Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes: a nozzle plate provided with nozzle openings; an actuator unit including a flow channel formation substrate in which pressure generation chambers are provided and piezoelectric actuators that cause a change in the pressure of the liquid within respective pressure generation chambers; a communication substrate in which communication channels that communicate between the pressure generation chambers and corresponding nozzle openings are provided; a first case member that is a frame member affixed to the communication substrate so that the actuator unit is disposed within the first case member and that, along with the actuator unit, forms a manifold that holds the liquid to be supplied to the pressure generation chambers; and a second case member that is affixed to the first case member and in which is formed an introduction channel that sends the liquid from the exterior to the manifold.

Abstract: A flow channel substrate has pressure chambers, and the pressure chambers communicate with nozzle openings configured to eject liquid. Each of piezoelectric elements on the flow channel substrate has a piezoelectric layer, a pair of electrodes, and a wiring layer coupled to the electrodes. The wiring layer has a first layer on the flow channel substrate side and a second layer on the first layer. The first layer contains palladium and is formed by pretreatment, whereas the second layer contains nickel and is formed by electroless plating.

Abstract: A process for making a substantially planar micro-fluid ejection head is disclosed, and includes depositing a basic solution on a first surface of a device substrate. The first surface having the basic solution deposited thereon is contacted together with a surface of a support material for a duration ranging from about 1 minute to about 15 minutes, at a temperature ranging from about 20° C. to about 90° C. so that the first surface having the basic solution deposited thereon and the surface of the support material form a bond therebetween to hermetically seal the support material and the device substrate to one another. Both the substrate and the at least one surface of the support comprise silicon, and at least one of the device substrate and the at least one surface of the support material is substantially composed of silicon.

Abstract: A print head comprises a pressure chamber in fluid communication with a nozzle and an actuator structure in operative communication with the pressure chamber for generating a pressure wave in the pressure chamber. The actuator structure comprises a membrane, wherein a first surface of the membrane forms a flexible wall of the pressure chamber and a piezo actuator, wherein the piezo actuator is arranged on a second surface of the membrane, the second surface being opposite of the first surface, such that the membrane is deformed at the position of the piezo actuator upon actuation of the piezo actuator. In the print head, the membrane is pivotably clamped between a first structure layer and a second structure layer such that the membrane pivots at the location of clamping upon deformation of the membrane due to actuation of the piezo actuator.

Abstract: A droplet ejecting head including: a pressure chamber connected to a nozzle hole; and a piezoelectric device having ceramic member provided with an electrode. The ceramic member is made from a solid solution containing bismuth ferrate, bismuth potassium titanate, and bismuth manganate.

Abstract: A liquid droplet ejecting head includes a fluid path forming substrate having a fluid path communicating with nozzle holes and a diaphragm on the fluid path forming substrate. The diaphragm has a first surface facing a second surface. A piezoelectric element on the first surface of the diaphragm has a piezoelectric body layer interposed between a first electrode and a second electrode. A support substrate on the first surface of the diaphragm has a space for containing the piezoelectric element. The support substrate includes a first member formed on the first surface of the diaphragm, and a second member formed on the first member. The first member has a first opening for containing the piezoelectric element. The space of the support substrate is defined by the first opening of the first member and the second member. The main material of the first member is resin.

Abstract: A fluid ejector includes a fluid ejection module having a substrate and a layer separate from the substrate. The substrate includes a plurality of fluid ejection elements arranged in a matrix, each fluid ejection element configured to cause a fluid to be ejected from a nozzle. The layer separate from the substrate includes a plurality of electrical connections, each electrical connection adjacent to a corresponding fluid ejection element.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head which includes a piezoelectric element which includes a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer which is provided on the first electrode, and on which a plurality of piezoelectric films are laminated, a second electrode which is provided on the piezoelectric layer, and a plurality of active units which are interposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a pressure generating chamber which communicates with nozzle openings which eject liquid, and in which a pressure fluctuation is generated by the piezoelectric element, in which a plurality of grooves with inner faces facing the first electrode side are formed on a side surface of the piezoelectric layer on each interface of each of the piezoelectric films along a first direction and a second direction which cross a third direction which goes from the first electrode to the second electrode.

