Abstract: A display control device acquires the size of a picture added in advance to picture data and an optimum viewing distance corresponding to the picture. The display control device calculates a viewing distance, in which the relationship between the size of the picture and the optimum viewing distance is equal to the relationship between the display size and the viewing distance, as a recommended viewing distance based on the size of the picture, the optimum viewing distance, and the display size of the picture. Then, the display control device notifies the calculated recommended viewing distance to a user.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a video game to map macular visual acuity comprising a multiple choice test where the fixation point is ensured by brief simultaneous presentation of both a central and pericentral targets. The game may be implemented on a hardware platform including a video display, a user input device, and a video camera. The camera is used to monitor ambient light level and the distance between the device and the eyes of the test subject. The game serves as a macular acuity perimeter that produces a map of the acuity of an eye that may be compared with normative data. The type of acuity tested is preferably Vernier acuity, but resolution acuity can also be tested. The test results are transmitted to a health care professional by telecommunications means to facilitate the diagnosis or monitoring of age-related macular degeneration or other relevant eye diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a binocular visual simulator for correcting eyeball aberration by using adaptive optics to form a chart image on both eyes. The binocular visual simulator includes; a chart-projecting unit for producing a chart light; an adaptive optics element for changing the chart light in accordance with wavefront aberration measured for both eyes; a beam splitter for dividing the changed chart light into two chart lights; a left eye correction unit for changing the divided chart light in accordance with wavefront aberration of the left eye so that the chart light is focused on a retina of the left eye; and a right eye correction unit for changing the divided chart light in accordance with wavefront aberration of the right eye so that the chart light is focused on a retina of the right eye.

Abstract: The present invention contemplates a refraction system to integrate the objective and subjective measurement into a single instrument. The present invention also contemplates a refraction system with open-field and binocular viewing to overcome instrument myopia and to mimic viewing experience of a phoropter. The present invention further contemplates a refraction system employing a pair of optical trombones to eliminate the need of flipping plurality sets of trial lenses for defocus power correction.

Abstract: A system for determining a recommended magnification factor and/or a recommended range for magnification factors for a magnifier such as a loupe or an electronic magnifier to be used by a person wherein the system comprises at least one test object having a predetermined size and a portable camera for recording an image of at least a portion of the at least one test object and displaying at least a portion of the image of the at least one test object to the person, wherein the camera is provided with a light sensitive sensor for obtaining an image of at least a portion of the at least one test object, a display and processing means for processing the image obtained by means of the sensor and for displaying at least a portion of the image of the at least one test object on the display, in possible a magnified form, wherein the camera is provided with means for selecting the magnification of the at least one portion of the image which is displayed on the display and wherein the camera is arranged to calculate t

Abstract: A system and method of testing vision performance includes displaying a visual recognition test to a subject and receiving from the subject a response to the visual recognition test. After receiving the response to the visual recognition test, a subsequent visual recognition test is selected based on the response received from the subject, the subsequent visual recognition test is displayed, and a response is received from the subject. The subsequent visual recognition tests are repeated until a predetermined criterion is reached. A vision performance score is determined based on the visual recognition tests displayed and the set of responses received from the subject and output from the system.

Abstract: A viewing target for a visual acuity and refraction measurement includes at least one line comprising a width dimension that is below a resolution limit width (hereinafter “RLW”) of a test subject visual acuity, and an adjustable length dimension that is initially set at greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. A base, at least approximately intersecting the line, has a thickness along the direction of the length of the line that is greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. The length dimension of the line is adjustable in increments small enough to effectively approximate the visual acuity of the test subject by determining a shortest resolvable line and a next smaller line that is not resolvable by the test subject.

Abstract: My invention is an automated self-testing method utilizing binary choice, which is applicable to monocular and binocular eye tests and can be administered on computer, cellular phones, and other electronic devices. Binary choice of match or no match, yes or no, present or absence provides simple means of automated testing by stepwise progression through staircase algorisms. Necessary devices have been introduced in order to fully utilize the power of binary choice self testing, such as, (1) printed display overlays for testing fine visual acuity at near, (2) bright illuminator of printed overlays to allow automated potential vision testing, (3) the use of complementary color lenses and color test isopters for binocular perimetry.

