Abstract: A system for inspecting a wire segment includes an inspection apparatus and a visual imaging device. The apparatus includes an array of mirrors positioned about a centerline of the apparatus, wherein each mirror in the array is oriented such that a reflection of a first inspection zone of the wire segment in the array of mirrors forms a circumferential view of the first inspection zone of the wire segment, and the reflection from each mirror is within a field of view from a single vantage point. The visual imaging device is positioned at the single vantage point and oriented towards the wire segment such that the reflection from each mirror of the array of mirrors is within a field of view of the visual imaging device, the visual imaging device configured to capture at least one image of the reflection of the wire segment from the array of mirrors.

Abstract: A disclosed medical observation system includes a capturing unit operable to capture an image of an observation target; and a light projection unit operable to project light on the observation target, outside a capturing area that is captured by the capturing unit and in a periphery of the capturing area, the light enabling recognition of a capturing state of the capturing unit.

Abstract: A system for replicating a standardized visual acuity test, such as the 20? Snellen test may comprise a binocular viewer attached to a smartphone. A binocular viewer may comprise a housing comprising a pair tube covers having voids allowing for viewing through a pair of lens tubes with each lens tube in visual communication with a second lens a first lens an aperture and a front cover. The optical systems use an artful combination of front and back lens surfaces, demagnification and other systems to faithfully replicate the sight lines perceived by a user of a traditional 20? test. The system also allows for the incorporation of other tests conducted with both eyes including Color Sensitivity and Contrast, furthermore by placing a deformable, tunable lens between the second lens and the eye the device serves as an ophthalmic refractometer, allowing a Spherical Equivalent refraction estimate for each eye.

Abstract: A lens attachment module is configured for coupling with a zoom module of a finite conjugate optical assembly. The lens attachment module includes a lens assembly that has a positive focal length, and exhibits a pupil size of between 16 and 25 mm and a pupil depth greater than 50 mm.

Abstract: An image processing method for an augmented reality device, an augmented reality device and a storage medium are provided. The image processing method for the augmented reality device includes: tracking lines of sight of a left eye and a right eye to determine a position of a binocular watching range in a three-dimensional space; shooting an image of an external environment where the augmented reality (AR) device is located, and acquiring environment map point cloud data based on a Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) algorithm; and updating the environment map point cloud data within the binocular watching range in response to detecting an update of the image of the external environment.

Abstract: A method of operating a surgical microscope includes detecting an amount of movement of a body portion of a user, and performing movements of a camera and changes in a magnification based on the detected movements of the body portion. The amounts of these movements and changes decrease with increasing magnification provided by the surgical microscope, they decrease with decreasing distance of the body portion of the user from the display, and they decrease with decreasing distance of the cameras from the field of view of the cameras.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a topological charge of one of more optical beams. For single beams, a trapezoidal optical element having a front face and an opposing rear face that is not parallel to the front face is oriented so that the optical beam is reflected in a direction other than along the optical path. The reflection of the optical beam by the trapezoidal optical element produces an interference pattern that can be captured by an optical imager and that can be decoded to determine the topological charge of the optical beam. For a plurality of superpositioned beams, an air spaced trapezoidal optical element may oriented to reflect the plurality of beams onto an optical imager to capture the interference pattern. The interference pattern may be interpreted to identify the topological charge of each of the plurality of optical beams.

Abstract: A medical observation apparatus includes: a microscope; a support that movably supports the microscope, and includes plural arm portions and plural joint portions each of which connects two of the arm portions and rotatably holds one of the arm portions around a predetermined shaft portion with respect to the other of the arm portions; and one or plural cables inserted into an interior of the support. The shaft portion has a cylindrical shape into which the one or the plural cables can be inserted. A joint portion, of the plural joint portions, that connects two arm portions in which extending directions are orthogonal to each other includes a rotating portion rotatable according to rotational power of the shaft portion, and a restraining portion positioned where a central axis thereof is offset from a central axis and that is capable of restraining rotation of the rotating portion.

