Abstract: A display panel is provided. A data line is divided into first and second sub data lines. Each sub-pixel meets a condition that any two adjacent sub-pixels are respectively electrically connected to the first and second sub data lines, so that connections of the two adjacent sub-pixels and the sub data lines are opposite. A display device is also provided. The display panel can solve problems of capacitance changes caused by poor alignment accuracy.

Abstract: An RF switch provided with a first region based on a phase change material disposed between a first conductive element and a second conductive element and state control means for said first region, the switch being further provided with at least one first decoupling switch provided with a second region of phase change material.

Abstract: An electro-optic display has a plurality of pixels, each of which is capable of displaying two extreme optical states and at least one intermediate gray level. Each pixel is driven from an initial intermediate gray level to one extreme optical state and then to a first desired intermediate gray level, so producing a first image on the display. The pixel then remains at this first desired intermediate gray level for a finite length of time. The pixel is then driven from this first desired intermediate gray level to the opposed extreme optical state and then to a second desired intermediate gray level, so producing a second image on the display.

Abstract: A display panel is provided. The display panel includes a plurality of signal lines and a plurality of pixels disposed on a first substrate, wherein each pixel is connected to a corresponding signal line. Each pixel includes a first electrode and a second electrode configured to form an electric field with the first electrode, a first dielectric layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second dielectric layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first dielectric layer includes a ferroelectric material and the second dielectric layer includes a paraelectric material.

Abstract: An object is to provide a display device with excellent display characteristics, where a pixel circuit and a driver circuit provided over one substrate are formed using transistors which have different structures corresponding to characteristics of the respective circuits. The driver circuit portion includes a driver circuit transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using a metal film, and a channel layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel portion includes a pixel transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using an oxide conductor, and a semiconductor layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel transistor is formed using a light-transmitting material, and thus, a display device with higher aperture ratio can be manufactured.

Abstract: An active liquid crystal array device is provided. A gate control electrode is disposed on the first transparent conductive substrate, a first transparent insulation layer is disposed on the gate control electrode, a liquid crystal control electrode is disposed on the first transparent insulation layer, a second transparent conductive substrate which includes a transparent electrode and a second liquid crystal oriented layer, and a liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first liquid crystal oriented layer and a second liquid crystal oriented layer.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and electronic devices incorporating LCDs having an organic passivation layer positioned between edge-sealed two substrates. Specifically, embodiments of the present disclosure employ lithographic techniques (e.g., a half-tone mask, diffractive exposure mask, etc.) to remove or not deposit a portion of the organic passivation layer near the edges of the substrates prior to sealing the substrates along these edges. As described herein, this reduction in the thickness of the organic layer near the edges of the device may improve the strength of the edge seal due to reduced strain in the organic layer.

Abstract: An object is to provide a display device with excellent display characteristics, where a pixel circuit and a driver circuit provided over one substrate are formed using transistors which have different structures corresponding to characteristics of the respective circuits. The driver circuit portion includes a driver circuit transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using a metal film, and a channel layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel portion includes a pixel transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using an oxide conductor, and a semiconductor layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel transistor is formed using a light-transmitting material, and thus, a display device with higher aperture ratio can be manufactured.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a TFT-LCD array substrate comprising a substrate, a gate line and a data line formed on the substrate, a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor formed in a pixel region defined by the gate line and the data line, wherein the thin film transistor comprises a gate electrode, a source electrode, and a transparent drain electrode, and the transparent drain electrode is electrically connected with the pixel electrode.

Abstract: An object is to provide a display device with excellent display characteristics, where a pixel circuit and a driver circuit provided over one substrate are formed using transistors which have different structures corresponding to characteristics of the respective circuits. The driver circuit portion includes a driver circuit transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using a metal film, and a channel layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel portion includes a pixel transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using an oxide conductor, and a semiconductor layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel transistor is formed using a light-transmitting material, and thus, a display device with higher aperture ratio can be manufactured.

