Abstract: Electrochromic devices with multi-layer conductors including one or more of a defect mitigation insulating layer, a color tuning layer and metal layer pair, and a transparent conductive oxide layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a laminated glazing having an information acquisition system viewing area formed to have a pattern in optical power.

Abstract: A flexible variable emissivity electrochromic device and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The device includes a working electrode, a gel electrolyte layer, and a counter electrode sequentially from top to bottom. The working electrode includes a flexible polymer film and a metal film, the flexible polymer film is a surface-modified film and/or a film with a transition layer plated on a lower side thereof, and the metal film is deposited on the surface-modified film or the transition layer. The electrolyte layer includes a porous membrane and an electrolyte. The electrolyte is infiltrated in the porous membrane. The electrolyte includes an electrochromic material containing metal ions and a solvent, the metal ions enable reversible electrodeposition and dissolution, and metal of the metal ions is different from that used in the metal film. The preparation method includes preparing and assembling a working electrode, a gel electrolyte layer and a counter electrode.

Abstract: A vehicular driver monitoring system includes a camera disposed at a mirror head of an interior rearview mirror assembly of a vehicle and viewing within an interior cabin of the vehicle. The camera includes a lens and an image sensor. The camera is operable to capture color image data. Electronic circuitry of an electronic control unit (ECU) includes an image processor for processing color image data captured by the camera. With a driver of the vehicle sitting in a driver seat of the vehicle, light reflected off the eyes of the driver impinges at the lens of the camera. The vehicular driver monitoring system, via processing at the ECU of color image data captured by the camera, determines a deficiency in captured color image data arising from light impinging at the lens.

Abstract: A light path control member according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the first substrate; a second electrode disposed under the second substrate; and a light conversion part disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein: the light conversion part includes a plurality of partition wall portions and a plurality of receiving portions which are alternately arranged; a light conversion material comprising a dispersion and multiple light conversion particles dispersed in the dispersion is disposed in the receiving portions; and the dispersion comprises a material having a carbon number of 2 to 13.

Abstract: An anti-glare apparatus includes a lens assembly having an incident side, the lens assembly including a layer of liquid crystal molecules, a first driving electrode and a second driving electrode respectively on both sides of the layer of the liquid crystal molecules, the first driving electrode or the second driving electrode including a plurality of sub-electrodes; a reflective layer on a side of the lens assembly opposite from the incident side; a camera, configured to acquire a human eye's position and acquire an intensity signal of incident light irradiating the incident side of the lens assembly; and a controller electrically connected to the first driving electrode, the second driving electrode, and the camera; where the controller is configured to adjust driving voltages of the sub-electrode based on the intensity signal of the incident light acquire by the camera to change the optical axis direction of the lens assembly.

Abstract: A terminal device and an infrared light transmission method are provided. A proximity light emission component and an infrared remote control emission component of the terminal device are in a shared mode. The proximity light emission component and the infrared remote control emission component share a same infrared lamp, lampshade, and appearance hole. A function of infrared remote control or a function of proximity light detection may be performed as required through one appearance hole, which can simplify hardware design and help to reduce costs. In addition, an infrared top path parallel to a screen of the terminal device and an infrared forward path perpendicular to the screen of the terminal device may be constructed based on an internal structure of the lampshade, and infrared light is transmitted through the infrared top path and the infrared forward path.

Abstract: A system such as a vehicle may have adjustable structures such as adjustable windows. Adjustable windows may have adjustable layers such as adjustable tint layers, adjustable reflectivity layers, and adjustable haze layers. Adjustable window layers may be incorporated into a window with one or more transparent structural layers such as a pair of glass window layers. Adjustable components such as adjustable reflectivity layers, adjustable haze layers, and adjustable tint layers may be interposed between the pair of glass window layers. Fixed partially reflective mirrors, fixed tint layers, and/or fixed haze layers may be used in place of adjustable tint, haze, and reflectivity layers and/or may be incorporated into windows in addition to adjustable tint, haze, and reflectivity layers.

