Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus which allows a patient to experience a manner of view after surgery (after correction) prior to surgery (prior to correction) and is capable of obtaining information required for performing refractive surgery suitable for the patient. The apparatus, which allows a patient to experience a manner of view after correction of optical aberration of a patient's eye, includes a target presenting optical system for presenting a target which the patient's eye is made to visually recognize, an aberration correcting optical system, which is arranged within an optical path of the target presenting optical system and has a light shaping optical unit which performs light shaping, for correcting the optical aberration of the patient's eye, an input unit which inputs data for correcting the optical aberration of the patient's eye, and a control unit which controls driving of the aberration correcting optical system based on the inputted correction data.

Abstract: It is possible to estimate optical characteristic according to a pupil diameter in daily life of an examinee, correction data near to the optimal prescription value, eyesight, and sensitivity. A calculation section receives measurement data indicating refractive power distribution of an eye to be examined and pupil data on the eye and calculates lower order and higher order aberrations according to the measurement data and the pupil data (S101 to 105). For example, a pupil edge is detected from the anterior ocular segment image and a pupil diameter is calculated. By using this pupil diameter, lower order and higher order aberrations are calculated. According to the lower order and higher order aberrations obtained, the calculation section performs simulation of a retina image by using high contrast or low contrast target and estimates the eyesight by comparing the result to a template and/or obtains sensitivity (S107).

Abstract: A fixed target position which is synthesized and outputted is shifted to a correct position of a display device in accordance with an image pickup magnification of an eye to be examined. A state in which the imaging lens is moved to change an imaging magnification of an eye fundus image Pr of an eye to be examined E is indicated. If an image is magnified, the state wherein a mark M1 and a substantial center of a macular portion Po of the eye to be examined coincide with each other may change to the state wherein the macular portion Po is deviated from the mark M1. In such case, with respect to a shifting distance of the mark M1 required at this time, in the case where the position of the mark M1 is located at a distance of “a” from a center, when an image pickup magnification is n times, it is n·a from the center.

Abstract: An eye's optical characteristics measuring system, comprising a target projecting means for projecting a target image on a fundus of an eye under test, a photodetecting means for guiding the target image toward a photoelectric detector, a pupil diameter measuring means, a calculating means for calculating optical characteristics of the eye under test according to distribution of optical intensity obtained based on an image acquired by the photoelectric detector, and an aperture selecting means provided on each of the target projecting means and the photodetecting means, wherein the aperture selecting means is independently driven, and apertures to restrict a projecting luminous flux and a photodetecting luminous flux are selected based on a pupil diameter of the eye under test measured by the pupil diameter measuring means.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a corneal-ablation-data determining apparatus and a corneal-ablation-data determining program capable of controlling corneal ablation amount distribution and expanding ablation applicability. In the present invention, the corneal-ablation-data determining apparatus for use in keratorefractive surgery for ablating a corneal surface to correct a refractive error has input means for inputting measurement data on any one of wavefront aberration distribution and refractive power distribution of a patient's eye, decentering means for decentering a reference axis being a calculation reference for a corneal ablation amount, and calculation means for obtaining the corneal ablation amount based on the measurement data and data on eccentricity of the reference axis.

Abstract: An eye characteristic measuring apparatus can effectively and properly measure and display wavefront aberration of an eye regardless of the eye state. A first illumination optical system (200A) illuminates a small area on a retina of the eye by a first light flux from a first light source unit (100). A first reception light optical system (300A) leads a part of light flux reflected from the retina (61) to a first light reception unit (510) via a first conversion member (400) for converting the reflected light flux into at least 17 beams. A measurement data judgment unit, for example, judges whether the measurement data is appropriate for calculating the wavefront aberration according to a first signal from the first light reception unit (510). For example, when the measurement data judgment unit judges that the measurement data is not appropriate, a first correction unit causes to display a check correction screen which will be detailed later and corrects the data into appropriate measurement data.

