Abstract: A method of performing a DFT (discrete Fourier transform) or a DFT derived transform on data, comprising: providing spatially modulated light having spatial coherence, said spatially modulated light representing the data to be transformed; Fourier transforming said spatially modulated light, using an at least one optical element; and compensating for at least one of a scaling effect and a dispersion effect of said at least one optical element, using an at least one dispersive optical element.

Abstract: A visual image system is constructed as including: a three-dimensional visual image reproducer for transmitting a three-dimensional video signal; a parallax quantity detecting section for detecting a parallax quantity in the three-dimensional video signal from the three-dimensional visual image reproducer; a fatigue measure estimating section for estimating the degree of fatigue based on the detected parallax quantity and outputting an image switching signal correspondingly to a fatigue measure estimating quantity; a 3D/2D image switching section for providing an output by switching between three-dimensional and two-dimensional images based on the image switching signal; and an image display section for displaying a three-dimensional image or a two-dimensional image. The visual image system thereby fulfills the capability of suitably controlling the degree of three-dimensionality of stereoscopic images by inferring from the inputted video signal the degree of effects likely to be produced on the observer.

Abstract: In a display apparatus (10), a lenticular lens (2) is detachable from or integrated with a frame (1). An insertion slot 3 for inserting an object to be displayed in the horizontal direction is formed between the frame (1) and lenticular lens (2). An arm (4) which is used to place the display apparatus to stand upright in a portrait or landscape position, and attachment grooves (5) that receive the arm (4) are formed on the back surface of the frame (1). The arm (4) and upper, lower, right, and left symmetrical attachment grooves (5) are formed to be able to place the display apparatus (10) in any of the upper, lower, right, and left directions when the object to be placed is set in a direction perpendicular to its insertion direction.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic image displaying method and a stereoscopic image displaying apparatus using the same, which are capable of excellently observing a stereoscopic image.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display comprises an SLM which is controlled to provide an image display and a signal display. A parallax optic has a first portion which cooperates with the image display to form a plurality of viewing windows. A second portion of the parallax optic forms first and second images visible to an observer to allow the observer to distinguish between a desired orthoscopic viewing zone and undesirable viewing positions such as pseudoscopic positions. The pitch of parallax elements in the second portion is one and a half times the parallax element pitch in the first portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a three-dimensional image display device capable of reproducing clear, deviation-free and distortion-free three-dimensional images generated by a three-dimensional generating method. The three-dimensional image display device 4 comprises a lens array 1 having the predetermined number of convex lenses arranged in a matrix; and image display means for displaying a plurality of two-dimensional images 3 corresponding to the respective convex lenses. The same lens array 1 is employed in the three-dimensional display device as the lens array employed for generating the two-dimensional images.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying a stereoscopic two-dimensional picture includes a display unit having a flat image display screen for displaying a two-dimensional picture containing a stereoscopic image and an image transmitting panel placed parallel to and apart from the image display screen. The image transmitting panel has a microlens array of a plurality of lenses and an effective area larger than that of the stereoscopic image contained in the two-dimensional picture, and a lens frame area surrounding a perimeter of the effective area of the microlens array. The image transmitting panel generates an image-formation plane for displaying a real image of the two-dimensional picture in a space located on an opposite side to the display unit with respect to the microlens array. The apparatus also includes a stereoscopic frame for defining a space for accommodating the image-formation plane.

Abstract: A preselected lenticular image is created by capturing a first digital image on a plurality of first charged coupled device (CCD) sensor columns (21, 31). A second digital image is created on a plurality of second CCD sensor columns (22, 32). The first and second digital images are stored in an interleaved fashion and previewed on a lenticular screen (112) attached to a camera (10).

Abstract: A parallax panoramagram has increased depth and sharpness when a sharpness filter is applied after interdigitation of multiple image portions. An optical path of wave train (204) (on-axis) and wave train (205) (off-axis) intersect a single lenticle (201). The lenticle has a focal length (208) and the on-axis (204) and off-axis (205) wave trains correspond to different stripes. These wave trains (204 and 205) comme to focus at points (206 and 207) respectively. The surface (202) has a cylindrical curvature, and bracket (203) denotes the width of the lenticle (201). Each eye of the observer sees its own perspective view when looking at a lenticular stereogram.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for displaying three-dimensional images with a display device. A blocking grid is positioned between a display device and a viewer, and a drive system oscillates the blocking grid in accordance with the display of a plurality of images. Each image is aligned with the grid and is structured such that each eye of the viewer sees only a displayed portion of a displayed image intended for that eye, thereby creating a three-dimensional effect.

