Abstract: A method for communicating data between a base station and a terminal device in a wireless telecommunications system, for example an LTE-based system. The wireless communication system uses plural frequency sub-carriers spanning a system frequency band. Physical-layer control information for the terminal device is transmitted from the base station using sub-carriers selected from across the system frequency band, for example to provide frequency diversity. However, higher-layer data for the terminal device is transmitted using only sub-carriers selected from within a restricted frequency band which is smaller than and within the system frequency band. The terminal device is aware of the restricted frequency band, and as such need only buffer and process data within this restricted frequency band during periods where higher-layer data is being transmitted. The terminal device buffers and processes the full system frequency band during periods when physical-layer control information is transmitted.

Abstract: A method includes initiating a chat session between a first user of a mobile device in proximity to a field device and a second user remote from the field device. The method further includes receiving, at the mobile device via the chat session, one or more commands for the field device from a computing device used by the second user. The method additionally includes sending, from the mobile device to the field device, the one or more commands for execution by the field device. The method also includes receiving, at the mobile device, information from the field device and sending, from the mobile device to the computing device via the chat session, the information.

Abstract: In some examples, a method can include transmitting, with an Access Point (AP), Request to Send (RTS) frames to a wireless client over a wireless medium; determining, with the AP, whether the medium is reserved by failed RTS frames for the client; and transmitting, with the AP, a frame to clear the medium when it is determined that the medium is reserved by failed RTS frames for the client.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method and a device for configuring a Secondary Cell (SCell) with Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) resource; receiving an Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling indicating that the PUCCH resource is de-configured from the SCell, wherein the RRC signaling includes an indication which indicates whether the UE activates or deactivates the SCell from which PUCCH resource is de-configured; de-configuring the PUCCH resource from the SCell; and activating or de-activating the SCell according to the indication after the UE de-configures PUCCH from the SCell.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for receiving a control channel in a wireless communication system. A user equipment (UE) receives, in the course of configuring a user-centric virtual cell or a cooperation-based cell cluster and performing handover, a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) from at least one of an anchor cell or a supporting neighbor cell, and receives data from at least one of the anchor cell or the supporting neighbor cell on the basis of the received PDCCH and CRS.

Abstract: A technology is described for a signal booster. The signal booster can include a selected number of uplink transmission paths. Each uplink transmission path can be configured to amplify an uplink signal at a selected band. The signal booster can include a selected number of downlink transmission paths. Each downlink transmission path can be configured to amplify a downlink signal at a selected band. The selected number of uplink transmission paths in the signal booster may not equal the selected number of downlink transmission paths in the signal booster.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to wireless communication systems configured to provide techniques for strategically placing a sounding reference signal (SRS) within a slot to improve the decoding timeline. Aspects of the disclosure further relate to wireless communication systems configured to optimize the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) search space within a slot to improve the decoding timeline. Features may also include placing the SRS near the end of the slot, such as after the uplink user data traffic and the corresponding uplink demodulation reference signal (DMRS). In addition, features may also include identifying the PDCCH search space within the slot based on at least a slot index of the slot. Other aspects, embodiments, and features are also claimed and described.

Abstract: A method for allocating bandwidth to communication according to a first communication protocol, the method comprising identifying bandwidth that is allocated to a communication channel for communication according to a second communication protocol and which forms a guard band of the communication channel and allocating the identified bandwidth to communication according to the first communication protocol, said allocation being performed non-uniformly across the identified bandwidth such that an allocation of a first portion of the identified bandwidth, which is located closer to a communication according to the second communication protocol than a second portion of the identified bandwidth, is constrained to a greater extent than an allocation of the second portion of the identified bandwidth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals using a Physical layer Protocol Data unit (PPDU) format to which Space-Time Block Coding (STBC) is applied in a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for transmitting data to a plurality of Stations (STAs) on a transmission channel by an Access Point (AP) in a WLAN may be provided. The transmission channel may be divided into a plurality of subchannels allocated to the plurality of STAs. The method may include generating a High Efficiency-Long Training Field (HE-LTF) field having a length determined based on whether Space-Time Block Coding (STBC) is applied to the plurality of subchannels, and transmitting a Physical layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) frame including the HE-LTF field and a plurality of data units for the plurality of STAs to the plurality of STAs.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer-program products for performing dynamic bandwidth switching between control signals and data signals of differing bandwidths are disclosed. A wireless communication apparatus comprises a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to transmit a control signal to a user equipment (UE) using a first bandwidth. The processor is further configured to transmit a data signal to the UE using a second bandwidth wider than the first bandwidth. The control signal and the data signal are transmitted over a single carrier frequency. The control signal comprises an indication of a characteristic of the data signal. The data signal is transmitted after the control signal such that the data signal and control signal are separated by a time interval. The time interval is based on at least a switching latency of the UE.

