Abstract: A separating device for interrupting a direct current of a current path, in particular for an on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle. The separating device has a hybrid switch with a current-conducting mechanical contact system and a first semiconductor switch connected to the hybrid switch in parallel and having a switchable resistance cascade with at least one ohmic resistor which is connected to the contact system of the hybrid switch in parallel.

Abstract: Interface circuits for differential signal channels. The interface circuit includes, for example, a transformer, a common mode choke, and a bidirectional transient voltage suppressor (TVS) diode. The transformer is coupled to two circuit side terminals of a differential signal channel. The common mode choke is coupled to the transformer. The common mode choke is also coupled to the two line side terminals of the differential signal channel via a first signal path and a second signal path. The bidirectional TVS diode includes a first output connection coupled to the first signal path. The bidirectional TVS diode also includes a second output connection coupled to the second signal path.

Abstract: A surge arrester includes a polymer body or housing and a varistor assembly in the body or housing. The varistor assembly includes a plurality of varistor elements and a fuse electrically connected in series and forming a vertical stack of the plurality of varistor elements and the fuse. The stack has a first end surface, a second end surface, and a side surface extending between the first end surface and the second end surface. The varistor assembly includes a first end fitting at the first end surface of the stack and a second end fitting at the second end surface of the stack.

Abstract: A disconnect/test terminal block may include a body including a front side and a back side including a protruding part. The block may include at least one circuit element disposed in the body. The block may include at least one case wire terminal disposed on the front side of the body and coupled to the at least one internal circuit. The block may include at least one field cable terminal disposed on the protruding part and coupled to the at least one internal circuit.

Abstract: A surge protective device (SPD) includes a first electrical terminal, a second electrical terminal, and an overvoltage protection circuit connected between the first and second electrical terminals. The overvoltage protection circuit includes a gas discharge tube and a current management circuit connected in series to the gas discharge tube. The current management circuit includes a varistor and a resistor that are connected in parallel between a first node of the current management circuit and a second node of the current management circuit.

Abstract: A snubber module is provided, which constitutes a snubber apparatus attachable to a terminal of a semiconductor module.

Abstract: A protection arrangement for a multiphase uninterruptible power supply system including a vacuum circuit breaker connected in series with an inductive element, where the inductive element includes, for every phase, two series-connected magnetically coupled windings separated by a tap point. The protection arrangement includes one first group of protective components per phase, each first group including a first protective component having a first end connected to a link between the vacuum circuit breaker and the inductive element and a second end connected to a corresponding tap point, where at least one protective component in each first group is a surge arrester.

Abstract: Bus mounted surge protection devices are provided that are configured to be positioned in a panelboard alongside one or more similarly sized circuit breaker devices. The bus mounted surge protection device is configured to be received by a same provisional bus as the one or more circuit breaker devices and the bus mounted surge protection device is configured to protect all of the one or more circuit breaker devices in the panelboard.

Abstract: The invention relates to a non-rotationally symmetrical spark gap, in particular a horn spark gap with a deion chamber, a multi-part insulating material housing (1) as a support and receiving body for the horn electrodes and the deion chamber, means for conducting the gas flow related to the arc, wherein the insulating material housing (1) is divided on the plane defined by the horn electrodes and has two half shells, and plug or screw connections (4, 5) which lead out on the end face. According to the invention, with the exception of the sections of the plug or screw connections (4, 5) leading out, the insulating material housing is surrounded on all sides by a cooling surface (14) which is near the housing and lies against the housing surface, and the cooling surface (14) is at least partly supported on webs (8) which are designed to conduct the gas flow on the outer surface of the half shells.

Abstract: A DC circuit breaker includes a fuse unit to interrupt a large current with a fuse, and the fuse unit includes a high-speed disconnector that is connected in parallel to the fuse and is opened when a fault current is detected.

