Abstract: A Short Circuit Detection module capable of detecting a fail related with the Short circuit condition in one or more LEDs contained in a series connection string comply with the failure mode (One out-All out) and can send a single failure signal to a body control module (BCM). The Short Circuit Detection module also includes a lamp driver circuit adapted to detect a change in LED current or voltage that is indicative of a LED light source failure and thereafter output the failure signal to the BCM.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display apparatus. The display apparatus includes: a liquid crystal panel; and a backlight unit configured to emit light to the liquid crystal panel. The backlight unit includes: a substrate extending along a first direction; a light emitting diode provided on the substrate; a refractive cover provided on the light emitting diode to refract light emitted from the light emitting diode; and a lens provided on the substrate and the refractive cover, the lens comprising a bottom surface having a first length in the first direction that is less than a second length in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes: a plurality of light sources configured to be disposed on a substrate; a light diffusion member configured to commonly cover the plurality of light sources; and a plurality of wavelength conversion members configured to be disposed between the light sources and the light diffusion member in a thickness direction and disposed in regions corresponding to the plurality of light sources in a plane, respectively, and configured to convert light with a first wavelength from the light sources into light with a second wavelength.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting diode, LED, filament lamp (100) which provides LED filament lamp light (100?). The LED filament comprises a first linear array of LEDs (101) and a second linear array of LEDs (106), and a carrier (103). The first linear array of LEDs (101) are arranged on a first surface (102) of the carrier (103) and includes only first LEDs (104) which are configured to emit first white light (105). The second linear array of LEDs (106) are arranged on a second surface (107) of the carrier (103), opposite to said first surface (102), and includes only second LEDs (108) which are configured to emit color controllable light (109). The LED filament light (100?) comprises the first white light (105) and/or the color controllable light (109).

Abstract: A display device having a function of sensing light is provided. The display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a light-receiving element, a light-emitting element, a resin layer, and a light shielding layer. The light-receiving element, the light-emitting element, the resin layer, and the light shielding layer are each positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate. The light-receiving element includes a first pixel electrode over the first substrate, an active layer over the first pixel electrode, and a common electrode over the active layer. The light-emitting element includes a second pixel electrode over the first substrate, a first light-emitting layer over the second pixel electrode, and the common electrode over the first light-emitting layer. The resin layer and the light shielding layer are each positioned between the common electrode and the second substrate. The resin layer includes a portion overlapping with the light-emitting element.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an optoelectronic device based on a dual micro-cavity structure, and more particularly, to a technology that simultaneously realizes the high Q factors of the three primary colors in an optoelectronic device based on a dual micro-cavity structure. The optoelectronic device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to a self-emissive device, and includes a first reflector layer, an active cavity layer formed on the first reflector layer, a second reflector layer formed on the active cavity layer, an external cavity layer formed on the second reflector layer, a third reflector layer formed on the external cavity layer, and a passivation layer formed on the third reflector layer, wherein a first micro-cavity corresponding to the first and second reflector layers and a second micro-cavity corresponding to the second and third reflector layers may be generated.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes: a plurality of light sources configured to be disposed on a substrate; a light diffusion member configured to commonly cover the plurality of light sources; and a plurality of wavelength conversion members configured to be disposed between the light sources and the light diffusion member in a thickness direction and disposed in regions corresponding to the plurality of light sources in a plane, respectively, and configured to convert light with a first wavelength from the light sources into light with a second wavelength.

Abstract: A backlight device is provided and includes case having bottom plate; light guide having front surface as emission surface, rear surface opposed to front surface, and incidence surface that is one of side surfaces of light guide, rear surface facing to bottom plate; light-emitting elements facing incident surface of light guide, each of light-emitting elements having bottom surface and light-emitting surface facing incidence surface of light guide; fixing tape arranged on bottom plate, each of bottom surfaces of light-emitting elements and rear surface of light guide being adhered to fixing tape; and light-shield facing fixing tape through light guide.

