Abstract: Disclosed are a TFT array substrate, a method for fabricating the same and a display device. The TFT array substrate includes a plurality of pixel units, each of the plurality of pixel units includes a common electrode (9). The common electrode (9), is comb-shaped, and includes a plurality of strip electrodes and a plurality of slits. Each of the strip electrodes is configured for reflecting light incident on the strip electrode, and each of the slits is configured for transmitting light incident on the slit. As the comb-shaped common electrode with both a reflective region and a transmissive region is formed through a single patterning process, the fabrication process is simplified and the fabrication cost and difficulty are reduced.

Abstract: A pixel structure of display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first pixel electrode, a patterned insulation layer, a second pixel electrode and a common electrode. The first substrate has a plurality of alignment regions. The second substrate and the first substrate are disposed opposite to each other. The first pixel electrode is a full-surfaced electrode, which includes a plurality of branch electrodes disposed in the alignment regions. The patterned insulation layer is disposed between the first pixel electrode and the liquid crystal layer. The second pixel electrode is disposed in at least one boundary of each of the alignment regions. The common electrode is disposed on the second substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which even in the case of using a photo-alignment technique, excellent afterimage characteristics can be stably obtained. Provided is a liquid crystal display device including a TFT substrate having an alignment film, an opposed substrate which is arranged to face the TFT substrate and on which an alignment film is formed, and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the alignment films, wherein the alignment films are materials that can provide a liquid crystal alignment restraining force by irradiating polarized light, and the ratio of oxygen atoms on the surface of the alignment film is higher than that in the alignment film.

Abstract: A pixel structure of display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first pixel electrode, an insulation layer, a second pixel electrode and a common electrode. The first substrate has a plurality of alignment regions. The second substrate and the first substrate are disposed opposite to each other. The first pixel electrode is a patterned electrode, which includes a plurality of branch electrodes disposed in the alignment regions. The insulation layer is disposed between the first pixel electrode and the liquid crystal layer. The second pixel electrode is a patterned electrode disposed in at least one boundary of each of the alignment regions. The common electrode is disposed on the second substrate.

Abstract: First alignment is performed by forming an alignment layer that includes a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer on a substrate and the like, introducing liquid crystal, and bringing the liquid crystal into contact with the alignment layer including the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. The liquid crystal is then subjected to secondary alignment by photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer including the alignment layer to form an alignment regulator in a state in which an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal to hange the alignment of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device that includes forming an inorganic alignment layer by emitting an alignment film material that is made of an inorganic material in an oblique direction onto a substrate, and forming an organic alignment layer that is a monomolecular film made of an organic material chemically bonded with the inorganic alignment layer on a surface of the inorganic alignment layer by treating the surface of the inorganic alignment layer with a silane coupling agent that has an alkyl group, wherein a pretilt angle of a liquid crystal molecule is set to a desired angle by selecting the silane coupling agent by the number of carbon atoms.

Abstract: A switchable viewing angle display method is provided. The method provides a front panel array of display pixels. Also provided is an array of microlenses underlying the array of display pixels. Each microlens has a focal point and each microlens is associated with a corresponding block of display pixels. A backlight panel has an edge-coupled waveguide pipe with an optical input connected to a column of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The backlight panel includes a top array of selectively enabled extraction pixels, a planar mirror underlying the waveguide pipe, and a bottom array of selectively enabled extraction pixels interposed between the waveguide pipe and the planar mirror. In response to accepting a display viewing angle change command, an extraction pixel is enabled from either the top array or the bottom array, and a waveguide pipe light extraction position is formed, changing the viewing angle.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrically-driven liquid crystal lens in which a rubbing direction is defined in a range of 30˜90 degrees with respect to a longitudinal direction of an electrode, achieving an improved lens profile and lens symmetry, and a stereoscopic display device using the same.