Abstract: An inkjet device includes a pumping chamber bounded by a wall, a piezoelectric layer disposed above the pumping chamber, a ring electrode having an annular lower portion disposed on the piezoelectric layer. A moisture barrier layer covers a remainder of the piezoelectric layer over the pumping chamber that is not covered by the annular lower portion of the ring electrode.

Abstract: A liquid-ejecting head includes a pressure-generating chamber communicating with a nozzle opening and includes a piezoelectric element including a piezoelectric layer and electrodes. The piezoelectric layer contains bismuth sodium potassium titanate and satisfies the inequality 0?Pr/Pm?0.25 at 25° C., where Pm and Pr are the saturation polarization and remanent polarization, respectively, of the piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: An ink jet print head, having a pressure generation chamber arranged for being in communication with a print head nozzle and an actuator membrane for delimiting the pressure generation chamber. The actuator membrane has a substrate and a piezoelectric actuator provided on the substrate, said piezoelectric actuator having a lower electrode, an upper electrode and at least one piezoelectric layer arranged between the lower electrode and the upper electrode; the substrate and the upper electrode are arranged on opposite sides of the piezoelectric layer, and the upper electrode has a Titanium-Tungsten film.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes multiple tubular pressure chambers and a stacked body having first substrates and second substrates stacked alternately, in which the first substrates each have multiple first grooves and multiple second grooves formed therein, and the second substrates each has multiple third grooves formed therein, in which, in the multiple first grooves of each of the first substrates, inner surface electrodes are formed, in which counter electrodes are formed in a face of each of the second substrates, and in which a width W1 of each of the inner surface electrodes, a width W2 of each of the counter electrodes, and a width WP of each of the multiple first grooves satisfy a relation of WP<W2<W1.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an ink-jet head includes a substrate, a piezoelectric member, electrically conductive portions, a frame member, an insulating film, an electronic component and a protective agent. The piezoelectric member is mounted on the substrate and includes pressure chambers. The electrically conductive portions extend from the pressure chambers and are disposed on the substrate. The frame member inside which the piezoelectric member is disposed is attached to the substrate from above the electrically conductive portions. The insulating film covers the piezoelectric member, the frame member, and a part of the electrically conductive portions. The electronic component is connected to the electrically conductive portions. The protective agent covers an end portion of the insulating film located between the frame member and the electronic component and the electrically conductive portions between the electronic component and the end portion of the insulating film.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device, including the following on a substrate in the order listed below: a lower electrode, a piezoelectric film which contains a Pb containing perovskite oxide represented by a general expression (P) below, and an upper electrode, in which the piezoelectric film has a layer of pyrochlore oxide on the surface facing the lower electrode, and the average layer thickness of the pyrochlore oxide layer is not greater than 20 nm. AaBbO3??(P) where, A: at least one type of A-site element containing Pb as a major component, B: at least one type of B-site element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Sc, Co, Cu, In, Sn, Ga, Zn, Cd, Fe, and Ni, and O: an oxygen element.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a communication plate in which a first liquid chamber that communicate with a plurality of pressure chambers is formed, wherein a plurality of the first liquid chambers separated from each other are provided in the first direction and the first liquid chamber communicates with the pressure chamber through an opening in the thickness direction of the communication plate.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid discharge head, including a piezoelectric block formed by stacking multiple piezoelectric substrates, each of the multiple piezoelectric substrates including a first main surface and a second main surface and having a first groove and a second groove alternately formed in the first main surface, in which the each of the multiple piezoelectric substrates includes a first in-groove electrode, a first rear surface electrode, a second in-groove electrode, and a second rear surface electrode.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head including a piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element includes: a first electrode; an orientation control layer provided on the first electrode, the orientation control layer having a perovskite structure including Bi in an A site and Fe and Ti in a B site, and the orientation control layer being self-oriented in a (100) plane; a piezoelectric body layer provided on the orientation control layer and made of a piezoelectric material of the perovskite structure preferentially oriented in the (100) plane; and a second electrode provided on the piezoelectric body layer.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a substrate in which a pressure generating chamber that communicates with a nozzle opening is formed; and a piezoelectric element having a piezoelectric layer, a first electrode that is formed on a surface of the piezoelectric layer on a side of the substrate so as to correspond to the pressure generating chamber, and a second electrode that is formed on a surface of the piezoelectric layer opposite to the side on which the first electrode is formed so as to extend over a plurality of the pressure generating chambers, wherein the second electrode is formed to extend to an outside of the pressure generating chamber in a longitudinal direction of the pressure generating chamber.

