Abstract: The present invention discloses a single-wire transmission interface, and a method of transmission through single-wire. The method comprises: providing a single-wire signal through a single-wire; and transmitting information only in a transmission period defined by a fixed first time period starting from one of a rising or a falling edge of the single-wire signal.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a given access terminal (AT) detects a request to initiate a Push-to-Talk (PTT) session, and stores first time information indicative of when the request to initiate the PTT session is detected. The given AT sends the request as a message to an access network, which forwards an announce message to announce the PTT session to a plurality of access terminals. At least one of the plurality ATs accepts the announce message to join the PTT session, and the access network sends a message to the given AT granting permission to begin the PTT session. The given AT stores second time information indicative of when the permission is received, and sends PTT latency information based on the first and second time information to the access network, the PTT latency information related to an initial PTT latency of the PTT session.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer-readable storage media for reducing monopolization of a frequency channel during full-duplex communications. The MAC layer of governing communications can be modified to reduce likelihood of monopolization by (1) in networks which are exclusively filled with full-duplex devices, configuring non-communicating devices to ignore data collisions of communicating devices, requiring the communicating devices to wait for an standard backoff time after the data transmission is complete; and/or (2) in mixed half-duplex/full-duplex networks, requiring a half-duplex nodes and/or a full- duplex node to wait an extended duration after the data transmission is complete, while the non-communicating devices do not wait an extended duration.

Abstract: Techniques to control shared antenna architectures for multiple co-located radio modules are disclosed. The shared antenna architecture may include a combiner and at least one bypass switch for enabling simultaneous operations or mutually-exclusive operations of multiple transceivers. Dynamic gain control is employed to accommodate different front-end losses associated with a variety of signal paths that are achievable using the switch and combiner. Such dynamic gain control can include selecting from multiple sets of amplifier gain values that are tailored to meet the needs of the particular applications that are active at a particular time. Gain values can be chosen based upon received gain information including characteristics including a desired path loss, an application demand, a radio module type, a path configuration, and a mode of operation. By providing dynamic selection of gain values based on application demands, range and throughput of the transceivers can be attained.

Abstract: An Femtocell/WLAN communication device, comprising a Femtocell module for cellular wireless communications, the Femtocell module having an input for receiving a first electrical input signal and an output for outputting a first electrical output signal, a WLAN module for WLAN communications, the WLAN module having an input for receiving a second electrical input signal and an output for outputting a second electrical output signal, an optical interface having a first conversion path connected to the output of the Femtocell module, a second conversion path connected to the output of the WLAN module, a third conversion path connected to the input of the Femtocell module, and a fourth conversion path connected to the input of the WLAN module, and a common port for receiving the first optical input signal and the second optical input signal, and for outputting the first optical output signal and the second optical output signal.

Abstract: A radio transceiver including a transmitter and a receiver. A filter coupled to an output of the transmitter, the filter has one or more inductors and one or more capacitors, where the filter is tuned by varying one or more capacitance values of the one or more capacitors in the filter to tune the filter. The one or more capacitors are Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) ceramic integrated capacitors that are each tuned by application of a bias voltage thereto. A filter tuner circuit is configured to apply the bias voltage to the one or more capacitors, where the bias voltage is initially established as a stored initial value, and where the bias voltage is refined by a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller configured to optimize a power within the transceiver. This abstract is not to be considered limiting since various implementations may incorporate more, fewer or different elements.

Abstract: A system and method for establishing windows that govern the exchange of acknowledgements in a full-duplex communication. The window is established for two nodes which transmit asymmetric frame sizes in full-duplex mode. The window is related to the size of the asymmetric frames. Frames are exchanged in full-duplex between the two nodes, and the window size is defined as enabling the nodes to send data until the number of unacknowledged frames at the nodes is less than or equal to the window size, at which point acknowledgments are exchanged simultaneously. In sending the acknowledgment, both nodes can send acknowledgments simultaneously in full-duplex in the same frequency bin.