Abstract: First alignment is performed by forming an alignment layer that includes a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer on a substrate and the like, introducing liquid crystal, and bringing the liquid crystal into contact with the alignment layer including the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. The liquid crystal is then subjected to secondary alignment by photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer including the alignment layer to form an alignment regulator in a state in which an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal to change the alignment of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A switchable viewing angle display method is provided, using arrayed microlenses and a waveguide pipe with selectable light extraction positions. The method provides a front panel array of display pixels. Also provided is an array of microlenses underlying the array of display pixels. Each microlens has a focal point and each microlens is associated with a corresponding block of display pixels. A backlight panel has an edge-coupled waveguide pipe with an optical input connected to a column of light emitting diodes (LEDs). The backlight panel includes an array extraction pixels, each extraction pixel underlying a corresponding microlens, and the backlight panel also includes a planar mirror underlying the waveguide pipe. In response to a display viewing angle change command, a waveguide pipe's light extraction position is selected, which is the distance between the extraction pixels and their corresponding microlenses, and the display viewing angle is changed.

Abstract: A display device that prevents occurrence of a phenomenon where a boundary portion of a pixel region becomes dark, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: First alignment is performed by forming an alignment layer that includes a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer on a substrate and the like, introducing liquid crystal, and bringing the liquid crystal into contact with the alignment layer including the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. The liquid crystal is then subjected to secondary alignment by photopolymerizing the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer including the alignment layer to form an alignment regulator in a state in which an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal to change the alignment of the liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element for performing a display by a VA mode includes a first substrate including a first electrode, a liquid crystal layer including a liquid crystal molecule exhibiting a negative dielectric anisotropy, and a second substrate facing the first substrate with the liquid crystal layer in between, and including a second electrode facing the first electrode. Only the first electrode, or both of the first electrode and the second electrode are provided with a structure generating a distortion in an electric field, and the liquid crystal molecule located on the second substrate side has a pre-tilt angle larger than that of the liquid crystal molecule located on the first substrate side.

Abstract: A display panel includes a lower substrate, an upper substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer includes a plurality of domains, a horizontal domain boundary texture area and a vertical domain boundary texture area. The domains are disposed in a matrix shape. The horizontal domain boundary texture area extends in a first direction in a boundary between the domains adjacent to each other in a second direction and has a slope of a liquid crystal slowly (e.g., less) inclined compared to that of the domains. The vertical domain boundary texture area extends in the second direction in a boundary between the domains adjacent to each other in the first direction and has a width larger than that of the horizontal domain boundary texture area.