Abstract: Only 1 sheet from the photoed original picture is needed to perform the purpose of Lenticular-stereo printing.

Abstract: A device for reproducing a three-dimensional image with a background, which device reproduces a three-dimensional image standing out from a background picture. The device includes a white-color point light source array and a color transmission spatial distribution filter having a function of specially weighting intensity and color of light. These components reproduce a three-dimensional image by generating a group of light rays which can be seen as if a three-dimensional color object standing out from the background picture is actually present. Color and/or intensity weights are imparted to the color transmission spatial distribution filter, except for a transmission portion thereof, such that the background picture of the three-dimensional image can be seen at the vicinity of the white-color point light source array or the color transmission spatial distribution filter. The device can be applied to standing-out displays, standing-out signboards, and wall-mounted show windows.

Abstract: A method for controlling pixel addressing of a pixel display device (10) to drive the display device as an N-view autostereoscopic display when a lenticular screen (15) is overlaid and image pixel data for N discrete views to be interlaced is provided. Based on data defining at least the lenticular screen lenticule pitch (p&mgr;), the number of views N, and the lenticular screen position relative to the display device pixels (12), for each display pixel, a derivation is made as to which of the N views it is to carry. The corresponding pixel data for the assigned view is then selected as the display pixel data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image display apparatus, e.g. a head-mounted image display apparatus, in which an image from a single image display device is led to two eyes without using a half-mirror, thereby allowing observation of a bright image. The image display apparatus has an optical path distributing mirror 1 for distributing the image of a single display device 10 to an optical path for a right eye and an optical path for a left eye, and an ocular prism 2R for the right eye and an ocular prism 2L for the left eye, which are placed on the right- and left-hand sides, respectively, of the optical path distributing mirror 1.

Abstract: An apparatus for displaying a stereoscopic two-dimensional picture includes a display unit having a flat image display screen for displaying a two-dimensional picture containing a stereoscopic image; and an image transmitting panel placed parallel to and apart from the image display screen. The image transmitting panel has a microlens array of a plurality of lenses and an effective area larger than that of the stereoscopic image contained in the two-dimensional picture, and a lens frame area surrounding a perimeter of the effective area of the microlens array. The image transmitting panel generates an image-formation plane for displaying a real image of the two-dimensional picture in a space located on an opposite side to the display unit with respect to the microlens array.

Abstract: A method for searching a printing frequency to display a 3D picture includes breaking an image into strips and using NumLen lenses to form NumLen-1 image cycle. After the NumLen-1 image cycle is formed, a quantity of images of the image cycle is defined to be dpi/lpi, where dpi is dot per inch of a printer and lpi is lens per inch of a lenticular lens. Thereafter, a quantity of the image per inch is arrived.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a display having an image display surface which displays a two-dimensional image of an object including a three-dimensional object, and an image transmitting panel spaced apart from the image display surface for creating an imaging plane displaying a real image of the two-dimensional image in a space opposite to the display. The image display surface exhibits a three-dimensional image which is drawn from a perspective viewpoint.

Abstract: Stereoscopic device including a lenticular lens layer and light sensor array, the lenticular lens layer includes a plurality of lenticular elements, the sight sensor array includes a plurality of light sensors, wherein selected ones of the light sensors detect light at a predetermined range of wavelengths and wherein at least selected others of the light sensors detect light at at least another predetermined range of wavelengths and wherein each of the lenticular elements is located in front of a selected group of the light sensors, thereby directing light from different directions to different light sensors within the selected group of the light sensors.

Abstract: A display system or monitor arrangement for stereoscopic displaying of images includes a pair of displays for providing respective left eye and right eye images and arranged in perpendicular intersecting planes, a beam splitter for combining the images from the displays in a common light path, and a means to discriminate between respective images to present the respective left and right eye images to the eyes of a viewer for viewing. Image discriminating functions may be obtained using plane polarized light characteristics and/or circular polarized light characteristics. A package arrangement retains the display a system components for storage or use; and a cubical mount structure may provide alignment and positioning of respective parts of the display system. Display methods for displaying stereoscopic images in a common light path are included.