Abstract: An aircraft communication system includes primary and secondary networks. The system also includes an interconnection gateway with a filtered interface connected to only one of the primary and secondary networks, and an unfiltered interface connected to the other network. The filtered interface includes first incoming and outgoing buffers, a memory, and a selector. The unfiltered interface includes second incoming and outgoing buffers. The second incoming buffer sends all frames received from the other network to the first outgoing buffer for distribution through the only one network. The selector selects common data frames corresponding to virtual link identifiers in a stored list and copies only the selected common data frames from the first incoming buffer to the second outgoing buffer of the unfiltered interface for distribution through the other one of the networks.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a client device determines when it is coupled to an IoT/LLN device to establish and enable an IP link between a headset interface on the client device and a signal interface on the IoT/LLN device. Once the IP link is established, a duplex data signal is transmitted between the client device and the IoT/LLN device, via the IP link.

Abstract: Provided is a network duplexing apparatus and method. The network duplexing apparatus includes a plurality of network interface units configured to store information of a flow flowing in the network interface units when the information of the flow is not generated, provide the information of the flow to a master unit when the flow corresponds to an asymmetric flow, and request information of an opposite side flow of the flow from the master unit to receive the requested information, and the master unit configured to store the information of the flow provided from the network interface unit, determine whether the information of the opposite side flow of the flow is stored, and provide the information of the opposite side flow to the network interface unit when the information of the opposite side flow is stored.

Abstract: An apparatus including a port to transmit first frames and receive second frames over a communication channel, the port including a collision detect circuit and a duplex mismatch circuit. The collision detect circuit detects collisions on the communication channel between the first frames and the second frames. The duplex mismatch circuit declares a duplex mismatch when the communication channel was established without attempting auto-negotiation, the port is in a half-duplex mode, and the collision detect circuit detects a very late collision involving one of the first frames. The very late collision occurs after a predetermined amount of data has been transmitted in the one of the first frames. The duplex mismatch indicates that a full-duplex mode is used with respect to the second frames.

Abstract: A method for communication includes receiving in a receiver signals, which include one or more dedicated reference signals, that are transmitted from a transmitter over a communication channel in multiple blocks. The signals in each block, including the dedicated reference signals, are transmitted on a respective group of subcarriers over a respective time interval and are precoded using a respective precoding scheme that maps the signals onto multiple antenna ports of the transmitter. Based on the received signals, feedback is computed in the receiver with respect to the communication channel in each of multiple spectral sub-bands, and the feedback for the multiple spectral sub-bands is reported to the transmitter. One or more parameters of the communication channel are estimated jointly over the dedicated reference signals included in each of the spectral sub-bands for which the feedback is reported. The signals are decoded based on the estimated parameters.

Abstract: A transceiver includes a transmitter circuit, a receiver circuit, and the loopback switch. The transmitter circuit performs a digital-to-analog conversion (DAC) operation on a calibration code without a transmission digital signal in a calibration mode to generate a calibration signal. The transmitter circuit up-converts the calibration signal and generates a transmission signal. The receiver circuit down-converts the transmission signal in the calibration mode and generates a receiving digital signal. The loopback switch electrically connects an output terminal of the transmitter circuit and an input terminal of the receiver circuit in the calibration mode. Thus, the transceiver may stably reduce a carrier leakage irrespective of processes, voltages, and temperatures.

Abstract: A wireless communications system supports both cellular communications and direct peer to peer communications. The cellular communications use FDD downlink and uplink bands for control and traffic signaling. An access point employs control over direct peer to peer communications. Peer to peer mode control signals from the access point are transmitted to wireless terminals using the FDD cellular downlink band. Peer to peer mode control signals from wireless terminals are transmitted to an access point using the FDD cellular uplink band. Peer to peer traffic signals between wireless terminals are communicated using a TDD band. In one embodiment, the access point communicates priority information to peer to peer network wireless terminals, and the wireless terminals make peer to peer traffic transmission decisions in a decentralized manner using the received priority information. In another embodiment, the access point directly schedules peer to peer traffic in the peer to peer network.