Abstract: Aspects are disclosed for determining refractive error. In an aspect, a line pattern is displayed to a user, and a distance between the line pattern and the user is ascertained. The line pattern includes a first and second line in which an aspect of the line pattern is varied, and where refractive error is quantified based on the distance and a selected variance of the line pattern. In another aspect, the varied aspect of the line is at least one of a width between the first and second line, a thickness of the first or second line, a darkness of the first line or the second line, or a color of the first line or the second line. An input corresponding to a focused line pattern variance selected by the user is then received, and a refractive error is quantified based on the input and an approximate distance between the line pattern and the user.

Abstract: Examples that increase accessibility of color vision impaired users to information on a display are provided herein. A plurality of graphical elements using a first color palette are presented. A user input indicating that the user has a color vision impairment is received. The color vision impairment can be, for example, deuteranopia, protanopia, or tritanopia. At least some of the plurality of graphical elements can be presented using a second color palette designed for users with the color vision impairment. The user input indicating that the user has a color vision impairment can be received in response to presenting a color vision impairment test to the user.

Abstract: A refraction device determines a refraction end point to provide corrective optics for a test subject. The device includes an adjustable optical system providing corrective optics to the test subject and an adjustable viewing target disposed along an optical path such as to be viewable through the adjustable optical system by a test subject. The adjustable viewing target includes a directional indicator linked synchronously to at least two choices of corrective optics presented to the test subject.

Abstract: A viewing target for a visual acuity and refraction measurement includes at least one line comprising a width dimension that is below a resolution limit width (hereinafter “RLW”) of a test subject visual acuity, and an adjustable length dimension that is initially set at greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. A base, at least approximately intersecting the line, has a thickness along the direction of the length of the line that is greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. The length dimension of the line is adjustable in increments small enough to effectively approximate the visual acuity of the test subject by determining a shortest resolvable line and a next smaller line that is not resolvable by the test subject.

Abstract: A vision testing method and apparatus are disclosed, the method including generating an image, modulating the wavefront of the image remote from the patient, relaying the modulated wavefront to a plane nearby, on, or within the patient's eye, varying the modulation of the wavefront based upon patient or operator response, and conveying the value of the wavefront modulation to the operator. The apparatus includes devices for generating an image, modulating the wavefront of the image that is physically remote from the patient, optically relaying the modulated wavefront of the image to a plane nearby, on, or within a patient's eye, varying the modulation of the wavefront of the image based upon patient or operator response, and conveying the value of the continuously modulated wavefront to the operator.

Abstract: A method of testing visual performance includes determining a difficulty rating for each of a plurality of visual recognition tests. The method further includes displaying one of the visual recognition tests to a subject and receiving from the subject a response to the visual recognition test. After receiving the response to the visual recognition test, a subsequent visual recognition test is selected to have a difficulty rating determined based on the response received from the subject, the subsequent visual recognition test is displayed, and a response is received from the subject. The subsequent visual recognition tests are repeated until a predetermined number of responses is reached. A visual performance score is determined based on the set of responses received from the subject and the difficulty ratings for the visual recognition tests displayed to the subject is then output.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and kit for testing visual acuity in a subject. The examiner displays a test thread at a set distance in front of the subject's face, and then determines whether the subject grabs or looks at the test thread. These steps are repeated using subsequent threads of varying thickness. The smallest thread to which the subject responds is charted as their best VA in standard notation. The visual acuity of a young child can be quantified using standard adult Snellen acuity levels. The device can be used worldwide, as it transcends language barriers, and in a variety of practice settings, including pediatric ophthalmologist offices, general ophthalmologist offices, optometric offices, pediatricians and family doctors who see young children or persons unable to read a conventional Snellen chart and/or verbalize their responses.

Abstract: System and methods for testing and/or training a subject's visual ability are provided. More specifically, the method may include testing various aspects of the subject's visual acuity, such as clarity, contrast, tracking, etc. By using various tests, a more efficient examination may be administered. In accordance with the invention, an individual may be tested using methods of testing and/or training at a unitary center, where the unitary center is capable of presenting visual tests to the individual, receiving input from the individual, and processing the received input. Such a unitary test center may further be configurable, so that the tests administered may vary based on the needs of the individual. The received input may then, for example, be used to compute data related to the user's visual acuity, both overall and for each individual test.

Abstract: An eye tracking method for determining a position of an eye or a part of an eye in an image of an image sequence by performing a comparison between said image and a reference image, said process including: aligning a set of images; computing an enhanced reference image based on a combination of said set of aligned images; and determining said position in said image of said image sequence by comparing said image of said image sequence and said enhanced reference image to yield a motion estimation between said reference image and said image of said sequence.

