Abstract: A liquid droplet jetting apparatus includes: a nozzle plate formed with a nozzle; a first flow passage formation body stacked on the nozzle plate and formed with a liquid flow passage including a pressure chamber in communication with the nozzle; a piezoelectric element arranged on a surface of the first flow passage formation body on the side opposite to the nozzle plate and configured to apply a pressure to a liquid in the pressure chamber; and a second flow passage formation body arranged on the side opposite to the nozzle plate with respect to the first flow passage formation body so as not to hinder driving of the piezoelectric element. The second flow passage formation body is formed with a liquid storing chamber and a throttle flow passage configured to restrict an amount of the liquid flowing from the liquid storing chamber into the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid ejecting head includes forming a first electrode made of platinum, forming a buffer layer made of a compound having a pyrochlore structure that contains bismuth or platinum on the first electrode, forming an oxide layer made of an oxide containing bismuth on the buffer layer, forming a piezoelectric layer made of a compound having a perovskite structure that contains bismuth by burning the oxide layer, and forming a second electrode on the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection head, including: multiple ejection orifices for ejecting liquid; multiple pressure chambers that communicate with the respective ejection orifices, and are arranged in a first direction and a second direction that intersect each other, the multiple pressure chambers including first electrodes formed on inner walls of the multiple pressure chambers; a piezoelectric block including the multiple pressure chambers and multiple air chambers, the multiple air chambers being arranged in the first direction and the second direction alternately with the multiple pressure chambers, the inner walls of the respective pressure chambers being deformable by application of voltage between the first electrodes and the second electrodes to cause liquid to flow out of open ends of the respective pressure chambers; an orifice plate in which the multiple ejection orifices are arranged; and a plate-like member that is interposed between the piezoelectric block.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a flow path unit having pressure generating chambers, a case head that is mounted to the flow path unit, and a piezoelectric element unit having a fixation member and piezoelectric elements, an adhesive surface of the fixation member being adhered to the case head by using a first adhesive and a second adhesive, and the piezoelectric elements being bonded to a piezoelectric element attachment surface of the fixation member which intersects the adhesive surface and also attached to islands that oppose the pressure generating chambers of the flow path unit, wherein the second adhesive has curing time shorter than that of the first adhesive, and the first adhesive has adhesion strength higher than that of the second adhesive and is applied on a first adhesive surface on the adhesive surface of the fixation member which is subject to a reaction force of the piezoelectric elements.

Abstract: In a piezoelectric actuator (1) that vibrates a diaphragm (12) provided on a pressure chamber (21) formed in a substrate (11) toward the pressure chamber (21), a lower electrode (13), a piezoelectric member (14) and an upper electrode (15) sequentially stacked on the diaphragm (12) are provided, on a part of the piezoelectric member (14) above the side wall of the pressure chamber (21), an upper electrode drawing portion (15a) drawn out from the upper electrode (15) above the pressure chamber (21) is formed and under the upper electrode drawing portion (15a), the piezoelectric member (14) is separated by a gap portion (S) above a boundary surface between the side wall (21a) of the pressure chamber (21) and the pressure chamber (21) in the substrate (11).