Abstract: A method for cancelling interference and receiving a signal by a user equipment in a wireless communication system, the method includes identifying assistance information for cancelling an interference signal transmitted from an interfering base station; cancelling the interference signal based on the assistance information; and receiving a desired signal from a serving base station, wherein the user equipment assumes a part of the assistance information for cancelling the interference signal as a limited value and then receives the interference signal, and wherein a modulation order of the interference signal as the part of the assistance information is smaller than or equal to a specific value as the limited value.

Abstract: In an example method, a base station determines that a UE is CSFB capable and that the base station is currently serving a relay on a first carrier of a plurality of carriers. The base station provides a coverage area on which to serve UEs, and the coverage area operates on the plurality of carriers. Based on at least the determining that the UE is CSFB capable and that the base station is currently serving the relay on the first carrier, the base station assigns the UE to operate on a carrier of the plurality of carriers other than the first carrier rather than having the UE operate on the first carrier on which the base station is currently serving the relay.

Abstract: A pre-coder in a radio transceiver comprises a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) spreader that DFT-spreads a block of data symbols to produce DFT-spread data symbols. The spread data symbols are mapped to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) subcarriers assigned to the radio transceiver for transmission. An OFDM transmitter employs an inverse-DFT to modulate the DFT-spread data symbols onto the OFDM subcarriers to produce a pre-coded OFDM transmission signal. The spreading reduces the OFDM transmission signal's peak to average power.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to communication methods and systems for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system utilizing technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure is applicable to intelligent services utilizing 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A Secondary Cell (SCell) method and apparatus for activating an SCell are provided for use in a mobile communication system supporting dual connectivity.

Abstract: A base station includes: a wireless communication unit that performs wireless communication with a relay device; a storage that stores information on a reflected wave of a communication channel used to communicate with the relay device; and a controller that: estimates from the information whether a communication channel upon establishing a wireless channel with the relay device is affected by a reflected wave; allocates the communication channel as the wireless channel with the relay device in a case where it is estimated from the information that the communication channel is not affected by the reflected wave; and does not allocate the communication channel as the wireless channel with the relay device in a case where it is estimated from the information that the communication channel is affected by the reflected wave.

Abstract: Technologies are described for using optical and electrical transmission of a plurality of communications services from a plurality of outside sources to a network of users via a distributed antenna system. The systems and methods disclosed herein provide for distribution of the communications services and for re-routing the services when a failure occurs. These systems and methods detect when there is a failure of the service to the network or within the network, where the failure has occurred, and how to redistribute the services via a switching network or matrix.

Abstract: A distributed antenna system includes a plurality of remote antenna units with a passive element coupled to at least one of the remote antenna units at a connection juncture. An RFID system is associated with the first passive element and has RFID data identifying the first passive element. An interrogator unit is associated with the remote antenna unit and is configured for generating a least one signal for transmission to the passive element to be reflected at the connection juncture and received at the interrogator unit. The interrogator unit is also configured for generating at least one signal for transmission to the RFID system to obtain the RFID data identifying the passive element. Processing circuitry processes the reflected signal and measures a parameter of the first passive element. The processing circuitry correlates the measured parameter with the RFID data for the passive element.

Abstract: A system and method of using time reuse frame structures for improving multi-hop communications are disclosed. Namely, the system is networked and includes a superframe structure for multi-hop communication including tiers. The system also includes a computer-implemented device located in an initiator subframe of a first tier frame of the superframe. The device including a non-transitory memory including executable instructions for multi-hop communication and a processor operably coupled thereto for executing the multi-hop communication. The system also includes a second tier frame of the superframe including at least two hopper subframes. Each of the at least two hopper subframes including a contention access period and a contention free period.