Abstract: This invention relates to a flicker threshold measurement device including: an arithmetic processing unit 1; a display unit 8 with a fixed refresh rate; and an operation unit 9, wherein: the arithmetic processing unit 1 displays an image on the display unit 8 in an ON/OFF manner; the arithmetic processing unit 1 changes the display timing by monotonously increasing or decreasing the number of OFF periods per second; the arithmetic processing unit 1 monotonously increases or decreases at least one of: the number of OFF pixels in the image, the size of the image, and the contrast of the OFF pixels, during a period in which the display timing is not changed; each of the OFF periods is a reciprocal of the refresh rate; and the arithmetic processing unit 1 determines the number of OFF periods when a test subject 10 operates the operation unit 9 as he/she starts or stops perceiving flicker, as information corresponding to a flicker threshold.

Abstract: An optometric apparatus includes an optotype presenting optical system for presenting part of a plurality of optotypes corresponding to visual acuity to be measured to an examinee's eye and a visible light source for irradiating illumination light to the optotypes presented to the eye through the optotype presenting optical system. A controller is configured to execute processing of changing a light amount of the illumination light to be irradiated to the optotypes from the visible light source between a predetermined first light amount and a second light amount lower than the first light amount and processing of switching the optotypes to be presented to the eye at the time of changing the light amount of the illumination light from the first light amount to the second light amount.

Abstract: A device (10) for determining a group of at least one vision aid apparatus suitable for the vision of an individual, includes computing elements programmed to: a) determine at least one characteristic of the vision of the individual, b) determine at least one use of the group of at least one vision aid apparatus, desired by the individual, c) determine the group of at least one vision aid apparatus as a function of the characteristic of the vision and of the use desired by the individual.

Abstract: A vision testing method and apparatus are disclosed, the method including measuring the modulation to a wavefront of light that is imparted by an intra-ocular lens, determining the wavefront modulation necessary to emulate the optical properties of the IOL after it replaces the crystalline lens in a patient's eye, generating a static or dynamic image viewable by a patient, modulating the wavefront of the image remote from the patient to attain the wavefront that necessary to emulate the optical properties of the IOL after it is implanted, and relaying said wavefront to a plane nearby, on, or within the patient's eye.

Abstract: In exemplary implementations, this invention is a tool for subjective assessment of the visual acuity of a human eye. A microlens or pinhole array is placed over a high-resolution display. The eye is brought very near to the device. Patterns are displayed on the screen under some of the lenslets or pinholes. Using interactive software, a user causes the patterns that the eye sees to appear to be aligned. The software allows the user to move the apparent position of the patterns. This apparent motion is achieved by pre-warping the position and angle of the ray-bundles exiting the lenslet display. As the user aligns the apparent position of the patterns, the amount of pre-warping varies. The amount of pre-warping required in order for the user to see what appears to be a single, aligned pattern indicates the lens aberration of the eye.

Abstract: A vision testing device includes a partition defining a first side and a second side and an electronic device operable to project a first image to the first side and a second image to the second side. The first image and the second image comprise computer-generated images, and the first image is identical to but offset from the second image. A mirror extends from the first side to the second side and is positioned to reflect the first image and the second image. A first viewing lens is in optical communication with the first side and configured to receive the first image reflected from the mirror. A second viewing lens is in optical communication with the second side and configured to receive the second image reflected from the mirror.

Abstract: A system and associated methods for animated image vision testing is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, a vision test includes at least one animated dynamic optotype image for measuring the visual acuity of a subject. The animated image vision test takes advantage of the ability of the human eyes to detect both distance and motion. Moving images, such as rotating segmented circles, let the eyes detect motion as to the size, distance, and rotation direction of that moving image. That motion detection is much more precise than the interpretation of multiple static letters or static images. Using rotating images for vision testing rather than static images creates an acuity test more accurate than current tests, a test that is faster to use, and a test that does not require the ability to read.