Abstract: A method for providing bidirectional communication between segments of a home network includes receiving a first communication signal at a first interface of an inter-domain bridge during a first time interval; receiving a second communication signal at a second interface of the inter-domain bridge during the first time interval; generating a superimposed signal of the first communication signal and the second communication signal; and transmitting the superimposed signal through the first interface and the second interface during a second time interval. The second time interval occurs after the first time interval.

Abstract: An apparatus (300) and method (400) provides an adaptive end-to-end (E2E) delay threshold (DT) for one-way transmission of information blocks in an information stream of a conversation. Information streams of the conversation are monitored (410), and the E2E DT duration is determined based on detected occurrences of one or more interactive properties 5 associated with the information streams of the conversation (412). Using the adaptive E2E DT duration value, a determination is made as to whether to perform at least one Quality of Service (QoS) function (416).

Abstract: A module for a mobile radio device is proposed, whose central element is a multiswitch MS, which, as desired, can connect outputs for transmission and/or reception branches SZ, EZ of different mobile radio systems to an antenna ANT. The module is suitable for a multiband operation and, optionally, additional multimode operations and includes at least one pair of outputs for transmission and reception branches of a frequency duplexed mobile radio system. Between each output of the multiswitch and the antenna, a matching element is provided, which allows an electrical matching of the branches to be connected to it. The duplex operation is carried out via separate transmission and reception filters, or on the switch via separate outputs for transmission and reception branches.

Abstract: A fractional rate converting filter in a wireless transceiver comprising a delay line, multiplier circuit, adder circuit, and selector. The delay line receives a digital input signal at a first sample rate and has delay blocks each providing an output and receiving samples gated at a plurality of clock cycles of an integer sub-multiple frequency of a clock. The outputs are multiplied by corresponding filter tap coefficients. Each filter tap coefficient is spaced by a first integer Y. The adder circuit receives and sums the tap outputs to provide an output signal. The selector iteratively shifts the coefficients by a second integer Z. The output of each delay block is multiplied by corresponding shifted filter tap coefficients. The delay blocks are inhibited from receiving another input sample during the plurality of clock cycles. The output signal has a second sample rate at the integer sub-multiple frequency of the clock.

Abstract: A receiver for receiving RF-signals in a plurality of different communication bands, each communication band including a receive frequency range and a transmit frequency range includes a plurality of receiving ports, a plurality of input circuits, a first inductor and a second inductor. Each receiving port is configured to receive RF-signals in a receive frequency range of a communication band. Each input circuit is connected to an associated receiving port for processing RF-signals applied to the receiving port. The first inductor is connected to a first group of input circuits and the second inductor is connected to a second group of input circuits, wherein the first group of input circuits and the second group of input circuits are disjunct.

Abstract: The invention has in particular as an object the synchronization of a local clock of an equipment item in a communication network according to synchronization frames emitted by a reference equipment item and transmitted via a switch. After it has received (700) a synchronization frame emitted by the reference equipment item and including its time point of emission, the switch transmits (730) the said received synchronization frame after a delay that is fixed, at least on average, counting from the reception of the said synchronization frame by the said switch (725). The local clock of the equipment item, after reception of the said synchronization frame by the equipment item, is synchronized according to the said time point of emission, to the time point of reception of the said synchronization frame and to the said delay.

Abstract: A method comprises transmitting a plurality of copies of a message from each of a first transmission node and a second transmission node, each copy having a respective identification and forwarding each of the plurality of copies of the message among other nodes in the network based, at least in part, on the respective identification of each copy such that each copy of the message traverses a predetermined communication path among the other nodes. A respective first received copy is compared to a respective second received copy at each of the other nodes. The integrity of the respective first and second copies is validated at each of the other nodes if the copies match and the copies traversed disjoint communication paths.

