Abstract: A method performed by a physical computing system for determining a layout of graphic objects (802) according to a layout density map (300) includes generating the layout density map (300), the layout density map (300) having low density regions (302) and high density regions (304); providing a set of candidate locations (402) within the layout density map (302), a number of the candidate locations (402) being equal to a number of the graphic objects (802), the candidate locations (402) being arranged away from the low density regions (302) and from other the candidate locations (402); and overlaying the layout density map (300) with the graphic objects (402), each graphic object (802) being disposed at one of the candidate locations (402).

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer program products, are provided for changing the look of an image. In some implementations a computer-implemented method is provided. The method includes decomposing a first image using a first plurality of wavelet transforms, each first wavelet transform creating a first transformation resolution, each first transformation resolution having respective first data, and decomposing a second image using a second plurality of wavelet transforms, each second wavelet transform creating a second transformation resolution, each second transformation resolution having respective second data. The method also includes determining a first measure of texture for each first transformation resolution's respective data, applying each first transformation resolution's first measure of texture to each corresponding second transformation resolution's data, and recomposing the second image based on the modified second transformation resolutions.

Abstract: The present approach increases bandwidth by performing at least two functions at the pre-processing level. Specifically, under the present approach, program code is structured so that the segmentation and binarization functions/modules (and optionally a blob analysis function/module) are merged into a single module to reduce memory bandwidth. In addition, each image frame is segmented into a plurality of partitions (e.g., vertical strips) to enhance the reusability of the image data in LS already fetched from main memory. Each partition is then processed by a separate one of a plurality of processing engines, thereby increasing the utilization of all processing engines and allowing the processing engines to maintain good bandwidth.

Abstract: Displays systems and methods for dithering input image data to reduce quantization errors in a display system include inputting input image data to be rendered by said display system; applying a gamma table to the input image data to create a first intermediate image data; applying a dithering pattern, the dithering pattern comprising a checkerboard pattern, the checkerboard pattern depending upon the subpixel layout of the display. The display system may include a separate gamma table for each input color channel and apply the separate gamma table to perform white point adjustments for the display system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display including, a digital signal processing circuit that processes pixel data, a digital-to-analog conversion circuit that converts pixel data that has been subjected to signal processing into an analog signal for driving a display device, and an error data addition circuit that is provided at a previous stage of the digital-to-analog conversion circuit and adds error data to all pixel data of a corresponding screen in sync with a vertical synchronization signal, the error data having one value per one screen.

Abstract: A method and a device for encoding the video level of a pixel of a picture into a subfield code word in a display device using a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) technology and subfields for displaying video picture. The bits of the subfield code word are computed recursively one after the other from the bit having the most significant weight to the bit having the least significant weight. In determining the state of a bit of the subfield code word, a first threshold and a second threshold is associated with the bit, the second threshold being greater than the first threshold, and the video level to be encoded by this bit and its following bits in the subfield code word are compared to the first and second thresholds. A state is allocated to the bit based on the comparison.

Abstract: An image processing method is a method for correcting both an image quality of an overall image and an image quality of a partial image with excellent balance.

Abstract: A system for modification of an image to be displayed on a display includes receiving an input image and adjusting a luminance level for a backlight of the display for displaying the input image based upon an ambient lighting level and a visual system responsive model to the ambient lightening level.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed to enable the creation and the display of spatio-temporal dithered images. Embodiments include techniques that use color-shifting and luminance. In one embodiment, adjacent pixels are color-shifted with respect to each other and the color values of the adjacent pixels are temporally alternated with color values of pixels in the group. In another embodiment, the luminance of group of adjacent pixels is determined and the luminance of the group is made more homogenous spatially and temporally by distributing color variations over a larger number of pixels so as to reduce the luminance difference between the pixel with the least luminance and the pixel with the greatest luminance. Individual color components (e.g., red, green, blue) may also be separated and used so that the color-shifts associated with each color component may be simultaneously present in different pixels.