Abstract: An eyeglasses-wearing simulation method comprising: a step of creating a pair of left and right original images for enabling a patient to perform stereoscopic viewing by utilizing binocular parallax, based on virtual scene data constituted by virtual objects placed in visual field spaces of the left and right eyes; a step of calculating distortion and blur of a right eye eyeglass lens and adding the distortion and blur to the right eye original image, and calculating distortion and blur of a left eye eyeglass lens and adding the distortion and blur to the left eye original image; and a step of stereoscopically displaying the processed images viewed through the pair of left and right eyeglass lenses on a screen, wherein a value of the blur is calculated by setting a same amount of accommodation to the left and right eyes in regard to all of object points.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing improved techniques for evaluating performance of intraocular lenses. Such techniques can be used to evaluate lens designs and can help reduce the need for multiple clinical trials that may otherwise be needed to evaluate multiple design iterations. In one embodiment, a method is provided for method for evaluating performance of an intraocular lens, where the method comprises capturing a plurality of images through the intraocular lens at different focus positions; displaying at least one selected image from the plurality of images to a test subject; receiving input from the test subject indicative of perceived acuity of the at least one selected image; and determining a measure of intraocular lens performance from the received input.

Abstract: A visual function testing device includes: a visual target image presentation unit that presents a visual target image; a visual target image rendering unit that renders the visual target image to be presented on the visual target image presentation unit; a visual function test item selection unit that selects a visual function test item; a visual target image generation unit that generates a visual target image corresponding to the test item selected by the visual function test item selection unit; a viewpoint distance input unit that inputs a distance between the visual target image presentation unit and a viewpoint of an observer; and a visual angle input unit that inputs an angle to be made by the visual target image and the viewpoint of the observer. Based on the viewpoint distance and the visual angle, a display size and display position of a visual target image are calculated.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for correcting vision in macular degeneration patients. Following a diagnostic procedure which has been successfully tested to determine the factors needed to correct the vision of a patient with macular degeneration, the present invention describes a prototype correcting procedure and device using a computer program and display device. Through manipulation of a grid and quantitative analysis of the manipulations, the extent and correction factors needed to correct the vision of a macular degeneration patient are discussed.

Abstract: A binocular vision apparatus allows a patient to view objects through the apparatus with polychromatic light and monochromatic aberration correction, such that the chromatic aberration of the eye can be combined with the monochromatic aberration correction, so as to provide a more accurate determination of vision quality. The binocular vision apparatus provides left and right viewing optics that can substantially maintain the line of sight of each eye, such that objects can be viewed in a room with 3D depth perception corresponding to the distance of the object from the patient. As both near and far objects can be viewed with binocular aberration correction, the patient can alternate binocular viewing between near and far vision with chromatic aberration so as to evaluate a proposed treatment such as a presbyopia correction.

Abstract: Novel vision monitoring and diagnostic testing tools and help-seeking enablers that may be used individually or in combination as vision monitoring and diagnostic testing systems that improve patients' ability to recognize onset and progression of visual changes over time, so that the identification of acute or chronic visual conditions may be improved and accelerated, which drives earlier help-seeking behavior by the patient, which enables earlier clinical diagnosis by an eye care specialist and therefore earlier treatment and therefore reduced likelihood of severe vision loss.

Abstract: A viewing target for a visual acuity and refraction measurement includes at least one line comprising a width dimension that is below a resolution limit width (hereinafter “RLW”) of a test subject visual acuity, and an adjustable length dimension that is initially set at greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. A base, at least approximately intersecting the line, has a thickness along the direction of the length of the line that is greater than the RLW of the test subject visual acuity. The length dimension of the line is adjustable in increments small enough to effectively approximate the visual acuity of the test subject by determining a shortest resolvable line and a next smaller line that is not resolvable by the test subject.

Abstract: A refraction device determines a refraction end point to provide corrective optics for a test subject. The device includes an adjustable optical system providing corrective optics to the test subject and an adjustable viewing target disposed along an optical path such as to be viewable through the adjustable optical system by a test subject. The adjustable viewing target includes a directional indicator linked synchronously to at least two choices of corrective optics presented to the test subject.

Abstract: A method of testing visual performance includes determining a difficulty rating for each of a plurality of visual recognition tests. The method further includes displaying one of the visual recognition tests to a subject and receiving from the subject a response to the visual recognition test. After receiving the response to the visual recognition test, a subsequent visual recognition test is selected to have a difficulty rating determined based on the response received from the subject, the subsequent visual recognition test is displayed, and a response is received from the subject. The subsequent visual recognition tests are repeated until a predetermined number of responses is reached. A visual performance score is determined based on the set of responses received from the subject and the difficulty ratings for the visual recognition tests displayed to the subject is then output.

Abstract: A method of diagnosis is disclosed. The method comprises using a display device for presenting a motion perception test to a subject and determining a subject response to the motion perception test. The response can be used for assessing presence or absence of demyelination and/or remyelination.