Abstract: A method for assembling an electrochromic mirror reflective element includes providing front and rear glass substrates, disposing a transparent electrically conductive coating at a second surface of the front glass substrate, and disposing an electrically conductive coating at a third surface of the rear glass substrate. The front and rear glass substrates are joined via a perimeter seal and an electrochromic medium is disposed within an interpane cavity established between the front glass substrate and the rear glass substrate and bounded by the perimeter seal. With the front glass substrate joined with the rear glass substrate, and with the electrochromic medium disposed within the interpane cavity, the first and second perimeter edges are ground to round the first and second perimeter edges to provide a rounded perimeter edge of the electrochromic mirror reflective element that has a radius of curvature of at least 2.5 mm.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variable optical transmission windows and window panels (VLTP) which are used for architectural applications such as building entryway systems and windows. The optical transmission of the VLTPs is reversibly changed by applying an electrical voltage. This disclosure includes combination of more than one VLTP in a single window which darken to different colors. This disclosure is directed to the use and powering of such panels in door and windows. The doors and windows having these VLTPs may also have other electronic devices which provide added user functionality.

Abstract: An internal multi-function rearview device for use with a vehicle includes a rearview element comprising at least one of a reflective element, a camera, or a display element; a housing configured to be attached to the vehicle and configured to be moveable relative to the vehicle; a bezel configured to be affixed to an opening defined by the housing and configured to surround the rearview element; and a foot configured to be fixed to the vehicle and relative to which the housing and bezel is moveable. The bezel is coated and a coating of the bezel is at least one of a decorative coating, an advanced surface technology, or a spectrally controlling system, and the rearview element is coupled to at least one of the bezel or the housing.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices having buffer layer(s) that promote electron transfer between the second transparent electrode and second electrochromic layer while concurrently reducing or inhibiting deleterious chemical interaction between the second electrochromic layer and the second electrode and/or maintaining the conductive state of the second electrode and while the device changes the from a low transparency state of approximately 10-20% transmittance in the visible region to a high transparency state of approximately 75% to 95% transmittance in the visible region with at least a 70% difference in transmittance between the low and high transmittance states. In certain aspects, the electrochromic devices change from a low transparency state having a gray color to a high transparency state that is substantially colorless within 20 seconds of applying the selective electrical potential to the electrochromic device.

Abstract: Dynamic windows with adjustable tint give users greater control over flow of light and heat. Reversible metal electrodeposition dynamic windows include (i) a transparent or translucent conductive electrode; (ii) an electrolyte solution in contact with the electrode, the electrolyte solution comprising metal cations that are reversibly electrodeposited onto the transparent electrode upon application of a cathodic potential; and (iii) a counter electrode. The electrolyte solution advantageously includes a small amount of an additive (e.g., an inhibitor, an accelerator, a leveler, or an organic or inorganic molecule that similarly serves to enhance the surface morphology of the metal cations during reversible metal electrodeposition onto the transparent electrode). Such enhancement of surface morphology during the reversible electrodeposition of the metal tinting layer over the electrode enhances one or more of color neutrality, transmittance characteristics of visible wavelengths (e.g.

Abstract: An electrophoretic medium comprises a plurality of core-shell particles and a non-polar fluid. The core-shell particles comprise an organic pigment particles core and a shell comprising a metal oxide layer and a silane layer. The metal oxide layer may have a thickness of 0.4 to 2 nm. It may be formed using a fluidized bed reactor by inserting the organic pigment into the reactor as a powder bed, contacting the powder bed with a gaseous stream comprising a metal oxide precursor and an inert gas, and contacting the powder bed with a gaseous stream of a reagent and an inert gas. The silane layer is formed from a silane compound comprising a first functional group, wherein the first functional group reacts with the metal oxide.

Abstract: A lighting system may include a lamp assembly including a lens assembly, wherein the lens assembly includes a first section and a second section, wherein the first and second sections each include a material having variable light transmissivity in response to an applied voltage, and wherein the light transmissivity of the first section is adjustable independent of the light transmissivity of the second section.

Abstract: An assembly set for assembling an external rearview system for a motor vehicle is provided. The external rearview system when assembled may include a base assembly provided for arrangement on the motor vehicle, and a head assembly attached to the base assembly. The assembly set may include (i) a first head assembly comprising a first rearview device comprising at least one reflective element in form of a mirror glass, and (ii) a second head assembly with at least one component of a camera monitor system. The head assembly may be configured to be detachable and is selected to be the first or second head assembly, with the first and second head assembly being exchangeable with each other.

