Abstract: A display unit is provided which enables monocular observation of a magnified displayed image, and binocular observation of a non-magnified displayed image. The display unit comprises a liquid crystal display element having pixels arranged two-dimensionally, and a backlight source for illuminating the liquid crystal display element from the backside. The backlight source comprises a micro-spotlight illumination system constituted of a surface light source, a barrier element, and a microlenses. The barrier element is controlled to take a complete transmission mode to transmit the light emitted form the surface light source or an aperture-formation mode to form apertures in matrix arrangement. In the aperture formation mode, the microlenses are focused substantially on the apertures respectively.

Abstract: A first multiple-lens array designed with positive-power lenses produces multiple bundles of converging light rays, and a second multiple-lens array designed with negative-power lenses produces multiple bundles of collimated light rays at a certain optimal separation between the two multiple-lens arrays. As the axial separation between the two multiple-lens arrays increases, the divergence of the entire beam of light increases.

Abstract: An illuminating optical system includes a light source that produces a light beam generally parallel to its optical axis toward a pair of fly-eye lenses in optical series for mixing light in the light beam in order to provide more uniform illumination. A condensing optical system converges and deflects the light from the fly-eye lens at an angle to a generally planar reflective display device, such as a liquid crystal display device. The fly-eye lenses and the reflective display device are parallel or nearly parallel to one another. The fly-eye lenses may be centered on the optical axis of the light source, and the optical axis of the light source may be parallel, or nearly parallel, to the direction that light from the reflective display device is reflected. A projection display device may include a projection lens that focuses the light from the reflective display device onto a screen.

Abstract: An optical sheet to be used as a screen on which an image is projected from an image projector is provided. The optical sheet is produced by joining a plurality of optical sheet members with end surfaces thereof meeting each other as joint surfaces. The optical sheet members are realized with lenticular lens sheets. Each lenticular lens sheet has lenses, which are elongated in a second direction, juxtaposed in a first direction orthogonal to the second direction. The optical properties of the optical sheet members that are slightly undulated vary cyclically in the first direction. And the optical sheet members to be joined are a selected pair of optical sheet members whose undulations are substantially identical to each other or symmetrical to each other with respect to the joint surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the structure of the array lens that at least any one of the diagonal size, vertical size and lateral size of lens cell is set to almost 1/(4.5 or more) for each corresponding size of the display elements, the structure that the diagonal size of lens cell is set to almost 0.18 inch or less, the structure that the total number of lens cells is set to almost 240 or more and the structure that the lens focal distance of lens cell is set to almost 30 mm or less.

Abstract: A display device includes a self-light-emitting image display that has pixels arranged two-dimensionally, micro light-emitting points that correspond to each pixel of the image display and exist in a part of the pixel, and a micro optical element that guides irradiated light from each of the micro light-emitting points arranged two-dimensionally. Optical axes connecting each of the micro light-emitting points and the micro optical element corresponding to the micro light-emitting point substantially intersect in a predetermined point closer than a near point of an eye, and the micro optical element is arranged so as to focus a virtual image of the micro light-emitting point corresponding to the micro optical element in a position that is a least distance of distinct vision or more apart from the predetermined point.

Abstract: A MEMS optical display system includes an illumination source for providing illumination light, a collimating lens for receiving the illumination light and forming from it collimated illumination light, and a converging microlens array having an array of lenslets that converge the collimated illumination light. The converging microlens array directs the illumination light to a microelectrical mechanical system (MEMS) optical modulator. The MEMS optical modulator includes, for example, a planar substrate through which multiple pixel apertures extend and multiple MEMS actuators that support and selectively position MEMS shutters over the apertures. A MEMS actuator and MEMS shutter, together with a corresponding aperture, correspond to pixel. The light from the converging microlens array is focused through the apertures and is selectively modulated according to the positioning of the MEMS shutters by the MEMS actuators, thereby to impart image information on the illumination light.