Abstract: A communication system where first and second devices communicate concurrently and bidirectionally over a single wire, in addition to a ground. The second device can be a computing device having a powered component which requires a certain power output, for instance, and the first device may be a power supply unit. The second device provides a signal on a control line (the single wire) which is characterized by a frequency, pulse width, duty cycle and/or an amplitude which is associated with a message from the second device. The first device recognizes the message in the signal and invokes a corresponding function, such as by enabling a corresponding power supply. The power supply provides power to the second device via a separate power line. Further, the first device modifies the signal, without adding power, to provide a message from the first device, concurrent with the message from the second device.

Abstract: A method for maintaining transmit audio quality under harsh environmental conditions, the method includes receiving audio signals into a microphone of a portable communication device and determining at least one parameter associated with the received audio signals. In accordance with an embodiment, the at least one parameter is compared with a received audio parameter threshold. When the at least one parameter falls outside of the received audio parameter threshold, the audio routing is switched from the microphone to the loudspeaker. Subsequent communication may revert back to the microphone or remain at the loudspeaker depending on monitored audio conditions.

Abstract: Techniques for performing traffic classification for uplink and bi-directional traffic streams are described. A station receives packets for transmission on the uplink to an access point. The station identifies packets for each uplink traffic stream and packets for each bi-directional traffic stream based on at least one classification parameter for each traffic stream. The station sends packets for each traffic stream in accordance with at least one QoS parameter for the traffic stream. The access point receives packets for transmission on the downlink to at least one station. The access point identifies packets for each downlink traffic stream and packets for each bi-directional traffic stream based on at least one classification parameter for each traffic stream. The access point sends packets for each traffic stream in accordance with at least one QoS parameter for the traffic stream.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling high-speed, low-latency global collective communications among interconnected processing nodes. The global collective network optimally enables collective reduction operations to be performed during parallel algorithm operations executing in a computer structure having a plurality of the interconnected processing nodes. Router devices are included that interconnect the nodes of the network via links to facilitate performance of low-latency global processing operations at nodes of the virtual network. The global collective network may be configured to provide global barrier and interrupt functionality in asynchronous or synchronized manner. When implemented in a massively-parallel supercomputing structure, the global collective network is physically and logically partitionable according to needs of a processing algorithm.

Abstract: Today, 100BaseT is commonly used in industrial Ethernet application. As a result of being in such an environment, Ethernet cables are subject to abuse, which can result in costly failures and repairs. Here, a system is provided that enables use of remaining and largely undamaged twisted-pairs within Ethernet cables to maintain 100BaseT connections without costly repairs and failures.

Abstract: A multi-carrier transmission system configured to enable variable modulation order reception is contemplated. The system may be configured to facilitate delivery of high-speed (HSD) over frequency division duplexing (FDD) and/or time division duplexing (TDD) infrastructures to a plurality of receiving devices. Signaling used to facilitate delivery of the HSD may be selectively and dynamically modulated according to performance capabilities of the receiving devices for a given transmission interval.

Abstract: A relay transmission method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: configuring a subframe of a Time Division Duplex (TDD) relay frame for a subframe of relay link (S201), where the configuring the subframe of the TDD relay frame for the subframe of relay link includes: configuring a downlink (DL) subframe of the TDD relay frame for a DL subframe of relay link, and/or configuring the DL subframe of the TDD relay frame for an uplink (UL) subframe of relay link, and/or configuring a UL subframe of the TDD relay frame for the UL subframe of relay link; and performing relay transmission according to the subframe of relay link (S202). When data is transmitted, a subframe that can be used for relay link transmission is configured, data transmission performed by using relay link complies with inherent constraints of a TDD frame structure in the prior art, and coverage of a system using a TDD relay frame is expanded, thus improving the throughput.