Abstract: A digital display device including, from top to bottom, a first red filter, a transflective liquid crystal display cell, a second red filter and an emissive display cell, the transflective liquid crystal display cell displaying information using at least one first seven-segment digit and the emissive display cell providing a plurality of juxtaposed light points which are arranged so as to provide a display formed by at least one second seven-segment digit.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a backlight apparatus for a display and a current control integrated circuit thereof. The backlight apparatus includes a backlight panel including light-emitting diode (LED) channels having a matrix structure and divided into a plurality of control units, a column driver configured to provide, in a horizontal period unit, column signals corresponding to columns of the LED channels, a row driver configured to provide, in a frame unit, row signals corresponding to rows of the LED channels and to sequentially provide the row signals in the horizontal period included in the frame, and current control integrated circuits disposed in the backlight panel in a way to correspond to the control units, respectively, and each configured to receive the column signal and the row signals corresponding to LED channels of the control unit and to control emission of the LED channels of the control unit.

Abstract: A light emitting device, a method of fabricating a light emitting device and a method of controlling light emission. The light emitting device includes a plasmonic structure. The plasmonic structure is configured to have a plurality of localized surface plasmon resonances. The light emitting device also includes a broadband light emitting layer having an emission spectrum substantially overlapping wavelengths of the localized surface plasmon resonances. A spacer layer is disposed between the plasmonic structure and the broadband light emitting layer. A color of light emitted by the broadband light emitting layer is tunable by the localized surface plasmon resonances of the plasmonic structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a semiconducting nanoparticle.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display device, a polarizer, and a protective film that enable suppression of the occurrence of rainbow unevenness to improve visibility in a liquid crystal display device including a backlight light source comprising white-light-emitting diode having an emission spectrum that has one or more peak tops in each of the blue region (400 nm or more and less than 495 nm), the green region (495 nm or more and less than 600 nm), and the red region (600 nm or more and 780 nm or less). The protective film contains a polyethylene terephthalate-based resin film that has a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm, wherein the CTF value of periodic unevenness of the x value of chromaticity at an observation angle of 55 degrees is 1.2 or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display substrate. The display substrate may include a base substrate; and a plurality of pixels in a display area on the base substrate. At least one of the plurality of pixels includes a first sub-pixel and a third sub-pixel. The first sub-pixel may include an OLED component that emits light of a first color, the third sub-pixel may include a LED component that emits light of a third color, and the first color and the third color are different colors. All sub-pixels including OLED components may be disposed on a same side of the base substrate, and all sub-pixels including LED components may be disposed on another side of the base substrate opposite the side on which the OLED components are disposed.

Abstract: A resin composition, a light conversion layer and a light emitting device are provided. The resin composition includes a quantum dot (A), an alkali-soluble resin (B), an ethylenically unsaturated monomer (C), a photoinitiator (D), a solvent (E) and a phenyl-based compound (F). The phenyl-based compound (F) includes at least one of a compound represented by following Formula (F-1) and a compound represented by following Formula (F-2). Based on a total usage amount of the resin composition as 100 parts by weight, a usage amount of the phenyl-based compound (F) is 0.05 to 5 parts by weight. In Formula (F-1) and Formula (F-2), the definition of R1, R3, R4, Y, Z, m, n and p are the same as defined in the detailed description.

Abstract: An insulated metal substrate (IMS) and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The IMS includes an electrically conductive line pattern layer, an encapsulation layer, a first adhesive layer, a second adhesive layer, and a heat sink element. The encapsulation layer fills a gap between a plurality of electrically conductive lines of the electrically conductive line pattern layer. An upper surface of the encapsulation layer is flush with an upper surface of the electrically conductive line pattern layer. The first and second adhesive layer are disposed between the electrically conductive line pattern layer and the heat sink element. A bonding strength between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is greater than 80 kg/cm2.

Abstract: To provide a backlight that reduces the number of LEDs used while facilitating the attempt to make the backlight smaller in thickness. On a mount substrate (11), LEDs (13) are mounted in a square lattice arrangement. Over a portion near the center of each unit of the square lattice, protrusions (15) of a diffusion plate (14) are disposed. Among light emitted from the LEDs (13), light traveling in lateral directions between the mount substrate (11) and the diffusion plate (14) is captured by the protrusions (15). The captured light is refracted and reflected by the interfaces of the protrusions (15), and diffused due to diffusing particles, with the result that the light is turned into upward illumination light.

