Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus, includes a liquid crystal panel including a first substrate, a second substrate disposed in an opposing relationship to the first substrate with a space left, and a liquid crystal layer provided in the space between the first and second substrates, the liquid crystal panel including a pixel region in which a plurality of pixels are provided on the faces of the first and second substrates which oppose to each other such that illuminating light irradiated from the first substrate side upon the second substrate side is transmitted through the pixel region to display an image, and the liquid crystal panel further including a light scattering layer provided on the face of the first substrate on which the illuminating light is illuminated and configured to scatter and transmit the light.

Abstract: A laminated optical film including a first optical anisotropic layer, and a second optical anisotropic layer, wherein Relationship (1) is satisfied when a slow phase axis of the first optical anisotropic layer is substantially perpendicular to a slow phase axis of the second optical anisotropic layer, ?10 nm??Re1??Re2?10 nm??Relationship (1) wherein Relationship (2) is satisfied when the slow phase axis of the first optical anisotropic layer is substantially parallel to the slow phase axis of the second optical anisotropic layer, and ?10 nm??Re1+?Re2?10 nm ??Relationship (2) wherein an in-plane retardation value Re of the film as a whole satisfies 30 nm?Re?500 nm, where ?Re1 denotes a value calculated from “Re1 (at an RH of 80%)—Re1 (at an RH of 50%)” concerning the first optical anisotropic layer, and ?Re2 denotes a value calculated from “Re2 (at an RH of 80%)—Re2 (at an RH of 50%)” concerning the second optical anisotropic layer.

Abstract: An optical compensation sheet, which contains a cellulose acylate film that contains 1 to 20 parts by mass of a retardation controlling agent, to 100 parts by mass of a cellulose acylate, wherein the retardation controlling agent comprises at least two compounds different in Re/Rth ratios each other; and a liquid crystal display device, which contains the optical compensation sheet.

Abstract: The liquid crystal panel of the invention can restrain coloration following a change in the viewing angle when black is displayed, and can be produced into a relatively thin form. This panel has a liquid crystal cell 20 having a color filter having individual blue, green and red regions, a first polarizer 10 formed on one side of the cell 20, a second polarizer 40 formed on the other side of the cell 20, and a compensation layer 30 arranged between the first and second polarizers 10 and 40. The compensation layer 30 has an optical characteristic that the layer gives a larger retardation for a longer wavelength, and the cell 20 has a liquid crystal layer in a vertical alignment mode, and the thickness direction retardation values Rth(B), Rth(G) and Rth(R) of the liquid crystal cell to light transmitted through the individual color regions in the liquid crystal cell 20 satisfy: |Rth(B)|<|Rth(G)|<|Rth(R)|.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal cell and two polarizing plates disposed on the both sides thereof, wherein a protective film satisfying the specific conditions of retardation is sandwitched each between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing plates. The liquid crystal display device can be easily produced at low costs and has a low viewing angle dependency of color.

Abstract: A resin film has a photoelastic coefficient of from 0 to 30×10?8 cm2/N; and Re satisfying the following formulae (1) to (4): 20 nm<Re(548)<300 nm??Formula (1): 0.5<Re(446)/Re(548)<1??Formula (2): 1.0<Re(629)/Re(548)<2.0??Formula (3): 0.1%?[{Re(548) at 25° C., 10% RH?Re(548) at 25° C., 80% RH}/Re(548) at 25° C., 60% RH]?20%,??Formula (4): wherein Re(?) represents an in-plane retardation at a wavelength of ?.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the design and construction of retardation films (or plates) with any targeted dispersive property, including those with no wavelength dependence for the entire visible range. In particular, this invention deals with specific design of films with broadband (achromatic) quarterwave and halfwave retardation.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules that are vertically aligned in an absence of a voltage; a first optical compensation layer having a relationship of Nz =1 to 2.5 and a relationship of Re1(380) <Re1(550) <Re1(780); a second optical compensation layer having a relationship of nx =ny >nz and a relationship of Re2(380) >Re2(550) >Re2(780); a first polarizer; a third optical compensation layer having a relationship of Nz =1 to 2.

