Abstract: The flexible printed circuit board includes a base material with a connection terminal and a signal wiring formed thereon, a first cover layer disposed on a first side of the base material, and a second cover layer disposed on a second side different from the first side. The display panel is connected to the connection terminal. The first cover layer is spaced from an end portion of the display panel by a gap of a predetermined size thereby leaving at least one of the connection terminal and the signal wiring exposed. The second cover layer overlaps with the gap in a planar view. A second end portion of the second cover layer is disposed on an opposite side the display panel. A shape of the second end portion is formed to be wavy or concavo-convex including crests and troughs.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a cover assembly; a liquid crystal panel; a light guide plate configured to guide light to the liquid crystal panel; a printed circuit board (PCB) to which the light guide plate is mounted; and a light emitting diode (LED) package which is mounted on the PCB and emits light to a lateral side of the light guide plate. The PCB includes a base substrate; a connecting hole which is formed in the base substrate to couple the base substrate to the cover assembly with a connecting member; an insulating layer which is coated on the base substrate while avoiding a head part of the connecting member; and a spacer tape which is provided on an upper side of the insulating layer so that the light guide plate is evenly mounted on the PCB.

Abstract: The instant application describes a liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal display; a circuit board including a top surface, a bottom surface, and a drive circuit for driving the liquid crystal display; and a flexible circuit board for connecting the liquid crystal display and the circuit board to each other. The flexible circuit board includes a first end connected to the liquid crystal display and a second end connected to the bottom surface of the circuit board. The flexible circuit board is configured to wrap around the circuit board, covering the top surface and the bottom surface of the circuit board. The top surface of the circuit board is fixed to the flexible circuit board.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a functional stack (10) and a cover (50) coupled thereto by an insulating adhesive layer (30). The functional stack (10) comprises a first transparent and electrically conductive layer (22), a second electrically conductive layer (24) and a functional structure (26), comprising at least one layer, sandwiched between said first and second conductive layer. The cover (50) includes a substrate (52) and at least a first conductive structure (66, 68) that is arranged in a first plane between the adhesive layer (28) and the substrate (52). First and second transverse electrical conductors (32, 34) transverse to the first plane (61) electrically interconnect the first and the second electrically conductive layer (22, 24) with the first and the second conductive structure (66, 68) in the first plane (61).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display, including at least one repairing line, a short circuit bar area, a number of data line pads, a number of testing lines for connecting short circuit bars on the short circuit bar area and the data line pads, a wiring area, a displaying area, and a number of data lines passing through the wiring area and the displaying area; first ends of the data lines being electrically connected to the data line pads and second ends of the data lines extending to be located under the displaying area; the repairing line comprising a first portion isolably intersecting with the testing lines, a second portion isolably intersecting with the second ends of the data lines, and a third portion connecting the first portion and the second portion in the repairing of a disconnected line.

Abstract: Provided is a flexible substrate wherein a connection portion between the flexible substrate and an electric circuit board meets requirements of narrow wiring pitch and low resistance at the connection portion. An electric circuit structure, which has the flexible substrate and the electric circuit board to which the flexible substrate is connected, is also provided. A wiring pattern (22) is formed on a flexible base film (21), a connection terminal (25) connected electrically to an electrode terminal of another electric circuit board is arranged at an end portion of the wiring pattern (22), and the connection terminal (25) includes wide connection terminals (25b, 25c) having a terminal width extending across plural lines of the wiring pattern (22).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) including a display panel having a pixel for displaying an image; a backlight assembly for providing light to the display panel; a mold frame for receiving the backlight assembly; a chassis for supporting the display panel and the mold frame; and a ground tab between the mold frame and the chassis, the ground tab having elasticity and including a bent portion, the bent portion corresponding in shape to a bend in the chassis, and the ground tab overlying an upper surface and a side surface of the mold frame.