Abstract: A light emission control device includes: a first light emission control circuit outputting a first control signal and a second control signal; and a second light emission control circuit outputting a third control signal and a fourth control signal. The first light emission control circuit controls a phase of the second control signal based on a first PWM signal in a first PWM dimming mode. The second light emission control circuit controls a phase of the fourth control signal based on a second PWM signal in a second PWM dimming mode. The second light emission control circuit outputs the fourth control signal having a phase different from that of the second control signal in a first analog dimming mode and a second analog dimming mode.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a light conversion film, a backlight unit and a display device, and according to the embodiments, white light can be produced by a simplified configuration and be uniformly provided to a panel by disposing, over areas corresponding to light sources, patterns changing traveling paths of light emitted from a light source and patterns converting wavelengths of light. Further, by allowing a base film to provide a function of guiding light by disposing, over a light source, the base film on which a light path change pattern and a color conversion pattern are disposed to be adjacent to the light source, it is possible to minimize a thickness of the backlight unit and enhance image quality presented by illumination of the backlight unit.

Abstract: A display panel, and a display device and a drive method thereof are provided. The display panel includes a first array substrate and a second array substrate cell-assembled with each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the first array substrate and the second array substrate. The display panel further includes a plurality of sub-pixel units, and each of the sub-pixel units includes a color film pattern on the first array substrate, an electroluminescent layer on the second array substrate, and driving electrodes for driving the liquid crystal layer and the electroluminescent layer; and the driving electrodes comprise a reflective electrode on the second array substrate and below the electroluminescent layer, a transparent electrode on the electroluminescent layer, and a pixel electrode on the first array substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a backlight unit configured to emit light to a liquid crystal display device including a plurality of pixels, the backlight unit including a substrate including a driving circuit, and a light source array including a plurality of micro light-emitting elements provided on the substrate, wherein a number of micro light-emitting elements is equal to or greater than a number of the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: An LED lighting package is described that contains a first LED string with a plurality of series-connected light-emitting diodes and a first linear regulator arranged to determine the current through the first LED string. At least one further LED string includes a plurality of series-connected light-emitting diodes of a different color, and a further linear regulator is arranged to determine the current through that LED string. The different colored LED strings are connected in parallel. A common voltage supply is used for the LED strings. The number of light-emitting diodes in the first LED string exceeds the number of light-emitting diodes in each further LED string (, and the number of light-emitting diodes in each LED string is chosen such that the total forward voltage of a further LED string is essentially the same as the total forward voltage of the first LED string.

Abstract: An imaging device is descried herein. The imaging device includes a first imaging structure and a second imaging structure that are respectively and sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The first imaging structure performs amplitude modulation on a light signal based on a first drive signal, and outputs amplitude-modulated light carrying pixel information of a first image and pixel information of a second image, and the first drive signal is determined based on light intensity of the first image and light intensity of the second image. The second imaging structure performs phase modulation on the amplitude-modulated light based on a second drive signal, where phase-modulated light is decomposed into light having two polarization components, which are used when forming the first image and the second image, and the second drive signal is determined based on the light intensity of the first image and the light intensity of the second image.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a color film assembly, a display substrate and a method for fabricating the same, and a display apparatus. The color film assembly includes a quantum dot layer, and a filter layer on a light emitting side of the quantum dot layer. The filter layer includes filter units. Each of the filter units includes a first filter structure. A light emitting surface of the first filter structure has at least one converging structure. The quantum dot layer includes quantum dot units which are in one-to-one correspondence with the filter units. Each quantum dot unit includes at least one quantum dot structure. The quantum dot structures in each quantum dot unit are in one-to-one correspondence with the first filter structures in the corresponding filter unit.

Abstract: A light-emitting device has a light-emitting element including first and a second semiconductor light-emitting structures, each having a first and a second electrode, and a substrate supporting the light-emitting element. The substrate has an interconnection layer having a first interconnection portion comprising a first land, a second interconnection portion comprising second and third lands, and a third interconnection portion comprising a fourth land, and a first reflective member covering a portion of the interconnection layer. A portion of the first land is coupled to the first electrode of the first semiconductor light-emitting structure. A portion of the second land and a portion of the third land are coupled to the second electrode of the first semiconductor light-emitting structure and the first electrode of the second semiconductor light-emitting structure, respectively. A portion of the fourth land is coupled to the second electrode of the second semiconductor light-emitting structure.