Abstract: An anti-glare apparatus (100), includes a lens assembly (120) having an incident side and a reflective layer (110) on the side of the lens assembly opposite from the incident side. The lens assembly includes a layer of liquid crystal molecules, a first driving electrode (132) and a second driving electrode (131) respectively on both sides of the layer of the liquid crystal molecules; at least one of the first driving electrode or the second driving electrode comprises a plurality of sub-electrodes. The lens assembly is configured to change an optical axis direction of the lens assembly by adjusting a driving voltage of at least one of the plurality of sub-electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrochromic element, device, and product, and a manufacturing method therefor. The electrochromic device (7) comprises: an electrochromic yarn (6), an ion storage yarn (18), and a power source (8), wherein the electrochromic yarn (6) contains a first flexible conductive yarn (5) and an electrochromic layer (4) coated on a surface layer of the first flexible conductive yarn (5); the ion storage yarn (18) contains a second flexible conductive yarn (1) and an ion storage layer (17) coated on a surface layer of the second flexible conductive yarn (1); and the first flexible conductive yarn (5) is electrically connected to a negative electrode of the power source (8), and the second flexible conductive yarn (1) is electrically connected to a positive electrode of the power source (8). The electrochromic device (7) can achieve a clear color development effect and make an electrochromic material have a good fastness.

Abstract: A vehicular exterior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror head mounted at a mounting structure. An electro-optic reflective element is attached at an attachment element that attaches at an electrically powered actuator accommodated by the mirror head. The reflective element has a front glass substrate having a first thickness less than 2.3 mm and a rear glass substrate having a second thickness less than or equal to 1.6 mm. The first and second perimeter edges of the glass substrates combine to provide a curved transition from a first surface of the front glass substrate and an outer surface of the mirror head. The mirror head includes a protruding portion that is at least partially received at a notched region of the rear glass substrate. An outer surface of the protruding portion corresponds with the second perimeter edge of the rear glass substrate at the notched region.

Abstract: A display device includes a liquid crystal display including a first liquid crystal display panel that displays a character or an image; a decorative member; and a controller that controls the display of the liquid crystal display. The decorative member is disposed on a display surface side of the liquid crystal display, and includes a display region in which the display of the liquid crystal display is transparently displayed, and a non-display region adjacent to the display region. The controller controls a luminance through the decorative member of a black display of the liquid crystal display to a luminance invisible to a user, and controls the luminance through the decorative member of a low-gradation region, except for the black display, of the liquid crystal display to a luminance visible to the user.

Abstract: A hidden lighting lamp uses a color conversion material and is applied to a vehicle. A color conversion member is spaced apart from a light source by a light source air gap (La) such that the color conversion member is integrally engaged with a lens for projecting light of the light source to the outside or such that the color conversion member is spaced apart from the lens by a lens air gap (Lb). Hidden lighting without deterioration of optical efficiency of LED light from the light source is thereby implemented. One or more of a black painting, a coating layer, an application layer, and a deposition layer are provided, thereby providing concealment of the lamp inner space of the lens, anti-peeling of a deposit, and diversity of fluorescent color.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a capsule composed of a polymeric shell surrounding a core, wherein the core contains a silicone containing compound. The dispersion is suitable for pre-treatment liquids and inkjet inks in textile printing.

Abstract: An electrochromic mirror module including a light-transmissive substrate, an opaque touch sensing layer and an electrochromic device is provided. The light-transmissive substrate has a visible surface and a back surface disposed opposite to the visible surface. The opaque touch sensing layer and the electrochromic layer are disposed on the back surface. Distribution areas of the opaque touch sensing layer and the electrochromic layer are different on the back surface. An electrochromic mirror module including reflective layer and electrochromic device is also provided.

Abstract: A multicolor electrochromic structure comprises a working electrode, an electrolyte and an auxiliary electrode. The electrolyte is distributed between the working electrode and the auxiliary electrode. The working electrode comprises an electrochromic layer which comprises a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface arranged face to face in parallel. A dielectric layer is arranged between the first and the second reflective surfaces. The first and the second reflective surfaces and the dielectric layer form an optical cavity. The dielectric layer is fabricated by an electrochromic material. The multicolor electrochromic structure can combine a structural color with electrochromism to display various color changes; it features a simple structure, low costs and a wide application prospect, and it is easy to be fabricated.

