Abstract: A psychophysical method, system, and apparatuses to characterize visual symptoms. A method may include presenting one or more stimuli to a patient indicating one or more visual symptoms. The patient may produce one or more responses to the stimuli. A determination of a measure of visual symptoms of the patient may be made utilizing a Bayesian method based on the responses.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of processing an image, which relates to a field of display, in particular to a color image display technology. A specific implementation solution includes: acquiring an original image; performing a first halftone processing on the original image, so as to obtain a first image; and resizing the original image to obtain a resized image and performing a second halftone processing, in response to detecting a scaling operation on the first image, so as to obtain a second image. The present disclosure further provides an apparatus of processing an image, an electronic device, and a computer readable storage medium.

Abstract: Face protection equipment that comprises an eye imaging module for measuring an eye component (such as a retina, sclera, cornea, iris, limbus, pupil, or eyelid), can be used to measure an ocular parameter (such as saccades, vergence, smooth pursuit, gaze, eye fixation, pupil size, or eyeblinks). This ocular parameter measurement can then be used to assess human health, such as a traumatic brain injury. It can also be used to develop and implement ocular training protocols on a user-viewable display, and to assess the effects of a pharmacologic intervention.

Abstract: A system and method for home testing of patient focal length, and detecting for the presence or changes in myopic conditions utilizing a multi-colored testing screen. Utilizing the varied refractive properties of each wavelength of light (colors), changes in myopia and focal length can be monitored in each of the separate colors. Baseline visual acuity is determined, and the testing occurs with relevant-sized optotypes. Optotypes are displayed in red, white, and green, simultaneously on a display screen set at four meters distance. Games and acuity tests are conducted to determine the focal acuity at each of the wavelengths. Results are recorded and used for future diagnosis and treatment.

Abstract: An adaptive calibration method in a brain-computer interface is disclosed. The method is used to reliably associate a neural signal to an object whose attendance by a user elicited that neural signal. A visual stimulus overlaying one or more objects is provided, at least a portion of the visual stimulus having a characteristic modulation. The brain computer interface measures neural response to objects viewed by a user. The neural response to the visual stimulus is correlated to the modulation, the correlation being stronger when attention is concentrated upon the visual stimulus. Weights are applied to the resulting model of neural responses for the user based on the determined correlations. Both neural signal model weighting and displayed object display modulation are adapted so as to improve the certainty of the association of neural signals with the objects that evoked those signals.

Abstract: A method of evaluating a vision of a subject including: causing a display to define a first display portion and a second display portion; causing the display to emit, from the first display portion, light having a first wavelength value and to emit, from the second display portion, light having a second wavelength value; causing the display to present, on the first display portion, one or more first optotypes and to present, on the second display portion, one or more second optotypes; varying with time the second wavelength value within a predefined wavelengths range; obtaining an indication concerning a subject's perception of the one or more second optotypes as compared to a subject's perception of the one or more first optotypes; and determining a vision disorder of the subject based on the second wavelength value for which the indication has been obtained.

Abstract: An adaptive calibration method in a brain-computer interface is disclosed. The method is used to reliably associate a neural signal to an object whose attendance by a user elicited that neural signal. A visual stimulus overlaying one or more objects is provided, at least a portion of the visual stimulus having a characteristic modulation. The brain computer interface measures neural response to objects viewed by a user. The neural response to the visual stimulus is correlated to the modulation, the correlation being stronger when attention is concentrated upon the visual stimulus. Weights are applied to the resulting model of neural responses for the user based on the determined correlations. Both neural signal model weighting and displayed object display modulation are adapted so as to improve the certainty of the association of neural signals with the objects that evoked those signals.

Abstract: A system and/or method for diagnosing a neurologic condition. The system comprises a wearable head orientation sensor, a wearable eye imaging module, and a display with a visual target. The head orientation sensor is responsive to pitch or yaw head orientation information. The eye imaging module is configured for imaging a characteristic of the retina, sclera, cornea, limbus, or pupil to determine an eye position or eye movement. An electronic circuit in the system determines an ocular parameter measurement in response to the head orientation sensor and the eye imaging module. The neurologic condition is diagnosed in response to the ocular parameter measurement.

