Abstract: A photographing apparatus includes a movable-member driver configured to move a movable member in a direction that is different from an optical axis of a photographing optical system, wherein the movable member includes at least one of an optical element, constituting at least one part of the photographing optical system, and an image sensor; a movable-member drive controller configured to drive the movable member to move in a circular path of a predetermined diameter via the movable-member driver; and a processor configured to select a drive diameter D of the circular path by which the drive controller drives the movable member within a range of the following condition (1): d*?/(2*21/2)?D?d*?/2??(1), wherein d designates a pixel interval of the image sensor.

Abstract: A mount for attaching a projection device to an overhead structure includes a device interface operably attachable to the projection device and a device orientation adjustment structure operably coupled with the device interface. The device orientation adjustment structure has structure defining up to three independent axes for adjustment of projector pitch, roll, and yaw. A single selectively adjustable friction element may be provided to enable projector position to be fixed about for any one or all of the independent axes. A gear adjustment mechanism may be provided to enable fine adjustment of projector position. Moreover, any one or all of the independent axes may pass through the projector device, preferably proximate its center of gravity so that it is self balanced on the mount to ease adjustment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a film transport device for transporting a motion picture film, in particular in a film recorder, having a rotatable transport drum for the rotary guidance of the film. The transport drum has movable registration pins which can be introduced temporarily into the transport path of the film at the transport drum to precisely fix the position of the film. The invention furthermore relates to a film recorder having a film transport device of the mentioned kind and to a method of transporting a motion picture film by means of a rotating transport drum, in particular in a film recorder.

Abstract: A film mechanism for a motion-picture camera is provided. The film feed mechanism has a transport grip having a transport grip clip and at least one transport grip tip which engages in a sprocket hole of a motion-picture film that is transported at a predefinable film transport speed by the kinematics of the transport grip. The transport grip tip displaces the motion-picture film in an intermittent manner and runs through a closed trajectory whose reversing points determine the length of travel during the film transport. The kinematics of the transport grip can be dynamically and/or statically modified in accordance with the film transport speed by a modification to the relative positions of the transport grip and grip drive connected in an articulated manner to the transport grip in such a way that a constantly correct length of travel during a film transport step of the transport grip is guaranteed.

Abstract: A high resolution, high frame rate digital cinematographic camera system having an improved shutter system. An exemplary digital cinematographic camera system comprises a digital camera with an image sensor, a shutter drive motor, and a double shutter system. The double shutter system comprises primary and secondary shutter blades that revolve at differential rates. A preferred double shutter comprises a 1× rotation speed primary shutter blade with an adjustable open angle of 360 degrees minus the equivalent angle read-out time of the image sensor and a 2× rotation speed secondary shutter blade with a fixed open angle of 360 degrees minus the effective clear aperture at the shutter plane. The 2× rotation speed secondary shutter blade has leading and lagging edge rates that are twice the leading and lagging edge speed of the primary shutter blade to provide additional exposure time and readout time.

Abstract: A method and system for color correcting and completing answerprints in preparation for making final copies of motion pictures for distribution. A light system is provided in which colors of the light projected through a film toward a viewing screen can be individually and incrementally adjusted as desired for use by a color “Timer” who is an individual that selects color corrections on a scene-by-scene basis until a suitable look is achieved. The Timer does this in real time while watching the film scene projected on the screen. The color adjustments are stored and subsequently used to control a motion picture film printer in printing a next version of scenes of the film.

Abstract: A moving picture recording/reproducing apparatus has a camera portion to take a moving picture, a compressor/expander which compresses and expands a video signal and an audio signal, a card slot which receives a memory card that records compressed video and audio data, and an LCD and a speaker which reproduces and outputs the video and audio data recorded in the memory card. This recording/reproducing apparatus has such a size that easily fits in a pocket of a jacket. The apparatus takes moving pictures and still pictures, and further records and reproduces video signals from an external apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to film transport systems for motion picture projectors and, more particularly, to a film projector movement that is capable of transporting film prints having frames spanning a predetermined number of perforations per frame at a specified projection frame-rate and then automatically switching to another film format having frames spanning a different number of perforations per frame as well as a different projection frame-rate, based on the detection of an encoded trigger strip on the film which carries the format characteristics of the incoming film. A controller enables the system to automatically switch between a variety of different film formats and frame-rates, on the same projector and on the same platter of film, without substantially interrupting or delaying operation of the projector.