Abstract: A system for interconnecting at least two die each die having a plurality of conducting layers and dielectric layers disposed upon a substrate which may include active and passive elements. In one embodiment there is at least one interconnect coupling at least one conducting layer on a side of one die to at least one conducting layer on a side of the other die. Another interconnect embodiment is a slug having conducting and dielectric layers disposed between two or more die to interconnect between the die. Other interconnect techniques include direct coupling such as rod, ball, dual balls, bar, cylinder, bump, slug, and carbon nanotube, as well as indirect coupling such as inductive coupling, capacitive coupling, and wireless communications. The die may have features to facilitate placement of the interconnects such as dogleg cuts, grooves, notches, enlarged contact pads, tapered side edges and stepped vias.

Abstract: A switch control circuit and a battery pack including the same are disclosed. The switch control circuit can include a first controller outputting a first control signal for controlling a driver, and a second controller configured to detect a fault of the first controller and to output a second control signal in response to detecting the fault of the first controller. The switch control circuit can further include first to third buffers each outputting an output signal corresponding to the first control signal or changing an output terminal of each buffer to an open state in response to the second control signal. The switch control circuit can further include a holding circuit holding a previous state of an input signal of the third buffer and a switch circuit transferring the output signal of the second buffer or the third buffer to the driver in response to the second control signal.

Abstract: Provided herein are protection devices having a tubular ceramic part and a tubular metal oxide varistor (MOV) electrically coupled in series or parallel. In some embodiments, the tubular ceramic part is connected between a first electrode and a second electrode, and the tubular MOV is connected between the second electrode and a third electrode. In some embodiments, the tubular ceramic part and the tubular MOV have a same or similar shape and/or outer circumference. The protection device further includes an enclosure surrounding the tubular ceramic part and the tubular MOV, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the third electrode each have leads extending outside the enclosure. In some embodiments, the tubular MOV includes a central cavity aligned with a central cavity of the tubular ceramic part, wherein the central cavity of the tubular MOV MOV and the central cavity of the tubular ceramic part contain an inert gas.

Abstract: A terminal block for use with a railroad terminal board may include a terminal block body comprising first and second sides, a plurality of first connection posts extending from the first side of the body, and a second connection post extending from the second side of the body. The second connection post may be connected to one of the plurality of first connection posts. The second connection post may be configured to mount the terminal block to the railroad terminal board. The terminal block body may include a single hole extending through the first and second sides and configured to accept a mounting screw for mounting the terminal block to the railroad terminal board.

Abstract: A DC circuit breaker includes: a first current section of a first electrical polarity from a first supply terminal of the DC circuit breaker to a first load terminal of the DC circuit breaker; a second current section of a second electrical polarity from a second supply terminal of the DC circuit breaker to a second load terminal of the DC circuit breaker; a mechanical bypass switch arranged in the first current section or the second current section, the mechanical bypass switch having at least one bypass switch excitation coil; a first semiconductor circuit arrangement connected in parallel with the mechanical bypass switch; an electronic control unit of the DC circuit breaker for actuating the first semiconductor circuit arrangement; a second semiconductor circuit arrangement to be actuated by the electronic control unit, which second semiconductor circuit arrangement is connected to the bypass switch excitation coil by circuitry.

Abstract: An integrated component for protecting against temporary power surges comprises a first conductive lead and a second conductive lead, each of which mounted on an electrical circuit; a gas discharge tube; a thermally protected varistor and a thermal fuse. The thermally protected varistor comprises a varistor body, a first varistor electrode and a second varistor electrode that are positioned on either side of the varistor body. The varistor body rises in temperature when the voltage imposed between the first and the second varistor electrodes exceeds a voltage threshold. An electrical connection is made via the thermal fuse.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor satisfies a relationship A>B, where B represents a coverage rate of a first organic layer disposed on a first base electrode layer located on a first end surface, A represents a coverage rate of the first organic layer disposed on the first base electrode layer located on a first main surface or a second main surface, and A represents a coverage rate of the first organic layer located on the first main surface or the second main surface. A second end surface also has a similar configuration.

Abstract: A protective circuit (10) comprises a terminal (11), a reference potential terminal (12) and a protective structure (13) that is arranged between the terminal (11) and the reference potential terminal (12), and is designed to be conductive in the event of an electrostatic discharge. The protective circuit (10) furthermore comprises a voltage supply circuit (14) that is coupled to a control input (16) of the protective structure (13) with its output side and is designed for delivering, in the event of radiofrequency interference, a control signal (ST) to the control input (16) with such a high voltage value that conduction of the protective structure (13) is prevented.