Abstract: A perimeter for examining a visual field condition of an examinee's eye, includes: a target presenting unit a response unit brain activity detecting unit which detects an activity condition of a visual cortex of the examinee; and an operation unit which determines if the response with the response unit with respect to presentation of the target is resulted from a fact that the examinee can perceive the target based on a detection result of the brain activity detecting unit and which obtains the visual field condition on the basis of the presentation condition of the target and the response result in consideration of the determination result of the brain activity detecting unit.

Abstract: An eye target apparatus and method helping to control an operative eye focus line of sight position during medical procedures on the operative eye of a cooperative awake patient. The apparatus includes a housing for occluding substantially all visual perception from an exterior environment for a non operative eye, the housing including a cover, with an internal surface that forms a plane approximately perpendicular to the non operative eye line of sight axis. Also included is a visually perceptible element adjacent to the internal surface being in visual communication with the non operative eye and structure for moving the visually perceptible element within the plane to any selected position, the apparatus is operational to help the non operative eye focus on a selected line of sight position upon the visually perceptible element with the result in assisting in the operative eye achieving a stable selected line of sight position.

Abstract: An eye's optical characteristics measuring system, comprising a first target projection optical system for projecting a target image on a fundus of an eye under test, a first photodetecting means for receiving the target image reflected from the fundus of the eye under test from the first target image projecting optical system, an ocular refractive power measuring unit for measuring ocular refractive power of the eye under test based on photodetection result from the first photodetecting means, a second target projecting means for projecting a spot-like target image to the fundus of the eye under test, a second photodetecting means for receiving the target image reflected from the fundus of the eye under test, and an eye's optical characteristics measuring unit for measuring ocular refractive power based on two or more images acquired at a predetermined refractive degree pitch before and after centering the refractive degree of the eye under test obtained by the second photodetecting means.

Abstract: The present invention is a system and method for detecting facial features of humans in a continuous video and superimposing virtual objects onto the features automatically and dynamically in real-time. The suggested system is named Facial Enhancement Technology (FET). The FET system consists of three major modules, initialization module, facial feature detection module, and superimposition module. Each module requires demanding processing time and resources by nature, but the FET system integrates these modules in such a way that real time processing is possible. The users can interact with the system and select the objects on the screen. The superimposed image moves along with the user's random motion dynamically. The FET system enables the user to experience something that was not possible before by augmenting the person's facial images. The hardware of the FET system comprises the continuous image-capturing device, image processing and controlling system, and output display system.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided an ophthalmologic apparatus in which identifying power for the index or an index indicating state is improved to eliminate the confusion of a person to be examined, so that an eye examination time period can be shortened and the reliability of an eye examination can be improved. The ophthalmologic apparatus includes an index plate that displays an index, an index projecting optical system that projects the index to an eye to be examined, a variable cross cylinder that produces a pair of index indicating states of the index used for a cross cylinder test, a lamp and a liquid crystal screen that generate identifiers serving as identification information, and a dichroic mirror that combines the identifiers with the pair of index indicating states to be indicated to the eye to be examined.

Abstract: An optometric apparatus for a subjective examination of a visual function of an eye of an examinee includes a pair of right and left lens chamber units, each including, a test window and a rotating disk on which a plurality of optical elements are mounted in a circumferential arrangement to be changeably placed in the test window, the optical elements including a green filter and an aperture.

Abstract: The aberration and refraction power data of an eye to be examined obtained from a first light reception unit and cornea data of the eye to be examined are correlated with each other so as to be overlaid accurately. A first signal and a second signal are concurrently captured, and the optical characteristics and cornea shape of the eye to be examined are measured concurrently or almost concurrently. A measuring unit (111) measures dioptrical characteristics based on a first light reception signal from the first light reception unit (23), and measures a corneal topography based on a second light reception signal from the second light reception unit (35). A coordinates setting unit (112) converts signal in first and second coordinate systems, corresponding to the eye to be examined, included in the first and second reception signal into signal in reference coordinate systems respectively.

Abstract: A laser treatment apparatus comprises: a binocular indirect ophthalmoscope which is fixedly mounted on a head of an operator during use; an irradiation optical system which is placed in the ophthalmoscope and adapted to irradiate a treatment laser beam delivered into the ophthalmoscope to a treatment part of a patient; and a shift unit which is placed in the irradiation optical system and adapted to shift an irradiation position of the treatment beam in two-dimensional, vertical and horizontal directions.