Abstract: A multiplexed motion picture camera comprising a sturdy plate for supporting a plurality of camera mechanisms, each camera mechanism provided with an adjustable support device, and connected to a common objective lens through an arrangement of lenses, beam splitters, multiple axis optical relays, and additional shutter devices. Each camera mechanism and its associated optical relays, shutters, and lenses can be individually controlled and adjusted to allow an operator a broad range of photographic settings to achieve a smooth, continuous, natural motion moving image recording.

Abstract: A digital high-resolution motion-picture camera has a receiving device for interchangeable lenses and a single area sensor with a color mosaic filter mask. The interchangeable lenses permit the cameraman to utilize the advantages of available lenses in the familiar fashion. A single area sensor avoids inferior image quality as would be unavoidable using three separate sensors for different color separations. To avoid color moiré optically effective low-pass filtering is carried out without optical components. The filtering effect is caused by image motion, i.e. blurring during the particular detecting time of the sensor (10).

Abstract: A pin-registered film transport assembly provides an interlacing motion for moving and guiding a photographic film through a film gate. The assembly includes a first carriage mounted for movement parallel to a direction of film travel and a first pin assembly including a first pair of registration pins which are engageable in oppositely disposed perforations of the film, where the first pin assembly is mounted on the first carriage for movement perpendicular to the direction of film travel for engaging and disengaging the film perforations. The assembly also includes a second carriage mounted for movement parallel to the direction of film travel and a second pin assembly including a second pair of registration pins which are engageable in oppositely disposed perforations of the film, where the second pin assembly is mounted on the second carriage for movement perpendicular to the direction of film travel.

Abstract: A film guide for a movie camera 1 with a distance window 5 positioned in the shooting path of rays 3 of the movie camera 1, whereby this distance window 5 has a picture gate 52 and a platen 7a, between which the movie film 6 is moved. At least the upper surface of the platen 7a facing the movie film 6 is formed in a ray-absorbing or non-reflecting way.

Abstract: A double speed intermittent film pull down for a movie projector (100) comprises a sprocket (122), which advances the film (114) a frame at a time. A star wheel (140) is mounted on a common shaft (132) with the sprocket (122). A cam (134) turns the sprocket (122) every other rotation of the cam (134). A shutter (106) is mounted on a common shaft (132) with the cam (134) and interrupts light to the frame of the film (114). The common shaft (132) for the cam (134) and shutter (106) turns at approximately twice the speed of the common shaft (132) for the star wheel (140) and sprocket (122).

Abstract: A motion picture film projector illumination system (100) for minimizing film buckle comprises a light source (405) for producing a beam of light (416). Beam shaping optics (411) focus the light beam onto a film through an aperture (408) having an aperture opening (410) corresponding to a film frame (324). A secondary beam steering optics (465) directs stray light around edges of the aperture to illuminate film edge to frame edge areas (446).

Abstract: A system for compensating for film flutter in a motion picture film projector during projection of a motion picture film comprising multiple film image frames is described, the system comprising sensing the position of film image frames in a film gate of the projector relative to the focal plane of the projection lens assembly of the projector as the film image frames are being projected, and correcting the position of the film in the film gate of the projector or the position of the focal plane of the projection lens assembly to reduce the distance between the film image and the focal plane of the projection lens assembly as the film image frames are being projected, wherein the correction of the position of an individual film image frame in the film gate or that of the position of the focal plane of the projection lens assembly during projection of the individual frame image is based on the actual sensed position of the individual film image frame in the film gate, or on the position of a previously project

Abstract: A rotary gate for digitally scanning frames of a motion picture film has a motor drive wheel and a coaxially spaced free wheel which support and engage sprocket holes in the film. The free wheel has no connection to the driven wheel other than the film which rotates the free wheel as it is driven by the drive wheel for advancing the film through the gate. A light source and sensor are provided on opposite sides of the film for illuminating the film and digitally scanning motion picture frames. Sprockets on the drive wheel are profiled to stabilize the film laterally while it is advanced for scanning of each frame. A fixed disc with a smooth track my be substituted for the free wheel for supporting the film.