Abstract: A stereoscopic optical device includes a substrate, an alignment film and a liquid crystal layer. The alignment film includes at least one first region and at least one second region. The liquid crystal layer, disposed on the alignment film, includes first liquid crystal molecules and second liquid crystal molecules. The first liquid crystal molecules correspond to the first region of the alignment film and have a first pre-tilt angle, the second liquid crystal molecules correspond to the second region of the alignment film and have a second pre-tilt angle. The fast axis of the first liquid crystal molecules and the fast axis of the second crystal molecules substantially face the same direction, and the slow axis of the first liquid crystal molecules and the slow axis of the second liquid crystal molecules substantially face in the same direction.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a liquid crystal display device includes a first gate line, a second gate line, a common line, a first electrode, an insulation film, and a second electrode. The common line includes a first edge, which has a non-linear shape and is formed at a first distance from the first gate line, and a second edge, which is formed at a second distance, which is shorter than the first distance, from the second gate line. The first electrode is disposed between the first gate line and the second gate line and put in contact with the common line. The insulation film is disposed above the first electrode. The second electrode is disposed above the insulation film, opposed to the first electrode, extending immediately above the first edge of the common line, and having a slit formed therein.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compensation film, a manufacturing method thereof and a liquid crystal display, which can obtain a wider viewing angle. The liquid crystal display can secure a wider viewing angle by providing the compensation film formed of multi-layered cholesteric liquid crystal layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display including: a first substrate, a gate line formed disposed on the first substrate, a first data line and a second data lines formed both of which are disposed on the first substrate, and insulated from and intersection disposed substantially perpendicular to the gate line, a first thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the first data line, a second thin film transistor connected to the gate line and the second data line, a first pixel electrode connected to the first thin film transistor, a second pixel electrode connected to the second thin film transistor, a second substrate facing disposed substantially opposite to the first substrate, a common electrode formed disposed on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and including biaxial liquid crystal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polarization layer for an LCD and a manufacturing method thereof that improve light transmittance and polarization performance of a polarization layer by controlling a pre-tilt angle of an alignment layer. The manufacturing method of the present invention includes forming an alignment layer treated by inorganic alignment, forming a liquid crystal mixture including a dichroic dye, a liquid crystal monomer, a photo-initiator, and a gelator on the alignment layer, irradiating light to the liquid crystal mixture for photo-polymerizing it, and forming a color filter (CF) or a thin film transistor (TFT) on the polymerized and solidified liquid crystal mixture. Accordingly, the polarization layer manufactured by the present invention has the high light transmittance thereby increasing the polarization efficiency and realizing the liquid crystal display of high quality compared with the conventional polarization layer by the rubbing alignment.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate including a first insulating substrate, a first electrode located on the first insulating substrate, and a second electrode located between the first insulating substrate and the first electrode via an insulating underlayer interposed between the second and the first electrode, a substrate including a second insulating substrate and a third electrode on the second insulating substrate, a liquid crystal layer which is held between the first and the third electrode and which exhibits a transition from a first state to a second state in an initializing process, and a voltage supply unit which supplies, a first voltage to the first and the second electrodes and a second voltage to the third electrode, wherein the first electrode includes a transition nucleus forming section which forms nuclei of the transition in the liquid crystal layer on the basis of the respective voltages supplied to the respective electrodes.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a method of forming a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) layer including a dichroic dye. A first PDLC layer including the dichroic dye and a second PDLC layer having no dichroic dye may be bonded to each other so as to form the desired PDLC layer.

Abstract: A method includes for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device includes: a sealant supplying step of supplying an uncured sealant to a first substrate or a second substrate; a dropping step of dropping a liquid mixture of a liquid crystal material and an additive to a region inside the sealant; a bonding step of bonding the first substrate and the second substrate with the sealant and the liquid mixture interposed therebetween to form a bonded substrate; and a curing step of applying the predetermined curing conditions with a voltage being applied to a terminal portion, and thereby curing the sealant and altering the additive to give a pretilt angle to liquid crystal molecules.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes: a circuit substrate; a counter substrate disposed so as to be opposed to the circuit substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the circuit substrate and the counter substrate, the liquid crystal layer showing vertical alignment as an initial alignment state; a first alignment layer manufactured on a side of the counter substrate using a coating process, the side facing the liquid crystal layer, the first alignment layer having a vertical alignment function; and a second alignment layer manufactured on a side of the circuit substrate using a vacuum process, the side facing the liquid crystal layer, the second alignment layer generating a pretilt.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of substrates with at least one liquid crystal cell therebetween, filled with a mixture of an alignment solution and liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules are exposed to UV rays and a first voltage is applied to the pair of substrates to form a polymer network in each of the liquid crystal cells. Thus, the liquid crystal molecules achieve a bend state without transiting from a splay state. Further, a method of aligning the liquid crystal molecules is provided.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device, a method for creating desirable pretilt angle by means of topography of the substrates, such as a surface that is sloped with respect to the surface of the electrodes. In combination with a low pretilt but highly photo-stable alignment layer, which may be very resistant to high levels of ultraviolet radiation, a high pretilt and photo-stable alignment structure is generated, by essentially combining two incompatible technical approaches. The ever more stringent requirements for projection displays are met. The methods for producing such sloped surfaces and the considerations related to design of the sloped surfaces are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal display including substrates, a liquid crystal, an orientation layer, and electrodes. The orientation layer includes a base layer having a principal surface provided with a plurality of grooves in parallel, and a coating film covering the principal surface. The coating film has a horizontally orienting ability to orient in parallel the molecular major axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the condition where no voltage is impressed on the principal surface. The grooves each extend along a predetermined direction, and are arrayed repeatedly at a given pitch along the direction orthogonal to the predetermined direction.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a first substrate including a first electrode and a second substrate including a second electrode which is bonded with the first substrate through an alignment film and a liquid crystal layer. There are polymer structures for aligning liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction formed in a liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal molecules have pre-tilt angles substantially equal to each other between a display part and a peripheral part of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A transmissive liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates, a common electrode on one of the substrates, a pixel electrode on the other substrate, a liquid crystal sealed between the substrates, a polymer obtained by polymerizing a polymeric component mixed in the liquid crystal, and a pixel region having areas whose electro-optical characteristics are different from each other because of a difference between cell thicknesses. A distance between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, with respect to a direction of the cell thickness, is different in the areas of different cell thicknesses. Also, a liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates provided opposite to each other; a liquid crystal sealed between the pair of substrates; and an alignment film including a polymeric component and a polymerization initiator in a density that varies in each of a plurality of areas in the pixel region.