Abstract: In an implementation, a pixel is selected from a target digital image. Multiple candidate pixels, from one or more digital images, are evaluated based on values of the multiple candidate pixels. For the selected pixel, a corresponding set of pixels is determined from the multiple candidate pixels based on the evaluations of the multiple candidate pixels and on whether a predetermined threshold number of pixels have been included in the corresponding set. Further for the selected pixel, a substitute value is determined based on the values of the pixels in the corresponding set of pixels. Various implementations described provide adaptive pixel-based spatio-temporal filtering of images or video to reduce film grain or noise. Implementations may achieve an “even” amount of noise reduction at each pixel while preserving as much picture detail as possible by, for example, averaging each pixel with a constant number, N, of temporally and/or spatially correlated pixels.

Abstract: Display systems that employ input gamma dithering and dynamic backlight control. Embodiments relate to disabling input gamma dithering during periods when there is a change in the scale value by which image data is scaled due to dynamic backlight control. In this manner, input gamma dithering is selectively applied only during those times when data scaling due to dynamic backlight control is constant.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling picture quality of a flat panel display. The apparatus for controlling picture quality of the flat panel display includes a position determining unit which determines a display position of digital video data; a gray-level determining unit which determines a gray-level value of the digital video data; and a frame rate control unit that disperses a plurality of dither patterns determined by a compensation value for compensating for brightness in a boundary between the panel defect region and the non-defect region during a plurality of frame periods and controls data, which will be displayed in the boundary, by the compensation value, if the digital video data is determined to the data which will be displayed in the boundary between the panel defect region and the non-defect region according to the determined result of the position determining unit.

Abstract: Displays such as televisions, computer monitors, and the like may boost (124) the dynamic range of input image data (121). Dithering (128) may be provided to mitigate artefacts made visible as a result of the boosting. Color correction (124) may be implemented. The color correction may compensate for differences between a color of a backlight and a desired white point.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, for reducing artifacts in a color sequential display system. A frame of a digital image is displayed by receiving frame data, determining dither patterns, applying the dither patterns to the data, and displaying the dithered data. Each pixel of a frame of a digital image is displayed by receiving pixel data, grouping the pixel data for the color channels of the image into a plurality of sub-groups of pixel data; and displaying the pixel according to a sequence that separates each pair of sub-groups for a color channel by a sub-group for another color channel. Modified pixel data can be generated by replacing parent bits in the pixel data with corresponding pluralities of divided child bits, where all the child bits for a given parent bit have a divided weight that adds up to the parent bit's weight.

Abstract: Computer-implemented methods and apparati for graphically displaying deformations, said deformations defined by comparing a first image of an object (1) with a second image of the same or a different object (1). A method embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of scanning an object (1) twice to produce first and second images; tabulating deformations and converting said tabulated deformations into a scalar property over a preselected range; quantizing the range into a set of discrete quantization intervals; assigning a unique color out of a discrete or quasi-continuous set of colors to each quantization interval to produce a color overlay; and simultaneously displaying the color overlay and a representation of at least one of the first and second images, whereby said deformations are readily viewable in color.

Abstract: A color computer output is dynamically converted into a monochrome computer output based on a stored profile. The stored profile may be for a piece of hardware (e.g., a monochrome printer), or a user (e.g., a color-blind user).

Abstract: A method for image processing for a liquid crystal display comprising determining a dithered image and an interpolated based upon the image. The images are blended to form a blended image for displaying on the display.

Abstract: A projection system comprising an information processing apparatus capable of processing image data and a projector capable of performing a display process on the image data processed by the information processing apparatus, when the bit number representing the number of gradations of pixel data transmitted from the information processing apparatus to the projector is n-bit and the bit number representing the number of gradations which can be expressed by the projector is m-bit (m>n). The image processing apparatus outputs image data where m-bit pixel data is divided into k-pieces of pixel data of at most n-bits, and the projector synthesizes the k-pieces of pixel data based on a set synthesis rule to generate the m-bit pixel data in the pixel.