Abstract: A Leakage Current Detection and Interruption (LCDI) device, for use as a safety device for a load cable. The LCDI circuit card assembly incorporates a load input cavity having fire retardant materials surrounding the load input terminals, a separated containment cavity structure for a first Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV), and a contact actuator which encases the switch or contact arm at the source input section of the LCDI. The circuit design incorporates redundant safety features for containment of spurious ignitions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure can include systems and methods for limiting transient over-voltages occurring across a circuit breaker. These embodiments include providing a middle tank portion. They further include providing a first portion coupled to a first side of the middle tank portion, and a second portion coupled to a second side of the middle tank portion. They further include providing a first high voltage terminal coupled to the first portion, and a second high voltage terminal coupled to the second portion. They further include providing a post insulator supported and extending from the middle tank portion. They further include providing a first surge arrester connecting the first high voltage terminal to a first connector extending from the post insulator, and a second surge arrester connecting the second high voltage terminal to a second connector extending from the post insulator.

Abstract: Provided is a semiconductor device including: a semiconductor element having a first electrode, a second electrode, and a gate electrode; a surge voltage measuring unit electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode to measure a surge voltage; at least one measuring unit selected from a first measuring unit measuring electromagnetic noise caused by an operation of the semiconductor element, a second measuring unit measuring a voltage of a wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode, and a third measuring unit measuring a current of the wiring electrically connected to the first electrode or the second electrode; a variable resistor electrically connected to the gate electrode; and a controller controlling the variable resistor based on measurement results of the surge voltage measuring unit and the at least one measuring unit and change a resistance value of the variable resistor.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a transient overvoltage protection circuit, an array substrate, and a display apparatus, wherein the transient overvoltage protection circuit comprises a transient suppression circuit configured to discharge a transient high voltage in a signal to be processed to obtain a first processed signal; and an isolation circuit having an input terminal electrically coupled to the transient suppression circuit, the isolation circuit being configured to isolate a residual voltage in the first processed signal to obtain a second processed signal.

Abstract: A double alternating frequency algorithm (DAFA) uses a high frequency carrier wave (>1 GHz) that lies above environmental noise and is capable of carrying large amounts of data, stacks a plurality of N frequency channels on the carrier wave (e.g., one channel for each transformer serviced by a substation) and changes the frequency of the carrier wave at each transformer to repeat the data for downstream and upstream propagation for providing broadband Internet over power lines. This approach will fulfill the promise of broadband Internet to the vast rural areas of the United States that do not have access to broadband Internet. Furthermore, this approach will provide another revenue source for utility companies to leverage the existing power distribution system.

Abstract: The present example provides aircraft integrated aircraft utility management and power distribution systems. Included are three exemplary implementations of aircraft power management systems (a DC power distribution system, a utility management system, and a combined system) that may utilize the like architecture, technologies, and components advantageously. A DC power distribution system can include two parts: primary DC power distribution and secondary DC power distribution systems. The utility management system integrates aircraft sub functions and utilities into one fault tolerant system. The systems described makes use of secondary power distribution units of a modularized design, including standard I/O modules, power modules, and aircraft computing modules.

Abstract: The connection apparatus of the invention comprises a platform (200), a plug connector (15) having a plug connector part (19) secured to the platform (200) and electrically connected to the circuit of the field device and a plug connector part (20) connectable with the connection cable and complementary to the first plug connector part (19), as well as a lid (16) held movably relative to the platform (200) for at least partially covering the plug connector (15) formed by connecting the plug connector parts (19, 20).

Abstract: There is disclosed a lamellar particle including an unconverted portion of the lamellar particle, wherein the unconverted portion includes a first metal, a converted portion of the lamellar particle disposed radially outward of at least one of a surface of the unconverted portion, wherein the converted portion includes a chemical compound of the first metal.