Abstract: A flat display is disclosed, which includes a backlight module, a display panel, a flexible printed circuit board physically connected to the display panel, and a shielding double-sided tape for fastening the flexible printed circuit board on the backlight module. The shielding double-sided tape includes a frame shielding portion adhered to a front surface of the backlight module, and an extending portion extended from the frame shielding portion. A surface of at least one part of the extending portion is adhered to a back surface of the backlight module, and another surface of the least one part of the extending portion is adhered to the flexible printed circuit board.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is provided that comprises a rearward LCD substrate sheet that has an array of vias formed, where the vias provide electrical conduction between both sides of the rearward LCD substrate sheet. The number of vias in the array is substantially equal to or at least equivalent to a combination of a number of column drive lines and a number of row drive lines. The respective drive lines are connected to a corresponding via, such as on one side of the rearward LCD substrate sheet, and respective patterned conductors are connected to a corresponding via, such as on the other side of the rearward LCD substrate sheet. The patterned conductors provide a connection between respective drive lines and one or more corresponding drivers. In one example, this allows a “full bleed” display to be generated.

Abstract: This invention provides a liquid crystal display device that makes it possible to ground the conductive film provided on the display side of the liquid crystal display panel without fail while making the frame narrower. The device has a liquid crystal display panel where a liquid crystal layer is provided between two facing substrates; a mold frame for holding the liquid crystal display panel in a predetermined position; a lower frame made of a metal for containing the mold frame; and first and second conductive members, and characterized in that a conductive film is formed on the display side of the liquid crystal display panel, the first conductive member is provided so as to make contact with the conductive film and an upper surface of the mold frame, and the second conductive member is provided so as to make contact with the first conductive member and the lower frame.

Abstract: To provide a display device which has a narrower frame region and which includes a driver circuit not affected by variation in transistor characteristics. A base substrate having an insulating surface to which a single-crystal semiconductor layer is attached is divided into strips and is used for a driver circuit of a display device. Alternatively, a base substrate having an insulating surface to which a plurality of single-crystal semiconductor layers is attached is divided into strips and is used for a driver circuit of a display device. Accordingly, a driver circuit corresponding to a size of a display device can be used for the display device, and a display device which has a narrower frame region and which includes a driver circuit not affected by variation in transistor characteristics can be provided.

Abstract: A mounting unit of a second flexible circuit board is arranged on a rear surface side of a liquid crystal display panel. A portion of a first flexible circuit board at which a connection terminal is formed is bonded to an end portion of a display surface side of the liquid crystal display panel, is pulled out from the end portion of the liquid crystal display panel, is bent and overlapped with the opposite surface to the surface where the light emission components of the mounting unit are mounted with a space, and an external terminal is arranged on the rear surface side. An extended portion is pulled out from the mounting unit, is bent so as to return to the direction of the mounting unit, and is overlapped with the first flexible circuit board on an outer surface of the first flexible circuit board.

Abstract: A connecting structure of the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate on which the first substrate is laminated, and a sheet like connection body having one end connected to one principal surface of the first substrate and another end connected to one principal surface of the second substrate, wherein a lengthwise direction of the sheet like connection body is parallel to a perimeter part of the first substrate, and the sheet like connection body has a slit part extending from one of end portions thereof to a part thereof along the lengthwise direction, and has a first end and a second end divided by the slit part at one of end portions, the first end is connected to a principal surface of the first substrate in vicinity of a peripheral part of the first substrate, and the second end is connected to a principal surface of the second substrate in vicinity of a peripheral part of the first substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes a display cell including a display region and a frame region surrounding the display region. A driver circuit is connected to the display cell to drive the display cell and is controlled by a circuit board arranged along in a longitudinal direction of the display cell. An insulating protection sheet covers the driver circuit and the circuit board, and one end of the insulating protection sheet is fixed to the frame region of the display cell. A conductive tape is formed on the insulating protection sheet between the display region and the driver circuit along one side of the display cell, such that static charges generated in the display region are discharged to ground through the conductive tape.

Abstract: A connecting structure of the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate on which the first substrate is laminated, and a sheet like connection body having one end connected to one principal surface of the first substrate and another end connected to one principal surface of the second substrate, wherein a lengthwise direction of the sheet like connection body is parallel to a perimeter part of the first substrate, and the sheet like connection body has a slit part extending from one of end portions thereof to a part thereof along the lengthwise direction, and has a first end and a second end divided by the slit part at one of end portions, the first end is connected to a principal surface of the first substrate in vicinity of a peripheral part of the first substrate, and the second end is connected to a principal surface of the second substrate in vicinity of a peripheral part of the first substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes: a color filter substrate including a first transparent, which has: an anti-static transparent conductive layer; and a light shield layer that shields light; a TFT substrate including a second transparent substrate facing the color filter substrate, and which has: a projecting part that projects beyond an end face of the color filter substrate; a conductive tape, which is stuck from an upper part of the color filter substrate to an upper part of the TFT substrate, wherein the light shield layer has a notch having an opening at the end side of the color filter substrate, wherein the conductive tape is arranged adjacent to or partially overlapping with the light shield layer, wherein the notch is provided at a connection part, and wherein a light transmission part capable of light transmitting is provided to the connection part.