Abstract: Restriction information on a total colorant amount for a medium is obtained. Patches at grid points in a color space corresponding to a plurality of colorants at which the total colorant amount falls within a restriction represented by the restriction information, and a patch at a point surrounded by the patches are generated. Color values are obtained by measuring the colors of the patches printed on the medium. It is determined based on a color prediction value between the grid points whether the measured color values are appropriate, and if so, a color value at a grid point at which the total colorant amount exceeds the restriction is estimated based on the measured color values. A color separation table is created based on the measured color values and the estimated value.

Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of a code amount estimated by using a predictive residual when coding at a low data rate, an encoder is utilized to perform picture coding processing on a picture to be coded which is an input signal, by using a technique such as H.264. Specifically, a code amount predictor predicts the code amount on the basis of an evaluation value obtained by predictive-residual code amount evaluation value generating unit, a coding-condition code amount evaluation value generating unit, and a motion-vector-information code amount evaluation value generating unit. The predicted code amount is used for controlling coding in the encoder.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus, a computer readable medium and the like in which a dither effect in a neighborhood of a highlight area can be obtained easily and certainly. For this purpose, an image processing apparatus includes an inputting unit which inputs a pixel signal group representing a field image, an averaging unit (21-2 and 21-3) which performs a processing having an averaging effect among the pixel signal group input by the inputting unit, and an irregularizing unit (21-4) which irregularizes mutually continuous signal-values at least near a saturated level among the pixel signal group after having been processed by the averaging unit, into discontinuous signal-values.

Abstract: The color printing control device outputs color material reduction processed data generated by applying a color material reduction process to each pixel of bitmaps converted to color material colors to be used in printing, when it is judged that the color material reduction printing mode is specified. The color material reduction process includes chroma conversion that reduces chroma and under-color removal/black generation that replaces at least a portion of achromatic components generated by overlaying of a plurality of color materials.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide a method for characterizing the optical display properties of a display. ISO-Inversion and ISO-Contrast charts are generated to pinpoint limitations in the display and trouble shoot the same.

Abstract: A pixel dithering driving method and a timing controller using the same are provided. The method uses the N low order bits of M bits together with at least one virtual bit to build several pixel dithering patterns. After the timing controller uses M bits of data received by the timing controller to look up a specific high order bit value, a specific low order bit value, and a specific pixel dithering value corresponding to the M bits in a predetermined gray level look up table and decides the output gray levels according to the specific high order bit value, the timing controller can further select a specific pixel dithering pattern from the pixel dithering patterns mentioned above according to the specific low order bit value and the specific pixel dithering value.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dithering for multi-toning are provided. The apparatus includes a mask-pattern-generating unit that generates a mask pattern on R channel, G channel and B channel by selecting pattern values constituting the mask pattern on the channels based on randomly-determined seed values; a spatial-weight-determining unit that determines the weight for spatial dithering by using the pattern values and K-bit LSB data of the high-tone input image; and an output unit that outputs an M-bit image by applying the weight to M-bit input image data, exempting the K-bit LSB data, in a dithering apparatus for expressing an M+K bit high-tone input image in an M-bit low-tone output device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise methods and systems for brightness preservation using a smoothed gain map.

Abstract: A color image comprises color values in each of one or more color channels for each of a plurality of points, or pixels, within the image. The image is represented by rank ordering the values in the or each color channel. The image representation generated in this way is usable for automated-vision or computer-vision tasks, for example.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for automatically improving the contrast of an input image that is obtained from a digital camera or the like, and obtaining a sharper and clearing image. A contrast improvement unit performs a contrast improvement process on the input image by comparing an object pixel in the input image with pixels in the surrounding area. An image combination unit combines the enhanced image obtained by the contrast improvement process with the input image. The combined image is then output to a desired device such as a printer by an image output unit.