Abstract: A feedthrough for a cochlear implant or other medical device can include contacts disposed on an outer perimeter thereof. By disposing the contacts on the perimeter, the number of contacts on the feedthrough can be increased, the size of the feedthrough reduced, or both.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit includes an input terminal, a transistor, and an output terminal. The input terminal is configured to receive an input signal. The transistor includes a first source/drain region, a second source/drain region, and a drift region that has a resistance in series between the first and second source/drain regions and that is configured to attenuate an ESD voltage in the input signal. The output terminal is connected to the second source/drain region.

Abstract: Radio frequency amplifiers with overload protection are provided herein. In certain configurations, an RF amplifier system includes an RF amplifier that receives an RF signal from an input terminal and that generates an amplified RF signal at an output terminal, and an overload detection circuit that generates a detection signal indicating a detected signal level of the RF amplifier. The RF amplifier includes an amplification device that amplifies the RF signal and a degeneration circuit that provides degeneration to the amplification device. Additionally, the detection signal is operable to control an amount of degeneration provided by the degeneration circuit so as to protect the RF amplifier from overload.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a semiconductor integrated circuit which operates with a low voltage and is capable of preventing destruction of a protection circuit and a control method thereof. The semiconductor integrated circuit includes a resistance element and a capacitance element connected between a power supply line and a ground line in series, an inverter of which an input is connected between the resistance element and the capacitance element, a MOS transistor of which a gate electrode is connected to an output of the inverter and a drain electrode and a source electrode are respectively connected to the power supply line and the ground line, and a current limit element inserted between a well region where the MOS transistor is formed and the gate electrode. The present technology is applied to, for example, the protection circuit for preventing destruction of an internal circuit by ESD and the like.

Abstract: An electric meter center comprises a frame, a floor panel assembly defining a floor and being mounted at or near a bottom of the frame, and cables routed through the floor. The floor panel assembly comprises a bottom panel defining an opening and a removable panel adapted for releasable mounting to the bottom panel to at least partially close the opening and wherein at least part of the cables are routed through the opening.

Abstract: An electronic component includes a multilayer body including dielectric layers and inner electrodes alternately laminated together, first to third outer electrodes arranged in this order in one direction on a first main surface of the multilayer body, and fourth to sixth outer electrodes provided on a second main surface opposite to the first main surface such that at least a portion of the fourth outer electrode, at least a portion of the fifth outer electrode, and at least a portion of the sixth outer electrode respectively face the first outer electrode, the second outer electrode, and the third outer electrode. The first, third, and fifth outer electrodes are electrically connected to one another. The second, fourth, and sixth outer electrodes are electrically connected to one another and each have a polarity different from that of the first outer electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a substrate and a semiconductor component disposed over the substrate. A discrete electrical device can be disposed over the substrate. An encapsulant is deposited over the substrate and semiconductor component. A ferromagnetic material is disposed over the encapsulant. The ferromagnetic material includes one or more ferrite type materials or other material having a crystalline structure exhibiting ferromagnetic properties. The ferromagnetic material includes a ferromagnetic film with a polyethylene terephthalate layer, ferrite layer, and adhesive layer. The ferromagnetic film is provided from the sheet of ferromagnetic films. A shielding layer is formed over the ferromagnetic material and around the semiconductor component.

Abstract: A surge protection device contains a first electrode, a second electrode electrically connected to electrical ground, and a field-induced switching component electrically contacting the first electrode and the second electrode. The field-induced switching component can include a correlated-electron material or a volatile conductive bridge.

Abstract: A surge protection device for an LED lighting system provides a failure detection circuit which shuts off an indicator lamp when upon failure of surge protection components. Surge suppression circuits are coupled between respective first and second, and second and third lines for receiving an AC mains input. The surge suppression circuits include a thermal cutoff device and a clamping device, with a fault detection circuit coupled between each respective series circuit. The fault detection circuit activates an indicator lamp when the surge protection device is in a normal operation mode. The fault detection circuit shuts off the indicator lamp when the surge protection device is in a short circuit fault mode, corresponding to failure of at least one component from a surge suppression circuit. Detection of an unlit indicator lamp may serve as a warning to an operator that the associated surge protection device should be replaced.