Abstract: Vehicle exterior lighting systems may be equipped with fascia mounted lamp assemblies. The proposed systems are capable of controlling a fascia lamp assembly to reveal the lamp assembly within the vehicle fascia and then produce various lighting effects based on sensed vehicle conditions. Exemplary fascia lamp assemblies may include a conductive lens that can be charged in order to reveal the lamp assembly within the vehicle fascia.

Abstract: A multi-function rearview device for use with a vehicle includes a housing configured to be attached to the vehicle and to be moveable relative to the vehicle, a rearview element including at least one of a reflective element, a camera and a display element, a bezel formed at an outer portion of the multi-function rearview device surrounding the rearview element, with the rearview element being attached to at least one of the bezel and the housing, one or more light assemblies providing at least one or more light function indications, including a Human Machine Interface (HMI), and at least one sensor, the sensor controlling the one or more light assemblies or the display element.

Abstract: An electrochromic device according to an embodiment includes a first transparent conductive layer, an ion storage layer, an electrolyte layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer includes a tantalum atom. The electrochromic layer includes a tungsten atom. The ion storage layer includes an iridium atom and a tantalum atom. The ion storage layer is hydrogenated in bleached state and the electrochromic device has a transmittance of 64.1% or more in bleached state. A difference between the transmittance of the electrochromic device in bleached state and the transmittance of the electrochromic device in colored state is 8.4% or more.

Abstract: A source driver includes a latch unit sequentially retrieving a video data signal for each data row corresponding to each of a first to n th horizontal scanning lines of the display panel, an overdrive arithmetic circuit calculating an overdrive value of the drive voltage applied to the pixel portions on an N th line based on a comparison result of comparing the data row corresponding to the N th line among the first to n th horizontal scanning lines and the data row corresponding to an (N?1) th line and a distance to the N th line from the source driver, and a voltage output unit generating the drive voltage applied to the pixel portions on the N th line based on the data row corresponding to the N th line and the overdrive value to output to the source line.

Abstract: A method for assembling an electro-optic mirror reflective element for a vehicular rearview mirror assembly includes providing a container having a plurality of holes for dispensing spacer beads, supporting the container over a dispensing area via an electrically powered shaking device, positioning a glass substrate at the dispensing area, and automatically shaking the container so that spacer beads fall through the holes in the container and onto the glass substrate. The shaking of the container is controlled so that the shaking device is deactivated after an appropriate amount of spacer beads are dispensed onto the glass substrate. The glass substrate is mated with another glass substrate with the dispensed spacer beads between the glass substrates and bounded by a perimeter seal. The cavity between the glass substrates is filled with an electro-optic medium, and the cavity is sealed with the electro-optic medium and spacer beads disposed therein.

Abstract: An electronic curtain includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an electrochromic element. At least one of the first electrode or the second electrode includes a plurality of conductive layers stacked and in contact with each other. The electrochromic element is sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: A vehicular exterior rearview mirror assembly includes a mirror head adjustably disposed at a mounting structure. An electro-optic reflective element is attached at an attachment element that attaches at an electrically powered actuator disposed in the mirror head. The attachment element includes a protruding portion that is at least partially received at a notched region of the rear glass substrate when the reflective element is disposed at the attachment element. An outer surface of the protruding portion of the attachment element corresponds with the second perimeter edge of the rear glass substrate at the notched region of the rear glass substrate. With the electro-optic reflective element disposed at the mirror head, the outer surface of the protruding portion provides a curved transition from an outer surface of the mirror head toward the first surface of the front glass substrate.

Abstract: This disclosure provides configurations, methods of use, and methods of fabrication for a bus bar of an optically switchable device. In one aspect, an apparatus includes a substrate and an optically switchable device disposed on a surface of the substrate. The optically switchable device has a perimeter with at least one corner including a first side, a second side, and a first vertex joining the first side and the second side. A first bus bar and a second bus bar are affixed to the optically switchable device and configured to deliver current and/or voltage for driving switching of the device. The first bus bar is proximate to the corner and includes a first arm and a second arm having a configuration that substantially follows the shape of the first side, the first vertex, and the second side of the corner.