Abstract: A histogram generating section generates a histogram for each channel of a color space which shows colors of pixels constituting an image, in which tone levels of said channel are divided into plural intervals as classes, and frequency of appearance of tone levels of the pixels in each interval is shown as degree. An interval extraction section extracts the intervals in each of which the frequency of appearance becomes local maximal value. A score calculation section calculates scores of the extracted intervals. The score indicates visibility of color to human based on human color sense. An interval selection section selects one or more extracted interval to be representative color, based on the calculated scores. A representative color extraction section generates the representative colors based on tone levels of the selected intervals.

Abstract: A sketch image is generated based on a brightness of a pixel block that includes a pixel and at least one pixel surrounding the pixel. An output gray scale of the specific pixel is adjusted based on whether an input gray scale of the specific pixel is higher than the representative value. Accordingly, the display apparatus may generate a clear sketch image.

Abstract: Methods and systems for displaying assistance messages to aircraft operators are disclosed. A method in accordance with one embodiment includes receiving an input from an aircraft operator at an aircraft flight deck, comparing a characteristic of the input to at least one target value for the characteristic, and, if the characteristic of the input differs from the at least one target value for the characteristic by at least a threshold amount, displaying an assistance message to the aircraft operator. The assistance message can include a complying input and/or an instruction for creating a complying input. The input and the assistance message can be displayed simultaneously.

Abstract: Tuning sizes of cells of an interpolated lookup table may be performed based at least in part on an area specific behavior of a quality metric. A weighted input shaper curve may be determined to reduce interpolation errors in a multi-dimensional color lookup table. An initial input shaper curve may be applied to a color lookup table to create an interpolation result. The interpolation result may then be assessed for accuracy. The accuracy assessment may include comparing the interpolation result with a reference representation. An interpolation error may be calculated as the error between one or more intervals in a prospective color lookup table as compared to a reference representation. The weighted input shaper curve may be based at least in part on the calculated interpolation error.

Abstract: An encoding method to encode image data comprising a sequence of blocks with a predetermined compression rate in one pass is disclosed. The blocks are divided into two sets, a first set and a second set. The blocks in the first set are encoded within the sum of an available bit length and a predetermined lending bit length. The blocks are encoded in the second set within the available bit length. A lending bit length is updated when the current bit length is larger than the available bit length. The left bit length is updated when the current bit length is not larger than the available bit length. The left bit length and the lending bit length are adjusted when the current block is in the second set, the lending bit length is positive and the left bit length is larger than a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method for applying the same dithering table to different flat panels and a display panel driving method using the same. The method for applying the same dithering table to different flat panels is mainly to set different dot counts between different panels on the rows, in which pixels are shifted, so that the display data of scan lines, in which the pixels are shifted, is shifted by the dot counts when the display data is substituted into the dithering table. Thus, even if different display panels use the same dithering table, the display entropy can be uniformly distributed.

Abstract: A method for generating a lookup table for color correction for a display device includes obtaining measured stimulus values for grayscales of primaries displayed on the display device, obtaining target stimulus values for the grayscales of the primaries, and obtaining the lookup table by comparing the measured stimulus values for the grayscales of the primaries and the target stimulus values for the grayscales of the primaries. The present invention employs the measured display characteristic to calculate the corresponding lookup table for color correction for the display device for achieving desired color temperature and brightness curve. It makes the adjustment of color temperature and brightness more accurate and quicker to reduce cost.