Abstract: A portable fluid monitoring controller tester system for fluid monitoring equipment includes a control panel, electrical interfaces, and associated circuitry for simulating the fluid overfill sensors and other features of a trailer. The tester is a self-contained device that meets or exceeds various safety standards applicable to operating in an explosive environment. The tester may be powered, at least partially, by the fluid monitoring controller to which it is connected or from another power source, such as a battery. The tester has intrinsically safe outputs, and is configured to simulate different types of sensor systems found in fuel tanker trailers, including 2-Wire Optical, 5-Wire Optical, and Thermistor sensors. The tester is further configured to simulate ground circuits and the truck identification module (T.I.M.) of the fuel tanker trailer. The tester includes an enclosure that is impact and temperature resilient, and provides protection against windblown dust, rain and splashing water.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a first domain including a first high power source line, a first low power source line, and a first power clamp circuit; a second domain including a second high power source line, a second low power source line, and a second power clamp circuit; a third power clamp circuit provided between the second high power source line and the first low power source line; a first relay circuit that receives a signal from the first domain and outputs the signal to the second domain; and a second relay circuit that receives a signal from the second domain and outputs the signal to the first domain, wherein the first relay circuit and the second relay circuit have a circuit portion that is connected to the second high power source line and the first low power source line.

Abstract: An isolator device (200) includes a differential transmitter, a differential receiver, and a pair of differential signal lines between the differential transmitter and the differential receiver. The isolator device also comprises isolation circuitry along the pair of differential signal lines, wherein the isolation circuitry includes a transmitter-side capacitor for each differential signal line, a receiver-side capacitor for each differential signal line, and at least one common-mode voltage regulation component.

Abstract: An electronic component having a multilayer body that includes a plurality of insulating layers that are stacked on top of one another; a primary coil and a secondary coil that are arranged inside the multilayer body in a stacking direction of the multilayer body; a first ground electrode and a second ground electrode that are provided in the multilayer body and between which the primary coil and the secondary coil are interposed in the stacking direction; and a ground terminal that is connected to the first ground electrode and the second ground electrode. A capacitance is generated between the first ground electrode and the primary coil or the secondary coil and a capacitance is generated between the second ground electrode and the primary coil or the secondary coil.

Abstract: Provided is a leakage current compensation circuit including: a compensation MOS transistor, which has a drain and a source connected to each other, and a bulk connected to a ground terminal, and is configured to generate a compensation current that is equal in magnitude to a leakage current of a MOS transistor of a current output circuit; and a current mirror circuit, which has an input terminal connected to the drain and the source of the compensation MOS transistor, and an output terminal connected to the MOS transistor of the current output circuit. The leakage current compensation circuit includes the MOS transistor for compensation for the leakage current, which has a small area, and is capable of compensating for a gate leakage current.

Abstract: A power supply clamp connectable between power rails of an electronic circuit comprises a switching component which is switchable to provide a connection path between the power rails of the electronic circuit; a first detector configured to detect an electrostatic discharge event having a first characteristic time period and to generate a detector output signal in response to the detection; a series of one or more successive intermediate amplification stages between the first detector and the switching component, the series of amplification stages providing a control signal path for a control signal to control switching of the switching component in response to the detector output signal; and a second detector configured to detect an electrostatic discharge event having a second characteristic time period, shorter than the first characteristic time period, the second detector being provided at a node in the control signal path subsequent to the first detector (for example, at a second or subsequent one of the

Abstract: A base element and a surge protection system incorporating the base element are provided. The base element includes a housing having a front portion and a rear portion. Apertures in the rear portion provide access to contacts secured within the housing, and a receiving portion extending from the front portion includes at least one receiving section for receiving a surge protection cartridge. Plug receptacles in the receiving portion are in electrical communication with the contacts to incorporate the surge protection device in a circuit when the surge protection cartridge is inserted. The base element is configured to mount orthogonally to a case such that conductors secured to the contacts extend through the apertures and into an enclosure defined by the case in a substantially linear direction. The system includes a case configured to be attached to a rack mount system and a plurality of base elements secured to the case.