Abstract: In an input-output optical system of spatially optical coupled type, a spacer is provided in at least one of input and output optical systems and interposed between a lens array block and a fiber block without blocking an optical path for ensuring a distance corresponding to a focal distance of collimating lenses. As a result, highly-accurate, highly-stable alignment of an optical axis can be readily realized.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lenticular lens and method for manufacturing the lens, and in particular when the lens is a lenticular lens web, such that finishing operations (e.g., cutting, laminating, etc.) and various end-use applications of the lens (e.g., labeling) can be achieved or accommodated in-line with the manufacture of the lens web. A lenticular pattern-forming device comprising a housing that is rotatable about a central longitudinal axis is disclosed. The housing has an outer surface having a groove pattern. The groove pattern includes circumferentially and longitudinally extending grooves on the outer surface and the grooves have substantially equal groove widths. The longitudinally extending grooves are substantially parallel with the central longitudinal axis and grooves cover the outer surface of the housing.

Abstract: The invention provides an animated display in which an illumination source projects light through a platen and a transparency that contains alternative translucent images. The invention involves using an electronic processor to drive two highly controllable motors. Light sensors are used to determine the alignment of a mask over said transparency relative to the light source. The sensors provide input to the processor to allow the two motors to align the mask horizontally. The motors are used to drive the mask vertically in order to change the projected image. In a second embodiment, the lens is a lenticular lens behind the translucent raster multiple image film. A motor acts to drive the mask to align the opaque or image portions of the raster to the focusing portion of the lenticular lens. A lenticular lens may focus on the image line for one of the images on the film.

Abstract: A lenticular lens sheet having an entrance surface and an exit surface comprises a base part, an entrance lens part forming the entrance surface and having an array of a plurality of convex lens elements capable of gathering light rays. A tinted layer is formed at least in a portion of the entrance lens part near the entrance surface. A light absorbing layer is formed in light-nongathering regions in the exit surface in which light rays refracted by the convex lens elements do not gather.

Abstract: The optical lens 1 in accordance with the present invention comprises an optically effective part 5, formed as a curved surface in at least one of light-entrance and light-exit faces, for acting in an X-axis direction on light emitted from a light-emitting device; and a pair of protrusions 10, integrally formed in the face on the side provided with the optically effective part 5, projecting in an optical axis direction on both sides of a light-transmitting area; the pair of protrusions 10 projecting beyond a surface of the optically effective part. Such an optical lens 1 can prevent the optically effective part 5 from coming into direct contact with an arrangement surface where the optical lens 1 is placed, side faces of members adjacent to the optical lens 1, and the like in each manufacturing step, during delivery, and so forth, whereby the optically effective part 5 is hard to incur damages and the like.

Abstract: An optical lens of this invention comprises a first optical member array, in which a plurality of columnar optical members acting on each ray of light emitted from each light-emitting device are arranged in an array, and a second optical member, formed into a columnar shape from transparent material and within which the first optical member array is embedded along the column axis direction; the refractive index of the constituent material of the plurality of columnar optical members is higher than that of the transparent material of the second optical member. Because the first optical member array is embedded in the second optical member in an integral structure, it is possible to easily place the lens in a position such that each incident light ray is acted upon.

Abstract: In a projection display device, a plurality of light emitting diode elements are arranged to make up a light emitting diode element array, and a plurality of the light emitting diode element arrays are assembled to form a light source array. The device comprises a mechanism for moving the light source array; a light source driver circuit for turning on each of the light emitting diode elements within the light emitting diode element array; and a control circuit for controlling the lighting of each light emitting diode element. A first and a second fly-eye lens are each composed of a plurality of rectangular elemental lenses assembled in an array form, where the element lenses are identical in quantity to the light emitting diode element arrays. The light source moving mechanism reciprocates the overall light source array in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of, the first fly-eye lens.

Abstract: A laser process in which stripe formation due to laser annealing is prevented and uniform laser annealing is made over the whole surface of a substrate. A laser beam having an energy distribution with an edge which has a nearly vertical shape l used, and when scanning of the laser beam is carried out, the scanning is carried out while the edge having the nearly vertical shape is made the front of the scanning.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a microlens array and a projection-type liquid crystal display apparatus which can increase the efficiency of use of light, facilitate a method of manufacturing a microlens array and reduce the cost of equipment. By an operation of only irradiating a first lens with parallel light which has an intensity distribution corresponding to the shape of a second lens and irradiating an ultraviolet curing resin layer with transmission light, the first and second lenses are placed with a high alignment accuracy in a mutual positional relation thereof. By irradiating the first lens with the parallel light, it becomes possible to uniformly expose a broad area, and it becomes possible to expose by the wafer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reflection- or transmission-type liquid crystal display method enabling color synthesis without employing a dichroic prism or a polarizing beam splitter. Reflection-type display devices are formed on a reflective substrate. Each reflection type display device is composed of a barrier element consisting of a group of small liquid crystal shutters arranged two-dimensionally, microlens elements two-dimensionally arranged corresponding to the liquid crystal shutters, and a reflective surface of the reflective substrate, wherein the reflective surface is positioned on the focal plane of the microlenses. Parallel light beams of red, green and blue colors introduced obliquely respectively enter the reflection-type display devices exclusive for the respective colors and are mutually superposed on a plane distant from the display devices to achieve color synthesis. A projection lens is focused on the plane and projects an image on a screen provided in a distant position.