Abstract: A method is provided for displaying a visual element of a scene within a stereoscopic image of the scene. The method may be used to plan, design or simulate the lighting of a music concert or theatrical performance. The scene is displayed as a stereoscopic image and all changes to the visual element are displayed in the stereoscopic image in real time. The method includes the steps of displaying a stereoscopic image of the scene, making changes to a visual element of the scene, and displaying the changes in the stereoscopic image in real time.

Abstract: A three-dimensional image display system utilizing both a light beam reproducing method and a shadowgraph type multi-view parallax method, in which three-dimensional stereoscopic images are observed continuously from the rear to front of the display unit is provided.

Abstract: Apparatus for displaying an image, comprises receiving means for receiving data comprising the location of a first object and for receiving data comprising the location of a second object, display means for displaying first and second images, and directing means for directing the first image towards the location of the first object and for directing the second image towards the location of the second object.

Abstract: An image display device includes a display portion, an image transmission panel, a stereo frame and a video signal supply portion. The display portion has an image display surface for displaying an image inclusive of a stereo image. The image transmission panel is disposed in a space on a side opposite to the display portion so as to be separated from and parallel to the image display surface. The image transmission panel forms the image displayed on the image display surface. The stereo frame is disposed on a part of an image-forming plane where the image is formed. The video signal supply portion supplies a video signal to the display portion so that the stereo image formed on the image-forming plane moves between an inside space of the stereo frame and an outside space of the stereo frame.

Abstract: In order to provide a dual-surface lens sheet in which a color shift is reduced and positions of unit lenses on a front surface and a back surface are easily aligned even if the unit lenses are disposed in fine pitch when used for a rear projection screen which is used for a display device using a plurality of projector as light sources, a half-column-cylindrical-convex-lens is used in a lens sheet having lens sections on front surface and a back surface such that pitch ratio for disposing the unit lenses on the front surface and the back surface is in a range of 1:2 to 1:30 and disposition directions of the lens sections are uniform.

Abstract: A visual image system is constructed as including: a three-dimensional visual image reproducer for transmitting a three-dimensional video signal; a parallax quantity detecting section for detecting a parallax quantity in the three-dimensional video signal from the three-dimensional visual image reproducer; a fatigue measure estimating section for estimating the degree of fatigue based on the detected parallax quantity and outputting an image switching signal correspondingly to a fatigue measure estimating quantity; a 3D/2D image switching section for providing an output by switching between three-dimensional and two-dimensional images based on the image switching signal; and an image display section for displaying a three-dimensional image or a two-dimensional image. The visual image system thereby fulfills the capability of suitably controlling the degree of three-dimensionality of stereoscopic images by inferring from the inputted video signal the degree of effects likely to be produced on the observer.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic 3D display includes a spatial light modulator, for instance of the liquid crystal display type. A backlight and a mask form a plurality of light sources which are imaged by a lenticular screen at first notional viewing windows. A parallax barrier controls the visibility of pixels of the spatial light modulator to form second notional viewing windows. The display forms actual viewing windows whose lateral extent is equal to the product of the lateral extents of the first and second viewing windows and is less than each of these lateral extents.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display includes an image forming device and a substrate having alternating strips, where strips having a first optical property are separated by strips having a different optical property. This substrate may be composed of alternating strips of polarization film separated by clear, nonpolarizing strips. Alternately, this substrate may be composed of first alternating strips that retard a component of linearly polarized light by one-half wavelength, separated by second alternating strips that retard a component of linearly polarized light by one wavelength. A removable, separate polarizing substrate may be removably placed in front of the substrate containing the alternating strips. When the removable polarizing substrate is placed in front of the strips in a certain orientation, autostereoscopic imaging is viewed by the observer, and when this polarizing substrate is removed, 2D imaging is viewed.

Abstract: Apparatus for displaying an image, comprises receiving means for receiving data comprising the location of a first object and for receiving data comprising the location of a second object, display means for displaying first and second images, and directing means for directing the first image towards the location of the first object and for directing the second image towards the location of the second object.