Abstract: A substantially transparent touch sensor panel having co-planar single-layer touch sensors and traces fabricated on a single side of a substrate for detecting single or multi-touch events. The touch sensor elements can be fabricated in columns and rows, with each sensor element in a row adjacent to a sensor element in a column. By using a board as the dielectric to connect traces from multiple sensor elements in each row, rather than using a dielectric layer on the substrate upon which the sensor elements and traces are formed, the sensor elements and traces on the substrate can be formed by simply patterning a single layer of conductive material on the substrate, which can simplify the manufacturing process of the substrate from a complexity and cost perspective.

Abstract: An electro-optic device includes: an electro-optic panel; a first flexible printed circuit; a second flexible printed circuit; and a conductive section. Each of the first flexible printed circuit and the second flexible printed circuit has a structure in which a reference potential layer and a signal potential layer are laminated after being insulated from each other, the reference potential layer applying a reference potential to the electro-optic panel, the signal potential layer applying a signal potential to the electro-optic panel, and the first flexible printed circuit and the second flexible printed circuit each having an opening in which a part of the reference potential layer is exposed. The conductive section electrically connects the part exposed in the opening of the reference potential layer in the first flexible printed circuit and the part exposed in the opening of the reference potential layer in the second flexible printed circuit to each other.

Abstract: Provided is an LCD capable of compensating for a resistance variation in a link unit. The resistance variations in the gate lines, data lines and common lines are reduced to minimize the signal distortion in the LCD. Accordingly, it is possible to enhance the image quality characteristics of the LCD. The resistance variation can be reduced by adjusting the number or the size of contact holes in the link unit.

Abstract: A substrate for a display device is disclosed which enables further reduction in area of a frame region and a display device comprising the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a chip component mounting structure and a chip component mounting method, wherein when a plurality of chip components having different heights are mounted on a substrate via an anisotropic conductive film, position gaps which occur when the chip components are pressure-bonded to the substrate are prevented, and the chip components can be accurately mounted to the substrate at target positions; and a liquid crystal display device provided with the substrate. In the chip component mounting structure, a position fixing resin (4) for maintaining the orientation of chip components (2) which are pressure-bonded to a substrate (1) via an anisotropic conductive film (7) is provided.

Abstract: The invention discloses a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel manufacturing method as well as an LCD panel and an LCD. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: A: Treating a surface of an electrode of an LCD panel, the surface at least comprising a contact surface with an Au ball, to diminish the adhesion of an alignment liquid to the contact surface and prevent the alignment liquid from not coating the contact surface; and B: Coating or printing the alignment liquid. Because the electrode surface to which an Au ball particle will be applied (namely the transfer pad) is treated before the application to diminish the adhesion of the alignment liquid to this surface, and no alignment layer will be formed on the surface of the transfer pad. Therefore, the alignment layer can be very wide, the uniformity of the alignment layer at the edge is good, the accuracy is high, the display effect on the edge of the LCD panel is improved, and the frame of the LCD panel is narrowed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device in which a shock-absorbing member is provided in a liquid crystal display device that is provided as an element of a mobile communication system, thereby ensuring the stability of a driver integrated circuit against an external shock.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gate printed circuit board, a connector-free liquid crystal display (LCD) panel assembly, a driving-signal timing module included in the liquid crystal display (LCD) panel assembly, and a method of driving the liquid crystal display (LCD) panel assembly. According to the present invention, since a separate connector and a gate printed circuit board of a conventional LCD panel is not required for applying a gate-driving signal generated from an external information processing device, a thickness and the number of parts of the LCD device is reduced. Further, when the gate-driving signal is transmitted through the TFT substrate, the voltage Voff for maintaining a thin-film transistor (TFT) in a turned-off state is modified so that users may not recognize the imbalance in brightness.

