing downwardly and a deployed position facing upwardly of the horizon at a targeted satellite.

Abstract: A monostatic multi-beam radar sensor for motor vehicles, having a group antenna, a planar lens having multiple inputs, and a homodyne mixer system, wherein the mixer system comprises multiple transfer mixers that are connected in parallel to the inputs of the lens.

Abstract: An antenna structure for a TPMS (Tire pressure Monitoring System) transmitter is disclosed herein. A TPMS transmitter couples with a valve so that a spiral coil within the TPMS transmitter can be electrically connected to a conduct body of the valve to get a specific resonance frequency. Hence, the length of the antenna structure can be increased effectively and the efficacy can be raised.

Abstract: An antenna connecting structure includes a shielded cable including: a core wire; an inner sheath covering the core wire; a shielding member covering the inner sheath; and an outer sheath covering the shielding member, wherein one end of the core wire, the inner sheath and the shielding member are exposed at one end of the shielded cable in the longitudinal direction, an antenna member including: a dielectric body; and an antenna conductor which has an antenna portion molded in the dielectric body, and a terminal portion formed integrally with the antenna portion and press-clamped or press-contacted to the one end portion of the core wire, and a conductive ground terminal including: a receiving portion for holding the dielectric body so that the ground terminal does not contact the antenna conductor and the core wire; a shielding member grasping portion for grasping one end of the shielding member.

Abstract: A helical antenna includes a ground plate, a first helical portion spirally wound perpendicular to the plate, a second helical portion spirally wound perpendicular to the plate and surrounding the first helical portion radially outward of the first helical portion, and a feeder circuit. The circuit includes an oscillator, a divider connected to the oscillator, a first phase shifter connected between a first output terminal of the divider and a feeding point of the first helical portion, and a second phase shifter connected between a second output terminal of the divider and a feeding point of the second helical portion. Length of one turn of the first helical portion is equal to a result of multiplication of a wavelength of oscillation of the oscillator by N. Length of one turn of the second helical portion is equal to a result of multiplication of the wavelength by M (M>N).

Abstract: Composite structures having an integral intelligent skin are made of one or more plies of a structural base material and an intelligent or smart film by molding one or more plies and the film into an integral unitary body with the intelligent film outermost. The intelligent or smart film contains or bears a functionally active or interactive component such as antennae, electronic sensors, electric and/or electronic circuitry, and/or spectrally tailored coatings. A method of making the composite structure in a very economical manner is disclosed.

Abstract: An antenna mounting assembly includes a stopper, a side wall, a retainer, and a fall-prevention latch on an instrument panel side of the assembly as an integral part of the panel. The fall-prevention latch and a folded part are engaged with each other for holding an antenna body. On the other hand, the antenna body is released from the instrument panel by disengaging the fall-prevention latch from the folded part.