Abstract: The slit lamp microscope comprises: a slit light optical system including a slit lamp, and a reflecting mirror or prism for reflecting a slit light from the slit lamp toward an eye of an examinee; and a microscope unit including an object lens, binocular eyepiece lenses, a magnification changing section, which changes magnifications of an image formed by light passing through the optical paths, being provided between the object lens and the eyepiece lenses, and an inward angle changing section, which changes a binocular viewing angle, being provided therebetween. A focal distance of the object lens is made shorter, by an optical path length of the inward angle changing section, than that of an object lens equipped with no inward angle changing section. The inward angle changing section is located closer to the object lens than to the magnification changing section.

Abstract: An optical viewing device is constructed having a housing with a passage extending therethrough to permit an observer to view a subject through the passageway. A pair of optical prisms are mounted within the housing and passageway, each prism designated to accommodate one of the observer's eyes. The prisms are mounted for rotation upon an axis substantially perpendicular to the observer's line of sight through the passageway. Limited inter-prism rotation is permitted to accommodate variations in the observer's left and right eyes. A filter supporting means is provided to support selected colored optical filters to be placed adjacent the opening of the housing to permit the observer to view a subject through the passageway, prisms, and optical filters.

Abstract: A surgical microscope has an upper face provided with a light beam outlet. An assistant scope is mounted on the light beam outlet, and is rotatable in a horizontal plane so as to direct in any direction in the plane.

Abstract: Various exemplary surgical tool and robotic surgical system interfaces are provided. In general, a sterile barrier can be positioned between a robotic surgical system and a surgical tool releasably coupled to the robotic surgical system. The surgical tool can be in a sterile environment on one side of the sterile barrier, and the robotic surgical system can be in a non-sterile environment on the other, opposite side of the sterile barrier. The robotic surgical system can be configured to control movement of the surgical tool releasably coupled thereto using a magnetic field that extends across the sterile barrier between the surgical tool and the robotic surgical system.

Abstract: Dual magnification systems and apparatuses for testing and viewing a single objective in a scanning optical microscope and methods of using the systems and apparatuses are provided. Two optical paths allow two wavelengths of light to be magnified to separate magnification levels such that a lower magnification optical path can be used to examine a target area while a higher magnification optical path can be used to examine a subset of the target area and elicit test sample responses to localize a condition of interest.

Abstract: Provided is a medical observation apparatus including: a columnar microscope unit configured to image a minute part of an object to be observed with magnification and thereby output an imaging signal; and a support unit including a first joint unit holding the microscope unit in a rotationally movable manner around a first axis parallel to a height direction of the microscope unit, a first arm unit holding the first joint unit and extending in a direction different from the height direction of the microscope unit, a second joint unit holding the first arm unit in a rotationally movable manner around a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, and a second arm unit holding the second joint unit.

Abstract: A microscope that comprises a unibody core having a unibody front and a unibody side, a carrier ring rotatably coupled to said unibody front to rotate components from an upright to an inverted configuration, wherein said carrier ring has the general form of a torus, an objective turret coupled within said carrier ring, a condenser lens coupled within said carrier ring, gliding rails coupled to said unibody core, a camera coupled to said unibody core, a gliding stage extensibly coupled to said gliding rails and an attachment node coupled to said unibody side and moveably coupled to said gliding rails to modulate said gliding stage.

Abstract: Provided is a medical observation apparatus including: a columnar microscope unit configured to image a minute part of an object to be observed with magnification and thereby output an imaging signal; and a support unit including a first joint unit holding the microscope unit in a rotationally movable manner around a first axis parallel to a height direction of the microscope unit, a first arm unit holding the first joint unit and extending in a direction different from the height direction of the microscope unit, a second joint unit holding the first arm unit in a rotationally movable manner around a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, and a second arm unit holding the second joint unit.

Abstract: Dual magnification systems and apparatuses for testing and viewing a single objective in a scanning optical microscope and methods of using the systems and apparatuses are provided. Two optical paths allow two wavelengths of light to be magnified to separate magnification levels such that a lower magnification optical path can be used to examine a target area while a higher magnification optical path can be used to examine a subset of the target area and elicit test sample responses to localize a condition of interest.