Abstract: A multiplexed motion picture camera comprising a sturdy plate for supporting a plurality of camera mechanisms, each camera mechanism provided with an adjustable support device, and connected to a common objective lens through an arrangement of lenses, beam splitters, multiple axis optical relays, and additional shutter devices. Each camera mechanism and its associated optical relays, shutters, and lenses can be individually controlled and adjusted to allow an operator a broad range of photographic settings to achieve a smooth, continuous, natural motion moving image recording.

Abstract: A film guide for a movie camera 1 with a distance window 5 positioned in the shooting path of rays 3 of the movie camera 1, whereby this distance window 5 has a picture gate 52 and a platen 7a, between which the movie film 6 is moved. At least the upper surface of the platen 7a facing the movie film 6 is formed in a ray-absorbing or non-reflecting way.

Abstract: A film scanner for scanning an image formed on a film, is provided with a line sensor unit that scans the image in a main scanning direction, and a table supporting the film. The table is slidable in an auxiliary scanning direction. A geared transmission is provided to receives the driving force of a driving source and outputs, to a table driving mechanism, one of a first and a second driving force. The first driving force is a force with which the table driving mechanism drives the table in a forward direction at a first speed, and the second driving force is a force with which the table driving mechanism drives the table in a reverse direction at a second speed that is different from the first speed.

Abstract: In a film positioning system and method thereof, stable film positioning is accomplished. In the present invention, when a film is fed to a stop position by driving first feeding mechanism and second feeding mechanism synchronizing with each other and then the stop position is determined with the first feeding mechanism or the second feeding mechanism, a fixed tension is applied to the film by the other feeding mechanism.

Abstract: A loop region in which a loop of a negative film is formed is provided between a pre-scan section and a fine scan section. When a frame image recorded on the negative film is read, a control circuit effects control such that respective processings in the pre-scan section and the fine scan section are performed concurrently in a state in which a length of the loop in the loop region is within a predetermined allowable range.

Abstract: The invention is a mechanism for mounting a film shutter and assembly to a conveyor in a motion film projector, the film shutter assembly including a shutter secured to a mounting bracket, which houses a pair of trucks. Preferably, the mounting bracket securely houses a first truck and slidably houses a second truck to accommodate for the trucks passing over straight and curved portions of the truck, or shutter path. The trucks are rigidly clamped to the conveyor. This configuration permits the shutter to be stably coupled to the conveyor while permitting the shutter assembly to travel along both straight and curved paths. The trucks are generally configured to ride in a raceway, which supports the trucks and maintains the trucks on a predetermined truck path. In one embodiment, the trucks include rollers, which roll along an elongated channel formed in the raceway. According to another embodiment, the trucks include air bearings for carrying the truck along a pressurized raceway.

Abstract: A film position detection apparatus and a method for precisely detecting a film position are provided. An image film projection apparatus is also provided for correcting deflections of images through precisely detecting a film position and thereby projecting images recorded on the film in a good condition. A film position detection means has a ground electrode attached to a movable picture gate; detection electrodes placed in a fixed picture gate; and auxiliary electrodes placed around the detection electrodes. The auxiliary electrodes suppress erroneous variations in electrostatic capacitance generated between the ground electrode and the detection electrodes. As a result, accuracy in film position detection by the detection electrodes is improved for achieving precise detection.