Abstract: An imaging system, especially an imaging system for imaging electromagnetic radiation in the optical spectral range, includes at least one lens element and at least one first and one second optically functional boundary surface through which the electromagnetic radiation can pass. At least the first and at least the second optically functional interface can be located either on one or on two or more lens elements. At least the first and at least the second optically functional interface have, at least in sections, a cylinder lens geometry or a cylinder lens-like geometry so that these optically functional interfaces each have a direction lying in the interfaces and along which at least in sections the curvature of the surface is essentially constant. The direction of essentially constant curvature of at least the first optically functional interface to the direction of essentially constant curvature of at least the second optically functional interface being aligned roughly perpendicular to one another.

Abstract: A lenticular lens array for creating a visual effect for an image viewed through the lenticular lens array comprises a plurality of lenticules disposed adjacent to each other. Each lenticule comprises a lenticular lens element on one side and a substantially flat surface on an opposite side. Each lenticular lens element has a vertex and a cross section comprising a portion of an elliptical shape. Alternatively, the cross section can comprise an approximated portion of an elliptical shape. The elliptical shape comprises a major axis disposed substantially perpendicular to the substantially flat surface of each respective lenticular lens element. The vertex of each respective lenticular lens element lies substantially along the major axis of the elliptical shape.

Abstract: A lens unit (U15) includes a housing (45), an upper and a lower lens arrays (A1′, A2′), and a first and a second prisms (4A, 4B). Each of the lens arrays includes a plurality of lenses, a light-shielding member (4), and a plurality of positioning projections, all of which are integral with each other. Downwardly traveling light which enters the housing (45) through a first slit (45c) formed at an upper portion of the housing (45) is directed upward by the first prism (4A) to pass through the two lens arrays (A1′, A2′). The light is then directed downward by the second prism (4B) to exit the housing through a second slit (45d) formed at a lower portion of the housing (45).

Abstract: A collimator array includes a plurality of collimators. Each collimator includes a lens and an optical fiber optically coupled to the lens. The lens is arranged so that its optical axis is parallel to one another. In each collimator, a core axis of the optical fiber is positioned relative to the optical axis of the lens so that an optical beam is emitted from a predetermined position at a predetermined angle.

Abstract: A lens array of an erecting mode with unity amplification which scarcely generates a stray light and a flare light, is provided. In the lens array of the erecting mode with unity amplification constituted by superposing a plurality of lens plates in which convex lenses are arrayed and formed on both sides, a lens pitch P of the array direction of the convex lenses is not less than two times the height of an inverted image formed inside the lens array of the erecting mode with unity amplification, and an aperture diaphragm is provided on individual lens elements in a position in which the inverted image is formed so that a light does not pass through the outside of the region of a circle having the height of the inverted image as a radius.

Abstract: A projector has an illuminating optical system for irradiating white light, a color switching optical system for dividing the white light irradiated by the illuminating optical system into color lights in a time-division manner, a DMD™ for modulating the respective color lights in accordance with an image signal, a projection optical system for projecting the light beam modulated by the DMD, a light-composite optical system for getting the light beam not incident on the projection optical system to be incident again on the DMD and a device controller for controlling the operation of the projector, where the light beam irradiated by the DMD and not incident on the projection optical system is irradiated as a light beam of uniform illuminance distribution by the light-composite optical system and is again introduced on an illumination optical axis to be incident on the DMD, thus enhancing peak luminance of the projected image and achieving high contrast ratio.