Abstract: A driving circuit of a liquid crystal display module includes a substrate, a driving chip, a plurality of circuit lines connected to the driving chip, and a dummy pattern disposed outside the circuit lines parallel thereto. The liquid crystal display module includes a display panel, and a driving circuit. The display panel includes an effective pixel region, a non-effective pixel region, a display device displaying an image in the effective pixel region, and signal lines connected to the display device and extending to the non-effective pixel region. The driving circuit includes a substrate, a driving chip, circuit lines, and a dummy pattern disposed outside the circuit lines parallel thereto. The circuit lines each have one end connected to the driving chip and the other end connected to the signal lines. Accordingly, the dummy pattern can reduce defective images caused by the circuit lines damaged by mechanical impact.

Abstract: A chip on film (COF) structure for a liquid crystal panel is disclosed, and comprises a flexible substrate, an output edge, a first wire bonding portion, two second wire bonding portions, a fan-out trace portion, and two array trace portions. A long direction of lead strips of the second wire bonding portion is parallel to the output edge, and the array trace portions connect one end of the lead strips of the second wire bonding portion to the output edge. The design of the second wire bonding portions parallel to the output edge and turning traces of the array trace portions can lower the length of the fan-out trace portion, so that it is advantageous in a design trend of narrow frame edge of a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A flat panel display apparatus comprises a flat panel display module; a control PCB placed in one rear edge area of the flat panel display module and having a conductive grounding part; and a grounding contact member including a rear contact part contacting the grounding part of the control PCB, and a side contact part bent from the rear contact part and contacting one edge of the flat panel display module, and grounding the control PCB. With this configuration, the present invention provides a flat panel display apparatus in which a control PCB having the length shorter than the width of a flat panel display module is easily grounded and the production cost thereof is decreased.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a chassis assembly; a liquid crystal display panel; a light guide plate configured to guide light to the liquid crystal display panel; a light emitting diode (LED) module including a printed circuit board (PCB), a plurality of LED packages which are mounted on the PCB and emit light to a lateral side of the light guide plate, and a connector connected to the PCB such that the connector is located behind the light guide plate; and a white strip member disposed between the PCB of the LED module and the light guide plate. An edge portion of a bottom surface of the light guide plate is supported by the PCB.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with an integrated mounting portion for receiving a printed circuit board is presented. A liquid crystal panel has a first surface on which an image is displayed and a second surface opposite the first surface, a printed circuit board is connected to the liquid crystal panel and has a front surface and a rear surface, and an intermediate receiving container includes a frame and a printed circuit board mounting portion positioned on a sidewall of the frame. The printed circuit board is mounted on the printed circuit board mounting portion such that the front plane of the printed circuit board and the first plane of the liquid crystal panel face the same side.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a liquid crystal display panel, a flexible circuit board connected to a connection portion formed on one side of the liquid crystal display panel, a display window bonded to a display surface of the liquid crystal display panel so that an end face thereof protrudes from an end face on one side of the liquid crystal display panel, an exterior member in which an opening where the display window is arranged is formed, and a first light shielding member arranged so that the flexible circuit board positioned near a gap is covered therewith if the display window is arranged in the opening so that the gap is formed between the end face of the display window and the end face of the opening.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flexible printed circuit film (FPC film) and display device using the same, the FPC film comprising a body extending along a side of a substrate; and a connector protruding from the body and detachably combined with a PCB wherein the connector comprises: a flexible polymer film including pad region and line region, wherein a plurality of first via holes are formed in the pad region; a plurality of pads overlapped with the first via hole in the pad region on one surface of the flexible polymer film; and a plurality of lines electrically connected with the plurality of pads through the first via hole, wherein the plurality of pads are formed of pad sets of plural rows including a pad set of a first row and a pad set of a second row.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip package including a film substrate and a semiconductor chip loaded on the semiconductor chip is provided. The semiconductor chip includes a plurality of input pads and a plurality of output pads. A power supply input pad of the input pads is formed at a different edge from an edge of the semiconductor chip where other input pads are formed. The film substrate includes input lines and output lines. The input lines of the film substrate are connected to the corresponding input pads of the semiconductor chip, and the output lines thereof are connected to the corresponding output pads of the semiconductor chip.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display panel including a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, a plurality of gate lines and data lines arranged on the display area to intersect each other, so as to define a plurality of pixel regions, a plurality of thin-film transistors formed at respective intersections of the gate lines and the data lines, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on the respective pixel regions and connected to the thin film transistors, and at least one first common line provided between the data lines and arranged parallel to the data lines.