Abstract: An electronic device includes electrode layers and supports. The electrode layers and supports include an electrode layer and a support on each of both sides of an electronic functional layer in a thickness direction. Taking-out electrode parts from the electrode layers are exposed in a plane region of at least one of the supports on the both sides.

Abstract: An illuminated eyewear device is described. The illuminated eyewear device comprises a transparent substrate and one or more light sources mounted around the perimeter of the transparent substrate. The output of the one or more light sources is arranged to be coupled into, and propagates within, the transparent substrate. Applied to an inner surface of the transparent substrate are a plurality of refractive light scattering means designed to break the condition for total internal reflection of the light generated by the one or more light sources. As well as being mobile, compact and easy to integrate into everyday life, the above described illuminated eyewear device address the known problem of glare experienced by users of those devices known in the art since the light sources are not directly imaged into the user eye.

Abstract: An electrochromic light adjusting member sequentially includes a transparent substrate, a light transmitting electrically conductive layer, and an electrochromic light adjusting layer. The light transmitting electrically conductive layer sequentially includes a first indium-based electrically conductive oxide layer, a metal layer, and a second indium-based electrically conductive oxide layer.

Abstract: A visual range adjustment component and a driving method thereof, a visual range adjustment device, and a display device are disclosed. The visual range adjustment component includes a first substrate; a second substrate; an electrolyte layer; and a plurality of electrochromic elements. Each of the plurality of electrochromic elements includes a first transparent electrode, two second transparent electrodes and an electrochromic layer; the first transparent electrode is located on a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate and the second transparent electrode is located on a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate; the electrolyte layer is arranged to be in contact with the first transparent electrode, the second transparent electrode, and the electrochromic layer, respectively; the first transparent electrode and the two second transparent electrodes respectively drive the electrochromic layer to change color through the electrolyte layer to adjust a visual range.

Abstract: A display system for a vehicle comprises a display device disposed inside a passenger compartment of the vehicle. The passenger compartment is configured to receive light from a first polarization filter disposed on a light-transmissive panel of the vehicle. The first polarization filter is oriented in a first orientation and the display device is configured to display video data from a display screen. The display device comprises an electro-optic element comprising a plurality of substrates and a second polarization filter disposed on at least one of the plurality of substrates. The second polarization filter is oriented in a second orientation parallel to the first orientation.

Abstract: A display control device includes: an illuminance acquisition unit configured to acquire surrounding illuminance of a display unit on the basis of one or both of first illuminance detected by a first illuminance sensor and second illuminance detected by a second illuminance sensor; a storage unit configured to store correspondence information in which illuminance is associated with target luminance; a luminance control unit configured to control luminance of a screen of the display unit on the basis of the acquired illuminance and the correspondence information; and an abnormality detection unit configured to detect an abnormality of at least the first illuminance sensor. The luminance control unit acquires the target luminance associated with the surrounding illuminance of the display unit from the correspondence information on the basis of the surrounding illuminance when the abnormality of the first illuminance sensor is not detected.

Abstract: This disclosure includes variable light transmission panels (VLTPs), which can be incorporated into buildings. Disclosed windows provide uniform appearance from outside during the day when a number of such windows are incorporated in a building regardless of their state of light transmission. These disclosures may also be used to make windows which tint to different transmitted colors but during the day still appear to be uniform from outside.

Abstract: A backlight module includes a light guide plate, a light source and a surface deposition layer. The light guide plate has a light incident surface, an opposite surface opposite the light incident surface, and a light exit surface connected between the light incident surface and the opposite surface. The light source is disposed adjacent to the light incident surface, and a surface deposition layer is at least provided on a part of the opposite surface and a part of the light exit surface. The surface deposition layer includes an opaque material or a low light-transmittance material and has a thickness of smaller than 0.1 mm.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a cover plate, a method for preparing the same, and a display device. The cover plate provided by the present disclosure is applied to a display device. The cover plate includes two main surfaces that are arranged opposite to each other and a side surface connecting the two main surfaces, in which a groove is formed in the side surface, and a chromogenic material layer and a chromogenic control structure for controlling the chromogenic material layer are arranged in the groove.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a screen configured to be positioned on a vehicle exterior and a housing associated with the screen. The housing is comprised of a first material that is electrically conductive and thermally conductive and a second material is positioned to extend between an exterior surface of the housing and a vehicle structure, wherein the second material is thermally conductive.

