Abstract: A copier having a stationary document glass and a scanning illumination/optics mechanism. The illumination/optics mechanism reciprocates through a linear scan motion and a reverse-direction reset motion during a copy process cycle. A moving photoconductor is connected to move the scanning mechanism in a scanning direction for a first part of the photoconductor movement, and to move the mechanism in the opposite reset direction during a second part of the photoconductor movement. Rotary-to-reciprocating harmonic motion mechanism couples the photoconductor's motion to the scanning mechanism to move the mechanism through the scan and reset motion.

Abstract: One embodiment of the disclosed apparatus converges a beam of light to a point of focus and scans that point of focus through an arc at a predetermined radius. The beam of light is then imaged to another point of focus by a unitary power optical system. The second point of focus, therefore, also scans through an identical arc which is displaced by a selected distance along the optical axis from the first point of focus. A master mask for exposing a photoresist on a semiconductor wafer is located at the first point of focus and the semiconductor wafer whose layer of photoresist is to be exposed is located at the second point of focus. However, the mask and wafer are mounted in a different fixture which is radially translatable relative to the scanning beam of light so that a sequence of scans of the beam of light across the mask and wafer serves to illuminate all areas of the mask and to thereby image the information on the mask onto the photoresist layer on the semiconductor wafer.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus and process for forming multiple copies of a document. The apparatus includes a moving photosensitive surface. The first copy of the document is formed while the document is moving in synchronism with the photosensitive surface and the second and further copies of the document are formed while the document is held stationary. The multiple copy mode of operation can be combined with other modes of operation such as reduction, a single copy mode and a large document copying mode, as desired, to provide an apparatus having substantial versatility.

Abstract: A document feeding apparatus and electrostatographic reproducing machine. The apparatus includes a viewing platen and a document feeder for feeding documents over the platen. The document feeder includes at least one feed member urged against the platen to form a nip therebetween for passage of documents. The feed member is formed of a multi-component material comprising a solid polymeric component impregnated with a non-volatile liquid. The multi-component material is selected to reduce the difference between the coefficient of friction between the feed member and the platen and the coefficient of friction between the document and the platen.

Abstract: Machine for color reprography includes an exposure device and a support for the original, movable relative to one another. The exposure device includes an objective so constructed as to concentrate the light reflected by the original onto a photosensitive surface, the sweeping of the original being achieved by virtue of a reciprocating movement of the exposure device relative to the support for the original. The exposure device comprises an assembly of optical filters located in superposed filter-holder slides which are movable along a direction parallel to the sweeping movement, between two setting positions, one being a storage position not interposed in the light beam and the other being an operating position which cuts across this beam. The slides cooperate at one end of the sweep travel, with a stop device which pushes all the slides back into one of the setting positions. The stop device operates as a retainer which make it possible selectively to operate certain of the slides.

Abstract: An apparatus for viewing an original and for projecting an image thereof onto a moving imaging surface and a reproducing machine employing the apparatus. The apparatus includes a lens arranged along an optical path. The projected image magnification may be changed by translating the lens in a plane of motion between first and second positions. Apparatus are provided for tilting the lens with respect to the plan of motion to a different extent at the first position than at the second position to thereby reduce the occurrence of vignetting in the optical system.

Abstract: An electrostatic photographic copying apparatus wherein the image-forming device, the optical device, the transfer device and the transfer paper transferring device are controlled according to the rotation of the rotary drum so that one cycle of the copying operation is completed while the rotating drum, equipped with a photosensitive element on which to form an image, is rotated through two turns. Substantially the entire surface of the rotary drum can be utilized as an image-forming area by rotating the rotary drum through two turns in one cycle of the copying operation.

Abstract: A unity magnification catoptric image-forming system and an illumination system on the one hand, and an object- and image-surface supporting means on the other hand, are arranged for relative movement to retain the object and image surfaces in unity magnification conjugate planes of the catoptric system while effecting a scanning-type exposure of successive portions of the image surface to successively illuminated portions of the object. Fine motion mechanisms permit accurate preliminary adjustment of the object- and image-receiving surfaces relative to each other while under visual examination with the aid of the catoptric image-forming system.