Abstract: The contrast sensitivity of an individual may be tested and/or trained using a plurality of circular contrast zones. The individual may select the circular contrast zone having a different degree of contrast than the other circular contrast zones. For example, the individual may select the circular contrast zone having the highest or lowest contrast of a displayed plurality of circular contrast zones. A plurality of circular contrast zones may be displayed with a spatial arrangement that facilitates inputting a selection of one of the plurality by the individual. A variety of input devices may be used to receive a selection from an individual. Both the accuracy and speed of an individual's contrast sensitivity may be tested and/or trained in accordance with the present invention.

Abstract: A device for measuring a user's range of clear focus (accommodation) comprising: a display for displaying a test image to the user at a first size; a sensor for determining the separation between the display and the user; and a processor for determining the angular subtence of the image to the user and to resize the test image in order to substantially maintain the angular subtence of the image when the separation between the display and the user is varied.

Abstract: The measurement method involves a step for displaying on a display screen an image in which one corresponding region exclusively that has been selected from regions provided has a contrast difference when on and when off; a step for enlarging the contrast difference in the image display in cases which an operation for an operation unit accompanying the flickering perception of a subject is assessed to not be correctly specifying the one aforementioned selected region, and, in cases which a correct specification has been assessed, recording the contrast difference at that point in a recording unit as the measurement contrast difference; and a step for assessing whether the aforementioned recorded measurement contrast difference has converged, reducing the contrast difference when convergence has not been assessed, and determining the convergence value of the aforementioned measurement contrast difference as information corresponding to the flickering perception threshold when convergence has been assessed.

Abstract: A method for producing an ophthalmic spectacle lens makes it possible to fit out a wearer of lenses in a manner which is customized as a function of a perception of blur by said wearer. The lens is selected so that the wearer has the impression of having a field of sharp vision which has a reference width. This reference width is determined on the basis of a first lens which complies with the wearer's ophthalmic prescription and a reference threshold value of the blur. It is thereafter associated within the lens which is provided for the wearer with a threshold value of the blur which is perceived by this wearer.

Abstract: A method is presented to address quantitative assessment of visual motion discrimination in a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting a scene, comprising a plurality of elements and a background, to a subject on a display; (2) moving a plurality of elements relative to the scene; (3) receiving feedback from the subject; (4) quantitatively refining the feedback; (5) modulating the movement relative to accuracy of the received feedback; (6) monitoring the response error; (7) calculating a critical threshold parameter for the subject; and (8) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium. An apparatus for quantitative assessment of visual motion discrimination of a subject comprising a display device, an input device, a control device, and a tangible computer readable medium. In its simplest sense, a quantitative assessment profile of visual motion discrimination by psychophysical responses is generated on a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method of testing visual performance includes determining a difficulty rating for each of a plurality of visual recognition tests. The method further includes displaying one of the visual recognition tests to a subject and receiving from the subject a response to the visual recognition test. After receiving the response to the visual recognition test, a subsequent visual recognition test is selected to have a difficulty rating determined based on the response received from the subject, the subsequent visual recognition test is displayed, and a response is received from the subject. The subsequent visual recognition tests are repeated until a predetermined number of responses is reached. A visual performance score is determined based on the set of responses received from the subject and the difficulty ratings for the visual recognition tests displayed to the subject is then output.

Abstract: An eye chart uses a series of graphics spaced at intervals selected to discriminate between normal vision and vision impaired by the presence of a cataract and displayed on a digital display device such as a computer, digital display device, smart phone, etc. Groups of graphics have progressively different distances between the series with one series representing normal vision with the space between the lines growing progressively further apart to indicate the advancement of the cataract. A user with normal vision will be able to count the number of lines, while a person with cataracts will require the space between the lines to be further apart. The digital device automatically stores input information using an input device such as a mouse or touch screen input. This digital storage information records a patient profile in time as each use is recorded. Different shapes and letters may be used.

Abstract: An optometric apparatus for examining visual functions of an examinee's eye includes: a memory for storing prism powers corresponding to the visual functions of the examinee's eye; an output unit; and a control unit for graphically displaying on the output unit normative areas being areas of normative prism powers in addition to information on prism powers of the examinee's eye based on the prism powers stored in the memory.