Abstract: An ophthalmic apparatus capable of guiding the visual axis of an eye to be examined, obtaining information about the visual axis, and performing measurement of optical characteristics of an eye such as wavefront aberration or laser refractive surgery with reference to the visual axis. The apparatus is provided with a target presenting optical system for guiding a visual axis of a patient's eye, and the presenting optical system has an optical axis of presentation and is provided with a first target and a second target located on the eye's side relative to the first target both on the optical axis of presentation, where the optical axis of presentation coincides with the visual axis when the eye fixates so as to make the first target coincide with the second target.

Abstract: The present invention provides variable spot size illuminators that provide a light spot on a treatment plane by utilizing a zoom lens to direct light received from an image of a light source formed on an intermediate image plane onto the treatment plane. The zoom lens allows varying the size of the treatment spot while ensuring that the treatment spot exhibits parfocality. An illuminator of the invention can be utilized for performing a number of ophthalmic surgical procedures, such as, photocoagulation, transpupillary thermal therapy, and photodynamic therapy.

Abstract: An eye examination instrument is presented that can perform multiple eye tests. The instrument includes an illumination optical path and an imaging optical path, wherein a focus element in the illumination optical path is mechanically coupled to a focus element in the imaging optical path. In some embodiments, the eye examination instrument can perform a visual eye test, a fundus imaging test, and an optical coherence tomography test.

Abstract: A refractive power measurement apparatus capable of measuring a refractive power of an optical system to be measured with a simple constitution at low cost. The refractive power measurement apparatus includes a projection optical system which projects measurement light onto an optical system to be measured, a photo-receiving optical system provided with a photodetector which photo-receives the measurement light from the optical system to be measured and a lens system which guides the measurement light onto the photodetector, a moving device for moving the lens system within a plane intersecting at right angles with an optical axis of the photo-receiving optical system so as to form a predetermined measurement pattern image on a photo-receiving surface of the photodetector, and a calculation device for calculating a refractive power of the optical system to be measured based on the measurement pattern image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electronically performing a visual field test for a patient. A visual field test pattern is displayed to the patient on an electronic display device and the patient's responses to the visual field test pattern are recorded. A visual field representation is generated from the patient's responses. The visual field representation is then used as an input into a variety of automated diagnostic processes. In one process, the visual field representation is used to generate a statistical description of the rapidity of change of a patient's visual field at the boundary of a visual field defect. In another process, the area of a visual field defect is calculated using the visual field representation. In another process, the visual field representation is used to generate a statistical description of the volume of a patient's visual field defect.

Abstract: A vision metric, called the sharpness metric, indicates the subjective sharpness of a patient's vision by taking into account both the wavefront aberration and the retinal response to the image. A retinal image quality function such as the point spread function is convolved by a neural quality function, and the maximum of the convolution over the retinal plane provides the sharpness metric. The sharpness metric can be used to control eye surgery or the fabrication of a lens.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an accommodative stimulation device, an electromagnetic wave exposure device, and an imaging device. The apparatus acquires imaging information about an eye by means of the electromagnetic wave exposure device and the imaging device as the apparatus simultaneously stimulates the eye to undergo at least one reversible accommodative transition from any first state of accommodation to any second state of accommodation by means of the accommodative stimulation device. The accommodative stimulation device has an axis of projection that is substantially perpendicular to a visual axis of the eye, along which axis of projection an adjustable accommodative target is projected through a system of Badal optics, having a Badal optical axis coincident with the axis of projection, to strike a half-silvered mirror lying in a plane that forms an angle of about 45 degrees with the axis of projection and the visual axis of the eye.

Abstract: To provide an ophthalmic image pickup apparatus capable of setting a fixation target in a position suitable for image pickup in accordance with a selection of an image pickup purpose (group medical examination such as an adult disease examination or a glaucomatous examination). In addition, it can be determined whether operation of the fixation target is inhibited or allowed in accordance with the selected image pickup purpose.