Abstract: An ink jet head includes a substrate including a mounting surface and a pressure chamber open to the mounting surface. The ink jet head further includes a nozzle plate including an inner surface fixed to the mounting surface and covering the pressure chamber, a nozzle open to the pressure chamber, and a piezoelectric element surrounding the nozzle and configured to deform to thereby change a volume of the pressure chamber. The ink jet head further includes a deformation control unit disposed on and extending from the inner surface of the nozzle plate and surrounding the nozzle, the deformation control unit configured to cause deformation of the piezoelectric element to be substantially symmetric with respect to the nozzle.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a plurality of ejection orifices which eject a liquid, a plurality of pressure chambers which store the liquid ejected from the ejection orifices and eject the liquid from the ejection orifices in accordance with expansion and contraction of an inner wall of the pressure chambers, and a plurality of recess portions which are formed around the pressure chambers, wherein a piezoelectric member is present between at least one of the recess portions and the pressure chambers.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head may include a first flow path, a linking flow path that is provided on a downstream side of the first flow path and is connected to the first flow path, and a second flow path that is connected to the linking flow path. The first flow path, the linking flow path, and the second flow path are provided in a portion between a liquid receiving portion and a filter. The second flow path includes wall portions that partition a central flow path and external flow paths which are provided on both external sides of the central flow path. The linking flow path includes an inclined portion which is formed in a width direction and extends in a portion between the first flow path and the second flow path.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing liquid transporting apparatus including: providing a channel unit; providing a piezoelectric actuator having a first and second active portion corresponding to a central portion and an outer periphery portion of the pressure chamber, respectively. The first and second active portions are sandwiched between an upper electrode and an intermediate electrode, and between the upper electrode and a lower electrode, respectively. The method further includes joining the channel unit and the piezoelectric actuator by positioning such that the intermediate electrode overlaps the central portion of the pressure chamber. Accordingly, since it is possible to make the first active portion overlap the central portion of the pressure chamber, it is possible to apply a appropriate pressure to the liquid in the pressure chamber without excessively small deformation of the first active portion.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head has a plurality of pressure chambers each communicating with an ejection port at one end and with an ink supply port at the other end. Each of the pressure chambers has lateral walls formed by piezoelectric elements and configured so as to eject ink from the corresponding ejection port as a result of a capacity change of the pressure chamber due to an expansion or contraction of the piezoelectric elements. The liquid ejection head is constituted by a plate-shaped piezoelectric portion and a plurality of column-shaped piezoelectric portions arranged thereon. The plate-shaped piezoelectric portion has a plurality of holes and a plurality of through holes located around the holes. Each of the column-shaped piezoelectric portions has a hollow section. Each hole of the plate-shaped piezoelectric portion and the hollow section of the corresponding column-shaped piezoelectric portion form a pressure chamber.

Abstract: In some aspects of the present application, an inkjet printing device is disclosed that can comprises an enclosed module configured to store ink and provide a path for ink flow; and an annular structure surrounding the path for ink flow, wherein the annular structure comprises a first polymer structure; a void structure arranged to surround the first polymer structure; and a second polymer structure arranged to surround the void structure.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator is provided, including a vibration plate, a piezoelectric layer, a plurality of individual electrodes arranged in two arrays, first and second common electrodes which have first and second facing portions facing parts of the individual electrodes and first and second connecting portions connecting the first and second facing portions respectively, and first and second wiring portions which are arranged on the vibration plate and which are connected to the first and second common electrodes respectively via first and second connecting wirings, wherein one of the first connecting wirings connects the first connecting portion and one of the first wiring portion while striding over the second connecting portion.

Abstract: A printhead may include a flow channel unit configured to discharge liquid. The printhead may include an actuator unit configured to apply discharge energy to the liquid in the flow channel unit. The printhead may include a flat flexible substrate connected to the actuator unit and configured to supply a drive signal to the actuator unit. The printhead may include a plurality of contact points disposed in an outline of the actuator unit in plan view and configured to electrically connect the actuator unit and the flat flexible substrate. The printhead may include a reinforcing member configured to fix a reinforcing portion, which includes at least part of an outer periphery of the actuator unit and the flat flexible substrate.

Abstract: When protective portions are independently provided for each energy generation element, a leakage current inspection between the protective portions and the energy generation elements cannot be performed at once. Therefore, there is a concern that the inspection in manufacturing a substrate for liquid ejection head requires time. Therefore, the substrate for liquid ejection head is manufactured by performing a leakage current inspection between a connecting portion that is electrically connected to plurality of protective portions and a terminal to which the plurality of energy generation elements are connected, and thereafter removing the connecting portion.

Abstract: A liquid jet head includes a piezoelectric body substrate having a plurality of groove arrays, in each of which ejection grooves penetrating from the upper surface to the lower surface are arrayed in a reference direction, drive electrode provided on side faces of the ejection grooves, and terminal electrodes provided on the lower surface, and electrically connected to the drive electrodes; and a flexible circuit board electrically connected from the terminal electrodes, and connected to the lower surface of the piezoelectric body substrate. The piezoelectric body substrate includes a first opening portion that penetrates from the upper surface to the lower surface between the plurality of groove arrays, and the flexible circuit board is led out from the lower surface to the upper surface of the piezoelectric body substrate through the first opening portion.