Abstract: A substrate includes a diffracting structure providing a hologram which encodes one or more holographic images. Every image of the one or more holographic images has a holographic location at either a finite or substantially infinite effective optical distance. The hologram is to be used as an ophthalmic eye chart or an eye exercise device or to provide a scale for measuring distances.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and kit for testing visual acuity in a subject. The examiner displays a test thread at a set distance in front of the subject's face, and then determines whether the subject grabs or looks at the test thread. These steps are repeated using subsequent threads of varying thickness. The smallest thread to which the subject responds is charted as their best VA in standard notation. The visual acuity of a young child can be quantified using standard adult Snellen acuity levels. The device can be used worldwide, as it transcends language barriers, and in a variety of practice settings, including pediatric ophthalmologist offices, general ophthalmologist offices, optometric offices, pediatricians and family doctors who see young children or persons unable to read a conventional Snellen chart and/or verbalize their responses.

Abstract: The present invention tests and/or trains the visual sensitivity of a subject using adaptable visual indicia. One or more visual indicia possessing a visual trait are displayed to the subject. The displayed visual indicia possessing a visual trait may be adjusted to determine when a subject can and cannot be perceived by the subject. A displayed visual indicia may be adjusted in its size, rate of movement, direction of movement, location of display, duration of display, or other characteristic. To determine whether a subject correctly perceived the visual trait possessed by a displayed visual indicia, an input may be received from the subject. If an input received corresponds to the visual trait possessed by the displayed visual indicia, the subject may be determined to have correctly perceived the displayed visual indicia and the visual trait.

Abstract: A vision testing method and apparatus are disclosed, the method including generating an image, modulating the wavefront of the image remote from the patient, relaying the modulated wavefront to a plane nearby, on, or within the patient's eye, varying the modulation of the wavefront based upon patient or operator response, and conveying the value of the wavefront modulation to the operator. The apparatus includes devices for generating an image, modulating the wavefront of the image that is physically remote from the patient, optically relaying the modulated wavefront of the image to a plane nearby, on, or within a patient's eye, varying the modulation of the wavefront of the image based upon patient or operator response, and conveying the value of the continuously modulated wavefront to the operator.

Abstract: A method is presented to address quantitative assessment of spatial distractor tasks in a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to a subject on a display, said scene comprising a plurality of elements and a background; (2) modulating the saliency of a predetermined section of the scene; (3) receiving feedback from the subject; (4) superimposing an additional cue onto the scene; (5) generating a shift in attention of the subject; (6) receiving refined feedback from the subject; (7) quantitatively refining the refined feedback; (8) adjusting the motion associated with the scene relative to accuracy of the refined feedback; and (9) calculating a critical threshold parameter for the subject; and (10) recording the critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium. An apparatus for quantitative assessment of spatial distractor tasks of a subject comprising a display device, an input device, a control device, and a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: A method is presented to address quantitative assessment of visual contrast sensitivity in a subject, where the method comprises the steps of: (1) presenting at least one scene to the subject on a display, the scene comprising a plurality of elements and a background; (2) modulating the contrast of at least one element; (3) receiving feedback from the subject via at least one input device; (4) quantitatively refining the received feedback relative to the scene; (5) adjusting the contrast relative to accuracy of the quantitatively refined feedback; (6) calculating a critical threshold parameter for the subject; and (7) recording a critical threshold parameter onto a tangible computer readable medium. An apparatus for quantitative assessment of visual contrast sensitivity of a subject comprising a display device, an input device, a control device, and a tangible computer readable medium.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a video game to map macular visual acuity comprising a multiple choice test where the fixation point is ensured by brief simultaneous presentation of both a central and pericentral targets. The game may be implemented on a hardware platform including a video display, a user input device, and a video camera. The camera is used to monitor ambient light level and the distance between the device and the eyes of the test subject. The game serves as a macular acuity perimeter that produces a map of the acuity of an eye that may be compared with normative data. The type of acuity tested is preferably Vernier acuity, but resolution acuity can also be tested. The test results are transmitted to a health care professional by telecommunications means to facilitate the diagnosis or monitoring of age-related macular degeneration or other relevant eye diseases.

Abstract: A set of visual targets and a method for using these targets to evaluate the spatial frequency response and contrast sensitivity of the human visual system. The invention includes four choice test, six choice test, sinusoidal bulls eye and fundamental sinusoidal letters or optotype targets. The four and six choice targets feature sinusoidal gratings oriented vertically, horizontally and at angles thereto. The sinusoidal bull's eye target features concentric circular light and dark areas with brightness varying in a radial sinusoidal fashion. The fundamental sinusoidal optotype target features an optotype, such as a letter, that is made up of strokes, each of which have a width that is equal to ½ of a single sinusoidal period.