Abstract: A method and a network device for controlling a jitter buffer are disclosed. The method comprises providing a jitter buffer to counter the effect of jitter in a communication channel and comprises determining a duplex mode of the communication channel. The method further comprises adjusting parameters of the jitter buffer in response to determination of the duplex mode, half-duplex mode and full-duplex mode respectively having respective sets of parameters associated therewith. A network device comprises a jitter buffer to counter the effect of jitter in a communication channel and a controller operable to determine a duplex mode of the communication channel and to adjust parameters of the jitter buffer in response to determination of the duplex mode, half-duplex mode and full-duplex mode having respective sets of parameters associated therewith.

Abstract: Systems and methods for performing MCS adaptation are provided. In some cases, the network performs MCS adaptation based on received NACKs. In other cases, the mobile station determines an MCS based on channel quality measurements, and feeds back the MCS adaptation decision to the network. In either case, NACK-only feedback may be implemented to reduce interference.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus, including a signal receiving unit that receives a signal encoded in such a way that a signal containing a first bit value and a second bit value that are mutually different, wherein the first bit value is represented by a plurality of first amplitude values, the second bit value is represented by a second amplitude value that is different from the first amplitude values, a same amplitude value is not taken successively, and polarity of the amplitude value is reversed in each period, an amplitude square unit that squares an amplitude of the signal received by the signal receiving unit, and an input data decoding unit that decodes an input data by determining the first and second bit values based on the amplitude value of the signal output from the amplitude square unit.

Abstract: A repeater environment is provided to deploy a feedback cancellation loop that is adaptively coupled with an antenna array such that a selected metric can be derived by deploying a one or more of selected metrics (e.g., composite metrics) 5 comprising a selected filter bank operative to process the signal on a bin by bin basis and the derived metric can be applied to the antenna array and feedback cancellation loop combination to improve signal integrity and amplification, beam forming operations, and pilot control and overhead channel control operations. In an illustrative implementation, an exemplary repeater environment comprises, a 10 transmitter, a receiver, an equalized feedback cancellation loop circuitry comprising a filter bank, the cancellation loop being operatively coupled to an antenna array. In the illustrative implementation, the feedback cancellation loop can receive signals as input from a cooperating antenna array and provide output signals such as a feedback leakage signal to a cooperating.

Abstract: A method of operation in a receive circuit is disclosed. The method comprises entering an initialization mode followed by receiving training data from a lossy signaling path. The training data originates from a transmit circuit. The received training data is sampled and minimax transmit equalizer coefficients are generated based on the sampled data. The minimax transmit equalizer coefficients are then transmitted back to the transmit circuit. The initialization mode is exited and an operating mode initiated, where transmit data precoded by the minimax transmit equalizer coefficients is received.

Abstract: A repeater environment is provided to operatively deploy a feedback cancellation loop that performs closed loop calculations for weights used by a feedback equalizer to improve signal integrity and amplification. In an illustrative implementation, an exemplary repeater environment comprises a transmitter, a receiver, an equalized feedback cancellation loop circuitry operative to perform one or more closed form calculations for equalizer weights. In the illustrative implementation, the feedback cancellation loop can comprise a calculation module operative to perform one or more closed form weight calculations using linear algebraic techniques as part of feedback signal cancel operations for use by the N tap feedback equalizer canceller.

Abstract: A full duplex/half duplex mismatch is detected by a full duplex/half duplex mismatch detecting apparatus connected through a network to a host. The loss rate of the transmission of a check messages is compared according to a sequential transmission pattern and the loss rate of the transmission of the check message according to divided transmission patterns by the full duplex/half duplex mismatch detecting apparatus, and if the loss rate of the transmission of the check messages according to the sequential transmission pattern is the larger, a full duplex/half duplex mismatch is determined to be present on the network path.