Abstract: As the output of laser oscillators become higher, it becomes necessary to develop a longer linear shape beam for a process of laser annealing of a semiconductor film. However, if the length of the linear shape beam is from 300 to 1000 mm, or greater, then the optical path length of an optical system for forming the linear shape beam becomes very long, thereby increasing its footprint size. The present invention shortens the optical path length. In order to make the optical path length of the optical system as short as possible, and to increase only the length of the linear shape beam, curvature may be given to the semiconductor film in the longitudinal direction of the linear shape beam. For example, if the size of the linear shape beam is taken as 1 m×0.4 mm, then it is necessary for the optical path length of the optical system to be on the order of 10 m.

Abstract: A lens array unit (U1) comprises a first and a second lens arrays (1, 2). The first and the second lens arrays (1, 2) include respectively a plurality of lenses (11, 21), each serving as a convex lens, for formation of a non-inverted, non-magnified image. In each of the lens arrays, the lenses (11, 21) and supports (10, 20) which hold the lenses are formed integrally of a translucent resin. Therefore, manufacture of the lens array is easy.

Abstract: In a laser system for laser crystallization of semiconductor films, a laser source produces a laser beam that is transmitted to a lens system having a plurality of lens elements adapted to divide the beam into a plurality of beamlets. At least one of the beamlets is inverted relative to the others, such that a desired intensity profile is generated at the output of the laser system.

Abstract: A screen for a rear projection type projector includes a main screen formed by bonding a plurality of lenticular lens sheets into one with the edges thereof as a junction plane, and a transmissive diffusion screen for rear use including an image forming layer and a transparent layer arranged behind the main screen on an optical path of light fluxes projected from a projector, wherein the junction plane is located at a position near the center of a main surface of the main screen.

Abstract: A scanning angle expander that includes a converting optics for receiving an input beam, the input beam being inclined with respect with an optical axis of the converting optics by an input scan angle, and for converting the input beam to multiple output beamlets, each output beamlet being inclined with respect to the optical axis of the converting optics by an output scan angle; and expanding optics, for converting the multiple output beamlets to an output beam that is substantially parallel to the output beamlets, whereas the output beam and the input beam have substantially a same size.

Abstract: A system for the production of a dynamic image for use in display applications includes a light source (16) which travels via a liquid crystal modulator (18) placed in the path of the light source (16). The output of the LC modulator (18) passes modulated light a lens ray (22) which itself guides light to an optically addressed spatial light modulator (24). The resulting real image from the optically addressed spatial light modulator (24) may be used in two dimensional and three dimensional displays. The addressing frame-rate of the liquid crystal modulator (18) is substantially greater than the frame-rate of the optically addressed spatial light modulator (24).

Abstract: An optically-based and image processing-based scanner including a lens array, an imager, and an array of baffles to define paths of light between the lenses and the imager. Each of the lenses produces an inverted image of a portion of the object to be imaged. Components in the imager transpose and filter the individual images, or vice-versa, and assemble a composite image of the entire object. An array of plano-convex lenses is preferred.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lens array unit fabrication process. A lens array forming step produces a first and a second lens arrays each having linearly-arranged first or second lenses. In a lens array connecting step, the first array is connected to the second array so that the first lenses are axially aligned with the second lenses. The connecting step includes providing of ultrasonic vibration by e.g. an ultrasonic horn. In the forming step, a resin casting is used in which lens array regions, each including linearly-arranged first or second lenses, are integrally formed in a direction perpendicular to the rows of lenses. In the forming step, a multiple-blade rotary cutter, provided with rotary blades disposed at a pitch corresponding to the transverse dimension of each lens array region, is used to simultaneously make cuts flanking the lens array regions.

Abstract: An optical unit (20, 30) for color projection display system that has three SLMs (21, 31) and three projection lenses (27, 37). Each SLM (21, 31) receives light of a different primary color, which it modulates to form images for that color. Each SLM (21, 31) and its associated projection lens (27, 37) provides a “channel” for that color of the final image, with the channels being converged out of the projection lenses (27, 37) to the viewing screen.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the structure of the array lens that at least any one of the diagonal size, vertical size and lateral size of lens cell is set to almost 1/(4.5 or more) for each corresponding size of the display elements, the structure that the diagonal size of lens cell is set to almost 0.18 inch or less, the structure that the total number of lens cells is set to almost 240 or more and the structure that the lens focal distance of lens cell is set to almost 30 mm or less.