Abstract: A printhead includes a moveable membrane, a piezoelectric actuator to move the membrane, and electronic circuitry disposed on the moveable membrane. A method of fabricating a printhead includes fabricating CMOS circuitry on a first side of a circuit wafer, and forming a chamber in a second side of the circuit wafer such that a bottom of the chamber forms a moveable membrane and the CMOS circuitry is disposed on the moveable membrane opposite the bottom of the chamber. A printing system includes a printhead having CMOS circuitry formed on a first side of a moveable membrane, a chamber having a bottom comprising a second side of the moveable membrane, and a piezoelectric actuator formed over the CMOS circuitry, configured to cause displacement of the moveable membrane into the chamber.

Abstract: A piezoelectric layer includes a buffer layer containing an oxide containing Bi and Co and disposed on an electrode, and a layer disposed on the buffer layer and containing a perovskite oxide containing Bi, Ba, Fe and Ti. A piezoelectric element includes the piezoelectric layer and the electrode. A liquid ejecting head includes a pressure generating chamber communicating with a nozzle aperture, and the piezoelectric element. A liquid ejecting apparatus includes the liquid ejecting head.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an inkjet head comprises a substrate, and a nozzle plate. The substrate includes grooves. The nozzle plate includes nozzles that are formed by laser processing to communicate with the grooves. Electrodes are formed on respective internal surfaces of the grooves. Each of the electrodes is formed of a plurality of metal layers, and includes a flat surface that is apart from the internal surfaces of the grooves. A first inorganic film is superposed on the surfaces of the electrodes. A second inorganic film is superposed on the first inorganic film.

Abstract: A piezoelectric inkjet die stack includes a circuit die stacked on a substrate die, a piezoelectric actuator die stacked on the circuit die, and a cap die stacked on the piezoelectric actuator die. Each die in succession from the circuit die to the cap die is narrower than the previous die.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an inkjet head includes a substrate, a nozzle plate which includes nozzle lines, each of which includes nozzles, the nozzles which are included in one of the nozzle lines and the nozzles which are included in another of the nozzle lines alternating with each other, and forming one imaginary nozzle line, piezoelectric members which are opposed to the respective nozzle lines, and groove parts which are provided in each of the piezoelectric members, the groove parts corresponding to the nozzles to eject ink from the nozzles and being processed by cutting edges, one of the groove parts which corresponds to one of the nozzles in the imaginary nozzle line and another of the groove parts which corresponds to another nozzle adjacent to the nozzle in the imaginary nozzle line being processed by the cutting edges which are independent of each other.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element including: a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer formed above the first electrode to have a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, and a second electrode formed above the piezoelectric layer, wherein at least a part of a side surface of the piezoelectric layer in the transverse direction is a concavo-convex surface, and a width of the piezoelectric layer in the transverse direction from the second electrode to the first electrode changes with the concavo-convex surface.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a first piezoelectric layer which is formed at an upper side of the first electrode and at lateral sides to the first electrode, a porous layer which is formed so as to cover side surfaces of the first piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode which is formed at an upper side of the first piezoelectric layer and the porous layer. In the piezoelectric element, the porous layer contains at least one metal element constituting the first piezoelectric layer.

Abstract: A flow channel substrate has pressure chambers, and the pressure chambers communicate with nozzle openings for ejecting liquid. Each of piezoelectric elements on the flow channel substrate has a piezoelectric layer, a pair of electrodes, and a wiring layer coupled to the electrodes. The wiring layer has an adhesion layer and a conductive layer on the adhesion layer. The adhesion layer contains at least one selected from nickel, chromium, titanium, and tungsten. The piezoelectric element has an insulating film at least between the wiring layer and the electrodes. The wiring layer and the electrodes of the piezoelectric element are coupled via contact holes created through the insulating film.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a flow channel forming substrate having pressure generation chambers communicating with a nozzle opening and arranged in parallel along a lateral direction. A piezoelectric element is provided on one surface of the flow channel forming substrate in correspondence to the pressure generation chamber, and has a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer provided on the first electrode and a second electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer. In a direction intersecting with the arrangement direction of the pressure generation chambers, in boundaries between an active section that is a substantial driving section and an inactive section that is not a substantial driving section of the piezoelectric layer, the first electrode includes a taper section of which a width is gradually decreased toward the boundary from the active section side.