Abstract: A digital subscriber line arrangement includes a downstream modem, an upstream modem and a copper pair connection between the modems. Each modem includes electrical length estimation function code means which causes the respective modem to measure the attenuation of signals transmitted by the other modem at a plurality of different frequencies, and to combine these measurements, or functions thereof, together to form a combined attenuation measure and to use this combined measure to form an electrical length estimation, KL0bis. The downstream modem is operable to transmit its electrical length estimation to the upstream modem, and the upstream modem is operable to generate a definitive electrical length estimation in dependence upon both the received estimation from the downstream modem and the estimation made by the upstream modem. Having generated a definitive electrical length estimation, the upstream modem is operable to transmit this to the downstream modem.

Abstract: An active transceiver circuit for transmission of a low bitrate data signal over and reception of a high bitrate data signal from a single ended transmission medium is provided. The active transceiver circuit includes an input port for receiving a low bitrate input data signal, an output port for delivering a high bitrate output data signal, a differential input/output port for launching a low bitrate data signal into the single ended transmission medium and for receiving a high bitrate data signal from the single ended transmission medium, a first and second single ended output driver adapted for each delivering, on their respective output nodes, the shaped low bitrate input data signal, and a high bitrate receiver for receiving the signals at output nodes of the first and second single ended output drivers, and for generating a high bitrate output data signal on the output port.

Abstract: Computer code is configured to support a conversation among participants over a communication network. The computer code is configured to (i) progressively store the incoming and outgoing messages of a conversation on a communication device, (ii) display the message history of the conversation on the communication device, (iii) provide rendering options on the communication device, (iv) selectively transition participation in the conversation between a real-time mode and a time-shifted mode and (v) designate an interrupt mode for the conversation.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for providing a power-efficient driver architecture supporting rail-to-rail operation in full duplex mode. A driver is configured to drive a duplex signal over a transmission medium. A hybrid is configured to recover a received signal from the duplex signal. The received signal is generated by a remote transceiver. The driver is configured to drive the duplex signal based at least in part on the received signal recovered by the hybrid.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling transmission of signals are described. A camera-side modem is configured to receive two signals from a video camera and to extract a received passband signal from a transmission line. A detector in the camera-side modem generates an enable signal when the received passband signal is identified. The enable signal is used to control transmission of at least one of the baseband video signal and the passband video signal. The passband signal may be identified by an estimate of mean square error in a quadrature amplitude demodulator, a measurement of reliability provided by a constellation detector, a measurement of reliability based on a sequence of frame synchronizations and/or an estimate of mean square error in an equalizer. The detector may monitor a gain factor in an automatic gain control module of the camera-side modem and/or a magnitude of the received passband signal.

Abstract: A half-duplex communication system that allows a user terminal to confirm past communication contents even during a series of half-duplex communications is provided. The system includes a communication record database in which all communication contents of half-duplex communications are stored together with identifiers thereof. A half-duplex communication device for controlling half-duplex communications includes a communication record control device which receives a communication content, transmits the communication content together with the identifier thereof to the communication record database so as to store it therein, and reads out the communication record therein. In response to a communication record readout request, the half-duplex communication device reads out a communication record in place of transmitting the communication content to a user terminal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing Safe Torque Off signals using communication wires used for control signaling. Single channel Safe Torque Off signals can be provided as a DC voltage or AC voltage across two sets of twisted pair wires. Alternatively, two Safe Torque Off signals can be provided using both a DC voltage and an AC voltage across the two sets of twisted pair wires.