Abstract: Provided are a method for reporting a state of a relay function for another network node in a radio communication system and an apparatus using the method. The method detects a state of a relay function of a first network node and transmits a report for the detected state of the relay function to a second network node.

Abstract: A mobile communication system includes at least one upper radio station (1) and a relay station (2). The relay station (2) performs a radio relay between a lower radio station (3) and the upper radio station (1). The relay station (2) is configured to attach, when an attaching to a first upper radio station included in attaching configuration information indicating an upper radio station to which the relay station (2) should attach is unsuccessful, to a second upper radio station different from the first upper radio station, and to notify a network (4 and 5) of notification information via the second upper radio station, the notification information indicating that the attaching to the first upper radio station is unsuccessful.

Abstract: The present invention provides a synchronization signal sending method and apparatus and a synchronization signal receiving method and apparatus. The synchronization signal sending includes: a sending module, configured to send a first-type subframe, where the first-type subframe includes a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and a first synchronization channel, the first synchronization channel includes a first primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a first secondary synchronization signal (SSS); and a processing module, configured to control the sending module to switch from sending the first-type subframe to sending a second-type subframe. The sending module is further configured to send the second-type subframe under the control of the processing module, where the second-type subframe includes a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) and a second synchronization channel, the second synchronization channel includes a second PSS or a second SSS.

Abstract: System and method embodiments are provided for enabling flexible and reliable UE-to-UE based relay. The embodiments include using fountain codes for combining signals at a suitable network layer higher than a media access control (MAC) sub-layer and using a MAC sub-layer hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) transmission scheme. When a relay UE in a UE group for joint reception receives, from a network access point, a data packet intended for a destination UE in the UE group and including fountain code at the higher network layer, the relay UE sends the data packet to the destination UE and returns a HARQ ACK message at the MAC sub-layer to the access point. The destination UE then receives and decodes the data packet. Subsequently, upon receiving the entire data, the destination UE sends an ACK message at the higher network layer to the access point.

Abstract: The invention provides a relay node that can relay received data to one or more communications devices served by the relay node. The relay node has transceiver circuitry that transmits signals to and that receives signals from one or more remote transmission points and the one or more communications devices served by the relay node; and a communications control module for controlling the operation of the relay node such that in a first operating state the relay node is configured to receive data to be relayed, from a remote transmission point and such that in a second operating state the relay station is configured to receive data to be relayed, from a plurality of remote and separate transmission points.

Abstract: An unmanned aircraft system (UAS) making use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for more than one task. The inventors discovered that an improved UAS could be provided by combining one or more of these three elements: (1) hot-swappable modular kits (e.g., a plurality of components useful in UAVs to perform particular user-selectable tasks); (2) an interconnection mechanism for each component with identification protocols that provides both a physical and a data connection; and (3) an intelligent system that interprets the identification protocols and determines the configuration for a selected task, error checking, airworthiness, and calibration. The system and associated methods for the task based drone configuration and verification reduces the possibility of task failure by an operator.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods, devices, and computer programs in mobile communications. More specifically, the proposed technique relates to broadcasting and receiving transmitting control information for supporting system access or system monitoring. In particular the disclosure relates a method, performed in a network node, for transmitting control information for supporting system access or system monitoring. The method comprises obtaining a timing of a first control signal comprising the control information and evaluating whether a first synchronization signal associated with a previously configured second control signal can also be used to provide synchronization between a receiving wireless device and the network node at reception of the control information.

Abstract: A method for proximity tracking includes broadcasting a first advertising packet from a first broadcasting transceiver, receiving the first advertising packet at a plurality of second transceivers and, for each of the plurality of second transceivers, recording a received signal strength indication value of the first advertising packet received. A subsequent advertising packet is formed to include the received signal strength indication value recorded by at least one of the plurality of second transceivers and broadcast from at least one of the plurality of second transceivers. A system is provided with performs actions of the method to track proximity in real time.