Abstract: A device for forming an autostereoscopic image having n viewpoints, the device including a lens array (RL1) comprising cylindrical lens (10) having longitudinal axes parallel to a direction (zz′) perpendicular to an optical axis (x′x) of the device. The device includes a cylindrical optical assembly whose longitudinal axis is perpendicular to zz′ and to xx′. The lens array (RL1) comprises n cylindrical lens (10). The lens array (RL1) and the cylindrical optical assembly (LC1) share a common focusing plane (P) corresponding to a focusing distance &Dgr;. The absolute value of the ratio between the focal length of the cylindrical optical assembly and that of the lens array is substantially equal to n. Also provided is projection device implementing said image-forming device, and a projector projecting n flat elementary images, and a screen fitted with at least a projection array.

Abstract: A computerized method for creating a multi-image print for use with a dynamic display based on the relative periodic displacement of the multi-image print relative to a lenticular screen includes inputting, into a computer, data relating to a dynamic display and at least two basic images. The digital data of the images is used to set size and resolution of the images, thereby creating basic documents. The visual requirements of the basic documents including resolution, exposure time within a display cycle, and graphic characteristics are then determined. Each of the basic documents is divided into information units and is interlaced into a single document. The single document is processed to satisfy the data requirements, and the complex document is printed on a sheet to produce a multi-image print so that basic images will be alternatively displayed when the print is displaced relative to a lenticular screen.

Abstract: In a display apparatus (10), a lenticular lens (2) is detachable from or integrated with a frame (1). An insertion slot 3 for inserting an object to be displayed in the horizontal direction is formed between the frame (1) and lenticular lens (2). An arm (4) which is used to place the display apparatus to stand upright in a portrait or landscape position, and attachment grooves (5) that receive the arm (4) are formed on the back surface of the frame (1). The arm (4) and upper, lower, right, and left symmetrical attachment grooves (5) are formed to be able to place the display apparatus (10) in any of the upper, lower, right, and left directions when the object to be placed is set in a direction perpendicular to its insertion direction.

Abstract: A privacy screen, an image separating screen suitable for creating stereoscopic images, and an image interlacing screen also suitable for use in creating stereoscopic images, are prepared by modifying a standard microprism sheet of the type having a plurality of v-shaped grooves. The modifications may include altering the transmission properties of at least one surface of each groove in such a manner that light transmitted in different directions has different properties, for example by attenuating light in one plane and not in the second plane to create a privacy screen, or by altering polarizations in the two planes so as create a stereoscopic effect. The modifications may also include arranging the microprism sheet to interlace images from different sources.

Abstract: A method according to preparing an integral image from an interwoven image is provided. The interwoven image is prepared by interweaving at least two source images which have been divided into cells which themselves have been divided into image elements. By interweaving the image elements within each cell and forming an array of cells, an integral image is formed when the array of cells is viewed through a viewing screen. 3-dimensional, moving or motion, and images which are combinations thereof are formed with the present device. The method can be used in electronic display devices as well as on non-electronic services to form integral images. A 3-dimensional image formed by the present device will generally have a portion which appears to project above the surface of an overlaying viewing screen. A quality control method for the manufacture of three-dimensional integral image devices and for the selection of viewing screens is also provided herein.

Abstract: An apparatus for the generation of a full-spectrum stereoscopic display. The system uses a flat, masking screen comprised of a plurality of regularly spaced, vertical apertures arranged in front of, parallel, and in a geometric relation to a flat, image display screen. The image has two viewpoints (one right-eye and one left-eye) interlaced by alternate vertical rows of pixels. The system creates a full-spectrum stereoscopic display when the image is viewed with proper geometric alignment by a viewer through the vertical apertures of the masking screen, which effectively separates the alternating left-eye/right-eye viewpoint vertical rows of pixels in such a manner as to allow the right eye to only see the right-eye viewpoint and the left eye to only see the left-eye viewpoint. A holographic display can be achieved by using five cameras, which allow a viewer to “see” and image from different angles.