Abstract: An inkjet image-drawing device having: a head module having inkjet heads for forming a pattern on a substrate; a head module moving means; a substrate support stage; a substrate support stage moving means including first and second linear moving means, and a rotation moving means; an image pickup means which picks up an mage of the substrate; and an alignment adjusting means which picks up images of markers arranged on the substrate with the image pickup means, and moves the substrate support stage based on a result of the picking up images to adjust the alignment, wherein the image pickup means has, on the main body the device, a camera fixedly disposed outside of a moving range of the head module in the vector direction of the first linear moving means, and a camera fixedly disposed outside of the moving range, in the vector direction of the second linear moving means.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device with a register-type gamma reference voltage generating unit inside a data driving IC, thus to remove a source block dim phenomenon in a Chip on Glass (COG) cascade structure, and a driving method thereof. The LCD device comprises an LCD panel on which a plurality of gate lines and data lines intersect with each other. A TFT is formed at each intersection, to thus define images. A data driving unit supplies a gradation voltage to the LCD panel through a gamma voltage generating unit. A gate driving unit supplies a gate pulse to each gate line on the LCD panel. A timing controller controls the gate driving unit, the data driving unit and the gamma voltage generating unit.

Abstract: An image display device includes a display panel that includes a plurality of subpixels and selectively displays the 2D image and the 3D image, and a patterned retarder that is positioned in front of the display panel and divides light from the display panel into light of a first polarization and light of a second polarization when the 3D image is displayed. Each subpixel includes a main subpixel including a first pixel electrode receiving a data voltage through a data line and a common electrode receiving a common voltage through a common line, and a subsidiary subpixel including a second pixel electrode receiving the data voltage through the data line, a common electrode positioned opposite the second pixel electrode, and a discharge thin film transistor (TFT) selectively connecting the second pixel electrode to the common electrode based on a displayed image.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate capable of suppressing a change in an off characteristic of the TFT even when current passage time becomes longer is provided. A diode is connected between a video signal line and a conductive plate formed so as to cover a TFT of a pixel formation portion. Current is passed to the diode when a potential of a video signal applied to the video signal line is lower than that of the conductive plate, and the potential of the conductive plate becomes equal to that of the video signal line. No current flows when the potential of the video signal is higher than that of the conductive plate and the potential of the diode remains the same. Consequently, a leak current which flows from the pixel electrode of the pixel formation portion to the video signal line when the TFT is in the off state is suppressed.

Abstract: Dynamic range is widened in a display device with a photosensor that can read an image due to having a photodetection element inside a pixel thereof. A sensor driving circuit switches ON a reset signal (RST) that is supplied via reset signal bus line, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, switches ON a readout signal (RWS) that is supplied via readout signal bus line. Thus, in the photosensor, from which a photosensor signal is output in accordance with an amount of light received by the photosensor in the predetermined time, the capacitance of a capacitor provided in the photosensor is made variable from when the reset signal (RST) is supplied to the photosensor until when the predetermined time has elapsed.

Abstract: A display is disclosed. The display includes a plurality of pixels configured to emit light. The display also includes a plurality of pixel control circuits that are each configured to regulate emission of light from a pixel. The pixel control circuits each include one or more two-terminal switching devices that include an organic semiconductor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a LCD device having a structure capable of improving the quality of images is disclosed. The LCD device includes, an image display portion composed of pixels, the image display portion defined by the crossing of gate wires and data wires; a common wire located on the outside of the image display portion; a test wire located adjacent to a part of the common wire; and a wire connection electrode for connecting the common wire with the test wire.

Abstract: A pixel structure including an active device, a pixel electrode connected with the active device, a bottom electrode disposed under the pixel electrode, upper electrodes disposed between the pixel electrode and the bottom electrode and connected with the pixel electrode, a first dielectric layer disposed between the bottom electrode and the upper electrodes and a second dielectric layer disposed between the upper electrodes and the pixel electrode is provided. The total area of the upper electrodes overlapping with the bottom electrode is A, and the overlapping portion of the pixel electrode and each upper electrode includes a contact region and a reserved region having total area B. The dielectric constant and thickness of the first dielectric layer is ?1 and d1; and for second dielectric layer ?2 and d2, wherein 0.5<(?1·d2·A)/(?2·d1·B)<1.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for easily manufacturing an illumination device in which a surface mount chip-type LED is used, and a wiring board is formed into a truncated conical or another shape. The method includes, in a flexible strip-like wiring board having a partial ring or a linear shape, providing a through-hole T for filling with solder paste S at a wiring end portion L to be connected with a terminal of an LED, temporarily fixing the LED with bond B onto the wiring board held in a plate-like state, filling the through-hole T with the solder paste S from a back surface of the wiring board, rounding the wiring board mounted with the LED into a truncated conical or cylindrical shape, and reflowing the wiring board in the rounded state to solder the LED.