Abstract: A system includes a base, and an emitter including a light source operable to generate a beam of visible radiation. The beam of radiation impinges a substantially horizontal support surface at a location approximately three meters from the emitter when the base is disposed on the support surface and the emitter is supported by the base. The system also includes a vision screening device supported by the base, the vision screening device having a first display, and a second display opposite the first display and facing the location. The system further includes a controller operable to cause the second display to output an image included in a visual acuity examination based at least in part on generation of the visible beam.

Abstract: A vision inspection and correction method, which uses an image adjustment software/device to separate the eyes of the inspected person on an independent display screen, and the visual mark seen by the same vision is designed to be misaligned; through the guidance and interaction of the inspector and the inspected person, the inspector can adjust the image operation to zoom in or out, shift, focus, diverge, and rotate, etc., so that the inspected person's binocular images can be clearly distinguished and adjusted. Then, the binocular images are aligned, and the inspector will implant the correction parameters during the image adjustment process into 3D projectors, VR (virtual reality), AR (augmented reality device), MR hybrid reality device and other equipment to adjust the binocular digital image parameters, so users have, or can provide to a lens maker, personalized adjustment for comfortable images of both eyes.

Abstract: A system for administering a subjective refraction test on a patient includes a phoropter having a plurality of lenses, a display device, and a computing device coupled to the phoropter and the display device. The computing device is configured to generate a script corresponding to a first set of conditions for a first sub-test of the plurality of sub-tests, receive an input indicative of the patient's vision under the first set of conditions, determine an endpoint for the first sub-test of the plurality of sub-tests based on the input, communicate a signal to the phoropter and the display device causing the patient to be presented with a second set of conditions in response to the input, generate and display an updated script corresponding to the second set of conditions, wherein the updated script provides a prompt for updated patient feedback under the second set of conditions.

Abstract: A method of identifying individuals impaired by a psychoactive substance such as cannabis. The method includes presenting monocularly to a subject being tested; to each eye separately, a sinusoidal grating pattern of fixed spatial frequency with achromatic contrast or color contrast between grating stripes being temporally alternately modulated at a temporal frequency that ranges between 10 Hz and 60 Hz with a pattern of the contrast being such that the subject being tested can see a frequency doubling in the grating pattern.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of early-stage detection of glaucoma and other optic nerve or retinal diseases employs dynamic images that are processed differently by Y-like cells and X-like cells to provide a sensitive detection of early Y-like cell impairment which provides early indications of glaucoma isolated from non-specific information from X-like cells.

Abstract: A system, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for providing a visual examination are provided. A diagnostic module configured to execute on a first computing device communicatively coupled to a head mounted holographic display device worn by a user renders a virtual arrangement displayed within the head mounted holographic display device at an initial simulated distance away from the user. Within the virtual arrangement is an imbedded pattern. A second computing device receives, from leads attached to the user, brain waves of the user. The second computing device displays a visual evoked potential within the brain waves. The visual evoked potential comprises an indication that the user visually identified the imbedded pattern at a second simulated distance away from the user. The visual evoked potential occurs at a focal length of a refractive error of an eye of the user.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for determining color ambiguity of images or videos. A system includes a color ambiguity score generator, which analyzes an image and determines a color ambiguity score that quantitively indicates a level of color ambiguity that the image is estimated to cause when viewed by a user having color vision deficiency. A local color ambiguity score is generated to quantitively indicate a level of local color ambiguity between (i) an in-image object and (ii) an in-image foreground of that in-image object. A global color ambiguity score is generated to quantitively indicate a level of global color ambiguity between (I) a first in-image object within the image and (II) a second in-image object within that image. The color ambiguity score generator generates the color ambiguity score by utilizing a formula that uses both (A) the local color ambiguity score and (B) the global color ambiguity score.

Abstract: A system for controlling at least one focus aspect of adaptive spectacles (10) having at least one electrically-tunable lens (22), the system including a housing (14), which is physically separate from adaptive spectacles (10), a display screen (16) mounted in housing (14), a sensor (19) mounted in housing (14) and configured to detect a relative position of adaptive spectacles (10) with respect to display screen (16), an interface (17) configured to communicate with adaptive spectacles (10), and a controller (15) configured to receive an input signal from sensor (19), the input signal being indicative of the relative position of adaptive spectacles (10) with respect to display screen (16) and output, in response to the input signal, a command signal for sending to adaptive spectacles (10) via interface (17) to adjust the at least one focus aspect of the at least one electrically-tunable lens (22).