Abstract: In a liquid discharge head including a surface plate having a plurality of discharge ports and a liquid discharge body having a discharge portion, the discharge portion and an opening are alternately arranged on the liquid discharge body and the liquid discharge body includes a bonding unit formed by combining two piezoelectric material plates. Each piezoelectric material plate is provided with a plurality of grooves on a first surface and has a first electrode on one side wall surface and the bottom of the groove of the piezoelectric material plate, a second electrode on the other side wall surface, and a third electrode on a second surface. Each piezoelectric material plate is polarized in a direction connecting the first electrode and the second electrode, and also in a direction connecting the first electrode and the third electrode, and the two piezoelectric material plates are bonded so that the first surfaces face each other to form the bonding unit.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead includes multiple sets each of which includes a nozzle, pressure chamber, and actuator; a circuit board; and a connection member. The circuit board includes a wire, through hole via, and ink channel. The connection member, which connects the wire to a driving unit, is provided outside of an array area where the sets are two-dimensionally arrayed. The number of the nozzle rows is N, and each row includes M nozzles (M and N: integer of 2 or more). The through hole vias corresponding to the nozzles of n nozzle row of the N nozzle rows are provided inside of the array area (n: 1?n<N). The through hole vias corresponding to the nozzles of the N nozzle rows except the n nozzle row are provided outside of the array area.

Abstract: A process where there is deposited on a supporting substrate at least one first polymer layer and optionally at least one second polymer layer followed by treating the resulting formed layers or laminate with a laser.

Abstract: A liquid jet head includes a piezoelectric body substrate on which ejection grooves penetrating from an upper surface to a lower surface and non-ejection grooves open on the lower surface are alternately arranged in a reference direction and form a groove row, a cover plate that includes a liquid chamber communicating with the ejection grooves and is bonded on the upper surface of the piezoelectric body substrate, a nozzle plate that includes nozzles communicating with the ejection grooves and is bonded on the lower surface of the piezoelectric body substrate. Common drive electrodes are installed on side surfaces of the ejection grooves, which are on the lower-surface side from nearly 1/2 of a thickness of the piezoelectric body substrate, and individual drive electrodes are installed on side surfaces of the non-ejection grooves, which are on the lower-surface side from nearly 1/2 of a thickness of the piezoelectric body substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric device comprising a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer that is formed above the first electrode, a second electrode that is formed above the piezoelectric layer and a coating layer that is formed above the second electrode consisting of tungsten or titanium.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a piezoelectric element including a first electrode, a seed layer provided on the first electrode and containing BiFeO3 with (001) plane preferential orientation, a piezoelectric layer provided on the seed layer and containing a perovskite-structure (Bi, Nd)(Fe, Mn, Al)O3 composition with (001) plane preferential orientation, and a second electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a channel plate, a diaphragm member, and a piezoelectric member. The channel plate includes a separate liquid chamber, a fluid resistance portion, and a liquid introducing portion. The diaphragm member has a thin layer and a thick layer. The thin layer forms a wall face of each of the separate liquid chamber, the resistance portion, and the introducing portion and includes a vibration area facing the separate liquid chamber. The piezoelectric member is arranged to deform the vibration area and has a portion opposing the introducing portion. The thin layer has a thin portion forming the wall face of the introducing portion. The thick layer has a thick portion formed along the longitudinal direction of the separate liquid chamber on a first face opposite a second face opposing the introducing portion. In a plan view, the thin portion is divided by the thick portion.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrical component is provided. The method comprises preparing a subassembly by electrically connecting an integrated circuit to a flexible circuit; and attaching the subassembly to a multilayer ceramic capacitor having a mounting surface with a curvature deviation exceeding 0.008 inches per inch.

Abstract: A thin film forming apparatus which automatically forms, on an electrode layer formed on a substrate, a functional thin film which is crystallized from a precursor layer is disclosed, including a water-repellant film forming unit which forms, on a region other than a region on which is to be formed the functional thin film on the electrode layer, a water-repellant film which includes a self-assembled monolayer; an inkjet coating unit which coats, on the region on which is to be formed the functional thin film on the electrode layer, the precursor layer by an inkjet method; and a controller which controls, to within a predetermined time, a time from forming the water-repellant film with the water-repellant film forming unit to coating the precursor layer with the inkjet coating unit.