Abstract: An active device array substrate including a substrate, a plurality of scan lines, a plurality of data lines, and a plurality of pixel units, each of the pixel units formed between every neighboring two of the scan lines and data lines is provided. Each of the pixel units includes a first active device, a first pixel electrode electrically connected to a corresponding scan line and a corresponding data line through the first active device, a second active device, a second pixel electrode electrically connected to a corresponding scan line and a corresponding data line through the first active device, a second active device and a second pixel electrode electrically connected to a corresponding scan line and a corresponding data line through the second active device. The first pixel electrode has a surface area different from that of the second pixel electrode.

Abstract: An object is to provide a display device with excellent display characteristics, where a pixel circuit and a driver circuit provided over one substrate are formed using transistors which have different structures corresponding to characteristics of the respective circuits. The driver circuit portion includes a driver circuit transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using a metal film, and a channel layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel portion includes a pixel transistor in which a gate electrode layer, a source electrode layer, and a drain electrode layer are formed using an oxide conductor, and a semiconductor layer is formed using an oxide semiconductor. The pixel transistor is formed using a light-transmitting material, and thus, a display device with higher aperture ratio can be manufactured.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a driving method of a display device. The display device includes display elements arranged in a form of a two-dimensional matrix and each have a driving circuit and a light emitting section. The driving circuit includes a driving transistor having a gate electrode and source/drain regions and a capacitance section, and a current flowing through the light emitting section via the source/drain regions of the driving transistor. The driving method includes the step of performing a first writing process, a second writing process, and then setting the gate electrode of the driving transistor in a floating state. A current corresponding to a value of a voltage retained in the capacitance section for retaining a voltage of the gate electrode of the driving transistor with respect to a source region of the driving transistor flows through the light emitting section, so that the light emitting section emits light.

Abstract: A method of driving a display apparatus formed by arranging display devices each having a driving circuit and a current-driven type light emitting portion, the method comprising the steps of: performing a threshold voltage cancelling process in units of a display device row in which a predetermined reference voltage is applied to a gate electrode of a driving transistor of Q×N display devices configuring groups of display device rows and a predetermined driving voltage is applied to one source/drain region of the Q×N display devices so as to change the electric potential of the other source/drain region toward an electric potential calculated by subtracting a threshold voltage of the driving transistor from the reference voltage during a period TQ; and sequentially performing a writing process, in which video signals are applied to the gate electrodes of the driving transistor of N display devices configuring the display device row, Q times.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposite each other with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, wherein the first substrate includes a signal line, a switching element electrically connected to the signal line, a first electrode electrically connected to the switching element, a wiring line, a dielectric film covering the first electrode, the switching element, and the wiring line, and a second electrode disposed on the dielectric film so as to be opposite the first electrode, and wherein the second electrode is drawn from the dielectric film toward an area where the dielectric film does not exist and is electrically connected to the wiring line through the area where the dielectric film does not exist.