Abstract: A communication apparatus has a receiver and a decoder. The receiver receives a control signal including first downlink control information and second downlink control information, and receives decoding area information that indicates whether the extended Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) should be decoded for each of a plurality of terminal apparatuses. The decoder decodes each of a plurality of first mapping candidates in the PDCCH area or decodes each of the plurality of first mapping candidates in the PDCCH area and each of the plurality of second mapping candidates in the extended PDCCH. A number of the second mapping candidates included in the user-specific search space equals to or is more than a number of the first mapping candidates included in the common search space.

Abstract: Certain features relate to a remote antenna unit having a multi-stage isolation sub-system for isolating uplink and downlink signal paths. A multi-stage isolation sub-system in the remote antenna unit can include a first stage device that is configured to generate a cancellation signal for canceling unwanted downlink signals received at the uplink antenna. The isolation sub-system can also include a second stage device configured to generate a cancellation signal that attenuates residual noise and intermodulation products generated in the downlink path and received in the uplink path. The multi-stage isolation sub-system can combine the cancellation signals with signals received on the uplink path in order to cancel or attenuate downlink leakage signals and residual noise present on the uplink path.

Abstract: A communication method comprises a communication apparatus managing a serving cell of a user terminal and broadcasting to the user terminal system information for Device to Device (D2D) proximity service using a frequency of the serving cell. The user terminal performing a discovery procedure to discover another user terminal on a basis of the system information, which includes first information that indicates an available frequency for the discovery procedure different from the frequency of the serving cell and related to a center frequency of a frequency band of the available frequency, second information that indicates at least one parameter for calculating transmission power for the discovery procedure, third information that indicates a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) identifier for the available frequency, and fourth information that indicates number of times of re-transmissions of a discovery signal to be re-transmitted by one user terminal in the discovery procedure.

Abstract: Backhaul data may be communicated between an access node and a relay wireless device, wherein the relay wireless device serves as backhaul for a plurality of end-user wireless devices and a set of the plurality of the end-user wireless devices comprise a quality of service metric that meets a quality of service criteria. Wireless resources may be scheduled for the relay wireless device using pre-allocated scheduling such that wireless resources are pre-allocated for the relay wireless device. Data may be aggregated for the set of end-user wireless devices that is received at the access node between scheduled transmissions for the pre-allocated scheduling. And the aggregated data may be transmitted, according to the pre-allocated scheduling, from the access node to the relay wireless device at a next transmission for the pre-allocated scheduling.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal device configured to transmit a HARQ-ACK in a subframe n by using a PUCCH of a special secondary cell, on the basis of detection of PDSCH transmission in a subframe n-k for a special secondary cell. Upon the terminal device having a capability of performing simultaneous transmission and reception in a primary cell and the special secondary cell, the k is given by referring to a second UL/DL configuration. Upon the terminal device not having the capability of performing simultaneous transmission and reception in the primary cell and the special secondary cell, and upon a first UL/DL configuration being different from the second UL/DL configuration, the k is given by referring to the first UL/DL configuration and the second UL/DL configuration.

Abstract: A small cell device may communicate with a user device (e.g., a smartphone, a tablet computer, etc.) via a range extender device that extends the effective range of the small cell device to the user device. The small cell device, the range extender device, and the user device may communicate with one another using channels of a licensed spectrum (e.g., traditional LTE channels). The range extender device may determine channel conditions corresponding to an unlicensed spectrum (e.g., 5 Gigahertz (GHz) Spectrum) and communicate the channel conditions to the small cell device. Based on the channel conditions, the small cell device and the range extender device may select downlink-only channels of the unlicensed spectrum and cause the downlink capabilities of the channels of the unlicensed spectrum to be augmented by the downlink capabilities of the downlink-only channels of the unlicensed spectrum.