Abstract: In a system providing for delivery of audio signals from one or more source audio systems to two or more audio output sink systems, the sink systems establish duplex communication links (or bonds) to a bonding subsystem which is in duplex communication with the source audio systems. Data signals may be sent from sink systems, via the bonding subsystem, to request delivery of audio signals from selected audio source channels. The sink systems may request specific treatments of or modifications to audio signals to be sent to individual sinks in the sink systems. The bonding subsystem relays treatment requests from the sink system to a matrix manager which initiates and controls the processing of source audio channels as required to comply with requests from the sink system. The matrix manager then delivers the treated or modified audio output channels to the bonding subsystem for delivery to the requesting sink systems.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus that enable a wireless network system to dynamically change between full-duplex FDD operation and half-duplex FDD operation in order to take advantage of operational aspects of both modes. In one embodiment, an alternative duplex mode of operation is disclosed (semi-static half duplex FDD operation) that enables coordination between the client device (e.g., UMTS UE) and the base station in order to centralize control of radio resource control (RRC) to the base station. The disclosed methods and apparatus may also advantageously incorporate hybrid ARQ (HARQ) or comparable timing requirements into their operation.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and systems for providing data from a distributed array. In one aspect, the array is a sensor array that includes sensor nodes that are each associated with one or more sensors, and the data includes sensor data acquired from the sensors by the sensor nodes. The sensor array employs modular and interchangeable sensor nodes that are capable of self-organizing in response to a network disruption while maintaining a flow of synchronized data to the event monitor. This self-organizing characteristic enables the overall network of nodes to be self-healing and easily extensible. The improved fault resilience makes it possible to deploy the sensors without requiring complex monitoring or fault diagnosis. Embodiments of the invention can be employed in any number of applications, including without limitation, tunnel activity detection, seismic/acoustic monitoring/detection and other applications where gathering sensor data may be desired.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus that includes a plurality of parallel digital signal transmitters that each receive one of a plurality of digital sub-signals wherein each of the plurality of digital signal transmitters is configured to transmit one of the plurality of digital sub-signals that each have about the same bandwidth. The apparatus also includes a combiner coupled to the transmitters and configured to shift some of the plurality of digital sub-signals and to combine the plurality of shifted digital sub-signals into a combined digital signal that has a total bandwidth of that is approximately equal to the sum of the bandwidths of the plurality of digital sub-signals. The total bandwidth comprises a plurality of shifted bandwidths of the plurality of digital sub-signals at about the same offset with respect to each other. The combined digital signal is transmitted over a digital subscriber loop.

Abstract: A method of determining, by a first device capable of transmitting a two-state signal over a single-wire connection to a second device, the binary state of data transmitted by the second device over said connection, the state being determined according to the slope of a rising edge of the two-state signal.

Abstract: Transmitting a bidirectional, virtual differential signal in addition to other differential signals over physical communication channels. Thus, four signal lines can provide three differential signals, where the virtual differential signal is bidirectional. The virtual differential signal can be provided over one or more of the other physical communication channels. Additional configurations allow for providing a bidirectional DC power supply. Additional configurations allow for providing DC power in addition to data over a reduced number of lines. Selective switching of signal lines can allow backward and forward interoperability with other standard interfaces.

Abstract: A serial intelligent cell (SIC) and a connection topology for local area networks using Electrically-conducting media. A local area network can be configured from a plurality of SIC's interconnected so that all communications between two adjacent SIC's is both point-to-point and bidirectional. Each SIC can be connected to one or more other SIC's to allow redundant communication paths. Communications in different areas of a SIC network are independent of one another, so that there is no fundamental limit on the size or extent of a SIC network. Each SIC can optionally be connected to one or more data terminals, computers, telephones, sensors, actuators, etc., to facilitate interconnectivity among such devices. Networks according to the present invention can be configured for a variety of applications, including a local telephone system, remote computer bus extender, multiplexers, PABX/PBX functionality, security systems, and local broadcasting services.

Abstract: A serial intelligent cell (SIC) and a connection topology for local area networks using Electrically-conducting media. A local area network can be configured from a plurality of SIC's interconnected so that all communications between two adjacent SIC's is both point-to-point and bidirectional. Each SIC can be connected to one or more other SIC's to allow redundant communication paths. Communications in different areas of a SIC network are independent of one another, so that there is no fundamental limit on the size or extent of a SIC network. Each SIC can optionally be connected to one or more data terminals, computers, telephones, sensors, actuators, etc., to facilitate interconnectivity among such devices. Networks according to the present invention can be configured for a variety of applications, including a local telephone system, remote computer bus extender, multiplexers, PABX/PBX functionality, security systems, and local broadcasting services.