Abstract: A movie film image projecting device wherein a movie film is intermittently stopped in a manner synchronized with rotation of a sprocket by means of travel-synchronizing holes which have been formed longitudinally with respect to the movie film and a light from a light source is projected on a stated region of the movie film at a stopped base position. Detectors for detecting at a plurality of locations the displacement of the film from the base position at the time the movie film has stopped, on the basis of the travel-synchronizing holes, output a different position detection signal corresponding to the deviation of the film from the base position at each of the plurality of locations. An abnormality judging circuit supplied with the position detection signals determines whether or not the position detection signals are abnormal and outputs an abnormality detection signal for each of the position detection signals which is determined to be abnormal.

Abstract: A film position detection apparatus and a method for precisely detecting a film position are provided. An image film projection apparatus is also provided for correcting deflections of images through precisely detecting a film position and thereby projecting images recorded on the film in a good condition. A film position detection means has a ground electrode attached to a movable picture gate; detection electrodes placed in a fixed picture gate; and auxiliary electrodes placed around the detection electrodes. The auxiliary electrodes suppress erroneous variations in electrostatic capacitance generated between the ground electrode and the detection electrodes. As a result, accuracy in film position detection by the detection electrodes is improved for achieving precise detection.

Abstract: A device for viewing a motion picture film strip held within a cassette includes a film strip drive wheel, turned at a constant speed by a battery-powered motor, having an outer cylindrical surface from which a pin section extends radially. The film strip is held, by guiding surfaces in the cassette, so that it extends in an arc around a portion of the outer cylindrical surface. The pin section engages a sprocket hole in the film strip at the beginning of this arc, and is disengaged from the sprocket hole at the end of this arc. During continued revolution of the drive wheel, the film is held in place as a single frame is viewed through the lens. The lens is focussed by sliding a tab extending from the lens housing within an oblique slot in a cover of the viewing device, as the lens is both rotated about its optical axis and translated along its optical axis.

Abstract: A controller uses image processing to detect any abnormalities in the shape and distance of the perforations of a motion picture film by means of image data obtained upon imaging the perforations of the running motion picture film by a video camera in a sensor unit arranged in the film running path. If any abnormalities are detected in the perforations in the motion picture film running in the film running path, an error output specifying such abnormalities is fed to a system controller that operates to stop the film drive system including stopping the intermittent film feed at the optical film gate and extinguishing the light source illuminating the film.

Abstract: An image displaying device which is able to prevent the occurrence of fluctuations in the picture which is projected on the screen, even if some positional fluctuations have occurred in the movie film. The optical axis correcting means is provided on the optical path of the transmitted light which has been obtained from the light source via the movie film, and also the detecting means is provided for detecting the quantity of the displacement from the base position at the time the movie film has stopped on the basis of the travel-synchronizing holes which have been formed in the longitudinal direction of the movie film, whereby the optical axis correcting means is able to change the angle of the optical axis of the transmitted light, according to the result of detection obtained from the detecting means, on the basis of drive controlling by the driving means. As a result the optical axis can be corrected.

Abstract: A device for recording a motion picture film and a device for projecting a motion picture film susceptible to generation of low noise due to film feed are provided. A motion picture film 10 is fed on the frame basis so that the film is fed as it is clamped between an idler 45 and a rotary drum 48 and so that the film feed is stopped as a voice coil 43 is driven for displacing the idler 45 away from the rotary drum 48. A recording unit 30 records a frame image of the motion picture film each time the film feed is halted. Recording may be made in this manner under the state of extremely low noise level due to film feed. Film feed is made in a similar manner during projection of each frame image, and each frame image is also projected by a projection unit 70 each time the film feed is halted. Projection may also be made in this manner under the state of extremely low noise level due to film feed.

Abstract: Mounted on a horizontal shaft 1 extending along surfaces of a film f are sprocket wheels 2 each having three tooth pairs 2a adapted to engage with perforations on the film. The tooth pairs 2a are angularily spaced apart from each other by 120 degrees around a periphery of the sprocket wheel 2. A triangular cam 11 is attached on one end of a horizontal shaft 7 rotatable in unison with the shaft 1. A lever 17 is attached to a horizontal shaft 15 carrying a cam follower 16 rotatable in unison with the rotation of the cam 11. A projection 20 which reciprocates registration pins 22 for engagement with and disengagement from the perforations g of the film f is fitted into an elongated slot 17a of the lever 17. A switching lever 14 is provided for displacement of the shaft 7 into a position where the shaft 7 is prevented from rotating even when the horizontal shaft 1 is rotated.