Abstract: A stretchable electrooptical device includes a liquid crystal cell disposed between first and second ionic conducting gel layers; and first and second electronic conductors in electrical contact with the first and second ionic conducting gel layers, respectively, said first and second electronic conductors connectable to an external voltage source.

Abstract: Display panel stack-up structures are described. In an embodiment, a display panel includes a substrate, a light source, and a multiple layer thin film encapsulation over the light source. In an embodiment, the display panel additionally includes an anti-reflection layer over the light source. In an embodiment, an incoherence layer is located within the thin film encapsulation.

Abstract: A display device includes a backlight, a first substrate on a path of light output from the backlight, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a light amount control layer between the first and second substrates, a color filter layer on the second substrate at a pixel area, and a light conversion layer between the light amount control layer and the color filter layer. The light conversion layer outputs white light.

Abstract: A display device includes a frame and an image display device. The image display device includes an image forming device, a light guide device, and a lens system. The image forming device includes light emitting elements 300 arranged in a two-dimensional matrix. Each of the light emitting elements 300 has a laminated structure 301 including at least one layer of light emitting laminates 310, 320, and 330 each including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a light emitting layer provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The laminated structure 301 has a through hole 360 through which light from the light emitting layer is emitted toward the lens system. An antireflection layer 370 is formed in a portion of the laminated structure facing the lens system.

Abstract: A head-up display device that displays a virtual image to be viewable by an occupant in a movable body includes: a light source part which emits light source light; a liquid crystal panel integrally having a pair of polarizers for liquid crystals and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the polarizers in a stacked state; and an additional polarizer arranged in an optical path between the light source part and the liquid crystal panel. The additional polarizer and the pair of polarizers for liquid crystals have properties of transmitting polarized light along a transmission axis and shielding polarized light along a shielding axis which intersects the transmission axis. The additional polarizer is arranged such that the transmission axis and the shielding axis respectively match those of a polarizer for liquid crystals adjacent to the light source part, of the pair of polarizers for liquid crystals.

Abstract: To provide a backlight that reduces the number of LEDs used while facilitating the attempt to make the backlight smaller in thickness. On amount substrate (11), LEDs (13) are mounted in a square lattice arrangement. Over a portion near the center of each unit of the square lattice, protrusions (15) of a diffusion plate (14) are disposed. Among light emitted from the LEDs (13), light traveling in lateral directions between the mount substrate (11) and the diffusion plate (14) is captured by the protrusions (15). The captured light is refracted and reflected by the interfaces of the protrusions (15), and diffused due to diffusing particles, with the result that the light is turned into upward illumination light.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display including a substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode on the substrate and facing each other, at least two organic light emitting layers between the first electrode and the second electrode, and at least two color filters on the second electrode, the organic light emitting layers emitting a first color light, and the color filters emitting a second color light and a third color light.

Abstract: An optical filter includes a substrate including a plurality of pixel areas spaced apart from each other and a light-blocking area between the plurality of pixel areas, a plurality of color filters arranged on a first surface of the substrate and corresponding to the plurality of pixel areas, and a plurality of conversion layers arranged on the first surface of the substrate and corresponding to the plurality of color filters. Each of the conversion layers includes inclined side surfaces. The optical filter further includes a reflective layer on the inclined side surfaces of each of the plurality of conversion layers. The reflective layer extends to the light-blocking area and is arranged consecutively on two adjacent inclined side surfaces from among the inclined side surfaces of the plurality of conversion layers and the light-blocking area between the two adjacent inclined side surfaces.

Abstract: An OLED panel may include a substrate including a first region and a second region disposed along a first direction. A plurality of first pixels are disposed in the first region on the substrate, the first pixels each having a first area, the first pixels each comprising a first unit pixel, a second unit pixel disposed along a second direction from the first unit pixel, and a transmission portion disposed along the first direction from the first unit pixel and the second unit pixel. A plurality of second pixels are disposed in the second region on the substrate, the second pixels each having a second area less than the first area, the second pixels each comprising a third unit pixel. The first unit pixel, the second unit pixel, and the third unit pixel may have substantially the same shape as each other.