Abstract: A flat panel display device includes a display panel, a backlight module, a printed circuit board and a protection structure. The backlight module is disposed on a non-display side of the display panel. The printed circuit board with a signal connector is connected with the display panel and disposed between the display panel and the printed circuit board. The protection structure is used to protect the backlight module from the deformation caused by the external force, especially the optically films in it, like conductive film etc. The protection structure includes a protective film, a movable piece and an elastic element. The protective film is covered on the printed circuit board and having an opening to expose the signal connector. The movable piece is connected with the protective film, and the opening is disposed between the movable piece and the protective film.

Abstract: A flat panel display (FPD) has a conductive heat proof plate inserted into the back surface of a display panel on which printed circuit boards (PCBs) and signal lines are formed. The signal lines are surrounded by a blocking unit, and the external surface of the blocking unit is made of a conductive material to be electrically coupled to the heat proof plate so that resistance against electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of a large flat panel display is improved and a thermal characteristic is improved.

Abstract: A mobile terminal device includes a liquid-crystal portion that displays an image; a substrate that sandwiches another component between one surface of the substrate and the liquid crystal portion, and that has another surface that is provided with a control circuit; a connecting portion that connects the liquid-crystal portion and the control circuit; and a spacer member formed of an insulator and interposed between the another surface of the substrate and the connecting portion.

Abstract: A backlight assembly has improved luminance and uniformity, and a liquid crystal display includes the backlight assembly. The backlight assembly may be constructed with a light source; a flexible printed circuit board including a base film and conductors, and mounted with the light source; a light guide panel into which light emitted from the light source is incident; and a mold frame including an opening for receiving the light guide panel and a boss for fixing the flexible printed circuit board. The flexible printed circuit board is provided with an insertion hole into which the boss is inserted, and the conductors are formed along the circumference of the insertion hole.

Abstract: In an amorphous silicon thin film transistor-liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same, gate patterns including a gate line and a gate electrode are formed on an insulation substrate having a display region and a driving circuit region on which a plurality of shift resistors are formed. A gate insulating film, active layer patterns and data patterns including source/drain electrodes are formed successively on the substrate. A passivation layer on the substrate has a first contact hole exposing a drain electrode of the display region and second and third contact holes respectively exposing a gate electrode and source/drain electrode of a first transistor of each of the shift resistors.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus having an improved a wiring structure for preventing circuits from being damaged due to static electricity. The LCD apparatus includes an array substrate body on which a pixel electrode is disposed, a common voltage wiring formed on the array substrate body in order to apply a common voltage to a common electrode facing the pixel electrode, a driving integrated circuit (IC) for applying an appropriate driving voltage to the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and a flexible circuit board for connecting the driving IC and an external power source to each other, wherein the common voltage wiring is connected to the driving IC through the flexible circuit board. Accordingly, electrical shock applied to the driving IC due to static electricity is reduced, and thus circuits are prevented from being damaged, thereby reducing errors of products and improving reliability of products.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display apparatus including a liquid crystal panel, and a backlight unit which is disposed on a back side of the liquid crystal panel, wherein the liquid crystal display apparatus further includes a dust preventing tape which is stuck to a region including at least a peripheral portion of a display surface of the liquid crystal panel and a side surface of the backlight unit in order to cover the region. A dust preventing method for a liquid crystal display apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: An array substrate for a multi-vision liquid crystal display device includes a display region; and first to fourth non-display regions surrounding the display region, wherein the first and second non-display regions are opposite to each other and each include a data pad portion connected to a data line, and the third and fourth non-display regions are opposite to each other and each include a gate pad portion connected to a gate line, and wherein the display region is divided into two or four active regions with a seam region between the adjacent active regions, and the seam region has a first width.