Abstract: A system and/or method for determining human health uses a head-worn apparatus that comprises a head orientation sensor, an eye imaging device, and an electronic circuit. The head orientation sensor is configured for generating an electrical head orientation signal in response to head pitch or head yaw. The eye imaging device is configured for observing an eye feature from the sclera, cornea, iris, or pupil, and generates an eye electrical signal in response to eye position, horizontal eye movement, vertical eye movement, pupil size or eyeblinks at a plurality of times. The electronic circuit is configured for generating an ocular parameter measurement such as saccades, vestibulo-ocular reflex, vestibulo-ocular reflex cancellation, vergence, smooth pursuit, nystagmus, dynamic visual acuity, pupil size, and/or eyeblinks from the head and eye electrical signals.

Abstract: Consumer products such as refraction measurement devices may be used for obtaining refraction measurements allow consumers to track their vision without visiting an optometrist or ophthalmologist. Such consumer products may work in concert with smart phones or other products having a touch screen that present images to refraction measurement devices. Smart phones may have resolution rates, sometimes measured as PPI or pixels per inch that are unknown to the user and/or refraction measurement device. One aspect of the invention is to provide an optical interface for the user to manually match the view port boundary of the smartphone to comport with the view port boundary of the refraction measurement device. Another aspect of the invention is the use of pre-distortion in images presented to the user. By noting the corrective movements exerted by the user upon the refractive measurement device, the user's own refractive error can be derived.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a program causing a computer to function as: a display control unit configured to display a first game element possessed by a player in a first display mode, and display a first game element not possessed by the player in a second display mode different from the first display mode; and a transition unit configured to cause transition to a provision screen on which a procedure for providing the first game element is performed, when a predetermined operation is performed on the first game element displayed in the second display mode.

Abstract: A full depth ophthalmic surgical system includes a femtosecond laser source and an optical coherence tomographer. The system is capable of performing surgical procedures along the entire length of the eye from the cornea to the retina. The optical system of the ophthalmic surgical system is optimized to focus the laser beam and imaging light in the vitreous humor of the eye. In some embodiments, the illumination light source and the scanning mirrors are imaged by the system's objective lens and the patient interface lens to locations near the pupil, to increase the volume of the vitreous humor reachable by the illumination light and laser beam. For procedures performed posterior to the lens, a method for calibrating the full depth ophthalmic surgical system is also provided. The system can be used to perform treatment in the vitreous humor, including treating floaters and liquification of the vitreous humor.

Abstract: The visual function test device of an embodiment comprises a test subject display device and an operator display device. A target display portion displays a target image to be viewed by the test subject onto the test subject display device. A visual axis estimation portion estimates a visual axis of the test subject when the target image is viewed. A position display portion displays a display position of the test target image and a viewpoint position that corresponds to the estimated visual axis, onto the operator display device, and thus a tester can objectively recognize a gazing state of the test subject and surely perform the test, which enhances the reliability of the test.

Abstract: A heterogeneous visual acuity chart and a visual acuity testing method and device are provided. The heterogeneous visual acuity chart is a size illusion chart composed of a heterogeneous reference zone and at least two types of optotypes of different sizes, where the heterogeneous reference zone is used to cause incorrect identification on the different types of optotypes of different sizes. The visual acuity testing method and device determine whether a visual acuity of a subject is true based on a difference between visual acuities tested with the heterogeneous visual acuity chart and a standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. The visual acuity chart is a size illusion chart composed of optotypes of different sizes and a perspective, which causes an illusion on a visual depth to interfere with the identification of the optotypes of different sizes.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of selecting a sequence of images of a user's eye for an eye tracking application wherein each image is captured when a stationary stimulus point is displayed to the user, the method comprising: for a plurality of different pairs of the images: comparing the pair of images with each other to determine an image-score that represents a degree of difference between the compared images; and calculating a sequence-score based on the image-scores for the plurality of pairs of images.

Abstract: A vision measurement device includes an eyepiece with a lens; an outer tube connected to the eyepiece including a target having a predetermined pattern, the target being movable along an optical axis of the lens with respect to the outer tube; a diopter indicator with an indicating portion and a pointing portion; where during the movement of the target with respect to the outer tube along the optical axis of the lens, one of the indicator portion and the pointing portion moves along with the target with respect to the outer tube while the other of the indicator portion and the pointing portion does not move, and when an eye is capable of clearly seeing the predetermined pattern on the target through the eyepiece, the value of the scale indicated by the pointing portion corresponds to the diopter of the eye.