Abstract: An eye's optical characteristic measuring system, comprising a target projecting system for projecting a target image to an ocular fundus of an eye under test, a photodetection optical system for guiding the target image to a photoelectric detector, a simulation image calculating unit for calculating images of the target image to be formed when a plurality of target images of different sizes are independently projected to the fundus of the eye under test based on light amount intensity distribution of the target image detected at the photoelectric detector, and a visual acuity calculating unit having a predetermined threshold value and used for detecting light amount distribution characteristics from each of the light amount intensity distribution in a predetermined longitudinal direction of a plurality of target images calculated at the simulation image calculating unit and for calculating a visual acuity value of a person under test from an intersection of the light amount distribution characteristics and t

Abstract: Scanning spot locations are generated for ablating tissue using a scanning laser beam over a treatment region by taking a target function representing a desired lens profile of ablation with a basis function representing a treatment profile produced by overlapping scanning spots in a particular treatment pattern. In some embodiments, the basis function is a two-dimensional function representing a two-dimensional section of a three-dimensional treatment profile, which has symmetry with respect to the two-dimensional section extending along the treatment pattern. For example, the treatment pattern is generally straight for myopic and hyperopic cylinders, and is generally circular for myopia and hyperopia. The fit produces ablation depths for discrete scanning spots, which are used to calculate the number of pulses at each reference position along the two-dimensional section. The pulses are distributed along the treatment pattern to produce the desired overlapping effect.

Abstract: An image observation apparatus is constructed to project image information displayed on an image display device for displaying the image information, onto a retina of an observing eye by a display optical system, thereby permitting an observer to observe the image information, and to perform control to change a position of an incident beam onto the entrance pupil plane of the observing eye. The apparatus is arranged to detect the position of the observer's pupil and change the position of the incident beam onto the entrance pupil plane of the observing eye, based on the result of the detection.

Abstract: An autorefractor system in an ultra-compact package is described for rapidly and objectively measuring the refractive state of the eye. The autorefractor detector system, in conjunction with a secondary light source, uses one photodetector such as a charge coupled device (“CCD”) or one photodiode, to intercept a light beam at two distances from a secondary retinal light source created by one relay lens, one pupil emitter conjugate lens and one pupil detector conjugate lens. The signals produced by the photodetector are used to determine the full spherocylindrical refraction of the eye. A novel illumination and imaging system provides multiple capabilities to image the eye, control accommodation, and acquire and maintain optical alignment, while obtaining other measurements of the eye.

Abstract: A fixation apparatus is provided that limits rotation of the ocular globe of an eye, to facilitate alignment of an instrument with the axis of astigmatism of the eye. The apparatus includes fixation target means (12) for locating in the field of view of the eye so that the eye may fixate on the target. The fixation target means includes or consists of at least one elongate component (16). Also disclosed is a corresponding method, and method and apparatus for supplying visual feedback to an operator during refractive surgery of an eye of a patient.

Abstract: There is now provided a method for determining vision defects and for collecting data for correcting vision defects of the eye. The method comprises projecting an image into the eye of the patient with an adaptive optical system having adaptive optical elements. The optical characteristics of the optical elements can be individually changed by an electrical signal. The presence of distortions of the image as perceived by the patient is determined by interaction of the patient with the examiner. By way of an electronic control system the optical characteristics of the adaptive optical elements are changed through outputting of an electrical signal to obtain a modified image with minimized distortions in the eye of the patient. The optical characteristics of the adaptive optical elements, as modified, are determined and vision correcting data for the eye being examined are computed from the optical characteristics of the adaptive optical elements, as modified.