Abstract: A high resolution, wide viewing angle, low power consumption liquid crystal display device which utilizes nematic liquid crystal and which can attain both the memory effect and wide-viewing-angle display characteristic. A liquid crystal display device that utilizes nematic liquid crystal and includes a pair of transparent substrates; a group of electrodes for applying to a liquid crystal layer disposed between the pair of substrates an electric field having a component substantially parallel to the surfaces of the substrates; and an alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and at least one of the pair of substrates and having been subjected to liquid crystal anchoring treatments in plural directions. The plurality of liquid crystal anchoring directions of the alignment layer form substantially equal angles relative to one another, and a rising angle in each of the liquid crystal anchoring directions with respect to the corresponding substrate surface is substantially zero.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a pair of substrates having a predetermined cell gap and arranged opposite to each other, vertical alignment films formed between the pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the vertical alignment films and having a negative dielectric anisotropy, and a cured material provided in the liquid crystal layer and including a liquid crystal skeleton, which is tilted with respect to the substrate at a first angle, for changing tilt angles of liquid crystal molecules for each of predetermined regions. The vertical alignment films have an alignment control direction that defines a second angle with respect to said substrates, wherein the second angle is different from the first angle.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided that has a plurality of pixel regions where some of the pixel regions have liquid crystal molecules that operate according to both twisted nematic mode and vertical alignment mode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element of the present invention is arranged so that a material layer having dielectric anisotropy includes a chiral material and a liquid crystal material with a nematic liquid crystal phase, and 0.25?d/p?0.50 is satisfied assuming that the thickness of the material layer is d and the chiral pitch length of the liquid crystal material is p.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor arranged at crossings of gate lines and data lines; a pixel electrode connected to each thin film transistor; a common electrode arranged on a second substrate; a layer of liquid crystal material provided between the first and second substrates; a protrusion arranged on the common electrode for controlling an orientation of the liquid crystal molecules within the layer of liquid crystal material; and a common voltage generator applying an AC common voltage to the common electrode, wherein a polarity of the common voltage is inverted every predetermined period.

Abstract: A reflective display device includes: a light modulating layer; two substrates, between which the light modulating layer is interposed; and an electrode structure that changes the optical properties of the light modulating layer on a pixel-by-pixel basis. One of the two substrates includes a corner cube array in which a plurality of corner cubes are arranged. The corner cube array includes a principal surface that defines a retroreflective surface, a bottom, and a plurality of conductive members that are arranged between the principal surface and the bottom. A portion of the upper surface of each of the conductive members defines a part of the principal surface of the corner cube array. The part is located in a lowest-level portion of its associated corner cube including the lowest-level point thereof.

Abstract: An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer achieves switching using an electric field component which is predominantly parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal layer. Low dependence of image contrast on viewing angle is achieved by selection of parameters including pretilt angle ?0, orientation angle ?0, etc. of the liquid crystal molecules in the layer.