Abstract: A cine camera employing interchangeable film magazines with displacement of the spindles of the film take-off and take-up reels, comprises an electric motor mounted on the body of the camera and of which the horizontal driven shaft is fast with a driving magnetic plate of a magnetic coupler which is housed in an opening in the body coaxial with the axis of the motor and of the shaft. The outer front face of the driving magnetic plate is substantially flush with the outer face of the body which is adjacent the outer face of the wall of the casing of the interchangeable magazine. The magnetic coupler comprises, in the magazine, a driven magnetic plate of which the axis merges with that of the driving magnetic plate. The driven magnetic plate is fast with a driving pinion and the driven magnetic plate and the driving pinion are mounted to rotate, in the magazine, about an axis which is merged with the axis of the drive motor.

Abstract: A sprocket drive mechanism for transporting film through a motion picture camera includes a frame and a sprocket wheel rotatably supported on the frame and adapted to engage the film. A drive plate is rotatably supported on the frame which is rotated by a drive mechanism. A knob is coupled to the sprocket wheel for rotation therewith. A coupling plate is rotatably supported on the frame and is axially coupled to the knob for selectively rotating the knob. The knob, where manually actuated, axially displaces the coupling plate between a first position where the coupling plate is engaged with the drive plate for rotation therewith and a second position where the coupling plate is disengaged from the drive plate. The coupling plate, when in the first position, rotates the knob which in turn rotates the sprocket wheel. The knob, when the coupling plate is in the second position, is manually rotatable to permit manual rotation of the sprocket wheel to adjust the film.

Abstract: A projection device comprising a film projector and a loop box for a continuous film in which the projector includes a sprocket for feeding the continuous loop of film through a film gate which may be of the customary type. The loop box comprises a frame having transversely and longitudinally spaced upper and lower shaft supports, a plurality of shafts journaled in each of said upper and lower shaft supports, a plurality of pulleys rotatably mounted on each of the shafts by means of ball bearings and means to drive each shaft in the direction which the rollers mounted thereon move when the film loop is advanced through the film gate by the drive sprocket.

Abstract: A camera for taking a plurality of exposures upon a continuous length of film includes a film transport/registration sprocket mounted directly to the shaft of a first stepper motor for incremental rotation thereby. The film transport/registration sprocket engages sprocket holes along the edges of the film for transporting the film through the camera and registering the film relative to an aperture plate assembly. Guide rollers are provided to guide a portion of the film past the aperture plate assembly through which the film can be exposed. The aperture plate assembly includes an aperture frame which supports a removable aperture mask for selecting the area of film to be exposed. A shutter disk is mounted to a shaft for rotation by a second stepper motor in order to expose the film. A pressure plate controlled by the shutter disk shaft urges the film against registration pins within the aperture frame which engage the sprocket holes in the film during each exposure.

Abstract: A motor-driven camera with stepping image-recordation control includes a shutter which extends between an objective and an exposure opening of the camera, and a friction segment member which engages the film accommodated in a camera to advance the same in predetermined increments from a payout core to a takeup core in a path leading past the exposure opening. The shutter and the friction segment member are mounted on respective shafts which are normal to one another and also to the output shaft of the electric motor which drives the camera. The output shaft has a worm provided thereon, and the shafts of the shutter and of the friction segment member have worm wheels which mesh with the worm. A friction roller engages the film opposite to the friction segment member, and a friction transmission incorporating a friction clutch or coupling is interposed between the friction roller and the capstan for the takeup core to rotate the latter as the film advances.