Abstract: A method for determining optical power of an optical lens to be placed in front of an eye of a person, the method including: a first distance determining during which a first gazing distance is determined, which is the distance between the eye of the person and a first visual stimulus when the person gazes at the first visual stimulus in a given gazing direction with a first level of attention: a second distance determining during which a second gazing distance is determined, which is the distance between the eye of the person and a second visual stimulus when the person gazes at the second visual stimulus in the given gazing direction with a second level of attention different from the first level of attention; and an optical power determining during which the optical power adapted for the person is determined based on the first and second gazing distances.

Abstract: In an ophthalmic examination system of one embodiment, an internal examiner terminal is used by an internal examiner in a facility where an ophthalmic examination apparatus is installed. An external examiner terminal is used by an external examiner outside the facility. A management apparatus includes a communication establishment unit, and an information transfer unit. The communication establishment unit is capable of establishing communication between at least two apparatuses selected from the ophthalmic examination apparatus, the internal examiner terminal, and the external examiner terminal. The information transfer unit is configured to transfer information sent from one of the at least two apparatuses whose communication has been established by the communication establishment unit. Each of the ophthalmic examination apparatus, the internal examiner terminal, and the external examiner terminal includes an output unit configured to output information transferred by the information transfer unit.

Abstract: A visual neuromodulation system includes a processor and a transition function determination module configured to determine a spatial frequency transition function corresponding to a spatial frequency based on user input. The user input includes: (i) a quantity of illusions perceived in response to viewing a spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency and (ii) a level of discomfort sensed in response to viewing the spatial frequency pattern associated with the spatial frequency. The system also includes a threshold determination module configured to determine a threshold spatial frequency based on the spatial frequency transition function. The system includes, in response to the threshold determination module determining the threshold spatial frequency, a control module that selects a display spatial frequency pattern from a set of spatial frequency patterns.

Abstract: A mask for performing an eye exam of a subject includes one or more optically transparent sections for transmitting an incident light beam therethrough and incident on the subject's eye. In some embodiments, the one or more optically transparent sections are coated with an anti-reflective coating configured to reduce reflection of the incident light beam by the one or more optically transparent sections. In some embodiments, the one or more optically transparent sections may have a portion thereof that is tilted with respect to the incident light beam when the mask is optically interfaced with the docking portion of an ophthalmic instrument, such that the incident light beam forms a finite angle of incidence with respect to the corresponding portion of the optically transparent sections.

Abstract: A client device is configured to administer unique, equivalent, computer mediated, task versions of a particular task type automatically generated by a task versioning system. Multiple task versions, each comprising of at one stimulus sequence, are generated by performing geometric, symmetric or temporal transformations on the spatiotemporal relationships between one or more stimuli in a task version. Previous user performance may be captured and analyzed to determine a next task version. Task versioning systems with the ability to automatically generate multiple unique, equivalent task versions allow for accurate measurement of neurological, cognitive, and motor skills, by ensuring that learning effects arising from repeated task administrations are eliminated.

Abstract: The method include: (a) displaying at least one dynamic target image of at least one sign over a display area; (b) receiving subjective feedback from the subject indicating that the subject is positioned at a maximum distance of best acuity (MDBA) from the target image, wherein the MDBA is the maximum distance in which the subject recognizes the sign; (c) measuring one or more parameter associated with distance, during the time the subject has reached the MDBA distance, using at least one sensor; (d) estimating the MDBA by estimating the distance between the eye of the subject and the display area in which the target image is displayed by using the sensor data and (e) calculating the refractive error of the eye according to the estimated MDBA and characteristics of the target image.

Abstract: A method for measuring visual field comprising a reference standardized symbol display operation in which a standardized test symbol is displayed at a reference location BP provided at a center of a display 2; a reference input operation in which a test subject is made to input the fact that the standardized test symbol displayed at the reference standardized symbol display operation has been recognized; a peripheral standardized symbol display operation in which, following input of the fact that the standardized test symbol was recognized at the reference input operation, a standardized test symbol is displayed at a location different from the reference location BP; and a peripheral input operation in which the test subject is made to input the fact that the standardized test symbol displayed at the peripheral standardized symbol display operation has been recognized; wherein a response time is measured from when the standardized test symbol is displayed at the peripheral standardized symbol display operatio