Abstract: A power supply includes a phase-cut pre-regulator. The phase-cut pre-regulator comprises a switching device connected between a line voltage and an input voltage of a bulk capacitor and a comparator receiving the line voltage and a reference voltage, comparing the line voltage with hysteresis reference voltages based on the reference voltage, and switching the switching device according to the compared result.

Abstract: A method of differential signal transfer from a differential input Vinp and Vinn having a common mode input voltage that can be higher than the power supply voltage by providing an input chopper having first through fourth chopper transistors, each having a source, a drain and a gate, the input chopper having Vinp and Vinn as a differential input, providing an output chopper, capacitively coupling a differential output Voutp and Voutn of the input chopper to a differential input of the output chopper, capacitively coupling a clock to the input chopper and coupling the clock to the output chopper, the clock having a first phase and a second phase opposite from the first phase, the first phase being coupled to the gates of the first and second transistors and the second phase being coupled to the gates of the third and fourth transistors, and providing protection of the gates of the first through fourth transistors from excessive voltages. Various embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A power terminal includes a terminal beam having a mating surface. A protective thermal coupler bridge is positioned adjacent the terminal beam having a bridge conductor, an insulating substrate and a bridge pad. The bridge pad has a mating surface. A variable resistive member is electrically coupled between the terminal beam and the bridge conductor to provide a shunt so that arcing does not occur when the power terminal is disconnected from the mating power terminal. The mating surface of the terminal beam is separable before the mating surface of the bridge pad is disconnected so that the resistance in the variable resistive member increases after disconnection of the main power terminal from the mating power terminal and prior to disconnection of the bridge pad from the mating power terminal to shunt the current through the bridge conductor and the variable resistive member during unmating.

Abstract: A cavity filter and a RF communication device including the cavity filter are disclosed. The cavity filter includes a cavity body, a cover plate, a resonance rod, a tuning screw, and a supporting member. The cover plate caps the cavity body to form a resonance cavity. The resonance rod is a tube with an opening at one end, where the opening end is combined with the cover plate or the cavity body. The supporting member is mounted to the cover plate or the cavity body to further secure the tuning screw to the resonance rod, and pushes the tuning screw along an axial direction of the resonance rod against the bottom end of the resonance rod, so as to make the resonance rod undergo an elastic deformation and thus adjust the RF parameters of the cavity filter.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a current-mirror-based electrostatic discharge (ESD) clamping circuit comprising: a first power terminal; a second power terminal; a current-mirror-based ESD detector; a driver; and an ESD clamping element. The current-mirror-based ESD detector includes: a resistor coupled between the first power terminal and a detection-output-terminal; a semiconductor capacitor coupled between the detection-output-terminal and an ESD triggered current mirror; and the ESD triggered current mirror operable to electrically connect the semiconductor capacitor and/or the detection-output-terminal with the second power terminal according to the level of a driving signal under an ESD operation. The driver is operable to generate the driving signal according to the voltages of the detection-output-terminal and the first and second power terminals.

Abstract: A bus system for configuring communication interfaces in a vehicle has at least two different bus lines which are each electrically coupled to one and the same first voltage-limiting element to limit the voltage level of a voltage pulse occurring with a predefined reference potential as a positive voltage pulse between one of the two bus lines and a first point. In addition, the two bus lines are each electrically coupled to one and the same second voltage-limiting element to limit the voltage level of a voltage pulse occurring with a predefined reference potential as a negative voltage pulse between one of the two bus lines and a second point, to a second voltage limit.

Abstract: A method for detecting electrical faults in an electrical circuit having transmission wires for power transmission includes determining whether a potential electrical fault condition exists along the transmission wires and confirming the potential electrical fault is an actual electrical fault. If the potential electrical fault is confirmed as an actual electrical fault, the method may disable the electrical circuit.

Abstract: A composite electronic component includes a composite body including a common mode filter and a resistor that are coupled to each other, the common mode filter including a common mode choke coil; and a plurality of input terminals disposed on a first side surface of the composite body, a plurality of output terminals, and a ground terminal.