Abstract: A surgical camera assembly includes a proximal member defining a longitudinal axis and a distal member defining a pointed tip configured to puncture tissue to permit insertion of the surgical camera assembly therethrough. The distal member is pivotably coupled to the proximal member and is movable relative thereto between a first position, wherein the distal member is aligned with the longitudinal axis, and a second position, wherein the distal member is angled off the longitudinal axis. First and second surgical cameras are disposed within the distal member in fixed position and longitudinally-spaced relative to one another. Each of the cameras is oriented to define a viewing area in a direction extending from an outer lateral periphery of the distal member. The cameras are configured to produce video images that are used in conjunction with one another to provide a three-dimensional video image of the internal surgical site.

Abstract: A microscope system (100) includes a microscope (10) and an observation unit (20) provided separately from the microscope. The microscope includes a microscope objective lens (3), an image pickup element (31) disposed at a position at which an image is formed through the microscope objective lens, and a first control apparatus (32) connected with the image pickup element. The observation unit includes a second control apparatus (21), a display device (22, 22a, 22b) connected with the second control apparatus, and a magnifier optical system (25a, 25b) arranged at a predetermined distance from the display device. The microscope system further includes a communication apparatus (21) for communication between the first control apparatus and the second control apparatus so that an image picked up by the image pickup apparatus is displayed on the display device.

Abstract: Arrangements related to the selective indication of features included on a system are described. A plurality of graphical indicator elements can be provided. Each of the feature graphical indicators can represent a respective feature of a predefined set of features that are potentially included on the system. It can be determined whether one or more features of the predefined set of features are included on the system. In response to determining that one or more features of the predefined set of features are included on the system, the feature graphical indicators corresponding to the detected one or more features can be selectively displayed.

Abstract: A method for inspecting a marine vessel underdeck utilizes a video camera such as a digital video camera with a magnifying or telephoto lens. The method produces a magnified image on a monitor for viewing by an inspector that appears to be no more than about 24 inches (61 cm) away. The method includes the step of filming the uuderdeck of a distance of about 40-70 feet (12-21 m). The lens provides a focal length of between about 15 feet (4.6 m) and 150 feet (46 m). Thus the method is conducted at a workable focal range of between about 15 feet (4.6 m) and 150 feet (46 m). The lens preferably has a focal length of between 30 feet (9 m) and 75 feet (23 m). The method includes the step of scanning the suspect area of the underdeck of a speed of about 1 inch (2.54 cm) per second to three feet (91.4 cm) per second. The preferred method contemplates scanning of the suspect area of a rate of between about 0.5-1 foot (15.2-30.5 cm) per second.

Abstract: A zoom lens includes a first lens unit including one of an SLM or a VFL, a second lens unit being optically coupled between the first lens unit and a focal plane and including one of an SLM or a VFL, and a control unit controlling focal lengths of the first and second lens units. A distance between the first lens unit and the second lens unit and a distance between the second lens unit and the focal plane are invariable. The control unit changes a magnification ratio of the zoom lens by changing the focal lengths of the first and second lens units.

Abstract: The present invention provides multiple improvements to optical-based laser scanning micrometers and providing a small handheld version laser scanning micrometer based on the these improvements. For added accuracy and reduction in unit size, a double sided coated mirror receiver reflects the beam back into the transmitter light source. For added accuracy, a Ronchi rule is repositioned one or more times to calibrate additional lookup table correction values. To compensate for barometric pressure change and temperature, two additional reference edges are added to be combined with the reference edges in the transmitter to generate to null out pressure and temperature at the passline measurement area. To minimize beam errors and for part locating, a third derivative is detected. Two or more parallel scanning beams are generated to null out cosine errors and to measure, taper and spherical parts.

Abstract: A method is provided for a three-dimensional (3D) image processing system including a stereoscopic display device. The method includes providing a stereoscopic image and obtaining a parallax range of the stereoscopic image and a parallax range supported by the stereoscopic display device. The method also includes determining a parallax operation to adjust the parallax range of the stereoscopic image based on the relationship between the parallax range of the stereoscopic image and the parallax range supported by the stereoscopic display device. Further, the method includes determining an offset value and an offset direction of a horizontal coordinate of each pixel of the stereoscopic image, and shifting the horizontal coordinate of each pixel of the stereoscopic image by the offset value and in the offset direction.