Abstract: An examining device adapted to examining a transmittance of a display panel is provided. The examining device includes a light source, a first polarizer, a photodetector, a second polarizer, at least one first reflector and at least one second reflector. The light source and the photodetector are respectively disposed on both sides of the display panel. The second polarizer is disposed between the display panel and the photodetector. The first reflector is disposed between the display panel and the second polarizer. The second reflector is disposed between the display panel and the first polarizer. Light emitting from the light source successively passes via the first polarizer, the display panel, the first reflector, the display panel, the second reflector, the display panel, the second polarizer and then emits into the photodetector.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with better visibility and transmittance. The liquid crystal display includes a first plate having a first field-generating electrode, disposed in a pixel area on an insulating substrate, comprising a plurality of sub-electrodes which are separated from each other by a predetermined distance and arranged parallel to each other, and a connecting electrode electrically connecting the sub-electrodes. An alignment film that is rubbed in a first direction covers a first field-generating electrode and an alignment film that is rubbed in a second direction covers a second field-generating electrode to achieve a predetermined orientation of the liquid crystals when no field is applied and more uniform rotation of the liquid crystal molecules when a field is applied.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to satisfactorily present a bright state and a dark state with a low driving voltage without changing a liquid crystal material. A liquid crystal device 100 having a configuration wherein a polarizing plate 11, a liquid crystal layer 14 and an optical reflective layer 15 are arranged in this order from the front side of the device. The liquid crystal layer 14 is capable of providing one retardation when the liquid crystal layer is applied with a predetermined high voltage and providing the other retardation when the liquid crystal layer is applied with a predetermined low voltage, for light that is incident from the polarizing plate 11, passes through the liquid crystal layer, reflects on the optical reflective layer 15, passes again through the liquid crystal layer 14 and is guided to the polarizing plate 11, whereby a bright state and a dark state are presented based on a difference between these retardations.

Abstract: An array substrate including a substrate, multiple pixels arranged in an array on the substrate, and an alignment film disposed on the pixels is provided. The pixel includes a reflective region, a transmissive region, and a transition region formed between the reflective region and the transmissive region, wherein an included angle between at least one side of the transition region and a rubbing direction of the alignment film is smaller than or equal to 30 degree. In addition, a transflective LCD including the array substrate as described above and a fabricating method of an array substrate is further provided.

Abstract: An alignment material for a liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes a mixture of carbon nano-tube and polyimide.

Abstract: To reduce the operation time of the manufacturing process by decreasing the delay in the time required for injecting the liquid crystal due to the projections formed on the panel for controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal. Protrusions for controlling the alignment of liquid crystal are disposed throughout a panel. The longitudinal axes of the protrusions are arranged so that they are not in parallel with (or, more specifically, they are substantially orthogonal to) an edge of the panel having a liquid crystal inlet. In this way, the flow resistance of the liquid crystal is reduced, and the liquid crystal can be injected smoothly.