Abstract: Stereoscopic device including an image directing assembly, an image differentiator and an image detector, the image directing assembly having a first light inlet for receiving a first image and a second light inlet for receiving a second image, the first light inlet being spaced apart from the second light inlet, the image differentiator differentiating between the first image and the second image, wherein the image directing assembly directs the first image to the image detector via a common path, and wherein the image directing assembly directs the second image to the image detector via the common path.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a stereoscopic image comprises a display and a user control for controlling a stereoscopic parameter of the image. The control may be a single control for example a knob and may control more than one parameter. Alternatively there may be two controls each controlling a single parameter. The apparatus may further comprise a lenticular screen overlying the display for producing a stereoscopic image that is autostereoscopic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stereoscopic image display apparatus comprising a light source for emitting light from plural apertures, an optical element array composed of an array of optical elements having different optical functions in the horizontal and vertical directions, for giving directivity to the light emerging from the apertures, and a transmissive display device for displaying a stripe image, obtained by dividing each of a parallax image for the right eye and a parallax image for the left eye in the vertical direction to obtain right stripe pixels and left stripe pixels and arranging the right and left stripe pixels alternately in a predetermined order, wherein the plural apertures are provided corresponding to each of the optical elements constituting the optical element array, for each stripe pixel, and are adapted to cause the light, passing through the right or left stripe pixel, to reach a predetermined area.

Abstract: A parallax barrier includes a polarization modifying layer having aperture regions, for supplying light of a second polarization when receiving light of a first polarization, separated by barrier regions, for supplying light of a third polarization different from the second polarization when receiving light of the first polarization, and a polarizer selectively operable in a first mode and a second mode. At least one of the aperture regions and the barrier regions alters the polarization of light passing therethrough. The polarizer passes light of the second polarization and blocks light of the third polarization in the first mode and passes light of the third polarization in the second mode.

Abstract: In a 3-D image display device, a parallax barrier having a plurality of apertures is provided in front of an LCD element. Each aperture is equipped with a color filter of any one of red, green, and blue colors. The LCD element conducts monochromatic display, and hence, no color filters are provided therein. In the LCD element, regarding each color, a pixel group is provided at each position corresponding to the color filter of the color, the pixel group being composed of a plurality of pixels which are driven in response to an image signal corresponding to the color. With this arrangement, when the number of parallax images for a 3-D image is increased so that a fine 3-D image is obtained, the yield of the display element, and further, the yield of the 3-D image display device, can be improved. Besides, the cost of the device can be lowered.

Abstract: Stereoscopic device including a lenticular lens layer and light sensor array, the lenticular lens layer includes a plurality of lenticular elements, the sight sensor array includes a plurality of light sensors, wherein selected ones of the light sensors detect light at a predetermined range of wavelengths and wherein at least selected others of the light sensors detect light at at least another predetermined range of wavelengths and wherein each of the lenticular elements is located in front of a selected group of the light sensors, thereby directing light from different directions to different light sensors within the selected group of the light sensors.

Abstract: In a case of obtaining a line-shaped image through image processing using a computer, an amount of data to be processed is reduced and a final stereoscopic image is formed by using a usual image. A plurality of two-dimensional images having different parallaxes are converted into line-shaped images, with forming a first image from the line-shaped images in view of projection angles of lenticular lenses, a second image is formed by a usual planar image, and a composite image formed by the first image and the second image is formed on a recording medium disposed beneath the lenticular lenses.

Abstract: An observer tracking directional display comprises a spatial light modulator associated with a movable parallax optic. An observer tracker determines the position of an observer and controls the position of the optic by way of an electromechanical transducer and a mechanical transmission. The mechanical tracking arrangement has a plurality of stationary positions for the parallax optic relative to the spatial light modulator (SLM) and steps between these positions so as to optimize the viewing windows for the current position of the observer.

Abstract: A head tracking stereoscopic display includes a first combining light source composed of two line-shaped light sources and a second combining light source composed of two line-shaped light sources. The first combining light source is used when the head of a viewer is shifted a distance between the eyes E in a horizontal direction on the basis of a predetermined position. The second combining light source is used when the head of the viewer is shifted a distance between the eyes E in the horizontal direction on the basis of a position that shifts E/2 from the predetermined position. When the first combining light source is selected, the two line-shaped light sources in the first combining light source are alternately turned on and off. When the second combining light source is selected, the two line-shaped light sources in the second combining light source are alternately turned on and off.