Abstract: In a photosensor in the pixel region of an active matrix substrate, the potential of a storage node is read out to output wiring as sensor circuit output, the potential of the storage node having changed in accordance with the amount of light received by a photodetection element in a sensing period, the sensing period being from when a reset signal (RS) is supplied until when a readout signal (RW) is supplied. A sensor startup period whose length is greater than or equal to the length of the sensing period is provided after a sensor data unnecessary period in which the sensor circuit output is not necessary, and furthermore before a valid sensor data period in which the sensor circuit output is necessary, and the sensor circuit output is read out in the valid sensor data period from the photosensor to which the reset signal was applied in the sensor startup period.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an upper substrate including an upper polarizer having a first light absorption axis and an upper electrode, a lower substrate including a lower polarizer having a second light absorption axis substantially parallel to the first light absorption axis and a lower electrode, a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer formed on at least one of the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and a nematic system liquid crystal layer formed on the ferroelectric liquid crystal layer between the upper substrate and the lower substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines crossing each other on a first substrate, to define a pixel; a first thin film transistor in a portion where the gate lines and the data lines cross each other; a plurality of position detection lines on the first substrate, the position detection lines spaced a constant distance from the data lines and crossing the gate lines; a second thin film transistor for detecting a position, in a portion on the first substrate where the gate lines and the position detection lines cross each other; a protrusion pattern protruding from a second substrate and corresponding to a drain electrode of the second thin film transistor; and a transparent conductive layer on the protrusion pattern, electrically connected to the drain electrode when touching.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel is provided, which includes: a gate line, a gate insulating layer, and a semiconductor layer sequentially formed on a substrate; a data line and a drain electrode formed at least on the semiconductor layer; a first passivation layer formed on the data line and the drain electrode and having a first contact hole exposing the drain electrode at least in part; a second passivation layer formed on the first passivation layer and having a second contact hole that is disposed on the first contact hole and has a first bottom edge placed outside the first contact hole and a second bottom edge placed inside the first contact hole; and a pixel electrode formed on the second passivation layer and connected to the drain electrode through the first and the second contact holes.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display apparatus includes: display pixels each located at an intersection of a scan line and a data line and each provided with a display-pixel switching device, a display pixel electrode, and a liquid-crystal layer; vision-angle control pixels each located at an intersection of the scan line and a vision-angle control line and each provided with a vision-angle control pixel switching device, a vision-angle control pixel electrode, and a transmittance exhibited for a vision angle to serve as a transmittance with a characteristic different from that of the transmittance of the display pixel or a reflectance exhibited for a vision angle to serve as a reflectance with a characteristic different from that of the reflectance of the display pixel; a scan-line driving circuit; and a vision-angle control circuit.

Abstract: A disclosed electric field generating device includes an electric field generating unit including a substrate, line electrodes, and an electric field generating resistor and configured to generate an electric field. In the disclosed electric field generating device, the line electrodes are formed on at least one side of the substrate in parallel with each other so as to divide the side of the substrate into multiple sections; the electric field generating resistor is shaped like a strip and positioned so as to touch a part of each of the line electrodes; and some of the line electrodes have connectors for electric connection.

Abstract: The present invention provides an array substrate and a method for manufacturing the same. The array substrate comprises a substrate and a plurality of gate lines parallel to each other and a plurality of data lines parallel to each other formed on the substrate, the gate lines intersecting the data lines to define a plurality of pixel region arranged in a matrix, each pixel region comprising a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode and a thin film diode. With respect to each pixel region in a row, the pixel electrode is connected with the gate line in the present row through the thin film transistor and is connected with the gate line in a previous row through the thin film diode.

Abstract: Provided is a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT LCD), comprising a color filter substrate and an array substrate disposed opposite to each other; wherein the array substrate comprises a base substrate, data lines and gate lines formed on the base substrate, and an insulating protective layers on the data lines or gate lines; the color filter substrate and the array substrate are assembled with each other in a peripheral portion with sealant mixed with metal micro-balls at a ratio, and a top conductive film is formed on the insulating protective layer above the data lines or gate lines below the sealant in the peripheral portion.

Abstract: A thin film diode array panel comprising: an insulating substrate (110); first and second redundant gate lines (141, 142) made of an opaque conductor and formed on the insulating substrate; first and second floating electrodes (143, 144) made of an opaque conductor, formed on the insulating substrate, and disposed between the first and second redundant gate lines (141, 142); an insulating layer (151, 152) formed on the first and second floating electrodes (143, 144); a first gate line (121) formed on the first redundant gate line (141) and including a first input electrode (123) overlapping the first floating electrode (143) where the insulating layer (151) is interposed between the first input electrode and the first floating electrode; a second gate line (122) formed on the second redundant gate line (142) and including a second input electrode (124) overlapping the second floating electrode (144) where the insulating layer (152) is interposed between the second input electrode (124) and the second floating

Abstract: A polymer film, wherein when any point in the polymer film is taken as a center, a maximum difference between high and low film thicknesses within a range of 60 mm diameter is not more than 1 ?m, an RMS value of a film thickness is 0 ?m to 0.15 ?m or a difference between maximum and minimum values of slow axis angle in any 60 mm×60 mm square in the polymer film is 0° to 0.40°; and a solution casting film-forming method comprising: casting a dope on a support; peeling the casted film, wherein a dry wind of 3 m/s to 15 m/s is applied to the casted film within 15 seconds from the casting, and wherein before the dry wind is applied to the casted film, an air floating on a surface of the casted film has a wind velocity of less than 3 m/s.