Abstract: The optical lens pertaining to the present invention comprises two first optical member arrays in which a plurality of columnar optical members that act on the light incident from light emitting components are arrayed in a state of &agr;° inclination, and a second optical member that is columnar in shape and made of a transparent material, and inside of which the two first optical member arrays are embedded in the columnar axial direction thereof, wherein the material of which the columnar optical members are made has a refractive index that is higher than that of the transparent material of the second optical member. Because the first optical member arrays are integrally embedded in the second optical member, they can be disposed all at once in their proper locations.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an erect image, unity magnification, resin lens array by injection molding. Two injection-molded lens plates are stacked such that convexly warped sides thereof face each other or such that a convexly warped side of the lens plate whose warp is greater than that of the other lens plate faces a concavely warped side of the other lens plate, while directions of resin injection thereof are aligned so as to optically avoid the influence of molding shrinkage. Engagement spigots and engagement sockets are employed in order to align the two lens plates. The two stacked lens plates are secured by clipping of peripheral portions thereof.

Abstract: Process for producing a microoptical functional unit which is made of at least two interconnected flat parts which each are one optical functional elements. The interconnected two flat parts are provided with a number of optically functional sections ane, on the sides of the flat parts facing one another positioning aids are formed which facilitate alignment of at least two flat parts to one another.

Abstract: The mechanism of and a solution to the problem of vertical banding in projection systems is disclosed. An offset lens array includes a plurality of lens elements arranged in a plurality of rows that are offset with respect to one another. The offset lens array is incorporated in an illuminator for a projection system. The asymmetrical arrangement of the rows of lens elements in the array with respect to a seam in a color separation element of the projection system substantially reduces the vertical banding in the projected image.

Abstract: The present invention has as its object to provide a projection type display apparatus which suffers little from the occurrence of the distortion of the surface of a dichroic mirror in a color combining optical system, and the occurrence of the deformation of a projected image by the angular deviation of the surface of the dichroic mirror and in which the correction of the chromatic aberration of magnification of a projection lens is stably possible during mass production. So, the color combining system of the present invention is provided with at least three prisms, two dichroic mirror layers for reflecting lights differing in wavelength area from each other, the two dichroic mirror layers being formed so as not to intersect with each other with one of the three prisms which is located most adjacent to the light exit side interposed therebetween, and at least one optical element having positive or negative refractive power.

Abstract: A lens system which has a first optical boundary with a radius of curvature R, a second optical boundary located substantially a distance R from the first boundary, and a third optical boundary nearer to the second optical boundary than R. Secondly, a lens system providing optical field limitation using total internal reflection. Also, an array of lenses for reproduction, capture and display of three dimensional images discussed.

Abstract: There is provided an improvement on homogeneity of annealing performed utilizing radiation of a laser beam on a silicon film having a large area. In a configuration wherein a linear laser beam is applied to a surface to be irradiated, optimization is carried out on the width and number of cylindrical lenses forming homogenizers 103 and 104 for controlling the distribution of radiation energy density in the longitudinal direction of the linear beam. For example, the width of the cylindrical lenses forming the homogenizers 103 and 104 is set in the range from 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and the number of the lenses is chosen such that one lens is provided for every 5 mm-15 mm along the length of the linear laser beam in the longitudinal direction thereof. This makes it possible to improve homogeneity of the radiation energy density of the linear laser in the longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: A conventional solid-state imaging device in which a sealing resin is applied onto a microlens has a low condensing efficiency. There are provided a photodiode 14 for receiving light, a microlens 4 made of a resin set on the photodiode 14 and having a refractive index of n3, a thin-film lens 3 formed on the microlens 4 and having a refractive index of n2, a sealing resin 2 formed on the thin-film lens 3 and having a refractive index of n1, and cover glass 1 formed on the sealing resin 2 to seal the sealing resin 2. The refractive index n2 of the thin-film lens 3 is set to a value smaller than n1 and n3. In this case, it is assumed that values of n1 and n3 are substantially equal to each other and the thin-film lens 3 is made of fluoride and/or oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to an illuminating system of a microlithographic projection exposure arrangement having a light source (1), a first objective (7), a fly-eye-integrator (11), a diaphragm plane (13), a condenser optic (15), and an image plane (21) having a field to be illuminated. The fly-eye-integrator (11) includes at least a first one-dimensional array (39) of first cylinder lenses having first cylinder axes and a second one-dimensional array (47) of second cylinder lenses having second cylinder axes. The second cylinder axes are aligned perpendicularly to the first cylinder axes. A third one-dimensional array (35) of third cylinder lenses having third cylinder axes are mounted forward of the first array (39) to increase divergence. The third cylinder axes are aligned parallelly to the first cylinder axes and a fourth one-dimensional array (43) of fourth cylinder lenses having fourth cylinder axes is arranged forward of the second array (47) for increasing divergence.

