Abstract: An elliptically polarizing plate and an organic light-emitting device. The elliptically polarizing plate provides superior visibility, and excellent reflection characteristics and color characteristics on the side as well as the front of a device, and an organic light-emitting device comprising the same.

Abstract: A glazing (10) comprising a switchable optical device (26) is proposed. The switchable optical device (26) has a layer structure comprising in this order a first substrate (12), a switchable layer (18) and a second substrate (24). Further, at least one of the first substrate (12) and the second substrate (24) is attached to a further sheet (30) by means of an adhesive tape (40) or an optically clear adhesive (48). Further aspects of the invention relate to a laminated structure and an insulated glazing unit comprising such a glazing (10) and a method for manufacturing of such a glazing (10).

Abstract: A display device, a method of manufacturing the same and a tiled display device including the same are provided. The display device includes a substrate including a first contact hole, a laser absorption layer on the substrate and containing amorphous silicon, a first barrier insulating layer on the laser absorption layer, a fan-out line on the first barrier insulating layer as a first metal layer and including a pad portion in a second contact hole located in the first barrier insulating layer and the laser absorption layer, a display layer on the fan-out line, and a flexible film under the substrate and in the first contact hole and electrically connected to the pad portion.

Abstract: The phase difference compensation element that is used in combination with a liquid crystal cell provided with a liquid crystal layer in which an optical axis of liquid crystal molecules is inclined and that compensates for a phase difference of light generated in the liquid crystal layer, the phase difference compensation element includes a substrate and a phase difference film having at least one oblique vapor deposition layer on at least one substrate surface of the substrate, and the phase difference compensation element is disposed in an aspect in which an intersecting angle between a slow-axis direction of the phase difference film and a fast-axis direction of the liquid crystal layer, which is a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the inclined optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules is projected onto the substrate surface, is ?25° to +25°.

Abstract: An elliptically polarizing plate and an organic light-emitting device. The elliptically polarizing plate has superior visibility and excellent reflection characteristics and color characteristics on the side as well as the front, and an organic light-emitting device comprising the same.

Abstract: Provided is an elliptically polarizing plate and an organic light-emitting device. The elliptically polarizing plate of the present application can provide an elliptically polarizing plate with superior visibility having excellent reflection characteristics and color characteristics on the side as well as the front, and an organic light-emitting device comprising the same.

Abstract: An improvement in image quality is achieved by compensating for a phase difference occurring in tilted light to achieve an improvement in contrast while suppressing luminance irregularity when in black display. An optical compensation device includes: a first optical compensation unit configured to generate a phase difference that has a substantially equal amount and a reverse sign in light with each incidence angle within a predetermined incidence angle range on a vertical alignment type liquid crystal panel with respect to a phase difference occurring from the liquid crystal panel; and a second optical compensation unit configured to generate a phase difference in an in-plane direction. The first optical compensation unit can appropriately compensate for a phase difference occurring in tilted light passing through a liquid crystal panel and the second optical compensation unit can suppress luminance irregularity when in black display.

Abstract: An optical element is provided. The optical element includes an optical film including a birefringent material having a chirality. Optically anisotropic molecules of the birefringent material disposed adjacent a first surface of the optical film are configured with a first pretilt angle in a range of greater than 10° and less than 80°, or in a range of greater than ?80° and less than ?10°. Optically anisotropic molecules of the birefringent material disposed adjacent a second surface of the optical film opposing the first surface are configured with a second pretilt angle in the range of greater than 10° and less than 80°, or in the range of greater than ?80° and less than ?10°.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, an opposite substrate opposite to the substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrate and the opposite substrate, a pixel array disposed between the substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and first polarized patterns. The pixel array includes a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of active devices, and a plurality of first electrodes. The active devices are electrically connected to the scan lines and the data lines. The first electrodes are disposed on the substrate. Each of the first electrodes includes a plurality of slits. The first polarized patterns overlap with the first electrodes in a direction perpendicular to the substrate. The first polarized patterns are disposed between the substrate and the opposite substrate. An extending direction of the first polarized patterns is different from an extending direction of the slits.