Abstract: An image sensor array includes image sensors having photo TFTs to generate photocurrent in response to received images. The photo TFTs each have their respective gate electrodes and source electrodes independently biased to reduce the effects of dark current. Storage capacitors are coupled to each photo TFT and discharged upon generation of a photocurrent. Each storage capacitor is coupled to a readout TFT that passes a current from the storage capacitor to a data line. The photo TFT may be disposed above the storage capacitor to increase the exposed surface area of the photo TFT.

Abstract: It is possible to decrease block segmentation and flickering due to separate exposure in an active matrix substrate while avoiding decreased aperture ratio, increased parasitic capacity and complication in manufacturing process. A first pixel circuit and a second pixel circuit including a first-type TFT and a second-type TFT, respectively, are disposed alternately relative to each other in both directions of row and column in an active matrix substrate. In the first-type and the second-type TFTs, a pattern misalignment of the drain electrode with respect to the gate electrode in an up-down direction will increase/decrease a gate-drain parasitic capacity Cgd in reverse ways. By disposing these two types of TFTs in uniform dispersion, the increase/decrease in the parasitic capacity Cgd caused by pattern misalignment occurring at the time of manufacture are averaged.

Abstract: Active devices in a thin film diode (TFD) liquid crystal display (LCD) panel used to control liquid crystal are formed by a metal layer, a transparent conductive layer, and an insulating layer sequentially on a substrate, wherein the metal layer is used as transmitting signal and the transparent conductive layer is used as bottom metal layer of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) thin film diode. The metal layer, the transparent conductive layer, and the insulating layer are defined with desired patterns. Further, a dielectric layer is formed over the substrate, metal layer, the transparent conductive layer, and the insulating layer, and defined to form the locations of electrode terminal and MIM thin film diode by using lithographic process. Next, another transparent conductive layer is formed on the dielectric layer and defined to form a pixel electrode and top metal layer of the MIM thin film diode by using lithographic process.

Abstract: A display is disclosed. The display includes a plurality of pixels configured to emit light. The display also includes a plurality of pixel control circuits that are each configured to regulate emission of light from a pixel. The pixel control circuits each include one or more two-terminal switching devices that include an organic semiconductor.

Abstract: The present invention has a pixel which includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a first resistor, a second resistor, a first liquid crystal element, and a second liquid crystal element. A pixel electrode of the first liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a signal line through the first switch. The pixel electrode of the first liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a pixel electrode of the second liquid crystal element through the second switch and the first resistor. The pixel electrode of the second liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a Cs line through the third switch and the second resistor. A common electrode of the first liquid crystal element is electrically connected to a common electrode of the second liquid crystal element.

Abstract: Active devices in a thin film diode (TFD) liquid crystal display (LCD) panel used to control liquid crystal are formed by a metal layer, a transparent conductive layer, and an insulating layer sequentially on a substrate, wherein the metal layer is used as transmitting signal and the transparent conductive layer is used as bottom metal layer of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) thin film diode. The metal layer, the transparent conductive layer, and the insulating layer are defined with desired patterns. Further, a dielectric layer is formed over the substrate, metal layer, the transparent conductive layer, and the insulating layer, and defined to form the locations of electrode terminal and MIM thin film diode by using lithographic process. Next, another transparent conductive layer is formed on the dielectric layer and defined to form a pixel electrode and top metal layer of the MIM thin film diode by using lithographic process.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is provided, which includes: a pair of first and second signal lines transmitting select pulses having opposite polarity; a third signal line transmitting data voltages; first and second field generating electrodes separated from each other with a gap; and a plurality of diodes connected between the first and the second signal lines and the first and the second field generating electrodes and providing at least two different resistances.

Abstract: A wiring structure includes: a plurality of linear conductors extending generally parallel to one another; a first input terminal for inputting an electrical signal to a first group of linear conductors selected from among the plurality of linear conductors; and a second input terminal for inputting an electrical signal to a second group of linear conductors, different conductors, selected from among the plurality of linear conductors, the second input terminal being adjacent to the first input terminal. A plurality of the linear conductors are present between the first group of linear conductors and the second group of linear conductors.