Abstract: A method for processing video data for display on a display device having a plurality of luminous elements comprising: applying a dithering function based on single ones of said luminous elements to at least part of said video data to refine the grey scale portrayal of video pictures of said video data, computing at least one motion vector from said video data, and changing at least one of the phase, amplitude, spatial resolution and temporal resolution of said dithering function in accordance with said at least one motion vector when applying the dithering function to said video data.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal display device which can perform image display in both modes: a reflective mode where external light is used as an illumination light source; and a transmissive mode where a backlight is used. In one pixel, a region where incident light through a liquid crystal layer is reflected to perform display (reflective region) and a region through which light from the backlight passes to perform display (transmissive region) are provided, and image display can be performed in both modes: the reflective mode where external light is used as an illumination light source; and the transmissive mode where the backlight is used as an illumination light source. In addition, two transistors connected to respective pixel electrode layers are provided in one pixel, and the two transistors are separately operated, whereby display of the reflective region and display of the transmissive region can be controlled independently.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for applying desired effects to a stored image. The apparatus comprises an optical reader; a feed mechanism for feeding a card having an array of dots past the optical reader; an optical reader interface that is connected to the optical reader, the optical reader interface able to control the optical reader to detect a data area on the card, to detect a bit pattern corresponding to the array of dots in the data area, and to produce raw data from the bit pattern while the card is being fed past the optical reader, the raw data used to produce an image processing script; and, a processor that is connected to the optical reader interface to receive and apply the image processing script to the stored image to generate an output image with the desired effects. The array of dots defines a first resolution and the optical reader has a sensor with a second resolution at least twice the first resolution.

Abstract: A display apparatus that displays a picture based on a video signal, including a moving picture determiner that determines whether the video signal is used for displaying a moving picture; a moving picture gradation level table that stores information about a moving picture gradation level group for displaying the moving picture; a still picture gradation level table storing information about a still picture gradation level group including a predetermined number of gradation levels in consideration of a gradation level difference between the gradation levels of adjacent gradation levels in the case where the gradation level difference between the adjacent gradation levels of the moving picture gradation level group is larger than a predetermined reference gradation level difference; and a gradation level converter that converts the video signal to have the gradation level of the moving picture gradation level group or the still picture gradation level group according to results of the determination.

Abstract: A dithering method includes: utilizing a plurality of large dithering masks to perform dithering on a first set of Least Significant Bits (LSBs) of M-bit video data, utilizing a plurality of small dithering masks to perform dithering on a second set of LSBs of the M-bit video data, and adjusting the content of at least one of the plurality of large dithering masks and/or the content of at least one of the plurality of small dithering masks on a frame-by-frame basis. Each of the plurality of large dithering masks includes a plurality of sub-dithering masks. Each of the plurality of sub-dithering masks includes a plurality of dithering thresholds. Each of the plurality of small dithering masks includes a plurality of dithering thresholds.

Abstract: An electrophoresis display includes a temperature sensor, a memory, a central processing unit and a display unit. The temperature sensor senses and outputs a present temperature. The memory stores a temperature characteristic table. The central processing unit is electrically coupled to the temperature sensor and the memory. The central processing unit receives the present temperature and reads the temperature characteristic table for matching the present temperature with the temperature characteristic table to obtain and output a drive level or timing. The display unit is electrically coupled to the central processing unit for receiving the drive level or timing and displaying according to the drive level.

Abstract: In a method for determining weighting factors for the color calculation of a color value of texels for a footprint covering a plurality of texels in a texel grid, in a graphic system, form information of the footprint is determined at first. Afterwards, the edges of the footprint are determined and the edges determined in this way are approximated by a staircase function. The texels of the texel grid contacted by the staircase function are determined and a weighting factor is determined for each texel containing a portion of the staircase function, depending on the subarea of the respective texel covered by the footprint.

Abstract: The challenge of the present invention is to prevent a crook line part of a dotted line from being displayed in half tone. The present invention is contrived to calculate a center coordinate of a texture pixel in a zone including a reference texture beginning point coordinate S_Begin as reference texture corrected beginning point coordinate S_Begin?. It is followed by calculating a center coordinate of a texture pixel in a zone including a reference texture end coordinate S_End as reference texture corrected end coordinate S_End?. A crook line part of a dotted line is drawn by fixing a reference coordinate to the S_Begin? or S_End? if a pixel to be drawn exists within a fixing section.