Abstract: A transmittance-variable film and the use thereof are provided. The transmittance-variable film can be useful in switching between a clear state and a dark state and reducing a difference in contrast ratio between left and right viewing angles, thereby securing excellent bilateral symmetry. Such a transmittance-variable film can be applied to various applications including various materials for buildings or vehicles requiring the control of transmissivity, or eyewear such as goggles for sports or experiencing augmented realities, sunglasses, helmets, etc.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; a switching element including a control electrode disposed on the first substrate, one electrode disposed on the control electrode, and another electrode disposed on the control electrode and spaced apart from the one electrode; a contact hole extending to at least a part of the another electrode of the switching element; a pixel electrode including a contact portion disposed on the another electrode of the switching element and overlapping at least a part of the another electrode to which the contact hole extends, and a body portion electrically connected with the contact portion; and a column spacer disposed on the pixel electrode and at least partially overlapping the contact hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical film and method of manufacturing the same. The optical film of the present invention includes an acrylic resin and a core-shell type graft copolymer wherein the core includes a conjugate diene rubber, and the shell includes an acrylic monomer, an aromatic vinyl monomer, and a maleimide monomer.

Abstract: An optical film that includes a reflective polarizer and a stretched polymer film is disclosed. The stretched polymer film is laminated to the reflective polarizer, and the stretched polymer film exhibits a refractive index symmetry point at an angle of incidence in air of at least about 60 degrees in a plane of incidence parallel to a direction of greatest stretch.

Abstract: A polarizer for use in an IPS-LCD includes: a polarizing element; and a retardation film laminate attached to a surface of the polarizing element. The retardation film laminate includes a combination of a +B film and a ?B film or a combination of a +B film and a +A film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first insulation substrate; a gate line and a data line formed on the first insulation substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode formed on the gate line and the data line and overlapping each other via an insulating layer interposed therebetween; a second insulation substrate facing the first insulation substrate; and a chiral dopant inserted between the first insulation substrate and the second insulation substrate. A content of the chiral dopant may be within about 1%, and liquid crystal molecules of a liquid crystal layer may be twisted with a pitch of about 10 ?m to about 100 ?m by the chiral dopant.

Abstract: A layered phase difference film including, in the following order: a resin layer A1 formed of a resin A1 having a positive intrinsic birefringence; a resin layer B formed of a resin B having a negative intrinsic birefringence; and a resin layer A2 formed of a resin A2 having a positive intrinsic birefringence, wherein the resin layer A1 and the resin layer B are in direct contact with each other, the resin layer B and the resin layer A2 are in direct contact with each other, the resin layer A1 and the resin layer A2 are negative C-plates, the resin layer B is a positive B-plate, and the layered phase difference film has an Nz coefficient within a range of 0 to 1.

Abstract: Provided are a polarizing plate and a display. The illustrative polarizing plate may exhibit desired characteristics in a wide range of wavelengths, and have excellent reflection and visibility at an inclined angle. For example, the polarizing plate may be used in a reflective or transflective liquid crystal display or an organic light emitting device.