Abstract: An optical instrument comprising an eye refractive power measurement index optical system (50) for projecting an eye refractive power index in order to measure the refractive power of an eye (E) to be examined, a fixed index projecting optical system (10) for fixing/fogging the eye (E), an observation optical system (40) for observing the eye (E), a light receiving optical system (60), a ring plate (30) and an infrared LED (34) for projecting a cornea shape index used to measure the cornea shape of the eye (E), a ring plate (80) and an infrared LED (84) for projecting light to the center of the cornea via an objective lens (22), and an alignment index projecting optical system (70), whereby it is possible to project part of the cornea shape index onto the cornea (Ec) of the eye to be examined via the objective lens (22) of the observation optical system (40) for observation.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic instrument for estimating aberrations in the eyes of a patient and providing the patient with a view of optical correction of the aberrations so as to provide instant feedback as to the accuracy of the estimated aberrations. The ophthalmic instrument comprises an adaptive optic subsystem for sensing and correcting estimated aberrations in a patient's eye, and a fixation target providing a view of correction of the estimated aberrations. The adaptive optics subsystem includes a wavefront sensor and a multi-stage phase compensator. The multi-stage phase compensator includes a first stage for compensating for a defocus component of the estimated aberrations, and at least one other additional stage for compensating other higher order components of estimated aberrations. Preferably, the first stage comprises a variable focus lens for defocus correction, and the additional stage(s) comprises a deformable mirror for correction of higher order aberrations estimated in the eye.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for improving vision and the resolution of retinal images is described in which a point source produced on the retina of a living eye by a laser beam is reflected from the retina and received at a lenslet array of a Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor such that each of the lenslets in the lenslet array forms an aerial image of the retinal point source on a CCD camera located adjacent to the lenslet array. The output signal from the CCD camera is acquired by a computer which processes the signal and produces a correction signal which may be used to control a compensating optical or wavefront compensation device such as a deformable mirror. It may also be used to fabricate a contact lens or intraocular lens, or to guide a surgical procedure to correct the aberrations of the eye. Any of these methods could correct aberrations beyond defocus and astigmatism, allowing improved vision and improved imaging of the inside of the eye.

Abstract: There is disclosed aberration measuring method of a projection optical system comprising collectively irradiating the finite region of the photomask in which a diffraction grating is formed with the illuminating light emitted from secondary light source having point sources, projecting 0th-order and 1st-order diffracted lights to first and second measurement planes conjugated with the secondary light source by using a projection optical system, respectively, the 0th-order and 1st-order diffracted lights being passed through the photomask, measuring a relation of projected positions in the first and second measurement planes between the 0th-order diffracted light and 1st-order diffracted light of the light emitted from one arbitrary point source, respectively, obtaining lay aberration concerning the light emitted from the point source on the basis of the obtained two relations of projected positions.

Abstract: An eye's optical characteristic measuring system comprises an aperture diaphragm 14 arranged at a position approximately conjugate to a pupil of an eye 1 under testing and for determining regions to pass a light beam on the pupil 18, a projection optical system 2 for projecting a primary index image on a fundus of the eye under testing via the aperture diaphragm, a photodetection optical system 3 for forming a secondary index image on a photoelectric detector 21 via the aperture diaphragm by a reflected light beam from the fundus of the eye under testing, and detecting units 26, 27 and 28 for detecting a light amount intensity distribution of the secondary index image based on a signal from the photoelectric detector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device used for the photorefractive keratectomy of the eye, especially LASIK, uses an UV laser beam for ablating parts of the cornea. A centering light beam is arranged coaxially with respect to the fixing light beam and has a wavelength different from that of the fixing light beam. The device is provided with devices for measuring and evaluating the position of the scattered light/Fresnel reflection of the centering light beam on the front face of the cornea. The point in which the centering light beam passes through the front face of the cornea is used as the center of ablation.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates an ophthalmic adaptive-optics instrument to obtain patient-verified prescription of low and high-order aberrations. The present invention further contemplates a new and improved method and apparatus of customized corneal ablation using a patient-verified prescription of low and high-order aberrations. The patient-verified prescription of high-order aberrations characterizes the aberration correction needed for optimal visual acuity and enables customized corneal ablation to achieve optimal visual acuity for each individual patient.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for electronically performing a visual field test for a patient. A visual field test pattern is displayed to the patient on an electronic display device and the patient's responses to the visual field test pattern are recorded. A visual field representation is generated from the patient's responses. The visual field representation is then used as an input into a variety of automated diagnostic processes. In one process, the visual field representation is used to generate a statistical description of the rapidity of change of a patient's visual field at the boundary of a visual field defect. In another process, the area of a visual field defect is calculated using the visual field representation. In another process, the visual field representation is used to generate a statistical description of the volume of a patient's visual field defect.