Abstract: The image display apparatus includes an observation optical system including first and second optical elements which respectively introducing first and second light fluxes from first and second image-forming elements to first and second exit pupils, and a relay optical system. The relay optical system causes third and fourth light fluxes from the second and first image-forming elements to form intermediate images and introducing them to the first and second optical elements. The observation optical system displays images corresponding to the first and second original images in mutually different viewing angle areas by introducing the first and third light fluxes to the first exit pupil through the first optical element, and displays images corresponding to the second and first original images in mutually different viewing angle areas by introducing the second and fourth light fluxes to the second exit pupil through the second optical element.

Abstract: A stereo microscope capable of not only adjusting the three dimensional effect of stereoscopic image but also focusing exactly even when the three dimensional effect of stereoscopic image is adjusted, is provided. A spacing distance of a pair of zoom unit can be adjusted so that a user can adjust three dimensional effect of image seen through an ocular lens according to personal tendency to improve convenience. Additionally, an object with a depth such as a hole can be exactly observed without interference of a boundary. Further, even though the three dimensional effect of an image is adjusted by adjusting the spacing distance of the pair of zoom units, the to focus of optical system can be exactly adjusted.

Abstract: A variable focus stereoscopic display system includes first and second lenses positioned between a viewer's eyes and a stereoscopic display that alters the distance to the focus plane of the viewer based on the vergence of the viewer's eyes while viewing the stereoscopic display.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an illuminating device for an operating microscope including two observation beam paths for a first observer and two observation beam paths for a second observer. An illuminating system provides two parallel illuminating beam paths and a deflecting device, for deflecting the parallel illuminating beam paths onto an object that is to be observed. The deflecting device includes a first semitransparent deflector element which is associated with a first observation beam path of the first observer and a first observation beam path of the second observer, and a second semitransparent deflector element, which is associated with a second observation beam path of the first observer and a second observation beam path of the second observer. The first illuminating beam path acts exclusively on the first deflector element and the second illuminating beam path acts exclusively on the second deflector element.

Abstract: The embodiments herein provide a dual objective stereomicroscope in which the two objectives are moved independent of each other along an angular axis by a mechanism to provide a stereoscopic image of an object. The microscope has two optical paths formed respectively with an objective lens, a primary mirror, a focusing mirror and an eye piece. The plane of the primary mirror is arranged normal to the plane of the objective lens. The focusing mirror is arranged in parallel to the primary mirror to reflect a beam of light received from the objective lens through the primary mirror to the eye piece. The primary mirror is moved synchronously with the movement of the objective lens.

Abstract: An auxiliary arm attaching structure of a stand apparatus 1 includes a front member 3 that is attached to a support arm 2 of the stand apparatus and has a projection 6. The projection projects in a direction different from a longitudinal direction of the support arm and supports an auxiliary arm 8. Supported with the projection, the auxiliary arm is turnable so that an electronic image display unit 9 attached to a front end of the auxiliary arm is turnable to any position around a surgical microscope 4 supported with the front member.

Abstract: Stereoscopic instruments for viewing stereoscopic images of objects at a range of magnifications are described. The stereoscopic instruments are arranged to provide an optical beam comprising light received from an object over a given angular range, and to split the optical beam into left and right optical beams each traversing a respective optical path. The left and right optical paths each transmit a sub-beam over a respective angular range, the respective angular ranges thereby defining a first angular relationship between the respective sub-beams. Each optical path comprises a first angle adjustment means for adjusting the first angular relationship. Some embodiments also include a means for transmitting images formed from the left and right sub-beams, the images having a second angular relationship related to a vergence angle at which a user's eyes view the object.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope fluorescence system has a light source, a light guide, a focusing lens assembly, a stereomicroscope with two eyepiece receivers, and two eyepiece assemblies. The light guide is operably attached to receive light from the light source to transmit the light to the focusing lens assembly. The focusing lens assembly includes an excitation filter coated on the focusing lens. The eyepiece assemblies each have a barrier filter and are adapted to be mounted on the eyepiece receivers.

Abstract: A microscope system for imaging of an object that can be placed in an object plane of a microscope system includes an imaging system for providing at least one pair of optical imaging paths that include a stereoscopic angle in the object plane. The imaging system includes a first subsystem comprising a first plurality of optical lenses that are commonly traversed by both optical imaging paths of the at least one pair of optical imaging paths. The imaging system also includes a second subsystem comprising a second plurality of optical lenses that are traversed by only one optical imaging path. At least two optical lenses of the first plurality of optical lenses and at least two optical lenses of the second plurality of optical lenses are displaceable relative to one another along a common optical imaging path to respectively vary a magnification of the representation of the object.