Abstract: A filter structure, a display substrate, a display panel and a display device are provided. The filter structure includes a first refractive index match layer, a waveguide layer, a second refractive index match layer and a grating layer, that are stacked, the waveguide layer is located between the first refractive index match layer and the second refractive index match layer, the second refractive index match layer is located between the waveguide layer (112) and the grating layer, and refractive index of the first refractive index match layer and refractive index of the second refractive index match layer both are smaller than refractive index of the waveguide layer.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems, methods, and apparatuses for providing a dimming function in a single stage AC input light emitting diode (LED) driver with a controller that contains an on-chip error amplifier and an on-chip fixed reference voltage source coupled to a first input of the error amplifier. The controller controls a duty cycle of a switching transistor to cause a feedback voltage, applied to a first package input terminal, to match the reference voltage. To achieve a dimming function, a voltage across a current sense resistor in series with the LEDs is applied to a first input of a high gain differential amplifier, and a variable dimming control voltage is applied to a second input of the differential amplifier. The output of the differential amplifier is coupled to the first package input terminal. The differential amplifier input signals will be matched at the target LED current level.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal panel; light sources provided on a rear surface of the liquid crystal panel; a temperature sensor configured to detect an in-device temperature and provided on a rear surface side of the liquid crystal panel; and a control circuit configured to control lighting of the light sources by adjusting a duty ratio of a driving signal by pulse width modulation on the basis of the in-device temperature detected by the temperature sensor. When the in-device temperature is within a predetermined temperature range, the control circuit updates a current duty ratio of the driving signal in such a manner that the difference between the current duty ratio for each unit time and a target duty ratio preset for the in-device temperature is reduced in a stepwise manner.

Abstract: Provided are a display panel, a display device and a compensation method for the display device. The display panel includes an organic light-emitting diode display panel and a liquid crystal display panel, where the organic light-emitting diode display panel in a first display region is configured as a backlight for the liquid crystal display panel. The organic light-emitting diode display panel includes a first array substrate and an organic light-emitting function film. The first array substrate includes a first pixel driving circuit, where the first pixel driving circuit includes a first A-type pixel driving circuit and a first B-type pixel driving circuit, and a density of the first A-type pixel driving circuit is less than a density of the first B-type pixel driving circuit.

Abstract: Light-emitting quantum dot films, quantum dot lighting devices, and quantum dot-based backlight units are provided. Related compositions, components, and methods are also described. Improved quantum dot encapsulation and matrix materials are provided. Quantum dot films with protective barriers are described. High-efficiency, high brightness, and high-color purity quantum dot-based lighting devices are also included, as well as methods for improving efficiency and optical characteristics in quantum dot-based lighting devices.

Abstract: By using chip-by-chip, mainly separation technology, micro LED can be made very accurately and efficiently. First, after epitaxial process, the LED epi-wafer is processed into micro LEDs. Second, bonding substrates with driving circuits are provided for the LED epi-wafer. Then, each LED chip is fastened to the substrate chip-by-chip simultaneously or sequentially, and each LED chip may be transferred by using separation technology simultaneously or sequentially. The LED epi-wafer per se can be also provided as LED display substrate.

Abstract: This disclosure teaches a thin film beam steering system comprising either flat or tilted transparent electrodes on one side of the electro-optical crystal layer and a transparent ground electrode on the other side. There is an insulator between each adjacent electrode which can be inserted all the way or partially through the EO crystal layer. A mirror layer can also be attached to the ground electrode. The refractive index of the EO crystal layer is changeable as a function of varying an applied voltage generated by the voltage supply and applied to the EO crystal layer. The disclosure also includes bulk crystal beam steering systems to steer a beam in 2 dimensions and to a wider angle.

Abstract: An electronic package unit, a manufacturing method thereof and an electronic device are disclosed. The manufacturing method includes: providing an insulation substrate, wherein the insulation substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface; forming a plurality of sub-matrix circuits on the insulation substrate, wherein each sub-matrix circuit comprises at least one thin film transistor; disposing at least one functional chip on the first surface, wherein the functional chip is electrically connected with the sub-matrix circuit; forming a plurality of through-holes on the insulation substrate and disposing a conductive material in the through-holes, so that the functional chip is electrically connected to the second surface through the sub-matrix circuits and the conductive material; forming a protection layer on the first surface to cover the functional chips; and cutting the insulation substrate and the protection layer to form a plurality of electronic package units.

