Abstract: A communication network system includes a processor, and a plurality of node apparatuses using a protocol to establish paths therebetween, wherein the processor determines each of the node apparatuses to be a packet source or a packet destination, and operates to detect an occurrence of failure in two paths being established between the packet source and the packet destination in the communication network system, and wherein the processor transmits packet data including user data through one of the two paths, and when one of the node apparatuses detects an occurrence of a failure in one of the two paths, the processor changes the path to the other path.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring a packet network by using call detail records (CDRs) are disclosed. The method first receives at least one call detail record (CDR) at a completion of a call from at least one voice gateway router that serviced said call and analyzes said at least one CDR. The method then monitors at least one performance parameter in accordance with said at least one CDR.

Abstract: A system is used to analyze the implementation of a protocol by a device-under-analysis (DUA). The system includes a source endpoint, a destination endpoint (the DUA), and a message generator. The source endpoint generates an original message and attempts to send it to the DUA. The original message is intercepted by the message generator, which generates a replacement message. The replacement message is then sent to the DUA instead of the original message. The replacement message is deliberately improper so as to analyze the DUA's implementation of the protocol. The message generator includes a structure recognition system and a mutation system. The structure recognition system determines the underlying structure and/or semantics of a message. After the structure recognition system has determined the structure, it creates a description of the structure (a structure description). The mutation system modifies the message based on the structure description to generate a replacement message.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using ad hoc networks in cooperation with service provider networks. Multi-network devices communicate with each other as peers in an ad hoc network while each accessing a service provider network. The multi-network devices may each receive the same real-time multimedia stream, be it broadcast or unicast, while sharing stream parity information. The peers may take corrective action to maintain uninterrupted playback of the real-time multimedia stream with no or minimal loss in perceived quality. The peers may further cooperate to facilitate bandwidth and power optimization, fast channel switching, and real-time mobile traffic and network analysis, displays and alerts.

Abstract: An access terminal determines whether a parameter encoded in a signal received from an embedded access point is identified by a list in a memory of the access terminal. Based on the determination, the access terminal initiates communication with a radio area network through the embedded access point.

Abstract: There is disclosed a system and method for implementing a control plane/data plane test to evaluate the performance of a device under test upon the occurrence of a critical event. The method may be performed by a network testing system.

Abstract: A method and system are provided to select address providers that provide mobile internet protocol devices with addresses for communication. An embodiment of the method includes obtaining an address request having a dynamic indicator. Upon obtaining an address request with a dynamic indicator, associating the dynamic indicator with one or more address providers based on the dynamic indicator. The address request is then communicated to one of the address providers associated with the dynamic indicator.

Abstract: Method for reducing call initiation collisions in a wireless communication system includes determining, at an eNodeB, a need to reduce a number of call initiation requests arriving from a plurality of user equipment (UEs). One operation provides broadcasting, by the eNodeB, a notification message to the UEs responsive to the determining of the need to reduce the number of call initiation requests, the notification message including information for facilitating a determination of whether a receiving UE is permitted to transmit a call initiation request to the eNodeB. Another feature includes receiving, at the eNodeB, the call initiation request from one or more of the plurality of UEs that are determined to be permitted to transmit the call initiation request.

Abstract: Example methods, apparatus and articles of manufacture to monitor communication paths in communication systems are disclosed. An example method includes identifying links of a communication system, the links communicatively coupling router pairs, identifying communication paths in the communication system, each of the communication paths being routed via one or more of the links, testing the links during a first interval by testing at least a first portion of the communication paths, testing the links during the second interval by testing at least a second portion of the communication paths, changing the first portion of the communication paths to include at least one of the communication paths from the second portion of the communication paths such that testing the first portion of the communication paths and testing the second portion of the communication paths collectively test each of the links, and identifying a link failure based on the testing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to diagnosing problems in a dual stack network supporting Internet Protocol Version Six (IPV6). Inventoried information can be retrieved from an inventory system in response to a problem associated the dual stack network. It can be determined whether a mismatch exists between live customer address information associated with a customer edge router and the inventoried information. A notification can be generated in response to determining whether a mismatch exists. The notification includes information representing a cause of the problem and resolution of the problem.

Abstract: Manageability tools are provided for allowing an administrator to have better control over switches in a lossless network of switches. These tools provide the ability to detect slow drain and congestion bottlenecks, detect stuck virtual channels and loss of credits, while hold times on edge ASICs to be different from hold times encore ASICs, and mitigate severe latency bottlenecks.