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an electronic device for compensating for a visual impairment. The electronic device comprises a display to display a graphical user interface to a user and an input port to receive a request for modifying the graphical user interface to compensate for a visual impairment of the user. The device further comprises a processor to modify the graphical user interface to compensate for a visual impairment of the user by replicating an optical effect of one or more optical lenses. A visually impaired user can operate the device because the processor modifies the interface to compensate for the visual impairment. Without the modification of the interface, it would be difficult for the user to operate the device because the visual impairment causes the interface to appear blurred.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for evaluating the vision of an individual under certain brightness conditions, using a screen displaying an image including a background and characters to be deciphered which appear on the background. The method includes the following steps: a step of regulating the brightness of the background of the image; and a step of regulating the brightness of the characters to be deciphered which appear on the image, the two steps being independent from each other so as to obtain the desired contrast between the background and the characters.

Abstract: A panel light-on apparatus, panel light-on testing system and panel light-on testing method are provided. Wherein, the panel light-on apparatus comprises a supporting member; a workbench provided on the supporting member to hold and secure a tested panel; and a display panel located at bottom of the workbench to provide a backlight to the tested panel and display a predetermined image, wherein the predetermined image is projected to the tested panel and overlapped with an image displayed by the tested panel. Through adding the display panel, not only a backlight for the tested panel, but also real-time displaying defect images are provided to assist in determining the cause of the defect; and the display range of the display panel can be adjusted in accordance with the sizes of different tested panels to achieve the purpose of light-proofing of other non-test panel areas on the workbench.

Abstract: A display control device includes an image creating unit, a display output unit, an update time measuring unit, and a blinking control unit. The blinking control unit determines a bright time and a dark time to be integral multiples of an update time so that a blinking frequency is within a tolerance frequency range. In a blinking control, the blinking control unit executes an on-display control to instruct the image creating unit to create a bright image for a number of times of a value obtained by dividing the bright time by the update time, and then executes an off-display control to instruct the image creating unit to create the dark image for a number of times of a value obtained by dividing the dark time by the update time, and repeats the on-display control and the off-display control until the blinking control ends.

Abstract: A method of identifying individuals impaired by a psychoactive substance such as cannabis. The method includes presenting monocularly to a subject being tested; to each eye separately, a sinusoidal grating pattern of fixed spatial frequency with achromatic contrast or color contrast between grating stripes being temporally alternately modulated at a temporal frequency that ranges between 10 Hz and 60 Hz with a pattern of the contrast being such that the subject being tested can see a frequency doubling in the grating pattern.

Abstract: An automated visual performance assessment system and method includes a Smart Phone or similar device having a display to facilitate the presentation of objects for vision performance assessment conducted at a variety of distances between the cell phone and the subject as measured by the device. The device obtains measurement of the distance from the device to the subject under test and adjusts the sizing of objects to be displayed on the display based on the protocol being implemented for the test and assessment. The objects to be displayed will be selected and size modified to present the displayed object of appropriate size for the measured distance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining a filter for an ophthalmic lens to be placed in front of the eye of the wearer, the filter being able to improve or maintain the visual comfort and/or the visual performances of the wearer. The determination method includes: a step of measuring a variable representative of sensitivity of the eye or both eyes of the wearer to a characteristic light flow, and a step of determining at least one optical characteristic of the filter according to the representative variable measured.

Abstract: Computer-implemented systems and methods create a user environment tailored to a user's computer abilities. A series of baseline tests are administered to new users for accumulating user metric data, and a database collects and stores the user metrics. Program logic is responsive to data from the data base, where the program logic is programmed to adapt the user environment to correspond to abilities measured through the baseline tests. The program logic is further programmed to adapt user interface controls to compensate for user dexterity abilities.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for providing video content while inhibiting the copying of that content for later viewing. Video images may be made difficult to copy for presentation at later times by the omission or addition of content developed in relation to the particular initial viewing. For instance, video information may be customized by omitting information that is not likely to be substantially perceived by the initial viewer but that is substantially likely to be perceived as missing by at least some other viewers.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optometry apparatus including: a base designed to receive corrective eyeglasses; at least one transmission element designed to cooperate with a member for regulating an optical correction characteristic of the eyeglasses; and at least one drive motor for driving the transmission element. Also disclosed is an assembly and to an associated system.