Abstract: A display device includes a window and a display panel coupled to a bottom surface of the window. The display panel has a substantially regular tetragonal shape or a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, and the window includes a base member and a bezel layer on a bottom surface of the base member. Between one and three light-transmissive main alignment marks and a transmission area having a different shape than that of the display panel are defined in the bezel layer, and each of the main alignment marks is arranged at a position corresponding to a vertex of the display panel or at a position corresponding to a vertex of an imaginary regular tetragon or of an imaginary rectangle that has the same center point as the display panel and that is larger than the display panel.

Abstract: A vehicular vision system includes a side-viewing camera mounted within an exterior rearview mirror assembly attached at a side of a vehicle equipped with the vehicular vision system. The side-viewing camera has a field of view at least sideward of the side of the equipped vehicle at which the exterior rearview mirror assembly is attached. The side-viewing camera captures an image of a scene occurring exterior of the equipped vehicle. The captured image includes an image data set representative of the exterior scene. A control includes an image processor, and the image data set is provided to the control. The control processes a reduced image data set of the image data set provided to the control to detect edges present exterior of the equipped vehicle within an area of interest of the scene occurring exterior of the equipped vehicle that is within the field of view of the side-viewing camera.

Abstract: An interior rearview mirror assembly for a vehicle includes a mirror casing and a mirror reflective element having a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate with an electro-optic medium sandwiched therebetween and bounded by a perimeter seal. A front substrate has a rounded perimeter edge region that has a radius of curvature of at least 2.5 mm and that spans between a front side and a rear side of the front substrate. The rear side of the front substrate is adhesively attached at a first surface of the first glass substrate of the mirror reflective element. The rounded perimeter edge region of the front substrate is exterior the mirror casing and provides a smooth continuous transition between the front side of the front substrate and a side wall surface of the mirror casing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electronic device. An electronic device according to various embodiments may include an optical sensor and a display panel. The display panel may include a first substrate, a second substrate, a pixel layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, the pixel layer having at least one opening in at least a portion thereof, and a light-transmissive member comprising a light-transmissive material disposed in at least a portion of the opening and having a second reflective index corresponding to a first reflective index of the second substrate. The optical sensor may be disposed below the second substrate and at least partially overlap a predetermined area of the display panel corresponding to the opening.

Abstract: A multi-aperture imaging device includes an image sensor and an array of optical channels, wherein each optical channel includes an optic for imaging at least a part of a total field of view onto an image sensor region of the image sensor. The multi-aperture imaging device includes a beam-deflector including at least one beam-deflecting element for deflecting an optical path of an optical channel, wherein each optical channel is assigned a beam-deflecting element. The beam-deflecting element is configured to have a transparent state of a controllable surface based on first electric control and to have a reflecting state of the controllable surface based on a second electric control in order to deflect the optical path.

Abstract: A portable lighting device control module configured to intuitively adjust lighting operations of a portable lighting device by interpreting real-time user gestures and external conditions of the portable lighting device to modifying lighting operations in response thereto.

Abstract: An electrochromic device including a selective membrane separating two liquid media including at least one electrochromic compound and at least one compound able to be oxidized or reduced and showing low energy consumption.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices having buffer layer(s) that promote electron transfer between the second transparent electrode and second electrochromic layer while concurrently reducing or inhibiting deleterious chemical interaction between the second electrochromic layer and the second electrode and/or maintaining the conductive state of the second electrode and while the device changes the from a low transparency state of approximately 10-20% transmittance in the visible region to a high transparency state of approximately 75% to 95% transmittance in the visible region with at least a 70% difference in transmittance between the low and high transmittance states. In certain aspects, the electrochromic devices change from a low transparency state having a gray color to a high transparency state that is substantially colorless within 20 seconds of applying the selective electrical potential to the electrochromic device. Also disclosed are methods of making the electrochromic devices.