Abstract: A virtual tunnel method is described herein which implemented by a host and next hop routers to address a problem that is related to synchronizing active tunnel(s) and active link(s) between the host and next hop routers. Furthermore, a multiple tunnel management method is described herein which implemented by a host to address the problem that is related to synchronizing active tunnel(s) and active link(s) between the host and multiple next hop routers.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a fault detection method and system. The method includes: sending port scan packets based on at least two port pairs to a destination end, where each port pair includes a source port number and a destination port number and corresponds to a path between a source end and the destination end; receiving a response packet sent by the destination end, where the response packet carries a port pair which does not receive a port scan packet; and based on the port pair, determining a faulty path. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, port scan packets are sent based on multiple port pairs, so that the port scan packets can reach the destination end through multiple paths, so as to detect multiple paths between the source end and the destination end. The present invention can implement more efficient fault detection.

Abstract: A set of one or more receiver parameters is adjusted. It is determined whether to adjust the set of receiver parameters. In the event it is determined to adjust the set of receiver parameters, a new set of values is generated for the set of receiver parameters using a cost function (where the cost function does not assume a noise signal in a receive signal to have a particular statistical distribution) and the set of receiver parameters is changed to have the new set of values.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for a resilient IP ring protocol. A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, a communication device using a resilient internet protocol (IP) ring protocol, including a controller (602) that manages operations of a transceiver (620) for exchanging messages in a communication system with adjacent ring nodes in a communication ring architecture (300). The controller can be programmed to use sub-second level signaling between adjacent ring nodes to determine when adjacent ring nodes have failed and enable failure options upon detection of an adjacent ring-node failure. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A method, device, and system for traffic switching in Multi-Protocol Label Switching Traffic Engineering (MPLS TE) are disclosed. The method includes: transmitting traffic over a standby Label Switching Path (LSP) after detecting fault of an active LSP; detecting that the forwarding entry on the active LSP is delivered completely after the fault of the active LSP is rectified; and switching the traffic to the active LSP, and transmitting the traffic over the active LSP. The present invention ensures that the forwarding entry on the active LSP is delivered completely, and prevents packet loss and traffic loss in the case of switching the traffic back from the standby LSP to the active LSP, thus improving the user experience and enhancing the network availability and stability.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described that improve the alarming logic for Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) flapping events. Embodiments provide an alarm threshold on BGP flapping conditions and alert on BGP related events. A reduction in silent failures and network outage minutes is achieved.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for BFD to Y.1731 internetworking are described. In one embodiment, a method of processing defect conditions in a maintenance endpoint (MEP) of a first domain, the MEP a component of a bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) to Y.1731 interworking interface (IWF) in a multi-protocol label switching (MPLS) network is described.

Abstract: A network node for routing messages in a communications system, includes at least one network interface that communicates messages with a plurality of other network nodes, and a microprocessor that sends and receives messages. The microprocessor transitions from operation in an active-with-peer state to operation in an active-without-peer state in response to detecting that a standby inter-chassis redundancy (ICR) node has become or will become at least partially non-functional as a backup message router for the network node. While operating in the active-with-peer state, the microprocessor responds to a switchover triggering event by switching-over at least part of its message routing responsibility to the standby ICR node. In contrast, while operating in an active-without-peer state, the microprocessor does not switchover routing responsibility to the standby ICR node in response to the switchover triggered event.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for discovering network paths between network devices in a distance-vector network are provided. The method may include providing a node model of network devices in a distance-vector network. The node model may include a network address corresponding to a network device. The network address may be used to query the network device for routing information. This routing information may be used to identify another network address corresponding to a second network device, and to identify a path from the first network device to the second network device. These devices and the path therebetween may be mapped in the node model. Finally, the second network device may be queried for subsequent routing information to identify and map subsequent devices and paths.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a layer-2 network that includes a cloud switch is partitioned into a plurality of segments, each segment including one or more cloud switch domains that are coupled via a logical port to a corresponding one of a plurality of internal logical shared media links. One of the internal logical shared media links is provisioned as a hub. One or more remaining internal logical shared media links are defaulted to be spokes. A spanning tree protocol (STP) is executed within each segment. The logical port of each cloud switch domain advertises a pseudo root bridge identifier (ID) to cause the internal logical shared media link to appear attached to a Root. The advertised pseudo root bridge ID of the hub is chosen to have a higher priority than the pseudo root bridge ID of the spokes to establish a hub and spoke relationship among the segments.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of adjusting transmission power are provided. Transmission power configuration information is acquired, where the transmission power configuration information includes a transmission power lower limit and a transmission power upper limit; modulation mode configuration information is acquired, where the modulation mode configuration information includes a lower limit modulation mode and an upper limit modulation mode; current channel information is acquired; calculation is performed according to the current channel information, the transmission power configuration information and the modulation mode configuration information to obtain first transmission power and a first modulation mode; and signal transmission is controlled according to the first transmission power and the first modulation mode.

