Abstract: A method includes receiving an image frame comprising pixels, wherein each pixel comprises n color channels, generating, by a separate color channel quantization branch for each of the n color channels configured to guarantee a non-negative reconstruction error, a first sample set of quantized indices based on color values of residues for a first particular pixel in the image frame, wherein the first sample set corresponds to a first n-tuple, and generating, by an entropy encoder, an entropy encoding for the first particular pixel based on data that maps indices to n-tuples of quantized indices, wherein the first n-tuple is mapped to a first index.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a multi-stream image processing method that includes steps outlined below. Image streams that include a main image stream and at least one sub image stream are generated by a former stage circuit, wherein a resolution of the main image stream is higher than the resolution of the sub image stream. Within an image frame processing time period, a N-th sub image frame is stored in a current sub image storage block in a memory module and a N-th main image frame is stored in a current main image storage block in the memory module by the former stage circuit. Within a first sub period of the image frame processing time period, a N?1-th sub image frame is read from a former sub image storage block in the memory module by a latter stage circuit to perform processing. Within a second sub period of the image frame processing time period, the N-th main image frame is read by the latter stage circuit to perform processing.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for processing input image data by an image processing device, to reach a desired visual effect within an output image, wherein input image data are stored within an input memory device and the input image data are transferred based on data of a lookup table into respective output image data stored within an output memory device, the lookup table being generated based on at least one data remapping function to reach the desired visual effect, wherein further the entries within the lookup table are arranged in such a way that when processing the lookup table the input memory device is addressed in a sequential reading order; a computer readable medium having stored thereon program code to carry out the inventive method as well as an image processing device to carry out the method.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for performing resolution enhancement on target patterns based on holographic imaging technique (HIT) are described. During operation, an electronic design automation (EDA) tool can compute an in-line hologram of the target patterns based on parameters associated with a photolithography process that is used in a semiconductor manufacturing process, wherein the semiconductor manufacturing process is to be used for printing the target patterns on a semiconductor wafer. Next, the EDA tool can determine the mask patterns based on the in-line hologram.

Abstract: A method for coding color images with fewer blue samples than samples of other colors. This provides a psycho visually high image quality since the human retina itself has fewer S cones than L, M cones. Applications include image and video coding with lower density of blue samples than other colors such as red and green. Another application is in single sensor multi-spectral and color cameras that use Color Filter Arrays. Sampling density is limited in Color Filter Arrays so that a lower blue sample density enables higher sample densities of other colors.

Abstract: Concepts herein relate to processing urine sediment images. An example method comprises: approximating the color of a pixel in a block to be processed to one of the kc colors in a code book, wherein the code book is a set of the kc colors generated in a set of urine sample blocks; obtaining a distribution histogram of the number of pixels the color approximation results of which fall on each color of the kc colors; using an occurrence frequency correction factor to correct the number of pixels the color approximation results; standardizing the corrected number of pixels the color approximation results; and processing the block to be processed.

Abstract: A method for estimating occlusion in a virtual environment comprising at least two objects and observed from a viewpoint. Thereafter, a second item of information representative of the distance separating a second fragment of a second object from the viewpoint according to an observation direction is computed; the second item of information is compared with a first item of information representative of the distance separating a first fragment of a first object from the viewpoint according to the observation direction and is stored in a first buffer memory. If the second item of information is less than the first item of information, then a third item of information representative of attributes associated with the second fragment is estimated, the second item of information is stored in a second buffer memory and of the third item of information is stored in a third buffer memory.

Abstract: Methods and systems for operating a USB extension over a lossy channel. The USB extension includes at least a state machine and packet loss inference mechanism. The state machine includes a first state in which the USB extension receives a USB data packet from a standard USB host, a second state, unsupported by the USB Specification, in which the packet loss inference mechanism may indicate the state machine to switch back to its first state, and a third state in which the USB extension switches the state machine back to its first state.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for encoding and decoding delta values. In one aspect, a method includes accessing a compression buffer having a start position, a sentinel position, and a data storage region; obtaining a first value; determining that a second value stored in the sentinel position does not match a first sentinel value; determining that a third value stored in the start position matches a second sentinel value; and storing the first value at the start position of the compression buffer.

Abstract: A video encoding method, in which a video signal consisting of two or more signal elements is targeted to be encoded, includes a step of setting a downsampling ratio is set for a specific signal element in a frame, in accordance with the characteristics in the frame; and a step of generating a target video signal to be encoded, by subjecting the specific signal element in the frame to downsampling in accordance with the set downsampling ratio. The frame may be divided into partial areas in accordance with localized characteristics in the frame; and a downsampling ratio for a specific signal element in these partial areas may be set in accordance with the characteristics in each partial area.

Abstract: This invention discloses an image pickup device and an image synthesis method thereof The image pickup device comprises an image-pickup module, an image-synthesis module, a database and a processing module. The image-pickup module captures a plurality of temporary images of a scene. The image-synthesis module extracts a part of each temporary image and combines the parts to form a panorama temporary image, and splits the panorama temporary image into a plurality of zone-areas according to at least one threshold value and a panorama luminosity histogram. The database stores a lookup table for recording a plurality of exposure values. The plurality of the exposure values correspond to luminance values of the zone-areas respectively. The processing module obtains the plurality of exposure values corresponding to the luminance values and obtains a weighting-exposure value by an equation, and controls the image-pickup module to capture the panorama image according to the weighting-exposure value.