Abstract: A printhead assembly comprises a plurality of plates stacked together. The plates form a flow path having an inlet and a nozzle. An ejection chamber is in fluid connection with the flow path. A diaphragm is in operable connection with the ejection chamber. A micro actuator is in operable connection with the diaphragm, the micro actuator being configured to actuate the diaphragm. An adhesive layer bonds at least two of the plurality of plates together. The adhesive comprises silicone.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a channel plate, a diaphragm member, and a piezoelectric member. The channel plate includes a separate liquid chamber, a fluid resistance portion, and a liquid introducing portion. The diaphragm member has a thin layer and a thick layer. The thin layer forms a wall face of each of the separate liquid chamber, the resistance portion, and the introducing portion and includes a vibration area facing the separate liquid chamber. The piezoelectric member is arranged to deform the vibration area and has a portion opposing the introducing portion. The thin layer has a thin portion forming the wall face of the introducing portion. The thick layer has a thick portion formed along the longitudinal direction of the separate liquid chamber on a first face opposite a second face opposing the introducing portion. In a plan view, the thin portion is divided by the thick portion.

Abstract: A method of assembling an optical sensor assembly for a carriage of a carriage printer, the method includes providing a flexible circuit subassembly including a photosensor and a light source; providing a mounting member including a first cavity and a second cavity having an orientation that is different than an orientation of the first cavity; mounting the flexible circuit subassembly on the mounting member such that the photosensor is disposed in the first cavity and the light source is disposed in the second cavity; and affixing the mounting member to an outer housing, wherein a connector end of the flexible circuit subassembly extends outwardly from the mounting member and the outer housing.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes piezoelectric members including: a pressure chamber applying a pressure for discharging liquid to liquid; a first electrode provided on an inner surface side of the pressure chamber; and a second electrode provided outside the pressure chamber, the piezoelectric members being arranged in a first direction intersecting with an ink flow direction and in a second direction crossing the ink flow direction and the first direction so that the flow directions of the liquid flowing through the pressure chamber of the piezoelectric members are arranged along one another. The head includes first common wiring lines connected to the first electrodes arranged in the first direction; and second common wiring lines connected to the second electrodes 23 arranged in the second direction. The first common wiring lines are arranged in the second direction and the second common wiring lines are arranged in the first direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink jet head for ejecting an ink droplet to form an image on a recording medium, including a pressure chamber to which ink is supplied, an actuator which applies a pressure on the ink filled in the pressure chamber to eject the ink droplet, a circuit applying to the actuator a drive-waveform for sequentially ejecting one or more ink droplets to form one pixel, the one ink droplet having V in volume, and a nozzle plate which has a nozzle fluidly communicating with the pressure chamber to eject ink droplet therefrom, the nozzle having a stepped inner surface shaped to include an inlet communicating with the pressure chamber and having a first sectional area in an orthogonal plane to ink-ejecting direction, and to include an outlet communicating with the inlet and having a length Ln1 in the ink-ejecting direction and a second sectional area C1 in the orthogonal plane smaller than the first sectional area, the Ln1, C1, and V being satisfied the relationship of 0.5?Ln1/(V/C1)?1.0.

Abstract: A printhead enables surface treatment fluid to be applied to the face of the printhead through at least one aperture located in the printhead faceplate. The printhead receives pressurized surface treatment fluid, which flows through a reservoir in the printhead, through at least one channel in the jet stack, and out the at least one aperture onto the surface of the faceplate. The surface treatment fluid is spread across ink apertures in the faceplate to disable ink from drooling from the ink apertures.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromechanical transducer element that includes an electromechanical transducer film formed of a complex oxide (PZT) including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti). The electromechanical transducer film is formed by laminating plural PZT thin films until a thickness of the formed electromechanical transducer film becomes a predetermined thickness. When an atomic weight ratio (Pb/(Zr+Ti)) of average Pb included in the formed electromechanical transducer film is denoted by Pb(avg) and an atomic weight ratio (Pb/(Zr+Ti)) of Pb in any one of laminate interfaces of the plural PZT thin films is denoted by Pb(interface), the Pb(avg) is greater than or equal to 100 atomic percentage (at %) and less than or equal to 110 atomic percentage (at %), and a fluctuation ratio ?Pb=Pb(avg)?Pb(interface) of Pb in the laminate interface is less than or equal to 20 percent.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a substrate in which a pressure generating chamber that communicates with a nozzle opening is formed; and a piezoelectric element having a piezoelectric layer, a first electrode that is formed on a surface of the piezoelectric layer on a side of the substrate so as to correspond to the pressure generating chamber, and a second electrode that is formed on a surface of the piezoelectric layer opposite to the side on which the first electrode is formed so as to extend over a plurality of the pressure generating chambers, wherein the second electrode is formed to extend to an outside of the pressure generating chamber in a longitudinal direction of the pressure generating chamber.