Abstract: A flow path unit includes a pressure chamber substrate in which a plurality of pressure chambers are arranged in a first direction; and a piezoelectric element that changes a volume of the pressure chamber, in which a plane shape of an active section of the piezoelectric element is contained such that a width on one side thereof in a second direction crossing the first direction is wider than that on the other side in the second direction. The side on which the width of the active section of the piezoelectric element is great and the side on which the width thereof is smaller in the second direction be alternately disposed each other so that the active sections adjacent to each other are arranged differently from each other in the first direction.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a pressure chamber substrate formed of silicon where a pressure chamber is formed, and a communication plate penetrated by communication holes in a plate thickness direction, in which the pressure chamber partitioned by partition walls formed of crystal orientation planes being formed in the recording head through etching. Acute angle portions are formed, by the partition walls intersecting with each other at an acute angle, in both end portions of the pressure chamber in a first direction, and a first step is disposed in the middle of each of the acute angle portions in an etching direction. Parts of the communication holes are arranged at positions superimposed on the acute angle portions in a bonding surface and remaining parts of the communication holes are arranged on outer sides in the first direction with respect to the acute angle portions such that a second step is formed in a communication portion between the pressure chamber and the communication holes.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes nozzles for ejecting liquid; pressure generation chambers, each in fluid communication with one of the nozzles; and a manifold substrate with manifolds disposed therein. Each manifold supplies liquid to at least one of the pressure generation chambers. The liquid ejecting head also includes a head case with a piezoelectric element housing unit. Piezoelectric elements, for changing pressure of liquid within the pressure generation chambers, are provided in the piezoelectric element housing unit. The liquid ejecting head also includes a vibrating element for absorbing pressure changes in the liquid within the manifolds, cavities provided on the vibrating element at positions that correspond to positions of the manifolds, and an atmosphere exposure channel that fluidly connects one of the cavities to the atmosphere. At least one other one of the cavities is in fluid communication with the atmosphere exposure channel via the first cavity.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a vibration plate which is joined to a flow passage unit to cover a pressure chamber formed in the flow passage unit, a piezoelectric layer arranged on the vibration plate, a first electrode arranged on the piezoelectric layer to face the pressure chamber, a second electrode arranged on the piezoelectric layer while being opposed to the first electrode, and a third area arranged in the remaining area of the piezoelectric layer opposed to the pressure chamber. A first portion of the piezoelectric layer interposed by the first and second electrodes is polarized in parallel to the thickness direction. A second portion of the piezoelectric layer disposed between the first and third electrodes in the plane direction, is polarized in parallel to the plane direction. Accordingly, there are provided the piezoelectric actuator having a high driving efficiency.

Abstract: A print head comprises a pressure chamber in fluid communication with a nozzle and an actuator structure in operative communication with the pressure chamber for generating a pressure wave in the pressure chamber. The actuator structure comprises a membrane, wherein a first surface of the membrane forms a flexible wall of the pressure chamber and a piezo actuator, wherein the piezo actuator is arranged on a second surface of the membrane, the second surface being opposite of the first surface, such that the membrane is deformed at the position of the piezo actuator upon actuation of the piezo actuator. In the print head, the membrane is pivotably clamped between a first structure layer and a second structure layer such that the membrane pivots at the location of clamping upon deformation of the membrane due to actuation of the piezo actuator.

Abstract: A droplet discharge head includes a nozzle plate provided with a nozzle opening which discharges an ink drop, an actuator substrate which forms a pressurized liquid chamber communicating with the nozzle opening, and is provided with a pressure generator changing a pressure in the pressured liquid chamber, and a common liquid chamber-forming substrate which forms a common liquid chamber to which ink which is supplied to the pressurized liquid chamber is supplied, the common liquid chamber-forming substrate includes a first plate made of a metal material, a second plate made of a resin material provided on one surface of the first plate, and a third plate made of a resin material provided on the other surface of the first plate, and the first plate, the second plate, and the third plate being integrally molded in a thickness direction.

Abstract: A liquid application device includes: a liquid discharge head having a structure in which nozzles for performing droplet ejection of a functional liquid onto a substrate are aligned in a row in a predetermined direction, and including liquid chambers connected to the nozzles respectively and piezoelectric elements which are provided correspondingly to the liquid chambers and serve to pressurize the liquid in the liquid chambers; a relative movement unit for causing relative movement between the substrate and the liquid discharge head; and a droplet ejection control unit for operating the piezoelectric elements so as to cause the liquid to land discretely on the substrate, and controlling operation of the piezoelectric elements according to each of groups formed by grouping the nozzles correspondingly to the structure of the liquid discharge head.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a cantilever membrane. A thin film sheet is affixed to one side of the cantilever membrane to bend the membrane in multiple directions in response to an electric field induced within the thin film sheet. A plurality of coplanar electrodes disposed on the thin film sheet are interdigitated in relation to one another to generate the electric field during application of a voltage across interdigitated electrodes.