Abstract: To provide an optically anisotropic substance having a negative uniaxial phase difference film and a positive uniaxial phase difference film, and excellent heat resistance and sputtering resistance. The positive uniaxial phase difference film is formed in combination with a bifunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound, the negative uniaxial phase difference film is formed in combination of the bifunctional polymerizable liquid crystal compound with an optically active compound having a polymerizable binaphthol moiety, and additional thermosetting treatment (postcure) is applied after the negative uniaxial phase difference film is photocured, and when glass transition temperature after the negative uniaxial phase difference film is cured is 85° C. or higher and 115° C. or lower, additional thermosetting treatment temperature is adjusted to 220° C. or higher and 250° C. or lower, and when the glass transition temperature is higher than 115° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nematic liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy with an absolute value from 2 to 8 at 25° C., the composition containing at least one liquid crystal compound having a negative dielectric anisotropy with an absolute value of 4 or more and at least one antioxidant, wherein the amount of the liquid crystal compound is not less than 3%; the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display device using such a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. A planar region of the pair of substrates has at least one display pixel region and at least one viewing-angle control pixel region that performs dark display in the front direction of surfaces of the pair of substrates and has brightness variable depending on a viewing angle in an oblique direction to the normal direction of the surfaces of the pair of substrates. A pair of electrodes driving the liquid crystal layer is provided in the display pixel region and the viewing-angle control pixel region. A voltage applied between the pair of electrodes in the viewing-angle control pixel region at the time of driving the liquid crystal layer in the viewing-angle control pixel region is higher than a voltage applied between the pair of electrodes in the display pixel region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a negative C-type retardation compensator for a liquid crystal display. The negative C-type retardation compensator for the liquid crystal display includes polyarlate having a thio group or a sulfur oxide group in a polymer main chain thereof. Accordingly, the retardation compensator has an absolute value of negative retardation that is larger in a thickness direction that a retardation compensator which includes polyarylate having no thio group or sulfur oxide group in a polymer main chain thereof even though the retardation compensator having the thio group or sulfur oxide group and the retardation compensator having no thio group or sulfur oxide group are the same as each other in thickness. Thereby, the negative C-type retardation compensator for liquid crystal displays is capable of being desirably applied to the liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: A rubbing system for an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display (LCD) device, comprises: a rubbing table on which a substrate having an alignment layer thereon is positioned; a rubbing roll on which a rubbing material is wound, substantially positioned on the rubbing table thus to substantially contact the alignment layer, for rubbing the alignment layer by rotation of the rubbing roll; and a controlling unit for controlling the alignment layer to be rubbed by substantially contacting the rubbing roll onto the alignment layer by simultaneously lifting and lowering a rubbing table and the rubbing roll according to an alignment controlling force to be applied to the alignment layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical film produced by a method comprising continuously discharging a molten resin on a casting roll through a die lip of an extruder, wherein the molten resin contains a copolymer of (A) 75 to 99% by weight of an (meth)acrylate monomer that, when homopolymerized, has a negative intrinsic birefringence, and (B) 1 to 25% by weight of an (meth)acrylate monomer that, when homopolymerized, has a positive intrinsic birefringence, and a velocity ratio V2/V1 of 1.2 to 15 is satisfied wherein V1 represents a discharge velocity of the molten resin from the die lip, m/min; and V2 represents a surface velocity of the casting roll, m/min.

Abstract: Disclosed is a patterned retarder film which comprises a substrate, a patterned configuration layer and a liquid crystal layer. The patterned configuration layer includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions A liquid crystal layer is disposed on the patterned configuration layer, wherein liquid crystal molecules above the first regions is arranged irregularly because of the protrusions, the liquid crystal molecules above the second regions are aligned with the aligning micro-structures. The liquid crystal layer in above the first regions provides a first phase retardation, the liquid crystal layer above the second regions provides a second phase retardation, and the difference between the first phase retardation and the second phase retardation is 180°. The method for manufacturing the same is disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizing plate placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizing plate and a third polarizing plate placed on another side of the liquid crystal cell in the stated order from a side of the liquid crystal cell; a first retardation plate placed between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizing plate; and a second retardation plate placed between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizing plate, in which: refractive index ellipsoids of the first retardation plate and the second retardation plate exhibit a relationship of nx>ny>nz; and a transmittance (T2) of the second polarizing plate is larger than a transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate, and a transmittance (T3) of the third polarizing plate is equal to or larger than the transmittance (T1) of the first polarizing plate.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first insulative substrate, a second insulative substrate, a first polarizer disposed on an outer surface side of the first insulative substrate, a second polarizer disposed on an outer surface side of the second insulative substrate, and a first retardation plate and a second retardation plate, which are stacked between the second insulative substrate and the second polarizer. When a retardation in the thickness direction, which is defined by ((nx+ny)/2?nz)*d, is Rth, the first retardation plate has a negative first retardation Rth1, the second retardation plate has a positive second retardation Rth2, and a contribution degree of the second retardation Rth2, which is defined by |Rth2|*100/(|Rth1|+|Rth2|), is 40%±3%.