Abstract: This invention provides a bistable liquid crystal device. The bistable liquid crystal device includes a first substrate having thereon a first conductive layer and a first alignment layer; a second substrate having thereon a second conductive layer and a second alignment layer; and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second alignment layers. The first alignment layer induces a first pretilt angle ?1 in the range of 20°-65° between the liquid crystal layer in contact with the first alignment layer. The second alignment layer induces a second pretilt angle ?2 in the range of 20°-65° between the liquid crystal layer in contact with the second alignment layer. The liquid crystal layer is capable of maintaining a stable bend state or a stable splay state at zero bias voltage and is switchable between the stable bend state and the stable splay state when a switching energy is applied in operation to the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a light emitting device in which variations in an emission spectrum depending on a viewing angle with respect to a side from which luminescence is extracted are decreased. A light emitting device according to the invention has a transistor, an insulating layer covering the transistor and a light emitting element provided in an opening of the insulating layer. The transistor and the light emitting element are electronically connected through a connecting portion. Additionally, the connecting portion is connected to the transistor through a contact hole penetrating the insulating layer. Note that the insulating layer may be a single layer or a multilayer in which a plurality of layers including different substances is laminated.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel is provided. A photo-alignment layer is formed on a first substrate. Patterned pixel electrodes including intersected electrodes and stripe electrodes are formed on a second substrate. A liquid crystal layer is formed between the photo-alignment layer and the patterned pixel electrodes. Each intersected electrode has a first directional portion and a second directional portion interlacing thereto. The stripe electrodes with silts connect the first and/or the second directional portions. When an electric field between the first and the second substrates is substantially zero, liquid crystal molecules near the photo-alignment layer are arranged at a pre-tilt angle, while those disposed at another side near the second substrate are substantially perpendicular to the second substrate. As the liquid crystal layer is driven, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are substantially arranged along an extending direction of the slits.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel including a driving substrate and a counter substrate, the two substrates having a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. The driving substrate has pixel electrodes and transistors connected to the pixel electrodes on a surface thereof, which are covered with an alignment film. The counter substrate is provided adjacent to the alignment film of the driving substrate. The alignment film is rubbed in a direction substantially parallel to signal lines or scanning lines connected to the transistors. Each of the pixels has a projection at a substantially central position in a direction perpendicular to the rubbing direction.

Abstract: A rubbing apparatus and method for liquid crystal display panels are provided. The apparatus includes at least one cassette for keeping at least one mother substrate to be rubbed, an internal port for keeping at least one dummy substrate for performing alignment of a rubbing material, at least one rubbing unit for receiving the at least one mother substrate from the at least one cassette to perform a rubbing thereon using the rubbing material, or receiving the at least one dummy substrate from the internal port to perform an alignment process of the rubbing material, and a robot for transferring or returning the at least one mother substrate kept in the at least one cassette, the at least one dummy substrate kept in the internal port, the at least one mother substrate which has been rubbed in the at least one rubbing unit, or the at least one dummy substrate on which the alignment process of the rubbing material has been performed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an alignment layer with constituent materials. The constituent materials have a stoichiometric relationship configured to provide a given pretilt angle. Liquid crystal material is provided in contact with the alignment layer. A method for forming an alignment layer for liquid crystal displays includes forming the alignment layer on a substrate by introducing an amount of material to adjust a stoichiometric ratio of constituent materials wherein the amount is determined to provide a given pretilt angle to the alignment layer. Ions are directed at the alignment layer to provide uniformity of the pretilt angle.

Abstract: A bistable nematic liquid crystal device cell is provided with a surface alignment grating on at least one cell wall and a surface treatment on the other wall. Such treatment may be a homeotropic alignment or a planar alignment with or without an alignment direction, and zero or a non zero pretilt. The surface profile on the monograting is asymmetric with its groove height to width selected to give approximately equal energy within the nematic material in its two allowed alignment arrangements. The monograting may be formed by a photolithographic process or by embossing of a plastics material. The cell is switched by dc pulses coupling to a flexoelectric coefficient in the material, or by use of a two frequency addressing scheme and a suitable two frequency material. Polarisers either side of the cell distinguish between the two switched states. The cell walls may be rigid or flexible, and are coated with electrode structures, e.g.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal between substrates and alignment layers disposed on the inner surface sides of the substrates. The alignment layer is made from a material including polyamic acid containing a diamine component and polyimide containing a diamine component different from the diamine component of the polyamic acid. The alignment layer is subjected to alignment treatment by irradiation of light. UV light can be irradiated in the oblique direction onto the alignment layer through a mask having openings. A reflecting plate can be arranged between a UV light source and the mask. Also, bank structures having a thickness from 0.1 to 0.15 ?m can be provided on the alignment layer of the TFT substrate.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer placed between the pair of substrates and an alignment film placed on the side of at least one of the pair of substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer has a first region in which the pretilt direction of liquid crystal molecules of which the alignment is regulated with alignment regulating force of a surface of the alignment film is a first direction and a second region in which the pretilt direction is a second direction different from the first direction. Display is performed using bend alignment of the first region of the liquid crystal layer.