Abstract: A heater stuck includes first strata having a planar configuration supporting and forming a fluid heater element responsive to repetitive electrical activation and deactivation to produce repetitive cycles of fluid ejection from an ejection chamber above the heater element and second strata having a planar configuration coating the heater element of the first strata and being contiguous with the ejection chamber to protect the heater element. The first strata include a substrate and heater strata disposed on it and forming a cavity above the substrate and encompassed on three sides by the heater substrata. The heater substrata includes a pair of conductive layer portions constituting terminal leads disposed on the substrate at opposite sides of the cavity and a resistive layer disposed on the conductive layer portions and defining the fluid heater element that spans the top of the cavity.

Abstract: An inkjet head includes a substrate, a piezoelectric member provided on the substrate and having predetermined length, plural pressure chamber grooves provided on the piezoelectric member in a longitudinal direction, opposed walls forming the pressure chamber grooves being configured to function as driving elements that eject ink, a chamber groove provided along the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric member, the chamber groove being formed on the substrate continuously to a slope of the piezoelectric member, an insulating member provided in the chamber groove, a wire through which a signal for driving the walls of the pressure chamber grooves passes, the wire being formed on the substrate and the insulating member, a cover member opposed to the substrate and configured to cover the piezoelectric member and the chamber groove, and plural nozzles configured to pierce through the cover member, respectively communicate with the pressure chamber grooves, and discharge the ink.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an inkjet head includes actuators configured to pressurize ink. The actuators include piezoelectric elements provided on an insulating layer, first electrodes electrically connected to the piezoelectric elements, and second electrodes connected to the piezoelectric elements and configured to hold the piezoelectric elements in cooperation with the first electrodes. The first electrodes of all the actuators are electrically connected to a common first energization pattern. The second electrodes of all the actuators are individually electrically connected to second energization patterns. The first energization pattern and the second energization patterns are separated from each other without overlapping each other on the insulating layer.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head has a plurality of pressure chambers communicating with respective ejection ports and a plurality of hollow spaces arranged around the pressure chambers in a piezoelectric block which is produced by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric plates made of a piezoelectric material. Each of the plurality of piezoelectric plates has a plurality of first grooves on a first surface and a plurality of second grooves on a second surface opposite to the first surface. The plurality of piezoelectric plates are laminated so as to put the first surfaces or the second surfaces of adjacent piezoelectric plates into contact with each other such that the pressure chambers are formed as the first grooves of the paired first surfaces are placed vis-a-vis and the hollow spaces are formed as the second grooves of the paired second surfaces are placed vis-à-vis.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a pressure generation chamber which fluidly communicates with a nozzle opening through which liquid is discharged, a pressure generation unit which causes pressure change on liquid in the pressure generation chamber, a manifold which serves as a liquid chamber common to a plurality of the pressure generation chambers, a flexible film which is configured to cover the manifold so as to absorb a pressure change generated in the manifold, and a heat generation unit which is formed on the flexible film at a region opposed to the manifold and is made of a pattered metal.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a flow channel-forming substrate in which a pressure generating chamber that communicates with a nozzle opening is provided; and a piezoelectric element that includes a first electrode provided on one surface side of the flow channel-forming substrate corresponding to the pressure generating chamber, a piezoelectric layer provided on the first electrode, and a second electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer, in which the first electrode configures a separate electrode that is independent for each active portion that is a substantial driving portion of the piezoelectric element, the second electrode configures a common electrode shared with the active portion, the piezoelectric element extends up to the outer side of the pressure generating chamber in at least one end of the pressure generating chamber, and the piezoelectric element includes a weighting film provided to overlap to one end of the pressure generating chamber on the second electrode in a region extended up to

Abstract: A method of forming an actuator includes depositing a photoimageable material to form a first photoimageable layer on a piezoelectric layer; patterning the first photoimageable layer to form an aperture; and disposing a first conductive layer on the first photoimageable layer. An actuator device formed by this method includes the photoimageable material. The first conductive layer partially overlies the first photoimageable layer such that a first portion of the first conductive layer contacts the first photoimageable layer and a second portion of the first conductive layer electrically contacts the piezoelectric layer in the aperture.