Abstract: An optical laminate having layer A having a resin having a negative intrinsic birefringence and at least one layer B having a transparent resin, having substantially no orientation and laminated at least on one face of layer A and satisfies a relation |Re(A)|>|Re(B)|, wherein Re(A) and Re(B) represent in-plane retardations of layer A and layer B, respectively, measured with light having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm, an optical element having a laminate of the optical laminate and a polarizer plate, and a liquid crystal display device using at least one sheet of the optical laminate. In the liquid crystal display device, optical compensation can be made in accordance with the mode of the liquid crystal display by the three dimensional control of the refractive index, and the liquid crystal display device provides an image display with liquid crystals exhibiting small change in the phase contrast depending on the viewing angle.

Abstract: Self-compensating, quasi-homeotropic liquid crystal devices (100, 200, 300, 400) overcome the contrast reducing effects of smaller pretilt angles. The devices exhibit extremely high contrast ratio but at the same time suppress fringe field-induced disclination lines in high pixel density and small pixel size quasi-homeotropic displays. The surface pretilt (520, 540) and cell twist (570) angles are set at values that, in combination, contribute to establishing a cuspate singularity in the contrast ratio for normally incident light in response to a drive signal switching the liquid crystal device to the OFF director field state that provides nearly 0% optical efficiency. The OFF director field state corresponds to a subthreshold drive level that provides for the liquid crystal device self-compensation for in plane optical retardation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device that includes: a blue phase mode liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and has an optical anisotropy when an electric field is applied and not applied; polarizing plates on outer surfaces of first and second substrates, respectively; and one of a first optical compensation film including a +C plate, and a second optical compensation film including a biaxial phase retardation layer, between the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a circular polarizer is provided to each of a pair of substrates that hold a liquid crystal layer, wherein the circular polarizer on the display surface side is composed of a polarizer, ?/2 plate in which Rth>0, and a ?/4 plate in which Rth<0; and the circular polarizer on the backlight side is composed of a polarizer, a ?/2 plate in which Rth<0, and a ?/4 plate in which Rth>0. Rth is a retardation in the thickness direction of a ?/2 plate or a ?/4 plate. A reduction is achieved in the absolute value of the sum of the Rth between the ?/2 plate for which Rth>0 and the ?/2 plate for which Rth<0, and in the absolute value of the sum of the Rth between the ?/4 plate for which Rth<0 and the ?/4 plate for which Rth>0.

Abstract: An in-plane switching liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel having first and second substrates, a first polarizer disposed at a first surface of the liquid crystal display panel and having a first protective film, a first polarizing film, and a second protective film, a second polarizer disposed at a second surface of the liquid crystal display panel and having a third protective film, a second polarizing film, and a fourth protective film, and a first optical compensation film between the first polarizer and the liquid crystal display panel, the third protective film being adjacent to the liquid crystal display panel and having a substantially zero retardation value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an very thin achromatic quarter wave film laminate for transflective LCD included in an LCD polarizer. More specifically, the very thin achromatic quarter wave film laminate for transflective LCD has a considerably reduced thickness, as compared to conventional quarter wave films in which anisotropic polymeric films are laminated.

Abstract: This invention provides a vertically aligned liquid crystal display, including a first polarizing plate and a second polarizing plate having absorption axes perpendicular to each other and a vertically aligned panel provided therebetween and including vertically aligned liquid crystals having negative dielectric anisotropy, in which a +A-film and a +C-film are provided between the first polarizing plate and the vertically aligned panel, the +C-film is positioned between the first polarizing plate and the +A-film, and the optic axis of the +A-film is parallel to or perpendicular to the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate. According to this invention, the contrast of the vertically aligned liquid crystal display can be improved at surface-facing angle and tilt angle thereof and the color shift depending on the viewing angle in a dark state can be minimized, thus greatly increasing the viewing angle range of the vertically aligned liquid crystal display.