Abstract: A chromaticity correction device corrects chromaticity of a video signal displayed on a display panel of a display device to correspond to a change in a luminance value of the display panel. The chromaticity correction device includes a luminance detection unit which detects the luminance value, a backlight driving level detection unit which detects a backlight driving level, a temperature detection unit which detects an internal device temperature or an ambient temperature, a reference luminance value calculation unit which estimates a reference luminance value in a characteristic of an initial state, a chromaticity calculation unit which obtains a chromaticity change amount of white point chromaticity and estimated white point chromaticity that is an estimated value of current white point chromaticity, a chromaticity correction value calculation unit which obtains a chromaticity correction value and a chromaticity correction circuit which corrects the chromaticity of the video signal.

Abstract: Provided are a method of determining a brightness value of a target area on an optical image, and a computer-readable recording medium including a program for executing the method on a computer. Target brightness values of a plurality of target areas in an optical image are accurately compared with each other by plotting a graph with brightness values depending on positions within a subject.

Abstract: A method for receiving a broadcasting signal and a broadcasting signal receiver are disclosed. Even when a cell is changed while an emergency alert is output, the emergency alert can be continuously output using emergency alert table information included in the broadcasting signal and channel information of the cell. The emergency alert table information may include a cell identifier and the channel information of the cell may include virtual channel information of the cell.

Abstract: An interface is realized that can prevent video signals from being copied easily and which uses a luminance/color difference signal transmission scheme with an excellent harmony with a television circuit. In a video transmission using a digital interface, colorimetry information for defining the conversion from the luminance/color difference signal into a primary color signal and video aspect ratio information are transmitted along with the luminance/color difference type video signal. This allows reproduction of video with high quality and high resolution and also realizes a copyright protection which allows only the users authorized by key information to use the content of the video. With this transmission scheme, it is possible to provide a transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus and an interface which highly harmonize with a rationalized television-based circuit.

Abstract: A method for receiving a broadcasting signal and a broadcasting signal receiver are disclosed. Even when a cell is changed while an emergency alert is output, the emergency alert can be continuously output using emergency alert table information included in the broadcasting signal and channel information of the cell. The emergency alert table information may include a cell identifier and the channel information of the cell may include virtual channel information of the cell.

Abstract: A device for displaying data transfer rates on a display. The device includes a system for displaying the transfer rates in an alphanumeric mode or an alternative graphics mode; and a system for switching between displaying the transfer rates in the alphanumeric mode and the graphics mode.

Abstract: Applying a mechanism of image signal processing and color-space-conversion to convert the captured Green components to be Y, luminance components for only those pixels having raw Green data without interpolation, and to convert the Blue components to be U, chrominance components for only those pixels having raw Blue data, and Red components to be V, chrominance components for only those pixels having raw Red data. These converted YUV components are input to a predetermined video compression codec for reducing the intra- and inter-frame redundant information.

Abstract: An apparatus for embedding secret information in an image signal transmitted with a shape signal showing the shape of an object is described. This apparatus comprises an embedding position decision unit for deciding a position in the object where the secret information is to be embedded, according to the shape signal; and a compositor for embedding the secret information in the position decided by the decision unit. Therefore, the secret information is protected against translation or clipping of image.

Abstract: A device for displaying data transfer rates on a display. The device includes a system for displaying the transfer rates in an alphanumeric mode or an alternative graphics mode; and a system for switching between displaying the transfer rates in the alphanumeric mode and the graphics mode.

Abstract: A system and method of processing a component color image signal extracted from image signals are disclosed, including a quantizing unit for quantizing the component color image signal over a plurality of quantization regions of the component color image signal, such that the color difference per unit error caused by quantization of the component color image signal in each of the plurality of quantization regions is within a predetermined value. This quantizing unit operates also to quantize the component color image signal under a quantization level number different for each of regions specified by the value of the component color image signal, as a threshold, corresponding to either the polarity change or the maximum of the component color image signal.

Abstract: A method for extending the data width of a graphics processing channel in a computer graphics system. The method includes the first step of providing a plurality of graphics processing channels having pre-defined output data widths or capacities. The next step is combining at least a portion of an output from at least two of the plurality of graphics processing channels. Another step is defining at least one extended graphics processing channel with an extended data width. The extended graphics processing channel is formed with output portions from the plurality of graphics processing channels.

Abstract: A method for diagonal processing of video data includes separating diagonally arranged data from rectilinearly arranged data in a video stream, rotating the diagonally arranged data to a rectilinear position; and compressing the rotated diagonally arranged data by a rectilinear compression algorithm. Alternatively stated, the method includes recognizing diagonally arranged data in a video stream, processing the diagonally arranged data into rectilinear data, and compressing the rectilinear data by a rectilinear compression algorithm.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for image data compression that greatly reduces implementational complexity and cost, and improves error correction. These improvements are achieved at various implementational blocks which include a color extraction unit that can perform a first level of compression by reducing the frame size by, e.g., ¼ or {fraction (1/16)}. This is followed by compression through division by a programmable loss value where the division propagates the remainder to improve image quality. Differential coded modulation is then performed on the extracted color values to further reduce image data size. The result is variable length encoded using preferably a 1's complement approach that further reduces implementational complexity by eliminating VL coding tables. Finally, the VL encoded compressed data is packetized for transmission over a serial bus where the packetization improves error correction.