Abstract: A device for the medical treatment of the eye with laser radiation uses auxiliary radiation for determining the eye position. With the aid of the auxiliary radiation, pictures are taken by means of a solid state image camera for determining eye movements and for causing the laser treatment radiation to follow accordingly. Infrared radiation sources, which are arranged in a triangle above the eye to be treated, are used for the auxiliary radiation.

Abstract: Proposed are an ophthalmologic device and an ophthalmologic measuring method in which, by means of a light projector, a beam of rays, for example a light slit, is projected through a cross-sectional portion of an eye, in particular through a cross-sectional portion of the cornea of the eye. A cross-sectional image of at least one sub-area of the cross-sectional portion illuminated by the light projector is captured by image-capturing means which are disposed in Scheimpflug configuration with respect to the beam of rays. A view image of the eye, comprising an image of the cross-sectional portion illuminated by the first light projector, is captured by further image-capturing means and is stored assigned to the captured cross-sectional image. The relative position of the stored cross-sectional image to the eye is determined on the basis of the stored assigned view image, and the stored cross-sectional image is positioned relative to previously stored cross-sectional images of the eye.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic image display apparatus (10) that adapts to sensed feedback data about an observer (12) in order to conform its operation to adapt to the position and intraocular dimensions of the observer. The apparatus (10) uses ball lens projection optics to provide wide field-of-view pupil imaging, providing separate left- and right-eye images to the left and right eye pupils (14l,14r) of the observer (12), respectively. The apparatus (10) compensates for positional variables such as variable interocular distance and variable observer distance from projection optics. At least one observer feedback sensor (52) is disposed to provide feedback data about the observer (12). The feedback data can be used by a control logic processor (50) that, based on the data, adjusts left- and right viewing pupil forming apparatus (36l,36r). The control logic processor (50), based on sensed feedback data, may also vary image content or provide other stimuli such as smell, movement, and sound.

Abstract: A display device 1 for projecting images of an imaging plate 9 into a retina 14 of an eye 7 of a viewer 2 has a light source 8, a scattering plate 9 for scattering the light from the light source, an imaging plate 10 for transmitting the light scattered by the scattering plate, and an optical unit with a lens 11 for focusing the light transmitted through the imaging plate into an eye of the viewer, wherein the scattering plate is positioned so that it can move between the light source and the imaging plate.

Abstract: A closed-loop control system for the intrastromal photoablation of tissue includes an active mirror for individually directing the component beams of a diagnostic laser beam to a focal point on the retina of an eye. The reflected beam is analyzed to identify a distorted wavefront indicative of required corneal corrections, and an induced wavefront indicative of optical aberrations introduced by bubbles formed during tissue ablation. A comparator alters the induced wavefront with a desired wavefront to create a rectified wavefront, and a comparator compares the rectified wavefront with the distorted wavefront to create error signals. The error signals are then used to operate the active mirror and to control an ablation laser until the absence of error signals indicate the required stromal tissue has been photoablated.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention is a visual field tester that includes: (a) a projection screen; (b) a stimulus projection system that projects a light stimulus onto a first side of the projection screen; and (c) a background projection system that projects background light onto the first side of the projection screen; wherein the stimulus projection system includes: (i) a first rotatable disk having an aperture; (ii) a second rotatable disk disposed in the aperture; and (iii) a stimulus radiation projector that includes a stimulus radiation source and a radiation projection lens system that are configured to project the stimulus from the second disk onto the first side of the projection screen.

Abstract: There is now provided a method for determining vision defects and for collecting data for correcting vision defects of the eye. The method comprises projecting an image into the eye of the patient with an adaptive optical system having adaptive optical elements. The optical characteristics of the optical elements can be individually changed by an electrical signal. The presence of distortions of the image as perceived by the patient is determined by interaction of the patient with the examiner. By way of an electronic control system the optical characteristics of the adaptive optical elements are changed through outputting of an electrical signal to obtain a modified image with minimized distortions in the eye of the patient. The optical characteristics of the adaptive optical elements, as modified, are determined and vision correcting data for the eye being examined are computed from the optical characteristics of the adaptive optical elements, as modified.