Abstract: An in-plane-switching-mode (IPS) LCD device includes a TFT substrate and a CF substrate sandwiching therebetween an LC layer, and a pair of polarizing films sandwiching therebetween the substrates and the LC layer. Each polarizing film has a polarization layer and a protective layer. An optical compensation layer having a birefringence is disposed between the light-emitting-side polarizing film and to the CF substrate. The optical compensation layer has an in-plane retardation of N1 satisfying the following relationship: 83.050?0.810×D1?N1?228.090?0.74D1 in the range of 0<D1?80 ?m, wherein D1 is the thickness of the protective layer of the light-incident-side polarizing film.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a first optical unit, and a second optical unit. The display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal layer is operated in a vertical alignment mode. The first optical unit includes a C-plate and a first polarization plate having a first absorption axis. The second optical unit includes a positive A-plate, a negative A-plate, and a second polarization plate having a second absorption axis substantially perpendicular to the first absorption axis. The positive A-plate and the negative A-plate may gather dispersed polarization states of a colored light.

Abstract: To provide a retardation film in which the retardation condition is adjusted to achieve a liquid crystal display without coloration over a wide viewing angle range and having a high contrast ratio, and a method of designing the same, as well as a polarizing film and a liquid crystal display using the same. A liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal cell and polarizing films in a Cross-Nicol relationship with each other on both sides of the liquid crystal cell; wherein at least one polarizing film includes a retardation film having reverse wavelength dispersion property; and the liquid crystal display further includes a retardation film having a wavelength dispersion property substantially the same as a liquid crystal layer configuring the liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A cellulose acylate film is provided and is excellent in increasability of an in-plane retardation and a retardation in a thickness direction, from which an additive does not bleed out, and which is excellent in surface properties. The cellulose acylate film has a thickness of 40 ?m to 180 ?m and contains no retardation increasing agent. Retardation values Re and Rth of the cellulose acylate film meet the following formulae (III) to (V): 46?Re?100??(III) Rth=a?5.9Re??(IV) 520?a?670??(V) A polarizing plate and a VA mode liquid crystal display having wide viewing angle characteristics and small changes in color, which are using the cellulose acylate film, are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical compensation film comprising first and second optically-anisotropic layers, wherein retardation in plane at a wavelength of 550 nm, Re(550), of the first optically-anisotropic layer is from 20 to 40 nm, the first optically-anisotropic layer does not have any direction in which its retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm is 0 nm, the direction in which the absolute value of retardation of the first optically-anisotropic layer is the smallest is neither in the normal line direction of the layer nor in the in-plane direction thereof, and Re(550) of the second optically-anisotropic layer is from 20 to 150 nm and retardation along thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm, Rth(550), thereof is from 40 to 110 nm.