Abstract: To provide an active matrix type display device which can be manufactured by an easier method than before. A display device 100 has a plurality of first electrodes 11, a plurality of bidirectional two-terminal elements 12, a plurality of picture electrodes 14 electrically connected to any one of the plurality of first electrodes 11 via at least one of the plurality of bidirectional two-terminal elements 12 respectively, a plurality of second electrodes 17, and a display medium layer provided between the plurality of picture electrodes 14 and the plurality of second electrodes 17. A layout relationship between each of the plurality of picture electrodes 14 and said at least one of the bidirectional two-terminal elements 12 is random.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of first electrodes, a plurality of picture electrodes electrically connected to one of the plurality of first electrodes via at least one bidirectional two-terminal element respectively, a plurality of second electrodes, and a display medium layer provided between the plurality of picture electrodes and plurality of second electrodes. The first electrodes have an electrode layer having an opening formed at least in a portion of an area overlapping the plurality of picture electrodes so as to prevent degradation of display quality caused by a parasitic capacitance.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid crystal display device in which the wiring resistivity of signal lines is reduced. The liquid crystal display device includes substrates disposed in opposition to each other with a liquid crystal interposed therebetween, a thin film transistor to be driven by a scanning signal supplied from a gate signal line, and a pixel electrode to be supplied with a video signal from a drain signal line via the thin film transistor, the thin film transistor and the pixel being provided in each pixel area on a liquid-crystal-side surface of one of the substrates. The gate signal line is made of a multi-layered structure including at least an ITO film formed on the liquid-crystal-side surface and a Mo layer formed to overlie the ITO film.

Abstract: TFT array substrates used for liquid crystal display panels are disclosed of which the fabrication processes are simplified and the manufacturing costs are reduced by reducing the number of masks used in fabricating the TFT array substrates. A gate wiring line metal film, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor film, and a contact electrode metal film are formed on a substrate surface. The contact electrode metal film, the semiconductor film, the gate insulating film, and the gate wiring line metal film are sequentially etched, by photolithography, using a first pattern, and the side surfaces of a gate wiring line metal film pattern, which is formed into portions of gate wiring lines and gate electrodes, are oxidized. A transparent conductive film is formed, and part of the transparent conductive film, the contact electrode metal film, and the semiconductor film are sequentially etched, by photolithography, using a second pattern.

Abstract: A thin film two-terminal element is formed by laminating a protruding portion of a second conductor layer on a first conductor layer via a nonlinear resistor layer. An insulator layer is positioned between the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer except a region to become the thin film two-terminal element. Therefore, the allowance of the relative position of the second conductor layer with respect to the first conductor layer and the nonlinear resistor layer is considerably large as compared with that of prior art, and it is possible to ensure a requisite alignment margin with respect to deformation of the substrate in the production process.

Abstract: An operating method for a color display system including an active matrix bistable liquid crystal display (LCD) having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix based on color data and status bits corresponding to each of the pixels stored in a memory includes steps for generating voltage data corresponding to the pixels based on the color data and the status bits stored for each of the pixels, converting the voltage data to drive signals suitable for driving the active matrix bistable LCD, and applying the drive signals to the active matrix bistable LCD. In an exemplary embodiment, the active matrix bistable LCD is a Cholesteric LCD. Advantageously, the generating, converting, and applying steps are repeated for a corresponding pixel N times, where N is an integer established by the status bits.

Abstract: A bi-directional single-conductor interface is provided, comprising (1) a switching means for applying a voltage level to the interface that is outside a normal voltage operating range for the interface and for removing the applied voltage level at an end of a specified time duration; and (2) a timer initiated by detection of the applied voltage and arranged to include a timing interval following removal of the applied voltage. With the interface of the invention, data is caused to be transmitted via the interface in a first direction during the timing interval of the timer, and in an opposite direction during other times.

Abstract: A low power color display system includes a memory which, stores color data and status bits corresponding to a plurality of pixels, status logic, which generates the status bits responsive to receipt of color data for a respective one of the pixels, a data generator, which generates voltage data corresponding to the pixels based on the color data and the status bits for each of the pixels, driver circuitry, which generates voltage signals responsive to receipt of the voltage data for each of the pixels, and a bistable liquid crystal display (LCD) having multiple cells arranged in a matrix, each cell corresponding to a pixel, the LCD being responsive to the voltage signals. Preferably, the system also includes a power supply which provides power to the driver circuitry, and a power manager, the latter turning the power supply ON when the data generator is in the first operating mode and turning the power supply OFF when the data generator is in the second operating mode.