Abstract: A copying apparatus for selectively copying sheet originals and thicker originals such as books and the like comprises various process means as used in an electrophotographic copying apparatus of the type which employs the liquid development and drum type image transfer system. The copying apparatus of the invention includes improvements in such means as original carriage, original transport means, guide for original carriage, original keep cover, means for controlling the operation of the copying apparatus, means for detecting the amount of toner in developing liquid, copy paper feed means, means for controlling the paper feed means, means for separating copy paper from a photosensitive drum, means for conveying copy paper from the feed means to a discharge port, means for repeating copying operation, means for drying and fixing the image on the copy paper, means for supporting the photosensitive medium, etc.

Abstract: An optical system for strip scanning of an object in both directions of relative reciprocal motion between the object and the optical system. The object is first scanned in one direction, then the image orientation is rotated 180.degree. about the axis of propagation for scanning in the reverse direction. Properly oriented images are thus projected onto an image surface and move in the same direction during both directions of scan.

Abstract: In a copier in which a document handling system alternatingly recirculates documents in forward serial order and then in reverse serial order relative to the optical imaging system to provide bi-directional pre-collated copying in which the copies form copy sheet sets which are alternately in forward and reverse serial order. Two copy sheet bins collect alternate copy sheet sets via a copy sheet output control which alternatingly switches the path of the copy sheets between these two bins in response to the switching between the forward and reverse serial order of copying of the documents. The first bin provides face-up stacking of the copy sheets to re-establish forward serial order collation and the second bin provides face-down stacking to maintain forward serial collation, cooperatively with the copy sheet output control.

Abstract: An optical system for strip scanning of an object in both directions of relative reciprocal motion between the object and the optical system. The object is first scanned in one direction, then the optical axis between object and image is rotated 180.degree. for scanning in the reverse direction. Properly oriented images are thus projected onto a photoreceptor during both directions of scan.

Abstract: A document copying machine is disclosed, of the type in which the original moves reciprocally relative to an illumination slot so as to be exposed line-by-line from one end to the other, a receptor element, which may be a copy sheet taken from a supply stack, a selenium drum or other receptor surface, moving in one direction and having an image of the original transmitted to it by image beam guide devices located between the illumination slot and the receptor element. The machine has double the productive capacity of conventional copying machines where there is relative movement of the original and the exposure or illumination slot, in that a copy-producing image is transmitted, on relative movement of the original and the slot in one direction, on to a receptor element and a second copy-producing image is transmitted, on opposite relative movement of the original and the slot, on to a second receptor element or on to the same receptor element moved to a further position.

Abstract: In a copying apparatus having an original carriage and an optical system, a reciprocating movement control device comprises a drive source for driving a photosensitive medium and drive transmission means effective only during forward movement to transmit the drive of the drive source to cause relative movement of the original carriage and the optical system. Righting moment accumulator means is provided for accumulating therein a righting moment with the aid of the drive source during the forward movement to cause backward movement of the original carriage or the optical system. The drive transmission means may be released by a scanning completion signal to thereby permit the righting moment accumulated in the accumulator means during forward movement to backwardly move the original carriage or the optical system and to control the speed of the backward movement.

Abstract: An automatic reproducing machine having a control system for cycling out the machine. The control system includes elements for sensing the trail edge of the copy sheet and for generating signals indicative thereof. A circuit responsive to the trail edge signal is provided for cycling out and stopping the copying operation of the reproducing machine. In an alternative embodiment cycle out is responsive to both document original and copy sheet trail edge signals.

Abstract: Automatic electrostatographic reproduction apparatus in which an image to be reproduced is moved during imaging thereof on to a moving photoconductive plate. The apparatus includes a simple and effective drive for the image carrier. The drive is particularly suited for use in apparatus incorporating an intermediate image storage device as the image carrier to enable signal encoded images, the components of which are displayed sequentially, to be stored and displayed in a format acceptable to the electrostatographic processor. The drive permits the image carrier to be driven synchronously with the photoconductive plate while enabling the image carrier to be held stationary without interrupting the reproduction process. Thus the image storage device may, following scanning thereof, be held stationary for receiving and storing a fresh image while the previous image is still being treated in the electrostatographic processor.