Abstract: A laminated film includes a polarizing plate, a retardation film, and a first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided in this order, wherein the polarizing plate includes a polarizer, a first protective layer placed on a side of the polarizer where the retardation film is provided, and a second protective layer placed on another side of the polarizer which is opposite to the side where the retardation film is provided, the retardation film is a stretched film comprising a norbornene resin, the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer includes a pressure-sensitive adhesive that may be produced by crosslinking a composition comprising a (meth)acrylate (co)polymer and a crosslinking agent comprising a peroxide as a main component. The laminated film has both good adhesion to a liquid crystal cell and easy peelability, and may improve the uniformity in a screen of liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprising: a brightness enhancing film, polarizing plate (A), a liquid crystal cell, polarizing plate (B) laminated in that order, Wherein (i) polarizing plate (A) has a polarizing plate protective film facing the brightness enhancing film; (ii) the polarizing plate protective film is a cellulose ester film; (iii) an in-plane retardation value Ro(550) of the of the cellulose ester film represented by Formula (I) is 0 to 5 nm; and (iv) a retardation value in a thickness direction Rt(550) of the of the cellulose ester film represented by Formula (II) is ?15 to 15 nm, Ro(550)=(Nx?Ny)×d??Formula (I) Rt(550)={(Nx+Ny)/2?Nz}×d.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a first polarizer located on one side of a first substrate, a second polarizer located on the opposite side of a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer formed of liquid crystal molecules and between the first and the second substrates so that the liquid crystal molecules may be aligned in parallel to the first or the second substrate and to which an electric field is applied in parallel to the first substrate, and a lighting device. The first or the second polarizer includes a polarization layer and supporting materials located on both sides of the polarization layer, reducing light leakage and a colour shift in a black display state when viewed from the oblique direction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical film capable of contributing to reduction in thickness, preventing uneven heating, and favorably preventing light leak in black display, and an image display apparatus using such an optical film. An optical film of the present invention includes a polarizer, a first optical compensation layer having a refractive index profile of nx>ny=nz, and a second optical compensation layer having a refractive index profile of nx>ny>nz in the stated order. In the optical film, an angle formed between an absorption axis of the polarizer and a slow axis of the first optical compensation layer is +17° to +27° or ?17° to ?27°, an angle formed between the absorption axis of the polarizer and a slow axis of the second optical compensation layer is +85° to +95°, and an Nz coefficient of the second optical compensation layer is 1.2?Nz?2.

Abstract: A transverse electric field mode liquid crystal display device capable of improving the viewing angle characteristic in black display at an oblique viewing angle with a simple structure is provided.

Abstract: A flat panel display device is provided with an increased viewing angle having good dark versus light imaging contrast. The display device includes a display panel, a first optical unit, and a second optical unit. The display panel includes a liquid crystal layer that is driven in a vertical alignment mode. The first optical unit includes a negative C-plate and a first polarizer having a first absorption axis. The second optical unit includes a biaxial compensation plate having a refractive indices coefficient, (nx?nz)/(nx?ny) of more than 0.45 and less than 0.55, and a second polarizer having a second absorption axis crossing the first absorption axis. The biaxial compensation plate has a refractive indices relationship of nx>nz>ny such that dispersion of polarization states of colored light rays passed through the C-plate and the liquid crystal layer may be minimized and gathered about an extinction point, thereby improving contrast at side viewing angles.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of liquid crystal display devices and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device operating in vertically aligned mode (VA-mode) in which liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric anisotropy are aligned generally perpendicularly to a panel surface of the liquid crystal display. A liquid crystal display according to the invention comprises a liquid crystal cell (6) of a vertical alignment mode, at least one polarizer (2, 10) arranged on each side of the liquid crystal cell, and at least one compensating structure (3, 7) disposed between the liquid crystal cell and at least one of the polarizers. The polarizers have transmission axes (11, 18) which are perpendicular to each other.

Abstract: A projection image display apparatus includes: light source; polarization/separation element having a polarization/separation plane through which one polarized light passes and which reflects the other orthogonal to the one; an image display element for modulating the incident light into image light and reflecting the image light; and a retardation plate disposed between the polarization/separation element and the image display element: the retardation plate has refractive indices different between two orthogonal directions in an optical surface thereof, and gives phase difference larger than ?/4 to polarized light entering the optical surface and having a wavelength ?; and supposing z axis be a normal to a light entering/exiting surface of the polarization/separation element, y axis be perpendicular to z axis and a normal to the polarization/separation plane, and x axis be perpendicular to z- and y-axes, the first retardation plate has optic axis within xz plane and tilted to x axis.

Abstract: The method to produce the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display employs treating an optical film comprising of cellulous ester with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to prepare an alkali-treated optical film; immersing a polyvinyl alcohol film in an aqueous solution containing iodine and boric acid; stretching the polyvinyl alcohol film to prepare a polarizing film; adhering the alkali-treated optical film onto both surfaces of the polarizing film to prepare a polarizing plate; and providing the polarizing plate on both surfaces of a vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell to providing the vertical alignment type liquid crystal display. At least one of the optical film has a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction of from 60 to 300 nm, Rt=[(nx+ny)/2?nz]×d.