Abstract: A radio communication system includes a first radio base station including a terminal communicator which communicates with a radio terminal and a connection timing controller which starts waiting for connection in station-to-station communication when the terminal communicator has established a communication link with the radio terminal, a second radio base station including a connector which, upon detecting the base station waiting for connection in station-to-station communication, establishes connection with the base station in the station-to-station communication and a connection timing controller which, when the connector has detected the base station, starts waiting for connection in station-to-station communication, and a third radio base station including a connector which, upon detecting the base station waiting for connection in station-to-station communication, establishes connection with the second base station in the station-to-station communication.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to performing pre-emptive handovers of the backhaul connection of a moving small access node or a relay node that is attached to a mode of transportation traveling along a known or predefined route. The handovers to specific donor access nodes are based at least on a direction of travel, rate (speed) of travel, and current location of the mode of transportation, as well as the presence and coverage areas of the donor access nodes along the known route.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present application is a method by which a terminal receives a signal, to which hybrid beamforming is applied, from a base station in a wireless communication system.

Abstract: A method to manage operations between a backend server and a set of devices, each device comprising a customer account number and a Wi-Fi Broadcast System (WFBS), the WFBS iteratively performing the following steps at a predefined time interval: (1) generating at a given WFBS a customer identification number for each customer account (2) broadcasting the customer identification number to each WFBS on the subnet of the given WFBS (3) receiving the customer identification number from each WFBS on the subnet of the given WFBS (4) processing the received customer identification number at the given WFBS, and (5) designating the given WFBS as a master WFBS for a given time integral if the given WFBS satisfies a predetermined criterion before performing a set of master operations.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally discloses a hybrid wireless communication system configured to support wireless broadband connectivity for a geographic region including a set of wireless network access devices configured to support wireless communications by a set of communication gateways disposed at locations within the geographic region. The hybrid wireless communication system may be configured to operate across a set of multiple radio spectrum bands associated with a set of multiple carrier frequencies, respectively. The hybrid wireless communication system may be configured to jointly determine assignment of the locations (and, thus, the associated communication gateways) to the multiple carrier frequencies of the multiple radio spectrum bands and to configure the wireless network access devices to support the jointly determined assignment of the locations to the multiple carrier frequencies of the multiple radio spectrum bands.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an upstream facing port device (UFP device) is connected to a DisplayPort source device via a connection that complies with the DisplayPort specifications. A downstream facing port device (DFP device) is connected to a DisplayPort sink device via a connection that complies with the DisplayPort specifications. The UFP device and the DFP device are connected via an extension medium to allow the DisplayPort source device to provide video and/or audio for presentation by the DisplayPort sink device. In some embodiments, the UFP device and/or the DFP device may be configured to provide video extracted from the DisplayPort communication to an external video processing device for processing before and/or after transmission over the extension medium.

Abstract: A method at a network element for providing data access to a network. The method comprising establishing a primary communication channel with the network with a first wireless interface of said network element, establishing a complementary communication channel with one or more of a group of delay tolerant devices with a second wireless interface of said network element, receiving data from respective delay tolerant devices in the group, aggregating the received data and transferring said aggregated data on the established primary communication channel to the network. In an embodiment the primary and complementary channels correspond respectively to first and second spectrums, which may in turn be, respective, licensed and unlicensed spectrums.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of wireless communications, and particularly, to a time-division duplexing communication method, system and device, which are used for solving the problem in the prior art that there is no uplink or downlink HARQ sequential relationship for a dynamic uplink and downlink subframe distribution solution. A time-division duplexing uplink data sending method in the embodiments of the present invention comprises: through a subframe n in a wireless frame, user equipment receiving indication information which comes from the network side; and according to the indication information, when it is determined that PUSCH data is required to be sent to the network side, sending the PUSCH data through at least one uplink subframe after the subframe n, the subframe n being a downlink fixed subframe or a special subframe.

Abstract: A data transmission method and apparatus are provided. The method comprises: receiving service data sent by a first terminal, the first terminal being a single-mode terminal or a multi-mode terminal; monitoring forwarding load traffic of a back-end egress of a first network device in a first network; when the load traffic reaches present load traffic, switching a current forwarding mode to a routing mode, and selecting a second terminal as a forwarding node of the first terminal, the second terminal being a multi-mode terminal; forwarding the service data to the second terminal, so that the second terminal coverts the service data and sends the converted service data to a second network device in a second network. According the embodiments of the present invention, the technical problem of a low utilization rate of the total bandwidth of a network egress in the prior art is solved.