Abstract: A method for correcting the parcentricity in zoom systems. The positional difference in the image between at least two different zoom positions is detected in order to explicitly or implicitly determine the position in the image which remains stationary during zooming. The travel lengths of a means for positioning the object in the object plane required for correcting the zoom-dependent parcentricity error are calculated and provided as control variable for the appropriate positioning of the means for positioning the object in the object plane, such that the target position appears stationary in the image after or during zooming.

Abstract: A stereoscopic imaging optical system having a function to adjust a stereo base, an imaging device that includes the stereoscopic imaging optical system, and a camera that includes the imaging device, are provided. The stereoscopic imaging optical system includes two imaging lens systems arranged in parallel, and two diaphragms arranged in the imaging lens systems, respectively. At least one of the diaphragms is decentered with respect to an optical axis to adjust the stereo base. Further, a condition (1.8?SBmax/(fT×tan(?T))?45, where SBmax is a maximum value of the stereo base, fT is a focal length of the optical system at a telephoto limit, and ?T is a half view angle (°) at the telephoto limit) is satisfied.

Abstract: A method for determining a position of a fluid discharge in an underwater environment, the method including: collecting data relating to an underwater area through at least two acoustic sensors; filtering and processing the data collected to identify the presence of the discharged fluid and the underwater area involved; forming a single stereoscopic image by combining the plurality of single three-dimensional images; and estimating the position of the fluid discharge on the basis of the stereoscopic image thus obtained.

Abstract: A surgical fluorescence stereomicroscope (1) for detecting and operating on fluorescing areas of an object field (7) is described, which microscope encompasses a first illumination device (2) for irradiating the object field (7) with light in an excitation wavelength region (E). The surgical fluorescence stereomicroscope (1) further encompasses an observation beam path (21) for guiding the reflected and emitted light received from the object field (7), and a first observation filter (9) in the observation beam path (21) which is transparent in the excitation wavelength region (E) and in a fluorescence wavelength region (F). According to the present invention, means (10a to 10c) for controllable attenuation in the excitation wavelength region (E) are additionally arranged in the observation beam path.

Abstract: A focusing mount includes a focusing frame fixed to a focus tube with at least one lens having an optical axis which is connected to a constraining frame by prismatic joints for enabling movement of the focusing mount along the optical axis without any twisting, lateral, rotational or swing movements.

Abstract: In an embodiment, two retro-focus lens systems are configured to provide a stereoscopic image. In an embodiment, each retro-focus lens system has a low power negative lens group with a long focal length. In an embodiment, each retro focus lens system has an optical component mounted with three points. One optical component is associated with a first of the two retro-focus lenses. The three points may be loosened, such that the optical component may be adjusted in a first direction, which in turn moves the corresponding image in the opposite direction. Another optical component is associated with the other retro focus lens system. The other optical component has a second set of points that may be loosened such that the other optical component may be adjusted in a second direction that is perpendicular to the first direction, moving the corresponding image in the opposite direction from the second direction.

Abstract: A stereoscopic microscopic providing at least one pair of stereoscopic optical paths comprises an objective system, a first focusing lens having a first optical refractive power and a second focusing lens having a second optical refractive power and at least one actuator. The first optical refractive power and the second optical refractive have different signs. The objective system and the first and second focusing lenses are commonly traversed by the at least one pair of stereoscopic optical paths, respectively. The actuator shifts at least one of these first and second focusing lenses along the at least one pair of stereoscopic optical paths to change the working distance and/or to vary an optical refractive power of at least one of these first and second focusing lenses. The first focusing lens is immediately neighboring the objective system along the at least one pair of stereoscopic optical paths.

Abstract: An operating microscope has a main objective (1) that extends along an objective plane and is penetrated by a binocular main observer beam path and a binocular co-observer beam path. The binocular main observer beam path has two main observation pupils (3a, 3b) in the objective plane with centers on a first straight line (7). The binocular co-observer beam path has two co-observation pupils (5a, 5b) in the objective plane with centers on a second straight line (9). The first and second straight lines (7, 9) intersect. The co-observer beam path can be displaced with respect to the main observer beam path so that the angle between the second and first straight line (9, 7) changes. The center point (6) between the co-observation pupils (5a, 5b) in the objective plane displaces when there is a change in the angle between the second and first imagined straight lines (9, 7).