Abstract: A projection display includes a light source, a liquid crystal panel encapsulating a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal between a first substrate and a second substrate which are opposite to each other, the liquid crystal panel modulating light emitted from the light source, a longer axis of a molecule of the vertical alignment mode liquid crystal tilted from the normal direction of the first substrate, a projection lens projecting light modulated by the liquid crystal panel, a first polarization plate placed on an optical path from the light source to the liquid crystal panel, a second polarization plate placed on an optical path from the liquid crystal panel to the projection lens, an optical-compensation plate placed between the liquid crystal panel and the second polarization plate, and the optical-compensation plate including a plate-like base and a retardation plate formed on a surface of the plate-like base.

Abstract: A surface emitting device includes a light emitter, a polarizer having a transmission axis along which light emerging from the light emitter is transmitted, and an optical sheet combination disposed between the light emitter and the polarizer and composed of a plurality of optical sheets. Each of the plurality of optical sheets includes an emergent surface for causing the emergent light to emerge, a spatial structure continuously arrayed on the emergent surface, a first optical axis parallel to an extension direction of the spatial structure and having a first refractive index, and a second optical axis parallel to an array direction of the spatial structure and having a second refractive index different from the first refractive index, wherein the first or second optical axis of a smaller one of the first and second refractive indices extends almost parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizer.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display which includes: a liquid crystal cell containing a pair of transparent substrates and a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules, sandwiched between the pair of the transparent substrates; and a polarizing plate, disposed on an outside of each transparent plate, and comprising at least a polarizer and an optical film containing at least first, second and third optical anisotropic layers, wherein the liquid crystal display device satisfies the following conditions (1) to (7).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display has (i) first and second substrates having electrodes and a pretilt angle of 88.5° to 89.5°, (ii) a liquid crystal layer, having a thickness d and made of liquid crystal molecule material which has a twist structure at a twist angle of 160° to 240° in a voltage application state, the liquid crystal layer containing chiral material having a pitch of p, where d/p is 0.2 to 0.74, (iii) a first polarizer disposed facing the first substrate, the first polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a first direction, (iv) a second polarizer disposed facing the second substrate, the second polarizer having as a transmission axis direction a second direction having an angle of 85° to 95° relative to the first direction, and (v) an optical anisotropic plate disposed at least one of between the first substrate and first polarizer and between the second substrate and second polarizer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a color filter substrate that includes a color filter array and a first substrate. The color filter array is disposed on the first substrate. The liquid crystal display device comprises a thin film transistor substrate that includes a thin film transistor array and a second substrate. The thin film transistor array is disposed on the second substrate. The second substrate is bonded with the first substrate with liquid crystal cells therebetween. The color filter substrate further includes an optical compensation layer that is formed of a reactive mesogen in the color filter array.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retardation layer capable of effectively restraining the display quality deterioration without generating a bright and dark pattern in the display image even when a retardation layer is disposed in between a liquid crystal cell and a polarizing plate. The retardation layer comprises a plurality of minute units (domains) having molecular structure of cholesteric structure. Moreover, in the retardation layer, the helical pitch of the molecular structure is adjusted such that the selective reflected wavelength of the selected reflected light deriving from the molecular structure is shorter than the wavelength of the incident light on the retardation layer.

Abstract: To determine the tilt angle in a twisted nematic liquid-crystal cell, the transmission of the cell is calculated as a function of the angle of incidence of a light beam of given wavelength ? using apparent values of the thickness of the cell cavity, of the extraordinary index and of the twist angle, in order to obtain a plurality of simulation curves, one per given pretilt angle, the transmission curve is measured as a function of the angle of incidence of the cell along the axis passing through the top and bottom positions of the cell, for the light beam of wavelength ?, using a contrast meter, and the coincidence between this measurement curve and a curve from among the plurality of simulation curves gives the pretilt angle of this cell.