Abstract: A system and method supporting efficient, scalable stateful switchover of transport layer connections in a telecommunications network element. One method involves receiving, at a network element comprising an active transport protocol process coupled to a standby protocol process, a request to configure a first transport layer connection maintained at the active transport protocol process for stateful switchover; receiving an event associated with the first transport layer connection; creating a message containing replicated event information based on the received event; sending the message to the standby transport protocol process; and processing the message at the standby transport protocol process, wherein the standby transport protocol process replicates state information for the first connection.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an aggregation device is configured to aggregate traffic of a plurality of customer edge (CE) devices into a single bridge-domain. The aggregation device receives connectivity fault management (CFM) packets of a CFM protocol from the plurality of CE devices. Each received CFM packet includes a media access control (MAC) address of an access port of the CE device from which the CFM packet was transmitted. The aggregation device detects conflicting MAC addresses between access ports of CE devices by comparing MAC addresses of the received CFM packets. The aggregation device notifies one or more of the plurality of CE devices of the conflict.

Abstract: Aspects relate to methods, devices and manufacturing relating to routing networks including a method for routing data units. The data units are individually routable through a routing network. A reservation request data unit is received over the routing network and from a sender. At least one speculative data unit associated with the reservation request data unit from the sender is received. The at least one speculative data unit is dropped in response to the at least one speculative data unit being blocked within the routing network. The sender is provided, over the routing network, a negative acknowledgement data unit that indicates the dropping of the at least one speculative data unit. The sender is provided a grant data unit indicating a start time. After the start time, at least one non-speculative data unit corresponding to the reservation request from the sender is received.

Abstract: A redundant communication system may include: a plurality of multiple communication apparatuses configured to function as a gateway, the same network address being allocated to all of the plurality of multiple communication apparatuses on a network; a setting unit configured to set one of the plurality of multiple communication apparatuses to be an active system as a first communication apparatus, the setting unit being configured to set the other of the plurality of multiple communication apparatuses to be a standby system as a second communication apparatus; and a switch configured to open to the network only the first communication apparatus.

Abstract: In embodiments of the present invention, multicast traffic is simultaneously routed via all switches participating in the trunk (can be referred to as partner switches). A respective partner switch synchronizes the local multicast state information with all other partner switches. For a respective multicast group, a plurality of partner switches can be the part of the corresponding multicast distribution tree and obtain multicast traffic from uplink sources. For the multicast group, only one partner switch is elected as the primary forwarder which forwards the multicast traffic via the trunk. Another partner switch can become the primary forwarder for the multicast traffic of another multicast group and provide load sharing of multicast traffic between partner switches. Furthermore, because the partner switches have the multicast traffic and state readily available, in the event of a switch or link failure to the primary forwarder, another partner switch can readily become the primary forwarder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing automated processing of a switched voice alarm on a switched and/or Internet Protocol (IP) network are disclosed. For example, the method receives an alarm associated with a switched voice service, and retrieves a Local Routing Number (LRN) or Primary Inter-exchange Carrier (PIC) information from a switch serving a call associated with a caller's telephone number. The method determines if the alarm is due to one or more service degradations, and notifies a work center responsible for one or more of the service degradations if the alarm is due to the one or more service degradations.

Abstract: There is provided a test apparatus for testing a device under test, including a receiving section that receives a packet from the device under test, a packet data sequence storing section that stores a data sequence included in each type of packet and received data included in the packet received by the receiving section, a transmission data processing section that reads data from the packet data sequence storing section and generates a test data sequence by adjusting a predetermined portion of a data sequence of a packet to be transmitted to the device under test to have a value corresponding to the received data, and a transmitting section that transmits the test data sequence generated by the transmission data processing section to the device under test.