Abstract: A print head including a jet stack can be formed using semiconductor device manufacturing techniques. A blanket metal layer, a blanket piezoelectric element layer, and a blanket conductive layer can be formed over a semiconductor substrate such as a semiconductor wafer or wafer section. The piezoelectric element layer and the blanket conductive layer can be patterned to provide a plurality of transducer piezoelectric elements and top electrodes respectively, while the metal layer forms a bottom electrode for the plurality of transducers. Subsequently, the semiconductor substrate can be patterned to form a body plate for the print head jet stack. Forming a print head jet stack using semiconductor device manufacturing techniques can provide a high resolution device with small feature sizes.

Abstract: Provided is an ink-jet apparatus that: has a wide control range of the direction for ink ejection; can correct a variation in the direction for ink ejection; and can improve the yield of a product when used for manufacture of electronic devices. The ink-jet apparatus includes: pressure chamber 110 configured with a pair of partition walls 111; nozzle plate 101 having nozzle 100; diaphragm 112 supported by partition walls 111; piezoelectric elements 131 and 132 that are in contact with diaphragm 112 for pressurizing pressure chamber 110; and piezoelectric elements 141, 142 and 143 supporting partition walls 111. A voltage can be applied individually to piezoelectric elements 131, 132, and 141 to 143. The widths of part A and part B of diaphragm 112, part A being in contact with a piezoelectric element, and part B being in contact with partition wall 111 satisfy a particular relationship.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromechanical transducer film forming method including a surface modification process; an application process; and processes of drying, thermally decomposing, and crystallizing sol-gel solution applied to a portion of a surface of a first electrode. An electromechanical transducer film is formed on a desired pattern area on the surface of the first electrode by repeating the above processes. In the application process, each of dots of the sol-gel solution applied by the inkjet method drops onto both a first area inside the desired pattern area and a second area outside the desired pattern area. The first area is a hydrophilic area on the surface of the first electrode, and the second area is a hydrophobic area on the surface of the first electrode. The hydrophilic area and the hydrophobic area have been modified by the surface modification process.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator is provided, including a piezoelectric layer arranged on one surface of a base member; a plurality of driving electrodes arranged on one surface of the piezoelectric layer; a plurality of leading electrodes led from the driving electrodes to apply a voltage to the driving electrodes; and a low dielectric layer arranged between the piezoelectric layer and the leading electrode, and having a dielectric constant lower than that of the piezoelectric layer. Surroundings of driving areas of the piezoelectric layer including areas facing the plurality of driving electrodes are joined to the base member. The plurality of leading electrodes extend to outside of the driving areas, respectively, some of the plurality of leading electrodes being led in a predetermined first direction, and others of the plurality of leading electrodes being led in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A first electrode is on a substrate, a piezoelectric layer is on the first electrode, and a second electrode is on the piezoelectric layer. The piezoelectric layer has an active section and an inactive section. The active section is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and at least one of its ends is defined by the second electrode. The inactive section is thinner than the active section and extends outside the end of the second electrode that defines the active section. The active section and the inactive section are continuous with a slope therebetween. The second electrode has compressive stress.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head which discharges a liquid from nozzle openings includes: a piezoelectric element which is provided with a piezoelectric layer and an electrode provided on the piezoelectric layer, and the piezoelectric layer is formed of a complex oxide having a perovskite structure which contains bismuth, iron, barium, titanium, and at least one selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, and zinc.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric device comprising a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer that is formed above the first electrode, a second electrode that is formed above the piezoelectric layer and a coating layer that is formed above the second electrode consisting of tungsten or titanium.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead includes a printhead die including: a first nozzle array that is configured to be fed with ink by a first ink feed; and a second nozzle array that is configured to be fed with ink by a second ink feed; and a mounting substrate including: a surface to which the printhead die is attached; a first layer including a first ink channel having an opening disposed at the surface; a second layer including a second ink channel having an opening disposed at the surface; and a third layer disposed between the first layer and the second layer, wherein the printhead die is attached to the first layer, the second layer and the third layer, and wherein the first ink channel opening is fluidically connected to the first ink feed, and the second ink channel opening is fluidically connected to the second ink feed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an inkjet head comprises a substrate, and a nozzle plate. The substrate includes grooves. The nozzle plate includes nozzles that are formed by laser processing to communicate with the grooves. Electrodes are formed on respective internal surfaces of the grooves. Each of the electrodes is formed of a plurality of metal layers, and includes a flat surface that is apart from the internal surfaces of the grooves. A first inorganic film is superposed on the surfaces of the electrodes. A second inorganic film is superposed on the first inorganic film.