Abstract: The present utility model provides an electronic color temperature adjustment circuit, which comprises a color temperature control module, a color temperature adjustment module and at least two lines of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with different color temperatures, wherein said color temperature adjustment module is respectively connected with said color temperature control module and said LEDs, said color temperature control module is used to receive adjustment and control information of the user and output pulse width modulation (PWM) signals with different duty ratios to said color temperature adjustment module according to said adjustment and control information, and said color temperature adjustment module is used to change the color temperatures of the LEDs according to the PWM signals sent by said color temperature control module.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion coating and a method for fabricating the anti-corrosion coating is disclosed. The coating includes a polymer, a curing agent, and quantum dots. The method includes adding carbon quantum dots to a polymer coating as a nanofiller to enhance the corrosion resistance properties of the polymer coating. The coating is configured to provide improved anti-corrosion properties at a lower cost.

Abstract: A backlight unit for a liquid crystal display device, the backlight unit including: an light emitting diode (“LED”) light source; a light conversion layer disposed separate from the LED light source to convert light emitted from the LED light source to white light and to provide the white light to the liquid crystal panel; and a light guide panel disposed between the LED light source and the light conversion layer, wherein the light conversion layer includes a semiconductor nanocrystal and a polymer matrix, and wherein the polymer matrix includes a first polymerized polymer of a first monomer including at least two thiol (—SH) groups, each located at a terminal end of the first monomer, and a second monomer including at least two unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds, each located at a terminal end of the second monomer.

Abstract: A display device, a method for controlling the display device, and a wearable device are provided. The display device includes an organic light-emitting structural layer; at least one control assembly including a color filter layer and a control electrode layer; and a control circuit. The color filter layer is closer to the organic light-emitting structural layer than the control electrode layer, the color filter layer includes color filter regions and light-transmissible regions arranged alternately, the control electrode layer includes first electrodes, each first electrode is on one color filter region corresponding to the first electrode and light transmittance of the first electrode is changeable under voltages. The control circuit is connected to the first electrodes and applies the voltages to the first electrodes so as to control the light transmittance of the first electrodes.

Abstract: Light-emitting elements such as LEDs are associated with light-converting material such as phosphor and/or other material. A donor substrate comprising the light-converting and/or other material is suitably placed relative to a target substrate associated with the light-emitting elements. A laser or other energy source is then used to transfer the light-converting and/or other material in a pattern via writing or masking from the donor substrate to the target substrate in accordance with the pattern. Addressability and targetability of the transfer process facilitates precise patterning of the target substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a display apparatus and a three-dimensional display method thereof. A via hole at least passing through a base substrate is formed in an array substrate of a liquid crystal display panel, and a signal line on an upper surface of the array substrate can be connected with a driving chip bonded onto an electroluminescent display substrate, through the via hole on a lower surface of the array substrate and through a conductive material in an optical clear adhesive. A signal line on the electroluminescent display substrate also can be connected with a driving chip bonded onto an upper surface of the array substrate, through the conductive material in the optical clear adhesive on a lower surface of the array substrate and through the via hole.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a precursor for synthesizing a number of molecules for use in organic photovoltaics. The precursor is diiodo-furopyran (DFP), such as dibromo-DFP (DBDFP), to be used to synthesize a number of different molecules for use in organic photovoltaics. DFP possesses numerous reactive sites that can be used to simultaneously modify the backbone structure (which can be used to tune electronic and crystalline properties) and the side-chains (affecting the solubility and the solubility of any subsequent copolymers). Each of the molecules has either a biisocoumarin or biisoquinoline core structure and can be easily varied to yield a different functional backbone or different substituents. The molecules can be used in copolymers or small molecules for use in OPVs.

Abstract: A multi-color emissive display is presented with printed light modifier structures. A fabrication method provides an emissive substrate with a plurality of wells formed in the emissions substrate top surface, and a plurality of emissive elements populating the wells. The method prints light modifier structures overlying the emissive elements. Some examples of light modifier material include light scattering materials, phosphors, and quantum dots. In one aspect, the emissive substrate wells have a first shape, with sidewalls and a first perimeter. Likewise, the emissive elements have the first shape, with sides and a second perimeter, less than the first perimeter. The light modifier structures fill the space between the emissive element sides and the well sidewalls with light modifier material. If the first shape is circular, the method prints the light modifier structures overlying the emissive elements in the circular shape having a first diameter defined by the well sidewalls.