Abstract: A method of tracing Ethernet frame delay between network devices is described that includes outputting a delay trace message Ethernet frame to a target MEP network device. The method also includes receiving one or more delay trace response Ethernet frames from one or more MEG intermediate point (MIP) network devices positioned along a network path from the originating MEP network device to the target MEP network device. The method also includes receiving a delay trace response Ethernet frame from the target MEP network device. In some embodiments, the method includes calculating delay associated with portions of the network between each of the network devices using the received responses.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to enable a real-time distribution even if the band of a network varies. A distributing apparatus receives a packet retransmission request or a packet restoration notification, which is transmitted from a receiving apparatus, with an error information receiving unit. If the number of received retransmission requests or that of restoration notifications becomes equal to or larger than a certain value, a distribution band controlling unit decreases a band used to distribute a packet by a certain band.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for synchronizing sequence numbers in a packet flow. One such method includes receiving a sequence number synchronization request from a redundancy peer. The sequence number synchronization request is associated with a packet flow. The method also includes incrementing by a fixed amount a packet sequence number for the packet flow, after the sequence number synchronization request. The method also includes transmitting a next packet including the incremented packet sequence number to the communication peer.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch. The switch includes a forwarding mechanism and a control mechanism. During operation, the forwarding mechanism forwards frames based on their Ethernet headers. The control mechanism operates the switch in conjunction with a separate physical switch as a single logical switch and assigns a virtual switch identifier to the logical switch, wherein the virtual switch identifier is associated with a link aggregation group.

Abstract: A first Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) Internet Protocol (IP) data network transmits data to a second MPLS IP network via a legacy network, which would not otherwise be able to handle the required user network interface (UNI) protocol by configuring the legacy network and its network management system (TNMS) so that they emulate an MPLS network. When a first network element (NE) receives a connection (UNI) request from the MPLS network under a UNI protocol, the UNI request is passed to the TNMS, which then sets the required connection across the legacy network via a second edge NE to an NE of the second network. Once the connection has been set, the TNMS instructs the edge NE to send a return signal to the requesting network indicating that the connection has been successfully set. Data packets may then be transmitted across the network.

Abstract: Techniques for quick advertisement of a failure of a cellular router in a network are described herein. In one example, problems with the cellular router in the network are recognized, such as by the cellular router itself, or by a node in communication with the cellular router. In response, one or more cellular router failure notification packets are sent by the cellular router prior to failure and/or one or more nodes within a cell served by the failing cellular router. The cellular router failure notification packets indicate that the cellular router is failing, thereby starting a discovery process in each node, wherein an attempt is made to discover a new cellular router.

Abstract: A Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) terminal has a Quality of Service (QoS) monitoring function and uses a QoS monitoring method. In a VoIP system performing real-time voice communication over an IP network, a packet loss value and a time-axis index value are detected, and are calculated from a real-time transport protocol (RTP) packet and an RTP control protocol (RTCP) packet, a QoS state value of the network is obtained in real time, the detected QoS state value is compared to a preset QoS state table, and thus a QoS state of the IP network is displayed for users.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a switch. The switch includes a port management module and a notification module. During operation, the port management module identifies a local port selected to be in a blocking state associated with a spanning tree. The notification module constructs a notification message associated with the blocking state.

Abstract: A network interface device for a data processing system comprising: one or more network connection ports for connection to a network; a routing table supported at a memory of the network interface device; a controller operable to modify the routing table; and a control plane interface of the controller arranged to receive routing table update instructions carried in one or more control packets received at the said ports; wherein the control plane interface is configured to, on receiving a routing table update instruction, cause the controller to update the routing table in accordance with the routing table update instruction.

Abstract: A system and techniques to increase the redundancy (i.e., physical diversity and bandwidth) available to an IP network, thereby increasing the failure processing capability of IP networks. The techniques include pooling the resources of multiple networks together for mutual backup purposes to improve network reliability and employing methods to efficiently utilize both the intradomain and the interdomain redundancies provided by networks at low cost.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention includes, in a root node along a secondary label switching path, a computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored on a non-transitory medium that when executed by a processor cause the root node to perform the following: establish a first data plane based failure detection session having an inactive status along a first label switching path (LSP) with at least one leaf node, receive a predetermined number of notification messages from the leaf node, wherein the predetermined number of notification messages indicate the failure of a second data plane based failure detection session along a second LSP from a second processor to the leaf node, and change the status of the first data plane based failure detection session to active along the first LSP upon receipt of the predetermined number of notification messages.

Abstract: A route monitor control system includes a plurality of OAM cell handlers (OCHs); a plurality of virtual path handlers (VPHs); a plurality of virtual channel handlers (VCHs); trunks; and a control unit. The control unit issues an OAM (operation and maintenance) cell send instruction to a specific one of the plurality of OAM cell handlers, and carries out a loop back control to at least one of the virtual path handler, the virtual channel handler, and the trunk, which are associated with the specific OAM cell handler, as an object unit in response to the OAM cell send instruction. Also, when the specific OAM cell handler sends out an OAM cell from the specific OAM cell handler to the object unit in response to the OAM cell send instruction, the control unit determines a fault position based on returning or non-returning of the OAM cell from the object unit to the specific OAM cell handler.