Abstract: An optical system, particularly for use in an electrostatic copier of the type in which a document is scanned as it moves through an object plane, and an image transmitted to a photoconductive element which is moving through an image plane. A plurality of optical systems each including a lens of short focal length and a roof mirror, are adapted to transmit a portion of an illuminated object plane along parallel light paths. The images thus transmitted are so oriented with respect to each other as to form an integrated image on a receiving surface located at an image plane. In one embodiment the receiving surface is in the nature of a transfer mechanism which has the image cast thereupon in wrong reading orientation, and which mechanically transfers the image, in right reading orientation, to a copy sheet. By introducing an additional plane mirror into the system, the image can be converted to a right reading image for projection directly on a moving copy sheet at an image plane.

Abstract: A rotatable "Y" scan mirror for a flat field scanning system is provided whereby the mirror is shifted in opposite directions transverse to its pivotable axis and is simultaneously rotated in one direction during a scanning cycle. A pair of cams is mounted on a common rotatable shaft for rotation therewith. One of the cams actuates a link connected to a pivot pin on which the mirror rotates. The other cam actuates an arm which is connected to the mirror to rotate the same. The cams are so designed to cause shifting of the mirror to maintain a constant length optical path to the medium being scanned and to cause rotation of the mirror in such a manner that the rate of scanning across the medium will be constant.

Abstract: A copying apparatus capable of copying sheet originals and thick originals comprises sheet original transport means for transporting a sheet original, thick original carrier means for carrying thereon a thick original, optical means for projecting the image of an original upon a photosensitive member, copy process means for processing copies, and drive means for operating the copy process means. At least a part of the optical means is movable to selectively form an exposure surface at the position of the sheet original exposure surface of the sheet original transport means or the thick original exposure surface of the thick original carrier means.

Abstract: A three-fold mirror array for a scanning projection system to permit placing the object and image of an annular reflective projection system in an orientation which facilitates scanning and yields an image symmetry identical to that obtained with contact printing in which three folding flats are combined with an annular field projection system. The three folding flats are incorporated in a monolithic assembly having a 90.degree. groove on one side and a fold surface perpendicular to the other folding surfaces on the other side of the assembly thereby permitting a simple pivoting scanning mechanism to be used for scanning a field larger than the narrow annular field available in the projection system.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine of the type in which the optical system is fixed in the machine frame, an original to be copied is placed on a moving support disposed at the upper portion of the machine frame and a sheet of electrophotographic copying paper is introduced, synchronously with the movement of the original, from a paper feed device to a passage for transport of copying paper to effect the copying operation; wherein during each copying cycle the support moves from a home position to a start of scanning position, reverses its direction to move during the scanning operation by a variable distance equal to the length of the copy to an end of scanning position, and returns to the home position.

Abstract: An electrostatic copying machine which has a carriage for a documents original reciprocably movable at the upper side of the machine casing above a scanning aperture and which has an L-shaped light tunnel between the scanning aperture and the exposure station also has an L-shaped path for copy sheets through the machine. A copy sheet moves vertically downwardly in a straight line from a stack holder through electrostatic charging means and an exposure station and is turned to a horizontal path by a curved plate in a subsequent developing unit. The stack holder may be of the cassette type having a window through which the number of remaining copy sheets can be observed.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying apparatus of slit exposure type comprises a sheet original conveyor mechanism provided on top of the machine housing, and an original carriage having a transparent sheet of glass or the like provided contiguously with the frame of the conveyor mechanism. When a sheet original is to be copied, such original is transported by the sheet original conveyor mechanism for a through-slit exposure. When a thick original such as book or the like is to be copied, the original carriage with the thick original thereon is forced to move with the conveyor mechanism to disconnect the mechanism from its drive system but connect the drive system to the original carriage, whereafter the carriage is moved for the thick original thereon to be subjected to a through-slit exposure.

Abstract: A copying apparatus in which thin or thick originals such as individual sheets or thick books are selectively driven over an illumination slit aperture, characterized by a transparent book support such as a glass plate connected to a known transport mechanism for individual sheets such as a pair of transport rolls. The book support is located on the extension of the transport mechanism, and the transport mechanism and the book support are selectively movable together.