Abstract: A compound eye camera provided integrally with plural image pickup elements and a display unit adapted to display an image, divided into stripes in every scanning line or in every plural scanning lines and to give different directionalities to the display of the striped image in the odd-numbered lines and the display of the striped image in the even-numbered lines, thereby providing stereoscopic display at a predetermined observing position. The camera further has a display control unit for dividing each of two images, picked up with the plural image pickup elements and having a parallax, into stripes in the horizontal direction and alternately arranging the divided stripes by every line to synthesize a striped image, and causing the display unit to display such synthesized striped image.

Abstract: An auto-stereoscopic display device comprises a plane viewing screen, a plane cathode, and a plane permanent magnet. A two dimensional array of rows and columns of channels extends between opposite poles of the magnet for receiving electrons from the cathode. A phosphor layer is disposed between the screen and the magnet and having a plurality of pixels each corresponding to a different channel. Grid electrode means is disposed between the cathode and the magnet for selectively controlling flow of electrons from the cathode through each channel to the corresponding pixel in response to input video data. Deflection anode means is disposed on the side of the magnet remote from the cathode for sequentially deflecting, orthogonally to the columns, each electron beam to different parts of the corresponding pixel in response to an input video clock signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of acquiring simulated autostereoscopic video images of a scene to be viewed. On the basis of stored data containing three-dimensional information, it implements n simulated cameras, with n≧3, each generating an image of a scene on a given optical axis. The optical axes of the simulated cameras converge at a point situated at the same distance D from the simulated cameras. The scene to be viewed has a nearest point Pp and a farthest point Pe, and the inter-camera distance and the distance Dmin between the simulated cameras and the nearest point Pp are selected in such a manner that for focus varying between the nearest point Pp and the farthest point Pe the angle 2&agr; between two adjacent simulated cameras varies between a value not greater than 4.5° for the point Pp and a value not less than 0.2° for the point Pe.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image displaying method and stereoscopic image displaying apparatus for interchangeably displaying a stereoscopic image and a two-dimensional image or for displaying a mixed stereoscopic image and two-dimensional image. In accordance with the present invention, light from a surface illuminant is passed through a mask substrate in which a mask pattern comprised of a plurality of apertures is formed. The light then is guided through a cylindrical lens array and a light directivity control element of polymer distributed liquid crystal having a stripe pattern, and thereafter the light irradiates a transmissive display device for displaying a stripe image having a parallax, or a two-dimensional, image. Control region stripes of the light directivity control element are brought into a non-scattering state when the stripe image is displayed on the display device.

Abstract: A displayer. The displayer comprises a sensor mechanism for identifying where N different eyes of V viewers are in space, where N is greater than or equal to 2 and is an integer and V is greater than or equal to 1 and is an integer. The displayer comprises a displaying mechanism for displaying N different images to N different eyes where each image is a function of where each eye is in space to which the respective image is associated. The displaying mechanism is remote and apart from and out of contact with the V viewers. The displaying mechanism is in communication with the sensor mechanism. The displaying mechanism includes a computer which receives information from the sensor mechanism identifying where each eye is in space and produces the images.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus has an image display device for displaying image information, a lens array having a plurality of element lenses for focusing the image information displayed in the image display device, the element lenses being arrayed at a predetermined pitch, an image recording medium located at a focus plane of the lens array, and a beam controller for controlling a beam passing through an aperture for each element lens out of the plurality of element lenses. The image information displayed in the image display device for every element lens is successively recorded in the image recording medium by the beam controller.

Abstract: A display unit which allows image lights utilizing circularly polarized light to be transmitted to an observer without degrading its polarization characteristics by an optical system such as lenses and screen is provided. The display unit which allows an image to be observed from the back of the screen on the opposite side from a light source by forming the image on the surface of the screen via the light source comprises a first liquid crystal panel for displaying images; a second liquid crystal panel for displaying images disposed so as to adjoin to the first liquid crystal panel; means for projecting linearly polarized image lights output respectively from the first and second liquid crystal panels on the surface of the screen simultaneously so that their polarization directions differ from each other; and means provided in the screen for transforming the projected linearly polarized lights into circularly polarized lights.