Abstract: Lens systems and an array of lenses for reproduction, capture and display of three dimensional images. The arrays generally fall into two categories. The first type of array uses air as the low-index material. This type of array may be used, for example, in illuminated displays electronic image detection, machine vision, and real-time 3D video capture. A second type of array uses a fluoropolymer as the low-index material, and conveys a great preponderance all incident light to the image plane.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a laser light source for emitting a light beam having a coherence length; a beam expander for expanding the light beam; a spatial light modulator; beam shaping optics for shaping the expanded laser beam to provide uniform illumination of the spatial light modulator, the beam shaping optics including a fly's eye integrator having an array of lenslets; a diffuser located in the light beam between the laser light source and the beam shaping optics; an electrically controllable de-speckling modulator for modifying the temporal and spatial phase of the light beam; and a projection lens for producing an image of the spatial light modulator on a distant screen.

Abstract: A wavefront sensor is provided to determine characteristics of an incoming distorted energy beam. The sensor includes a plurality of multi-lens array and a beam detector, such as a CCD camera. The multi-lens array focuses the energy beam to a multiple focal spots forming a diffraction pattern on the CCD camera. The invention teaches a method to eliminate or substantially reduce a cross talk or interference in measuring the intensity of the focal spots. The beam detector or CCD detects the resulted focal spots and determines the characteristics of the incoming energy beam. The method and wavefront sensor according to this invention can be used in combination with an exposure apparatus in a semiconductor wafer manufacturing process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the structure of the array lens that at least any one of the diagonal size, vertical size and lateral size of lens cell is set to almost 1/(4.5 or more) for each corresponding size of the display elements. The diagonal size of lens cell is set to almost 0.18 inch or less. The total number of lens cells is set to almost 240 or more. Finally, the lens focal distance of lens cell is set to almost 30 mm or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical system that includes an array of opto-electronic devices, an array of micro lenses, and a fore optic. The array of opto-electronic devices lie substantially along a plane, but the fore optic has a non-planar focal field. To compensate for the non-planar focal field of the fore optic, each opto-electronic device has a corresponding micro lens. Each micro lens has a focal length and/or separation distance that compensates for the non-planar focal field of the fore optic. As a result, light that is provided by the fore optic is reconfigured by the micro lenses to be substantially focused along the plane of the array of opto-electronic devices.

Abstract: A rear projection type screen is provided with a Fresnel lens and a lenticular lens, for use with a light valve having pixels. The rear projection type screen has such lens pitches that the secondary moiré pitch PMM indicated by the following equation is 3 mm or less, taking the lens pitch of the Fresnel lens as PF (mm), the lens pitch of the lenticular lens as PL (mm), and the pitch of the pixels in the light valve as PS (mm).

Abstract: A semispherical microstructure includes a substrate, an insulating mask layer, and an electrodeposition layer. The substrate has an electrically-conductive portion. The mask layer is formed on the electrode layer or electrically-conductive portion of the substrate and includes an opening formed in the mask layer to expose the electrically-conductive portion at the opening. The electrodeposition layer is formed of organic compound electrodeposited in the opening and on the mask layer around the opening.

Abstract: A lens unit (U15) includes a housing (45), an upper and a lower lens arrays (A1′, A2′), and a first and a second prisms (4A, 4B). Each of the lens arrays includes a plurality of lenses, a light-shielding member (4), and a plurality of positioning projections, all of which are integral with each other. Downwardly traveling light which enters the housing (45) through a first slit (45c) formed at an upper portion of the housing (45) is directed upward by the first prism (4A) to pass through the two lens arrays (A1′, A2′). The light is then directed downward by the second prism (4B) to exit the housing through a second slit (45d) formed at a lower portion of the housing (45).