Abstract: Sub-pixel rendering with gamma adjustment allows the luminance of the sub-pixel arrangement to match the non-linear gamma response of the human eye's luminance channel. For each of a subset of input sampled data indicating a region of an input image, a gamma-adjusted data value is generated for each input image data value in the subset using a local average of at least two input image data values. A sub-pixel rendering operation uses the subset of gamma-adjusted data values and the subset of input image data values to produce an output data value for each sub-pixel element on the display panel. A plurality of output data values collectively indicates an output image. The gamma adjustment allows the sub-pixel rendering to operate independently of the actual gamma of a display device. The sub-pixel rendering techniques with gamma adjustment may improve image contrast in high spatial frequency portions of an image.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit includes a plurality of data hold circuits that are associated with a plurality of pixel columns arranged in a pixel arranged area where a plurality of pixels are arranged in matrix, each of the plurality of data hold circuits being configured to hold data which is to be supplied to the pixel column; and a plurality of selectors, each selector being configured to selectively supply, based on whether a shift process for dithering is to be performed or not, one of outputs of a pair of data hold circuits coupled to said selector to the pixel column included in a pair of pixel columns that is associated with said pair of data hold circuits, said pair of pixel columns comprising pixel columns positioned side by side in the pixel arranged area.

Abstract: A programmable system for dithering video data. The system is operable in at least two user-selectable modes which can include a small kernel mode and a large kernel mode. In some embodiments, the system is operable in at least one mode in which it applies two or more kernels (each from a different kernel sequence) to each block of video words. Each kernel sequence repeats after a programmable number of the blocks (e.g., a programmable number of frames containing the blocks) have been dithered. The period of repetition is preferably programmable independently for each kernel sequence. The system preferably includes a frame counter for each kernel sequence. Each counter generates an interrupt when the number of frames of data dithered by kernels of the sequence has reached a predetermined value. In response to the interrupt, software can change the kernel sequence being applied. Typically, the system performs both truncation and dithering on words of video data.

Abstract: A method and display device for correcting spatial non-uniformity in a display device are provided. The method includes receiving color signals of a pixel to receive the pixel, extracting correction data for correcting adjacent representative color signals which represent areas adjacent to the received pixel, and correcting the adjacent representative color signals using correction data and correcting the color signals of the pixel using the corrected adjacent representative color signals.

Abstract: A three-dimensional halftone screen is provided that is suited for multilevel printing. The three-dimensional halftone screen includes a plurality of planes each corresponding to one or more input intensity levels of an input RIPped pixel. Within the planes are screen dots, each associated with one or more output exposure intensity values representing an intensity of an exposure dot corresponding to the input RIPped pixel.

Abstract: A circuit dithers pixel data on a display, and includes a lookup table module, a dithering parameter decoder, a first adder, a second adder, and an overflow handling module. A lookup table of the lookup table module stores dithering parameters generated by encoding odd and even pixel dithering parameters. The dithering parameter decoder generates second and third dithering parameters corresponding to odd and even pixels from a first dithering parameter. The first adder generates a dithered odd pixel parameter according to the odd pixel parameter and the second dithering parameter. The second adder generates a dithered even pixel parameter according to the even pixel parameter and the third dithering parameter. The overflow handling module checks for overflow, and generates an output odd pixel parameter according to the dithered odd pixel parameter, and generates an output even pixel parameter according to the dithered even pixel parameter.

Abstract: A flat panel display device and a picture quality controlling method thereof is provided. The flat panel display device includes a display panel. A memory stores location information about a panel defect location on the display panel and a compensation value to be dispersed for a plurality of frame periods. A compensating part detects the data to be displayed at the panel defect location and adjusts the data to be displayed at the panel defect location with the compensation value from the memory.