Abstract: An ink jet print head can be formed using a laser to melt a plating layer interposed between a piezoelectric actuator and a circuit layer bump. The plating layer can be formed on the circuit layer bump, the piezoelectric actuator, or both, and a laser beam output by the laser is used to melt the plating layer to provide a laser weld. In another embodiment, the circuit layer bump or the trace itself functions as the plating layer, which is melted using a laser to provide the laser weld.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a piezoelectric block body having a plurality of pressure chambers arranged two-dimensionally to face respective ejection ports, a plurality of air chambers arranged adjacently relative to the plurality of pressure chambers, and a plurality of flow channels arranged along the pressure chambers. The pressure chambers are deformed by expansion and contraction of piezoelectric members disposed between the pressure chambers and the air chambers so as to drive the liquid stored therein to flow toward the ejection ports. A connection flow channel is provided at the ejection port side of the piezoelectric block body so as to make each of the pressure chambers communicate with at least one of the flow channels for partial recirculation of the ink.

Abstract: An inkjet device includes a pumping chamber bounded by a wall, a piezoelectric layer disposed above the pumping chamber, a ring electrode having an annular lower portion disposed on the piezoelectric layer. A moisture barrier layer covers a remainder of the piezoelectric layer over the pumping chamber that is not covered by the annular lower portion of the ring electrode.

Abstract: A liquid application device includes: a liquid discharge head having a structure in which nozzles for performing droplet ejection of a functional liquid onto a substrate are aligned in a row in a predetermined direction, and including liquid chambers connected to the nozzles respectively and piezoelectric elements which are provided correspondingly to the liquid chambers and serve to pressurize the liquid in the liquid chambers; a relative movement unit for causing relative movement between the substrate and the liquid discharge head; and a droplet ejection control unit for operating the piezoelectric elements so as to cause the liquid to land discretely on the substrate, and controlling operation of the piezoelectric elements according to each of groups formed by grouping the nozzles correspondingly to the structure of the liquid discharge head.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for bonding on a silicon substrate are disclosed. An apparatus includes a membrane having a membrane surface, a groove in the membrane surface, a transducer having a transducer surface substantially parallel to the membrane surface, and an adhesive connecting the membrane surface to the transducer surface. The groove can be configured to permit flow of adhesive into and through the groove while minimizing voids or air gaps that could result from incomplete filling of the groove. Multiple grooves can be formed in the membrane surface and can be of uniform depth.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head which ejects a liquid from a nozzle of a nozzle plate by means of pressure change in a pressure chamber includes a first member made of ceramics and including the pressure chamber, a second member located between the first member and the nozzle plate, the second member being made of a metal and including a first flow path at a position upstream to the pressure chamber so as to regulate the amount of liquid which flows into the pressure chamber, and a ground wire that grounds the second member.

Abstract: A piezoelectric layer is integrally formed in such a way that opening portions of a plurality of pressure chambers in a flow channel forming member are covered. In a region that corresponds to a position between adjacent pressure chambers in the piezoelectric layer, a hollow that penetrates the piezoelectric layer or that has a relatively thin thickness in the piezoelectric layer is formed along the sides of the opening of each of the pressure chambers. The hollow is formed to avoid a region along a corner of the pressure chamber in the region.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a piezoelectric element including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric layer between the first and the second electrodes. The piezoelectric layer includes a buffer layer disposed on the first electrode and containing Bi and an element selected from Al, Si, Cr, and Mn and a complex oxide layer disposed on the buffer layer and having a perovskite structure containing Bi, Fe, Ba, and Ti.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a nozzle plate including a nozzle opening provided on a first surface of a flow path member with a flow path formed therein, and a protective member including a flexible portion that seals a portion of the flow path provided on the first surface of the flow path member. A position of a portion of the flow path member onto which the nozzle plate is attached and a position of a portion of the flow path member onto which the protective member is attached are different from one another in a discharge direction of a liquid.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid ejecting head including: a flow path formation substrate on which a pressure generation chamber communicating with nozzle openings for discharging liquid is provided; and a piezoelectric element which is provided on the flow path formation substrate and includes a piezoelectric layer, an electrode, and a wiring layer connected to the electrode, in which the wiring layer includes an adhesion layer which is provided on the electrode side and contains at least titanium and tungsten, and a conductive layer containing copper which is provided on a side of the adhesion layer opposite the electrode.

Abstract: A flow channel substrate includes pressure chambers, and the pressure chambers communicate with nozzle openings. Piezoelectric elements located on either side of the flow channel substrate include a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode. The piezoelectric layer contains lead, titanium, and zirconium. The second electrode includes a first layer on the piezoelectric layer side and a second layer on the side of the first layer opposite the piezoelectric layer. The second electrode also includes projections. The projections are aggregates of the lead originating in the piezoelectric layer, and the projections stick out of the surface of the second electrode opposite the piezoelectric layer.