Abstract: A defect detection method of a layered film having a polarizing plate and an optical compensation layer includes steps of: applying light from a light source arranged at the polarizing plate layer side of the film surface of the layered film; a step of imaging a transmitting light image of the layered film by an imaging unit arranged at the optical compensation layer side of the film surface; and a defect detection step for detecting a defect existing on the layered film according to the transmitting light image captured by the imaging unit. The imaging unit performs imaging via an inspection polarizing filter arranged on the optical path between the light source and the imaging unit and adjacent to the imaging unit; and an inspection phase difference filter arranged on the optical path between the light source and the imaging unit and between the inspection polarizing filter and the layered film.

Abstract: In an optical compensation film, when a direction that gives the maximum in-plane refractive index is X axis, an in-plane direction perpendicular to X axis is Y axis, a film thickness direction is Z axis, refractive indexes at the wavelength of 590 nm in each axis direction are nX, nY, and nZ respectively, and the film thickness is d, an in-plane retardation value defined as R=(nX?nY)·d and a thickness direction retardation value defined as Rth=|(nX+nY)/2?nZ|·d, both of which are measured under conditions at 23 degrees centigrade and a relative humidity of 50%, satisfy the inequalities of Rth/R?5 and R?9.5 (nm).

Abstract: A first polarizer and a second polarizer have respective absorption axes extending approximately perpendicularly to each other, and a first retardation plate and a third retardation plate have respective slow axes extending approximately perpendicularly to each other. The first retardation plate and the third retardation plate have respective retardations that are approximately equal to each other, and have respective Nz coefficients that are approximately equal to each other. A second retardation plate and a liquid crystal layer in a transmissive display area have a slow axis and an orientation axis, respectively, extending approximately perpendicularly to each other. The second retardation plate and the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display area have respective retardations that are approximately equal to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel or the present invention comprising a liquid crystal cell, a first polarizer and a second polarizer provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, a first optical compensation layer provided between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer, and a second optical compensation layer provided between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, wherein a wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystal cell satisfies Re40(450)>Re40(550)>Re40(650), an index ellipsoid of the first optical compensation layer satisfies a relationship of nx>nz>ny, and a wavelength dispersion of the second optical compensation layer satisfies Re40(450)?Re40(550)?Re40(650).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate sandwiching a liquid crystal layer therebetween, a first polarizer disposed adjacent to the first substrate at a side opposite to the side of the first polarizer facing the liquid crystal layer, with a first gap between the first polarizer and the first substrate, a second polarizer disposed adjacent to the second substrate at a side opposite to a side of the second polarizer facing the liquid crystal layer, with a second gap between the second polarizer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first and second gaps includes therein a first retardation film having a positive optical anisotropy and a second retardation film having a negative optical anisotropy, such that the first retardation film is disposed closer to the liquid crystal layer with respect to the second retardation film.