Abstract: A liquid jet head has a nozzle plate including nozzles for ejecting liquid and side walls placed over the nozzle plate, the side walls forming grooves having a fixed depth in a longitudinal direction thereof. Drive electrodes are formed on wall surfaces of the side walls. A cover plate is placed on upper surfaces of the side walls and has a supply port for supplying liquid to the grooves and a discharge port for discharging liquid from the grooves. Sealing materials are placed for closing the grooves outside communicating portions between the grooves and the supply port and between the grooves and the discharge port to prevent leakage of liquid from the grooves.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element having a piezoelectric layer and electrodes. The piezoelectric layer is 3 ?m or less in thickness. The piezoelectric layer is made of a piezoelectric material containing a perovskite compound including bismuth manganate ferrate and barium titanate. The piezoelectric layer is preferentially oriented with the (110) plane. The position (2?) of the X-ray diffraction peak attributed to the (110) plane is 31.80° or more and 32.00° or less.

Abstract: An inkjet head (3) comprises a wiring board (80) which. has, two-dimensionally arranged thereon, sets of nozzles (11) , pressure chambers (41) , and actuators (60) and which also has lines of wiring (87, 91) through-vias (85) , and ink flow paths (88); and connection sections (110, 111) which connect the lines of wiring to a drive section, the connection sections (110, 111) being disposed outside the arrangement region (R) in which the sets of the nozzles, the pressure chambers, and the actuators are arranged two-dimensionally. The nozzles are arranged in N rows (N is an integer greater than or equal to 2) , with each of the N rows comprising M nozzles (M is an integer greater than or equal to 2) which are arranged rectilinearly. The through-vias which correspond.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ultrasound transducers for ultrasonic imaging systems and, in particular, to improved grip assemblies for ultrasound transducers. One grip assembly includes a locking plate defining first and second apertures and a coupling post extending from the locking plate. An interface plate has a first elongate extension being extendable at least partially through the first aperture and a second elongate extension being extendable at least partially through the second aperture. A handle is coupled to the locking plate and includes a grip, a coupling interface, and a neck extending between the grip and the coupling interface. The coupling interface defines a coupling aperture for receiving the coupling post.

Abstract: There is provided a piezoelectric device comprising a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer that is formed above the first electrode, a second electrode that is formed above the piezoelectric layer and a coating layer that is formed above the second electrode consisting of tungsten or titanium.

Abstract: First and second piezoelectric layers are stacked from a side closer to an opening of a liquid channel formed in a channel member in this order, and are sandwiched between electrodes with respect to a stacking direction. A driving-signal generating section generates an ejection driving signal for ejecting droplets from an ejection port and a non-ejection driving signal for vibrating a meniscus formed in the ejection port without ejecting droplets from the ejection port. A voltage applying section applies, based on image data, a voltage corresponding to the ejection driving signal to one of the first and second piezoelectric layers, and applies a voltage corresponding to the non-ejection driving signal to another one of the first and second piezoelectric layers during a period in which the voltage corresponding to the ejection driving signal is not applied to the one of the first and second piezoelectric layers.