Abstract: In a method for providing optotypes for determining distance visual acuity, a test subject position is provided for a test subject and a display surface at a display position. An individual test distance between the test subject position and the display position is, for example, detected automatically. An individual target variable is determined for optotypes which are matched to the detected individual test distance according to a predetermined role. Digital optotype image data are provided which contain optotypes scaled to the individual target variable. The digital optotype image data are displayed on the display surface.

Abstract: A computer, a high resolution monitor and a patient interface is utilized to implement a visual contrast sensitivity function measurement test. More specifically, a computerized video system is configured to implement a tilted-grating forced choice contrast sensitivity function test. The invention utilizes known measurement methods for the visual contrast sensitivity function and automates their use by computerizing the system and couples it with a patient-interactive user interface in order to produce an accurate quantitative result.

Abstract: A portable visual acuity examination device comprises a mounting unit that can be mounted in front of eyes either using or not using eyeglasses, a visual target displaying unit that uses an organic EL display panel, a display controlling unit that changes the visual target displayed on the displaying unit, an inputting unit for visual target viewing results, and a transmitting unit for measurement results. The portable visual acuity examination device comprises an optical system that can change the distance at which the visual target virtual image is visible. The portable visual acuity examination device detects whether eyeglasses are used and matches an uncorrected vision acuity examination and a corrected vision acuity examination. The portable visual acuity examination device switches between a C-type visual target and an E-type visual target. With data display, both the right and left display units are enabled.

Abstract: A binocular optoelectronic apparatus for screening defects in the sight and for measuring the visual acuity of a user, includes a casing having a right-hand first aperture and a left-hand first aperture, which apertures are intended to be placed facing the right eye and the left eye of a user facing in a first gaze direction, respectively. This apparatus includes: a touchscreen placed so that a first zone of the touchscreen is located in the interior of the casing and a second zone of the touchscreen is accessible from the exterior of the casing; electronic elements suitable for displaying a plurality of optotypes on a first portion of the first zone; and an optical system configured to form a right-hand first image of the first portion of the first zone in the direction of the first right-hand aperture at a first vision distance along a first optical path.

Abstract: A method, a system, and an information handling system dynamically provide individualized dynamic digital display correction for users of an electronic device. An information handling system detects a login of a first user profile that is associated with a first user. The information handling system then determines whether the first user profile has an associated first vision profile. In response to the first user profile having an associated first vision profile, a vision correction value associated with the first user is identified. A first change in image characteristics that may be applied to a graphical user interface (GUI) in order to achieve the vision correction value is calculated and applied to one or more content displayed on the GUI.

Abstract: A visual acuity test method, apparatus and system that may be utilized as an automatic test of the visual acuity level of a test object, to reduce the problem of complex operation of the existing visual acuity test solution. The method is applied by an apparatus with a display screen, and comprises: displaying a test picture including at least one optotypes on a display screen, and determining an active optotype for visual acuity test from the optotypes of the test picture according to a preset rule. The method includes the steps of obtaining indicating information of the test object for the active optotype of the test picture; and determining the visual acuity level of the test object according to orientations represented by active optotypes of at least one test pictures and the indicating information of the visual acuity test object for the active optotypes of at least one test picture.

Abstract: A technology for achieving a reduction in size of an ophthalmic apparatus capable of performing a plurality of kinds of measurements performed before cataract surgery is provided. An ophthalmic apparatus is described that includes a refractive power measurement unit and an eyeball information measurement unit. The refractive power measurement unit is configured to project light from a light source onto a subject's eye and detect returning light thereof to determine refractive power of an ocular optical system of the subject's eye. The eyeball information measurement unit is configured to project light from the same light source onto the subject's eye and detect returning light thereof to determine eyeball information representing structure of the subject's eye.

Abstract: A worked surface of a workpiece is evaluated on the basis of how the surface is actually perceived by a person's (observer's) eyes (vision) or fingers (touch), and a work process whereby a workpiece is worked is changed on the basis of the evaluation.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a subject's attentional response to a stimulus. The method includes measuring microsaccadic eye movement dynamics of the subject, detecting whether a microsaccadic signature (a suppression in microsaccadic rate) is present in the measured microsaccadic eye movement relative to a time of the stimulus, and correlating the subject's attentional response to the stimulus based on the detection. The method further includes determining that the stimulus was sensed if the microsaccadic signature is present and determining that the stimulus was not sensed if the microsaccadic signature is absent.