Abstract: A camera in which a strip of film is progressively advanced from a feed roll to an exposed film roll and past an exposure location, and including a mechanism for intermittently turning an exposed film spool to successively advance different frames of the film to the exposure location, and a sensing element which is responsive to a change in diameter of one of the rolls of film to cause automatic adjustment of the spool turning mechanism in a manner changing the angle through which the exposed film spool is turned on each film advancing operation of the mechanism in accordance with changes in diameter of the film rolls to thereby compensate for that change in diameter and render the linear advancement of the film on successive operations of the mechanism more uniform than it would otherwise be.

Abstract: A hand held motion picture viewer includes a housing having a recess formed in one end of the housing for carrying a film cartridge, and a viewing aperture in the opposite end of the housing through which the images on the film in the cartridge may be viewed. The housing carries a film driving mechanism for engaging and advancing the film within the cartridge past the viewing aperture. The film driving mechanism includes a battery operated motor, a claw journaled for rotation within the housing and positioned to engage sprocket holes in the film when the cartridge is carried within the recess of the viewer, and a gear transmission means connected between the motor and the claw for rotating the claw in discrete arcuate steps when the motor is energized to produce intermittent film advance. An actuating lever and movable contact means are provided for selective electrical connection of the motor with the battery for selective energization of the motor and film advance.

Abstract: A yieldably resilient shock absorber is provided, which is disposed in driving relationship between a pair of gears in a photographic apparatus drive system. The yieldably resistant shock absorber is confined within an annular chamber or channel defined by complementary structure of the two gears and is adapted to absorb forces due to sudden stoppage of the film strip or to resistance to movement of the film strip by compressing the resilient shock absorber member within the confining channel. Upon cessation of the forces imposed upon the yieldable resilient shock absorber, frictional engagement between the outer surfaces of the deformed shock absorber member and the confining walls defining the channel result in a controlled release of the absorbed energy.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the InventionThis invention relates to photographic apparatus and, more particularly, to an improved drive system for advancing and rewinding film in a film cassette inserted into the photographic apparatus.2.

Abstract: The TV-cine conversion projector adapted to carry out the ordinary film projection of the projector at the feeding rate of the film frames of substantially 24 frames/sec. and 18 frames/sec., while, in cooperation with a TV camera tube such as a vidicon, it can convert the projected images of the film at the feeding rate of the film frames of substantially 24 frames/sec. and 18 frames/sec. into TV pictures scanned at the scanning rate of 60 fields/sec. or 50 fields/sec. comprises a main shaft driven at a constant speed, a sound sprocket driven by the driving shaft for rotation at a speed corresponding to the rate of intermittent feeding of the film, a shutter driven by the main shaft for synchronizing the rate of interruption of the projection light with the actuation of an intermittent film feeding claw driven by the driving shaft at a speed of substantially 24 frames/sec.

Abstract: A projector for motion picture film includes a servo motor which is controlled to advance film frame by frame to a projection station. A capstan on each side of the projection station is controlled to maintain film loops of substantially constant size and an associated reel motor delivers film to and takes film from each capstan. Each associated capstan and reel motor are controlled so as to maintain substantially constant tension on the film. A film guide defines the projection station and also includes provision for masking peripheral areas of each frame. Each capstan and an associated pinch roller are designed so as to eliminate creeping of film from between the two. A circuit for controlling the reel motors is arranged to permit fast winding of film directly from one reel to the other with an automatic braking feature.

Abstract: An arrangement for producing or showing distance lapse motion pictures in coordination with a bicycle through mechanical or electrical system operated in accordance with the speed at which the bicycle or exercise bicycle by a user thereof.

Abstract: A programmable viewing system for processing and viewing cassette contained photographic film strips including a chassis defined by a centrally disposed vertical plate-like casting on which all internal viewer components cooperable mechanically and/or optically with the cassette are mounted together with a cassette well by which the cassette may be registered with such viewer components. A programming cam disc is rotatably carried by the casting for controlling both electrical switches for controlling an electronics logic system as well as shiftable viewer component positioning members, one on each side of the casting. The programming cam disc further controls cassette ejection. The program cam disc, together with contacts in the cassette, also control the film processing cycle during which the film is transported between spools and processing fluid is applied to the film strip.