Abstract: A microscope (1) having a principal observer's beam path (2a) and an assistant's beam path (3a, 3b), and having an optical beam splitter device (5, 15) for generating a documentation beam path (4), where the beam splitter device (5, 15) in a first position outcouples the documentation beam path from the principal observer's beam path (2a), and in a second position outcouples it from the assistant's beam path (3b).

Abstract: An operation microscope includes: an ordinary light path that guides light from an observation target to an eyepiece; a first secondary light path branched off from the ordinary light path; a second secondary light path merging with the ordinary light path; an imaging unit that images the observation target using light from the first secondary path; a display unit that displays an image based on an image signal from the imaging unit toward the second secondary path; and a reflector provided at a branch point of the ordinary light path and the first secondary light path in such a manner as to be capable of pulling off the branch point, and that bends the ordinary light path by reflection. The first secondary light path extends from the branch point along an extension of the ordinary light path before being reflected.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope fluorescence system has a light source, a light guide, a focusing lens assembly, a stereomicroscope with two eyepiece receivers, and two eyepiece assemblies. The light guide is operably attached to receive light from the light source to transmit the light to the focusing lens assembly. The focusing lens assembly includes an excitation filter coated on the focusing lens. The eyepiece assemblies each have a barrier filter and are adapted to be mounted on the eyepiece receivers.

Abstract: An optical module for increasing magnification of a microscope includes an objective and an eyepiece between which is an optical path for light to travel. The optical includes light diverging elements for dividing the optical path into two parallel light paths after leaving the objective; and several orthonormally-arranged reflective elements including at least a first and a last reflective element, each reflective element having a reflective surface diagonal relative to the orthonormal arrangement of the elements, and also arranged to successively reflect the parallel light paths, from element to element, from the objective when the module is inserted in the optical microscope, beneath the eyepiece. Also included are light converging elements for converging the parallel paths into a single path before producing an image at the eyepiece.

Abstract: An illumination system of a microscopy system comprises an actuator configured to change an angle of an illumination light beam and a mirror assembly, which is selectively positionable into the beam path of the illumination light beam. The mirror assembly may comprise an actuator configured to change an orientation of a mirror with respect to another mirror.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope has a rotary mirror to switch an optical path of a beam from an objective optical system between a normal optical path A and an image optical path B. Accordingly, a main operator D1 can keep his or her eyes on eyepieces 15 when switching an optical image through the normal optical path A and an electronic image through the image optical path B from one to another. A zooming optical system 10 is horizontally arranged in the normal optical path A and a high-magnification optical path C is formed on a horizontally outer side of the zooming optical system 10, to reduce a vertical dimension of a body of the microscope and secure a wide work space.

Abstract: A microscope apparatus configured to enlarge entrance pupils while maintaining the rotational symmetry of optical systems of a plurality of optical paths after ejection of light from an objective lens to bring out the performance of the objective lens. A microscope apparatus includes an objective lens having a function of collecting light from the object; and optical paths in which all lens groups are rotational symmetric systems and through which light exited from the objective lens passes, wherein when a sum of maximum diameters of entrance pupils of optical systems forming any two of the optical paths is set as ?Di, and an axial luminous flux diameter determined from a maximum aperture angle ? and a focal distance f of the objective lens is set as Dobj, a condition of the following expression is satisfied, ?Di>Dobj where Dobj=2·f·sin ?.

Abstract: There is provided a binocular device, including a rigid mechanical body supporting two image sources (2, 4), one for each eye (6, 8) and two lensing devices (12, 14), one for each eye, the lensing devices having a first surface adjacent to the image sources and an opposite, second surface, each of the lensing devices projecting an image (16, 18) of one image source onto an infinite focal plane, and electronic means permitting modification of an image generated to an eye for adjusting the binocular alignment of the images. A method for aligning a binocular device is also provided.

Abstract: A microscope having a night vision apparatus, which apparatus can be impinged upon by beam paths proceeding from a specimen or object to be observed.