Abstract: An in-plane-switching-mode (IPS) LCD device includes a TFT substrate and a CF substrate sandwiching therebetween an LC layer, and a pair of polarizing films sandwiching therebetween the substrates and the LC layer. Each polarizing film has a polarization layer and a protective layer. An optical compensation layer having a birefringence is disposed between the light-emitting-side polarizing film and the CF substrate. The optical compensation layer has an in-plane retardation of N1 satisfying the following relationship: 83.050?0.8101×D1?N1?228.09?0.74D1 in the range of 0<D1?80 ?m, wherein D1 is the thickness of the protective layer of the light-incident-side polarizing film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal cell substrate, a liquid crystal panel, and a liquid crystal display whose thicknesses and weights can be reduced and optical characteristics at the time of producing them are easily controlled. The liquid crystal cell substrate 10 of the present invention is a liquid crystal cell substrate including a resin substrate 11 and an optical compensation layer 12, and the optical compensation layer 12 is laminated on the resin substrate 11. The optical compensation layer 12 has a refractive index distribution satisfying nx?ny>nz, and the optical compensation layer 12 is formed by applying a material for forming an optical compensation layer to the resin substrate 11 or a base substrate that is different from the resin substrate 11.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device including: a substrate (13) including a polarizing layer (11) on a light-input side; a substrate (14) including a polarizing layer (12) on another side, the polarizing layers having absorption axes substantially perpendicular; a liquid crystal layer (15) in which a liquid-crystal-molecule is aligned to be substantially horizontal to the substrates. In a case where an absorption axis of the polarizing layer (11) and an optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially perpendicular, the optical compensating members (17 and 18) may be provided between the polarizing layer (11) and the liquid crystal layer; the absorption axis of the polarizing layer (11) and a slow axis of the optical compensating members are substantially perpendicular; each pixel satisfies nx?ny?nz; thickness-direction retardation for pixels of one color is different from other colors; and the thickness-direction retardation for red pixels is larger than 0 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a transflective liquid crystal display device including a color filter substrate having a plurality of pixels, each including a reflective display part and a transmissive display part, and retardation plates each built in areas on a principal surface of the color filter substrate opposed to a liquid crystal layer, which correspond to the reflective display parts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polarizing plate that includes: a transparent protective film; a polarizer; and an optical compensation layer. The transparent protective film, the polarizer, and the optical compensation layer are laminated in this order. A moisture percentage of the polarizing plate is 2.8% by mass or less. The optical compensation layer includes a retardation film. The retardation film includes at least one resin selected from the group consisting of norbornene resins, cellulose resins, polyvinyl acetal resins, polyimide resins, polyester resins, and polycarbonate resins. The optical compensation layer shows an optical property represented by the following formula (I): nx>ny>nz ??(I).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including first and second substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer of positive dielectric anisotropy; a first polarizer adjacent the first substrate, with a first gap between the first polarizer and the first substrate; and a second polarizer adjacent the second substrate, with a second gap between the second polarizer and the second substrate. At least one of the first and second gaps includes an optically biaxial retardation film. The first and second polarizers are disposed such that optical absorption axes of the two polarizers cross each other perpendicularly. An in-plane retardation axis of the retardation film is oriented generally perpendicular with the optical absorption axis of the polarizer that is disposed at the same side of the retardation film with regard to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A display device for displaying a three dimensional image such that different views are displayed according to the viewing angle. The display device includes a display panel having separately addressable pixels for displaying the image, where the pixels are grouped such that different pixels in a group correspond to different views. The display device further includes a retarder in optical association with the display panel. The retarder includes retarder pixels, where at least one retarder pixel is associated with each corresponding pixel in the display panel. Optical parameters of the retarder pixels are varied as function of the viewing angle associated with the corresponding pixel in the display panel.

Abstract: An optical film containing a polymer having at least a repeating unit represented by following general formula (I): The optical film is excellent in heat resistance, transparency and processability because it contains a polymer having a naphthyl group in a molecular structure. In addition, when a retardation film is produced by drawing the optical film, a composition ratio of the polymer can be adjusted in a specific range so that the retardation film exhibits inverse wavelength dispersion properties such that higher retardation value is offered in measuring by light with longer wavelength. The retardation film having such properties is extremely useful for improving display properties of a liquid crystal display device. The optical film is also used in the production of a polarizing plate.

Abstract: A cellulose composition, containing: a cellulose compound; a compound represented by formula (I); and a low molecular weight compound (A); wherein molecular absorption wavelength of the compound (A) derived from an electric dipole transition moment My in a direction approximately orthogonal to a molecular long axis direction, is longer than that derived from an electric dipole transition moment Mx in a direction approximately parallel to the molecular long axis direction; and wherein |My| is larger than |Mx|: wherein L1 to L4 represent a single bond or a specific divalent linking group; Y1 and Y2 represent an alkyl group; Ra, Rb and Rc represent a substituent; m represents an integer of 0 to 4; t represents an integer of 1 or 2; and m11 and m12 represent an integer of 0 to 10.