Abstract: Measurement of wave abberations of eye is performed by probing the eye with a narrow beam of laser radiation and measuring the wave front tilts in subapertures of radiation, exiting back from the eye, by of a Hartman-Shack sensor. In the process of measurements, dosed tilts are introduced into the wave, repeated several times with varied tilts of the beam as a whole during each subsequent measurement, and the reconstruction of the wave front is performed in accordance with the data obtained in all angular positions of the beam. The device for measurement includes a probing channel, a measuring channel and a channel of positioning. For controlling the wave front, a unit of dosed tilting of the wave front is introduced, based on the acousto-optic deflector, in the first embodiment—in the measuring channel, and in the second embodiment—in the probing channel. A wider dynamic range of measured wave aberrations of the human eye is achieved.

Abstract: A refractive power measurement apparatus capable of measuring a refractive power of an optical system to be measured with a simple constitution at low cost. The refractive power measurement apparatus includes a projection optical system which projects measurement light onto an optical system to be measured, a photo-receiving optical system provided with a photodetector which photo-receives the measurement light from the optical system to be measured and a lens system which guides the measurement light onto the photodetector, a moving device for moving the lens system within a plane intersecting at right angles with an optical axis of the photo-receiving optical system so as to form a predetermined measurement pattern image on a photo-receiving surface of the photodetector, and a calculation device for calculating a refractive power of the optical system to be measured based on the measurement pattern image.

Abstract: A laser surgery apparatus is provided to minimize a burden on a patient and to obtain a good result of a surgical operation. The laser surgery apparatus for performing surgery on a patient's eye by irradiating a laser beam thereonto comprises an irradiation device provided with an irradiation optical system for irradiating the laser beam onto the patient's eye, a control device for controlling the irradiation device, and an informing device for informing the patient of at least either a first period of a laser irradiation period or a second period of the laser irradiation period or both.

Abstract: There is provided a video providing apparatus capable of giving clear video to a patient with an eye disease. The video providing apparatus comprises a parallel light source or a parallel light type LED as a light source. Video light obtained by passing light from the light source through a liquid crystal display panel is supplied to an ocular optical system (Maxwellian view). In this configuration, the ocular optical system comprises a lens and a pinhole. The lens is provided such that the rear focal point thereof is positioned in close proximity to the eyeball of a viewer (a patient with an eye disease). The pinhole is arranged at the rear focal point, thereby causing a viewer to view video by Maxwellian view.

Abstract: An improved ophthalmic instrument for in-vivo examination of a human eye including a wavefront sensor that estimates aberrations in reflections of the light formed as an image on the retina of the human eye and a phase compensator that spatially modulates the phase of incident light to compensate for the aberrations estimated by the wavefront sensor Optical elements create an image of a fixation target at the phase compensator, which produces a compensated image of the fixation target that compensates for aberrations estimated by the wavefront sensor. The compensated image of the fixation target produced by the phase compensator is recreated at the human eye to thereby provide the human eye with a view of compensation of the aberrations the human eye as estimated by the wavefront sensor. The phase compensator preferably comprises a variable focus lens that compensates for focusing errors and a deformable mirror that compensates for higher order aberrations.

Abstract: There is provided an ophthalmic characteristic measuring apparatus in which when a wavefront measurement is carried out, an adjustment of an exposure amount, such as an exposure time or a light amount of a light source, is carried out. A first light source section emits light flux with a first wavelength. A first illumination optical system illuminates a minute area on a retina of a subject eye with the first flux from the first light source. A first light receiving optical system guides a part of light flux reflected and returned from the retina of the subject eye to a first light receiving section through a first conversion member for converting the reflected light flux into at least 17 beams. A second light source section emits light flux with a second wavelength. A second illumination optical system illuminates a predetermined area on the retina of the subject eye with the second light flux from the second light source section.

Abstract: An automated, objective method for determining the accommodative range and aberration profile of an eye using a wavefront sensor that iteratively determines the change in accommodation of the lens of an eye.