Abstract: In one aspect of a preferred embodiment, the present invention comprises a system for video compression comprising a video preprocessor; a predictor configured to receive video data from the preprocessor; and an encoder configured to communicate with the predictor. Preferably, the preprocessor comprises a colorspace converter, a frame activity detector, and a subsampler, the predictor comprises a frame differencer and a reference frame handler, and the encoder comprises an error image encoder and an image adder. In another aspect, the invention comprises a system for video decompression comprising a predictor and a decoder configured to communicate with the predictor. Preferably, the predictor comprises a reference frame handler and wherein said decoder comprises an error image decoder and a colorspace converter.

Abstract: A method of transmission of wide bandwidth chroma signals converts a component video signal having a luminance and two half-bandwidth chroma components into a 0:4:4 video signal having no luminance component and two wide bandwidth chroma components. Half of the wide bandwidth chroma component samples are inserted into a standard serial digital data stream in place of the luminance component, and the second half of the wide bandwidth chroma component samples are inserted into the standard serial digital data stream in place of the two half-bandwidth chroma components.

Abstract: A digital video signal transmission apparatus is provided with (a) a digital video signal conversion circuit for converting each chrominance signal of an input digital video signal in such a manner that every plural frames (1) in one frame of the plural frames each chrominance signal is converted into a signal having plural bits, (2) in the other frames of the plural frames, each chrominance signal is converted into a signal having 1 bit, so that an average of gradation levels of the respective chrominance signals in plural frames after the conversion is substantially equal to gradation levels of the respective chrominance signals in a single frame before conversion, (b) a flag signal generation circuit for generating a flag signal for setting the respective chrominance signals in each pixel signal, so that one of the chrominance signal has plural bits, while the other chrominance signal has one bit, (c) a converted data combination circuit for assigning each signal to each of the chrominance signal in accord

Abstract: A technique for compressing video images uses temporary compression of blocks during compression, integrated color rotation of compressed images, direct compression of a composite video signal, and border filters to allow blocks to be compressed independently. Temporary compression reduces storage needed in an integrated circuit. An incoming frame is compressed block-by-block and placed in temporary storage. A corresponding block of a later frame is also compressed. Both blocks are decoded back into the transform domain and the two blocks are compared in the transform domain. Color rotation on compressed color information is integrated with overall compression and is performed upon the chrominance transform pyramids after transformation of the video signal rather than performing a rotation on the raw signal itself. Color rotation is performed at any stage and uses serial multiplication (shift and add) for more efficient processing, rather than using parallel multiplication.

Abstract: The method for digital compression of color images digitally compresses color identification photographs into 512 to 2,048 bytes for storage of rectangular images in smart cards and databases. The method operates in the YCrCb color space and includes a novel color space conversion method for converting digital image data from a 15- or 24-bit RGB (Red-Green-Blue) color space to the YCrCb (Luminance-Chrominance) color space. The compression method uses a lookup table for color space conversion. A unique chromakey method is used to replace the background with a solid color to increase the visual quality of the compressed image, and to automate and simplify the chromakey process.

Abstract: An image signal expressing pel values and a significance signal declaring for each pel whether the pel value is significant are supplied as input signals. By referring to the input significance signal values for the pels proximal to the pel being processed, the significant pels are identified and a resolution conversion characteristics selector selects one of two or more frequency conversion characteristics to be used for resolution conversion of the image signal using only significant pels. A resolution converter then converts the resolution of the input image signal using the selected resolution conversion characteristic, and outputs the result as the image conversion apparatus output signal. Resolution conversion of the input image signal can therefore be accomplished by means of pel subsampling or interpolation without being affected by nonsignificant pels, and resolution conversion with minimal image quality loss caused by the conversion process is achieved.

Abstract: A method for encoding picture data using scan interleaving pixels and an apparatus and method for encoding the picture data includes the steps of determining whether pixels of a present scanning line in a predetermined frame of an image should be encoded according to comparison results between pixels of a previous scanning line and pixels of a next scanning line and between pixels of a previous or next scanning line and pixels of the current scanning line, and encoding pixels of lines of the image excluding pixels that are determined to not be encoded.

Abstract: A method for preparing selected peptide substrates for detecting the activity of virus-specified proteases is provided. Specific tetrapeptide substrates are disclosed which are conjugates of protease-cleavable indicator groups and peptide sequences resembling picornavirus protease cleavage recognition sites.

Abstract: A device for displaying data transfer rates on a display. The device includes a system for displaying the transfer rates in an alphanumeric mode or an alternative graphics mode; and a system for switching between displaying the transfer rates in the alphanumeric mode and the graphics mode.