Abstract: A method for sending a Buffer Status Report (BSR) is provided, which includes that: an Evolved Node B (eNB) sends an allocation rule for buffer data of a radio bearer which are to be allocated among eNBs to User Equipment (UE), the allocation rule including allocation proportion information or including allocation proportion information and an applicable condition of the allocation proportion information; and the eNB receives a BSR from the UE, the BSR being determined by the UE according to the allocation rule. Correspondingly, the embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an eNB, UE and a computer storage medium.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for analyzing cause of link failure, includes: receiving, by a base station where the user equipment is present when a link failure is observed by the user equipment, identification information transmitted by other base stations or the user equipment, the identification information including: identification associated with the user equipment and/or identification of the user equipment in the base station; and determining, by the base station when it determines that the identification information is stored in the base station, that the link failure is resulted from a handover preparation failure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method for performing, by a first node, a relay function in a Bluetooth mesh network and an apparatus performing the method. The method includes transmitting a first message for activating or deactivating the relay function of the first node to a plurality of neighboring nodes when a specific event is generated and activating or deactivating the relay function depending on whether a first indication message to request the activation of the relay function is received or not in a response to the first message within a first specific time from at least one of the plurality of neighboring nodes. The specific event is one of receiving a command indicating the setting of the relay function, a specific cycle, or receiving a second message for activating or deactivating the relay function from the neighboring nodes.

Abstract: Service discovery for an application lacking capabilities sufficient to facilitate Universal Plug and Play (UPnP), Zero-configuration networking (Zeroconf), Simple Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) or other service discovery protocols relying upon multicast User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is contemplated. The service discovery may be facilitated with a discovery proxy configured to identify available services and a discovery service having capabilities sufficient to apprise the application of the services identified with the discovery proxy.

Abstract: A mobile communication system comprises: a switching control unit that controls switching of communication to be performed by the second radio terminal between the first communication and the second communication, on the basis of received quality of a downlink signal received in the second radio terminal from the radio base station when the first radio terminal performs the first communication. The first radio terminal relays user data, which is transferred through the second communication, between the second radio terminal and the radio base station when the first radio terminal performs the first communication and the second radio terminal performs the second communication.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one processing device configured to detect a cable fault that divides a network segment into first and second portions and that communicatively disconnects the second portion from the first portion. The apparatus also includes repeater configured to communicatively connect the second portion of the network segment to the first portion of the network segment such that one or more devices associated with the first portion maintain communication with one or more devices associated with the second portion. The at least one processing device could identify whether one or more of multiple linking devices coupled to the network segment are operating as active link masters using at least some of the decoded messages and detect the cable fault when more than one of the linking devices is operating as an active link master.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for ordering a selection in advance, characterized in that it includes a step in which a menu is displayed followed by a selection in this menu, to make specific requests and particularly: a step displaying the event for which the advance order of a selection is made, and then selection of the event; a step displaying the identity of destination equipment on which the selection is to be played, and then selection of this equipment; a step displaying the date and time at which the selection is to be made on the destination equipment; a step in which particular requests are recorded and downloaded onto a file only after payment has been verified.

Abstract: A tunnel endpoint of a virtual network monitors the flows between the tunnel endpoint and at least one other tunnel endpoint. The virtual network spans a physical network. A flow identifier for each flow is determined based on packet headers of packets in each respective flow. A path identifier for each flow is also determined based on the packet headers of the packets in each respective flow. Each path identifier indicates a route that the respective flow takes in the physical network to reach the respective destination tunnel endpoint. The path identifier and the flow identifier of the respective flows are then transmitted to a controller of the virtual network.

Abstract: When a UE is being served by a base station over a first air interface in a client-server relationship and the UE receives from the base station a HARQ NACK for a transmission over the first air interface, the UE will responsively engage in the HARQ re-transmission to the base station over a second, different air interface, such as through a peer-to-peer communication to the base station. The first air interface may be an OFDMA air interface such as LTE, and the second air interface may be a WLAN air interface such as WiFi. Engaging in re-transmission via the second air interface may enable the base station to complete receipt of the data from the UE and thereby provide the UE, via the first air interface, with a HARQ ACK. This arrangement may help reduce delay in re-transmission, which may be particularly useful for delay-sensitive communications such as VoIP communications.