Abstract: The gap between a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate is greater in a terminal region in which a flexible printed circuit and anisotropic conductive films are inserted, than the gap between the first and second transparent substrates in a detection region. A guide portion which is used to guide an end of the flexible printed circuit at which the anisotropic conductive films are provided, into the gap between the first and second transparent substrates, is provided on the first or second transparent substrate.

Abstract: A digital micromirror device module includes a flexible connection device, a digital micromirror device and a connecting interface. The flexible connection device includes a plurality of conducting wires and an external insulation layer, wherein the conducting wires are discretely arranged and encapsulated by the external insulation layer. The digital micromirror device unit is disposed on the external insulation layer of the flexible connection device and electrically connected with the conducting wires of the flexible connection device. The connecting interface is arranged at a lateral end of the flexible connection device and connected with the conducting wires.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an enclosure defining a first receiving hole and a locking assembly. The first receiving hole defines a first passing portion and a first locking portion smaller than and communicating with the first passing portion. The locking assembly includes a fixed member fixed to the enclosure and a rubber cover tightly sandwiched between the fixing member and the enclosure. The rubber cover includes a block portion extending to and received in the first passing portion of the first receiving hole. When a fastener on a wall is positioned at the first locking portion by way of the first passing portion, the block portion of the rubber cover blocks the first passing portion to prevent the fastener from moving away the first locking portion.

Abstract: A pad layout structure of a driver IC chip to be mounted to a liquid crystal display panel. The pad layout structure includes power pad sections placed at respective four corners of the driver IC chip and each having a first power pad for supplying first power to the driver IC chip, a second power pad for supplying second power to the driver IC chip, a third power pad for supplying third power to the driver IC chip and a fourth power pad for supplying fourth power to the driver IC chip.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate which sandwiches a liquid crystal between itself and the first substrate, wherein the first substrate has thin film transistors and a wiring connection portion in which are formed terminals connected to the thin film transistors, a wiring substrate connected to the terminals is disposed in the wiring connection portion, the second substrate is a plastic substrate, and has an adhesive layer and an inorganic insulating layer formed on top of the adhesive layer, and the adhesive layer covers the wiring connection portion and one portion of the wiring substrate.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a drive circuit provided to the display panel, and a wiring substrate. The wiring substrate includes a proximal end portion joined to the display panel, an extended portion extended from the proximal end portion, a first fixed portion extended from the extended portion in one direction inclined from an extending direction of the extended portion, and a second fixed portion extended from the extended portion in the other direction inclined from the extending direction. The extended portion is folded back to face the proximal end portion. The first fixed portion and the second fixed portion are folded back so as to straddle side surfaces of the display panel and so that their end portions are arranged on a side of the display panel opposite to a side of the same on which the proximal end portion is arranged.

Abstract: A mounting board includes two or more metal layers including the outermost metal layer, and a plurality of metal portions, both of which are formed on a substrate. The plurality of metal portions are formed between a first metal layer of the two or more metal layers and a second metal layer of the two or more metal layers, the first metal layer being the outermost metal layer and the second metal layer being different from the outermost metal layer. The second metal layer includes a plurality of first wiring layers extending in a first direction in a plane. The first metal layer is arranged in zigzags in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and includes a plurality of contact pads connected correspondingly to the plurality of first wiring layers through the metal portions.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device of IPS mode with a smaller number of layers, a gate electrode is formed on a TFT substrate. A gate insulating film is formed to cover the gate electrode, on which a semiconductor layer is formed. A drain electrode and a source electrode are placed on the semiconductor layer. A planar pixel electrode is formed from ITO on the gate insulating film prior to the formation of the drain electrode, source electrode, image signal line, and the like. This process is performed to prevent the image signal line, the drain electrode, the source electrode, and the like, from being consumed by the cell reaction through a developer during the patterning of the ITO when a pin hole is present in the ITO, in order not to cause disconnection. As a result, it is possible to improve the production yield and achieve high reliability.

Abstract: A method of forming an oxide film on a surface of a copper alloy, including the steps of providing a copper alloy including copper and an element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Zn, Ga, Li, Ge, Sr, Ag, Ba, Pr and Nd, and diffusing atoms of the element to a surface of the copper alloy so as to form an oxide film on the surface of the copper alloy, wherein a concentration of the element in the copper alloy is more than 0.1 and not more than 20 atomic percentage and within a solubility limit of the element in the copper.