Abstract: Described herein is an LCD device in which retardation may be removed from a glass substrate when stress is applied to a display screen, thereby minimizing light leakage from the display screen. In the LCD device, a film having a negative photo-elastic constant (NPEC) is arranged to adjoin glass substrates so as to remove photo-elasticity. Specifically, in the LCD device, the NPEC films having negative photo-elasticity are respectively arranged at upper and lower sides of a liquid crystal cell, wherein the liquid crystal cell includes opposing glass substrates with a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle in which compensation films are provided between a liquid crystal display panel and each polarizer so as to change polarized states of input and output light of the liquid crystal display panel via the polarizers, thereby preventing light leakage in a diagonal direction of the liquid crystal display device in a normally black mode.

Abstract: An optical film assembly includes a first polarization plate disposed below a liquid crystal layer and having a first absorption axis, a second polarization plate disposed above the liquid crystal layer and having a second absorption axis, an A-plate disposed between the first polarization plate and the second polarization plate, and a negative C-plate disposed between the first polarization plate and the second polarization plate. A thickness-direction phase retardation value of the negative C-plate is equal to or less than a value acquired by subtracting about 75 nanometers from a thickness-direction phase retardation value of the liquid crystal layer and the thickness-direction phase retardation value of the negative C-plate is equal to or greater than a value acquired by subtracting about 275 nanometers from the thickness-direction phase retardation value of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A LCD device has a LC layer sandwiched between a TFT substrate and a counter substrate, first and second polarizing films, a first ?/2 film between the first polarizing film and the counter substrate, and a second ?/2 film between the second polarizing film and the TFT substrate. Angle ?1 between the direction of the optical axis of the LC layer and the polarized direction of the light entering the LC layer satisfies the relationship: 0 degree<?1<45 degrees. The resultant LCD device has lower leakage light and coloring.

Abstract: An optical film includes: a layer A formed of a resin composition P1 containing a resin x1 having a positive intrinsic birefringence value and a resin y1 having a negative intrinsic birefringence value; and a layer B formed of a resin composition P2 containing a resin x2 having a positive intrinsic birefringence value and a resin y2 having a negative intrinsic birefringence value. In the optical film, retardations R450, R550, and R650 at an incident angle of 0° satisfy the relationship of R450<R550<R650, and retardation Re at an incident angle of 0° and retardation R40 at an incident angle of 40°. satisfy the relationship of 0.92?R40/Re?1.08. Also provided is a liquid crystal display device including the optical film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a negative C-type retardation compensator for a liquid crystal display. The negative C-type retardation compensator for the liquid crystal display includes polyarylate having a thio group or a sulfur oxide group in a polymer main chain thereof. Accordingly, the retardation compensator has an absolute value of negative retardation that is larger in a thickness direction than a retardation compensator which includes polyarylate having no thio group or sulfur oxide group in a polymer main chain thereof even though the retardation compensator having the thio group or sulfur oxide group and the retardation compensator having no thio group or sulfur oxide group are the same as each other in thickness. Thereby, the negative C-type retardation compensator for liquid crystal displays is capable of being desirably applied to the liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal panel (2) disposed between two linear polarization plates (1, 3) and a triacetyl cellulose film having biaxial optical anisotropy (4), the triacetyl cellulose film having biaxial optical anisotropy (4) (i) being disposed further from the screen front side than a front polarization plate, which is one of the two linear polarization plates (1, 3), and (ii) having a planar retardation comprised in a range from 40 nm to 100 nm. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device allowing an observer to perceive, through polarized sunglasses and with a high display quality, an image on a screen not only from a frontal viewpoint but also if an azimuth angle and a polar angle at which viewpoints are set are shifted from the frontal viewpoint.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that has a higher contrast ratio in a wide viewing angle and that can be easily produced at low cost.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizer placed on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizer placed on another side of the liquid crystal cell; a biaxial optical element placed between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer; and a negative C plate placed between the second polarizer and the biaxial optical element. A direction of an absorption axis of the first polarizer is substantially perpendicular to a direction of an absorption axis of the second polarizer. A refractive index ellipsoid of the biaxial optical element has a relationship of nx>nz>ny and a direction of a slow axis of the biaxial optical element is substantially parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer. A refractive index ellipsoid of the negative C plate has a relationship of nx=ny>nz.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a VA-mode liquid-crystal display device comprising a front-side polarizing element (14), a rear-side polarizing element (12), a VA-mode liquid-crystal cell (LC) disposed between the front-side polarizing element and the rear-side polarizing element, and a first retardation region (16) comprising one or more retardation layers between the rear-side polarizing element and the VA-mode liquid-crystal cell, wherein the first retardation region satisfies 0 nm?Re(590)?10 nm, and |Rth(590)|?25 nm. Re(?) means retardation (nm) in plane at a wavelength ? nm, and Rth(?) means retardation (nm) along the thickness direction at a wavelength ? nm.