Abstract: A mobile radio communication system and method of initiating a circuit-switched service at a mobile station over a System Architecture Evolution (SAE) core network using packet-switched communications between the mobile station and the SAE core network is provided. The method includes communicating service handling information between a Mobile Switching Centre (MSC) and the mobile station through a Mobility Management Entity (MME) of the SAE core network; sending instructions from the MSC for setting up the circuit-switched service through a Media Gateway, coupled to at least one network external to the SAE core network; providing packet-switched addressing information for the Media Gateway to the mobile station; and initiating the circuit-switched service at the mobile station over the SAE core network and through the Media Gateway.

Abstract: A virtual chassis system includes a plurality of network nodes configured with a master virtual chassis address. The network nodes are connected by virtual fabric link (VFLs) that provide a connection for exchange of data packets between the network nodes. The data packets include source MAC addresses and associated hardware device information, such as source chassis ID, source network interface identifier and source port identifier information. The network nodes use this information to maintain synchronized MAC address tables for forwarding of data packets in the virtual chassis system. One or more control protocols in the network node are used for topology discovery, master network node election, generation of routing tables, health monitoring and other functions.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of detecting a failed link in a network over which nodes are interconnected via links. The nodes include an observer node and a managed node. This method, implemented for the observer node, includes: determining, for each of prefixes in receive route-update messages, a single normal-state path; determining, for each of the links (i.e.

Abstract: Cell outage within a wireless communication network is automatically mitigated. This way, neither manual operator intervention nor manual base station reconfiguration is needed to cover problematic cells. Quality of wireless services provided by the network improves when cell outage is automatically mitigated. In one embodiment, cell outage is mitigated in a wireless communication network by automatically communicating cell status messages between radio base stations or within a node that controls the radio base stations (300) indicating whether one or more cells within the network are currently disabled or expected to be disabled. The coverage area of one or more preexisting cells is modified to cover those cells which are currently disabled or expected to be disabled as indicated by the cell status messages (302). The inter-base station interface can also be used to send messages directly between the base stations indicating addition of new cells or deletion of preexisting cells.

Abstract: When a service providing device which provides a service to a mobile communication terminal has entered a service stop state, a managing device connected to the service providing device instructs service providing devices other than the service providing device which has entered the service stop state, to release a resource of a mobile communication terminal to which a service has been provided by the service providing device which has entered the service stop state.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for routing of data transmitted from a mobile electronic device to a first host of a plurality of hosts in a communication network using a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is provided. It is determined, at a network element having a same address as a first host of a plurality of network hosts, that the first host has failed via receipt of BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) rerouted data, the BGP rerouted data originally transmitted to the first host from a communication device. A negative acknowledgement (NACK), identifiable as having been transmitted by the network element, is transmitted to the communication device to trigger the communication device to transmit data that was to be transmitted to the first host to another of the plurality of network hosts.

Abstract: A method performed by network devices that includes operating in a normal mode, where the network devices form a virtual chassis that corresponds to a single logical network device; detecting when a failure within the virtual chassis occurs; executing a splitting process to form one or more new virtual chassis in correspondence to the failure; determining whether one of the one or more new virtual chassis operates as a functioning virtual chassis based on whether at least one of a set of criteria is satisfied, where the functioning virtual chassis operates according to resources configured for the virtual chassis; and operating as a nonfunctioning virtual chassis when it is determined that the one of the one or more virtual chassis does not satisfy the at least one of the set of criteria, where the nonfunctioning virtual chassis operates in a pass-through mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are used for detecting a radio link (RL) failure and a post verification process. A quality of a downlink fractional dedicated physical channel (F-DPCH) is monitored once a transmission on an enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) has begun. It is determined whether the quality of the downlink F-DPCH is below a predefined threshold. If the quality is below the predefined threshold, then an occurrence of an RL failure is declared and a transmission over the E-DCH in a cell forward access channel (CELL_FACH) state is terminated. In a case of the post verification failure, E-DCH resources are released.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing automated processing of a switched voice alarm on a switched and/or Internet Protocol (IP) network are disclosed. For example, the method receives an alarm associated with a switched voice service, and retrieves a Local Routing Number (LRN) or Primary Inter-exchange Carrier (PIC) information from a switch serving a call associated with a caller's telephone number. The method determines if the alarm is due to one or more service degradations, and notifies a work center responsible for one or more of the service degradations if the alarm is due to the one or more service degradations.