Abstract: A programmable viewing system for processing and viewing cassette contained photographic film strips including a chassis defined by a centrally disposed vertical plate-like casting on which all internal viewer components cooperable mechanically and/or optically with the cassette are mounted together with a cassette well by which the cassette may be registered with such viewer components. A programming cam disc is rotatably carried by the casting for controlling both electrical switches for controlling an electronics logic system as well as shiftable viewer component positioning members, one on each side of the casting. The programming cam disc further controls cassette ejection. The spools of the cassette are driven by an electric motor through a clutch.

Abstract: An improved transport system for a motion picture projector which permits either intermittent or continuous drive of a film advancement sprocket. The transport is capable of use selectively with film having, for example, either two or four perforations per picture frame. During normal operation of the projector, the sprocket is intermittently driven to advance the film through a gate while a shutter interrupts the projection light. For automated film rewind through the projector, the sprocket is driven at a continuous speed which is preferably higher than the average speed in which the film is intermittently advanced through the projector.

Abstract: A film transport mechanism for use in conjunction with a motion picture projector is a free standing unit carrying supply and takeup reels and associated drive motors. The arbors for the supply and takeup reels are generally parallel, and positioned therebetween is a free running sprocket assembly. Film direction rollers cause film from the supply reel to run over one side of the sprocket and additional rollers to direct the return film from a projector over the opposite side of the sprocket whereby the rate of film advance to the projector and return are equal. The transport mechanism transfers a major portion of the torque required to pull film off the supply reel from the projector to the transport thereby significantly reducing the tension on the film going to and from the projector. The entire assembly includes a support structure having a vertical column supporting the motors, arbors and the control electronics, and constitutes a conduit for virtually all electrical interconnections.

Abstract: The motion-picture camera includes a prime mover, a film wind-up member, and a torque-equalizing clutch arrangement coupling the film wind-up member to the prime mover for transmitting torque to the latter. The clutch arrangement includes an automatic disengaging device which automatically disengages the clutch arrangement when the torque being transmitted by the clutch arrangement exceeds a preselected value. The automatic disengaging device includes a worm wheel connected to and driving the film wind-up member, a worm screw driving the worm wheel and driven by the disengageable part of the clutch arrangement. The worm screw is so mounted that as it drives the worm wheel it simultaneously tends to move in a direction causing the disengageable part of the clutch arrangement to become disengaged.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a motion picture projection apparatus with film feeding speed changing apparatus which is characterized in that the apparatus presents a driving motor for rotating the first pulley member on which at least more than two pulley parts to be used in accordance with the projection speed are formed and a film feeding apparatus to be operated in cooperation with the second pulley on which at least more than three pulley parts have diameters which are different from each other. This is done in such a manner that a different pulley part is used even for the same film speed in accordance with the frequencies of the current source.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a motion picture camera which is characterized in that respectively on the driving shaft to be rotated by means of a driving power from the driving motor and on the shutter shaft to be rotated by means of a rotating power of the above mentioned driving shaft elliptical gears in mutual engagement with each other are provided in such a manner that the ratio of the angular speed to be communicated between the driving shaft and the shutter shaft is continuously increased and decreased while on the above mentioned shutter shaft a non-circular cam to reciprocate the claw for feeding film is provided in such a manner that while the shutter blade is opened the shutter shaft rotates slowly and further the claw for feeding film stops feeding film whereby the effective proper opening angle of the shutter blade is changed largely by means of the above mentioned pair of elliptical gears and the non-circular cam.

Abstract: Film tensioning and controlling transport mechanism for a cinematograph film projector. The film take-up mechanism has a torque motor drive separate from the projector mechanism drive motor. The torque motor is energised first to tension film before the projector drive motor is energised. The torque motor is first energised with a series temperature-sensitive resistor so that torque, and film-tension, increases before the projector mechanism starts up. Film between the projector mechanism and the take-up spool is formed into a loop over a movable roller, which is spring-tensioned in the loop-lenghtening direction but is restrained by a dashpot in the loop-shortening direction. Film-tension reduces the loop length, but the projector drive motor is energised before the whole loop is taken up.