Abstract: A display device includes: a panel; a light source provided on a surface disposed with facing at an interval of a predetermined distance from the back of the panel of said panel; and at least one optical sheet placed in front of said light source; wherein said optical sheet is placed with predetermined inclination angle to the above back of the panel so that it becomes closer from the top end to the bottom end of the back of the panel of said panel.

Abstract: Optical compensation films (positive C-plate) with disk anisotropic subunits (OASUs) that have high positive birefringence throughout the wavelength range 400 nm<?<800 nm are provided. The optical compensation films may be processed by solution casting to yield a polymer film with high birefringence without the need for stretching, photopolymerization, or other processes. Such optical compensation films are suitable for use as a positive C-plate in LCDs, particularly IPS-LCDs.

Abstract: The present invention is a lengthy-shaped polarizing plate comprising a linearly-polarized light separation element, a linear light polarizing film and a protection film in this order, wherein said linearly-polarized light separation element includes a layer composed of a resin A whose inherent birefringence value is negative and has a linearly-polarized light transmission axis in a crosswise direction.

Abstract: An optical touch screen device includes a light output panel, a first polarizer, a first light-pervious plate, a liquid crystal layer and an image capture module. The light output panel includes a first surface for outputting light rays. The first polarizer is stacked on the first surface. The first light-pervious plate is arranged facing the first polarizer. The liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first polarizer and the first light-pervious plate. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules aligned in predetermined orientations. The image capture module has a viewing field covering an entire surface of the first light-pervious plate. The image capture module includes a second polarizer. The second polarizer has a polarization axis associated thereof. The liquid crystal layer is configured for causing light transmitting therethrough to have a polarization direction perpendicular to the second polarization axis.

Abstract: In an LCD device, a circular polarizer is provided to each of two substrates that hold a liquid crystal layer. The circular polarizer on the display surface side includes a polarizer, ?/2 plate in which Rth>0, and a ?/4 plate in which Rth<0; and the circular polarizer on the backlight side includes a polarizer, a ?/2 plate in which Rth<0, and a ?/4 plate in which Rth>0. Rth is a retardation in the thickness direction of a ?/2 plate or a ?/4 plate. The absolute value of the sum of the Rth between the ?/2 plate for which Rth>0 and the ?/2 plate for which Rth<0 is reduced, and in the absolute value of the sum of the Rth between the ?/4 plate for which Rth<0 and the ?/4 plate for which Rth>0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color liquid crystal panel in an o-mode of an IPS mode, which has a multi-gap structure, and in which a contrast in an oblique direction is enhanced. A first polarizer 1 is provided on a color filter 6 side of a liquid crystal cell 10 and a second polarizer 8 is provided on a liquid crystal layer 5 side of the liquid crystal cell 10. Further, a retardation film 2 is provided between the second polarizer 8 and the liquid crystal cell 10. The liquid crystal cell 10 has a configuration in which the color filter 6 is laminated on a glass substrate 3, and a liquid crystal layer 5 is interposed between the color filter 6 and a glass substrate 7. Regarding the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 5, a thickness dB of a region in contact with the blue color filter 6B is smallest, and a thickness dG of a region in contact with the green color filter 6G and a thickness dR of a region in contact with the red color filter 6R increase in this order.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an integrated O film for improving a viewing angle of a TN-LCD, and a polarizer plate and TN-LCD including the same. Also disclosed herein are a compensation film which is capable of improving a contrast characteristic at a front side and an inclination angle and minimizing a color variation according to a viewing angle in a dark state, and a polarizer plate and TN-LCD including the same. The integrated O film includes a transversely-stretched negative biaxial (B) film and a positive O film laminated on the transversely-stretched negative B film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device that has a higher contrast ratio in a wide viewing angle and that can be easily produced at low cost. The liquid crystal display device may include polarizers and multiple birefringent layers. A first birefringent layer (I) can have an in-plane slow axis forming an angle of about 45° with an absorption axis of the first polarizer; the second birefringent layer (I) can have an in-plane slow axis substantially orthogonal to the in-plane slow axis of the first birefringent layer (I).

Abstract: Disclosed are a display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a pixel electrode formed on the first substrate and having a plurality of branches. A plurality of alignment sections are interposed among the branches. An auxiliary liquid crystal layer having discotic liquid crystals is formed on the pixel electrode and the alignment sections. A main liquid crystal layer having a vertical alignment mode is formed on the auxiliary liquid crystal layer. A common electrode is formed on the main liquid crystal layer to apply an electric field to the main liquid crystal layer together with the pixel electrode. A second substrate is formed on the common electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates with first and second polarizing layers, a liquid-crystal layer, a matrix-driven electrode group; and a rear-illuminating device. Between the first polarizing layer and the liquid-crystal layer, a first optical compensating member is disposed without a birefringent medium sandwiched between the liquid-crystal layer and the first optical compensating member, and the first optical compensating member is constructed so that when a refractive index thereof in a slow-axis direction in a plane parallel to the substrate is taken as n1, a refractive index in a fast-axis direction in the plane parallel to the substrate is taken as n2, and a refractive index in a thickness direction is taken as n3, the first optical compensating member satisfies n1?n3>n2, and a slow axis thereof in the plane parallel to the substrate is substantially vertical to an optical axis of the liquid-crystal layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal panel that can provide a neutral display that is free from coloring in every direction. The liquid crystal panel includes a first polarizer 14a, a second polarizer 14b, and a liquid crystal cell 13. The first polarizer 14a is arranged on the visible side of the liquid crystal cell 13 and the second polarizer 14b is arranged on the backlight side of the liquid crystal cell 13. The liquid crystal panel further includes a first retardation layer 11 and a second retardation layer 12. A refractive index ellipsoid of the first retardation layer 11 has a relationship of nx=ny>nz, and a refractive index ellipsoid of the second retardation layer 12 has a relationship of nx>ny?nz. The first retardation layer 11 and the second retardation layer 12 are arranged between the liquid crystal cell 13 and the second polarizer 14b.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cellulose ester film which rarely causes the attachment of foreign matters to the surface of a conveying roll or the failure of film transfer induced by the attachment of the foreign matters, which is free of the partial deformation caused by foreign matters on the conveying roll, exhibits high durability after saponification treatment, has good close adhesion to a polarizer, and has excellent processing suitability in the processing into a polarizer. Also disclosed is a method for producing the cellulose ester film by a melt-casting process. Further disclosed are; a protective film for a polarizing plate, which has high film strength; a polarizing plate having high durability; and a liquid crystal display having high image quality; each comprising the cellulose ester film. The cellulose ester film comprises a cellulose ester, a compound represented by the general formula (1) and a compound represented by the general formula (2).

Abstract: A vertically aligned liquid crystal cell to be simple-matrix driven is disposed between two polarizing plates crossed-Nicol disposed, the liquid crystal cell including a liquid crystal layer having a retardation in a cross section in a thickness direction larger than 550 nm. A C plate and a biaxial plate are disposed collectively between the liquid crystal cell and one of the polarizing plates, the C plate being disposed on the liquid crystal cell side and the biaxial plate being disposed on the polarizing plate side. The biaxial plate is disposed in such a manner that the in-plane delay phase axis of the biaxial plate is perpendicular to the absorption axis of the adjacent polarizing plate.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pair of substrates, and an optical compensation plate pair including a first optical compensation plate and a second optical compensation plate, the first optical compensation plate being formed of a negative uniaxial crystal and the second optical compensation plate being formed of a positive uniaxial crystal. The optical compensation plate pair is configured such that an optical phase difference caused by a difference in thickness between the first optical compensation plate and the second optical compensation plate cancels an optical phase difference generated by the liquid crystal panel.