Abstract: In a telecommunications network, for establishing or modifying a radio connection a node (N1) prepares and sends an AAL2 signaling message (110) for use by a connection admission control function (106) of another node (N2) of the telecommunications network. In accordance with the present invention, the AAL2 signaling message includes a timescale value (112) which represents a timescale over which at least one bit rate value characterizing the radio connection is defined. Including the timescale value (112) in the AAL2 signaling message (110) facilitates more efficient connection admission control by enabling, e.g., bandwidth requirements of radio connections to take into consideration delay requirements. In an illustrated example embodiment, the timescale value (112) is a burst inter-arrival time (BIT) bit value which is a time which elapses between a beginning of two subsequent bursts of AAL2 CPS (Common Part Sublayer) packets.

Abstract: An ATM signal generator generates packet signals by linking N data blocks that includes user data and a specifier byte containing a sequence number bit. A transmitter receives the packet signals, generates control signals containing length information, generates N−1 ATM cells accommodating one data block in the payload, generates one ATM cell accommodating one data block and a control signal in the payload, and transmits all of the ATM cells to a communications path. A receiver receives ATM cells from the communications path, detects the number of cell rejections using the sequence number bits extracted from the specifier bytes in all of the ATM cells, and detects the number of bit error occurrences using the length information extracted from the control signals.

Abstract: Within an ATM node, a cell handling unit (CHU) receives incoming ATM cells from an ATM switch and provides outgoing ATM cells back to the ATM switch. The cell handling unit consults a combined or consolidated table to obtain ATM parameters (e.g., VCI) for use in headers of outgoing ATM cells. The combined table can be utilized both for ATM cells with AAL2 protocol and ATM cells of a second type AAL protocol. The second type AAL protocol is preferably AAL2 prime, which requires that AAL2 packets carried in the ATM cell payload be whole packets and that the ATM payload not have an AAL2-type start field. The combined table is structured to have plural intervals, including a first interval for AAL2 protocol connections and plural other intervals for the second type AAL protocol connections. Each row for the AAL2 protocol interval associates (1) a unique incoming VCI value; (2) an output link value; (3) an outgoing VCI value; and (4) an offset value.

Abstract: An ATM switching apparatus applicable to a short cell comprises an ATM-SW outputting a cell from an output path corresponding to a identifier of the cell, an interface unit, a demultiplexer, and a multiplexer connected to the ATM-SW. The interface unit sets, when a cell storing a plurality of short cells are inputted, the identifier of the cell so that the cell is transmitted from ATM-SW to the demultiplexer, and outputts the cell toward the ATM-SW. The demultiplexer receives the cell outputted from the interface unit through the ATM-SW, produces a plurality of partial fill cells, and outputs the partial fill cells, while setting an identifier of each partial fill cell so that the partial fill is outputted to the multiplexer. The multiplexier receives a plurality of the partial fill cells outputted from the demultiplexer through the ATM-SW, produces a cell storing a plurality of the short cells in accordance with the identifiers of the partial fill cells, and outputs the cell to the ATM-SW.

Abstract: An interface adapter for a packet network includes a first plurality of execution engines, coupled to a host interface so as to read from a memory work items corresponding to messages to be sent over the network, and to generate gather entries defining packets to be transmitted over the network responsive to the work items. A scheduling processor assigns the work items to the execution engines for generation of the gather entries. Switching circuitry couples the execution engines to a plurality of gather engines, which generate the packets responsive to the gather entries.

Abstract: The present invention provides a unitary mechanism for high speed end-to-end telecommunication traffic using an Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) architecture for convergence of video, data and voice in an SOHO application using a DSL router. An ATM module (101) for convergence of the telecommunications traffic includes an ATM processor (120) configured to perform QoS, OAM processing and switching in an ATM system. Function modules (102,104,105) and data ports (106,108) are configurable to transceive data, voice and video traffic in which the traffic is packetized in ATM data cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus, system and method for receiving asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) data cells on an ATM adaptation layer (AAL) configured connection within an ATM system comprising a digital signal processor (DSP) sub-system (412) and a host processor (414). The receiver interfaces directly with the DSP sub-system (412) (which converts the digitized voice samples into voice signals) and the host processor (414) (which performs AAL2 signaling and layer management functions). The receiver filters the AAL2 signaling and management packets from the AAL2 voice packets using a host programmable CID filter (550) and UUI filter (560). A match from either filter (550,560) enables the packet to be forwarded to the host processor (414). If no match is made in either filter (550,560), then a look-up is performed in a receive CID look-up table and the packet is forwarded to the DSP sub-system (412) on a look-up match.

Abstract: A communication control system lessens the burden (load) of repeaters and has a reduced number of development steps. Data of the ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) signaling protocol standard that is delivered to an ATM/1394 repeater 3 (FIG. 4, for example) through an ATM network 2 from an ATM terminal 1 is converted to data of the IEEE 1394 transmission standard by an ASEL (ATM over IEEE 1394 Serial bus Emulation Layer) 31 (see FIG. 54, for example). The data of the IEEE 1394 standard transmitted to a 1394 terminal 4 is converted into data of the ATM standard by an ASEL 32. Advantageously, using the inventive ASEL avoids the need for an original (special-purpose) signaling protocol (FIG. 3) that would otherwise be required between the repeater and the terminal(s) 4.

Abstract: In a method for the conveying of data between several users A, B, in a communications network comprising at least one low-bit-rate artery and one or more standard-bit-rate arteries, the network comprises a basic transmission unit, such as a cell, and at least one adaptation layer protocol, the data to be transmitted taking the form of packets Pi having a size smaller then the size of the basic transmission unit, the method comprising at least the following steps:

Abstract: An extender circuit provides a serial communication interface between an ATM layer and a PHY layer. The extender circuit includes a first circuit serially coupled to a second circuit. The first circuit communicates in parallel with the ATM layer, and the second circuit communicates in parallel with the PHY layer. The extender circuit additionally includes a serial link which serially transmits signals between the first and second circuits. The serial link includes a first serial link for transmitting a first serial signal from the first circuit to the second circuit, and a second serial link transmitting a second serial signal from the second circuit to the first circuit. The first circuit and the second circuit include similar architecture. The first circuit includes a parallel interface circuit for communicating in parallel with the ATM layer and a serial interface circuit coupled to the parallel interface circuit for serially communicating with the second circuit.

Abstract: With respect to an A-interface within a cellular network, the flow of operation and maintenance information between network layer end-points of the network in connection with A-interface signaling transmissions (DS0 or AAL) over the A1 and A4 sub-interfaces is carried by an F6 OAM flow. Similarly, the flow of operation and maintenance information between network layer end-points of the network in connection with A-interface traffic transmissions (DS0 or AAL) over the A2 and A3 sub-interface is carried by an F7 OAM flow.

Abstract: The combination of narrowband applications with broadband transport may be enabled with a tri-level nodal architecture including a call control node having switching intelligence and narrowband switching fabric, at least one connection control node having broadband switching fabric and an intermediate node for interworking between the call control node and the connection control node. The call control node further includes a load distribution function for distributing the load amongst a plurality of call processors within the intermediate node. In certain embodiments, the load distribution function assigns the call processors on a per call basis. The assigned call processor is used for encoding all messages transmitted from the call control node to a selected connection control node for the call.

Abstract: A method of switching partial minicells in an AAL2 switching network without the need for re-assembly of the partial minicells at intermediate nodes. Identification of each remainder partial minicell (432) is accomplished using an 8-bit channel identifier (450), a double octet identifier (950) or a triple octet identifier (1050) depending on traffic requirements. Each partial minicell is immediately transmitted based upon the identification code attached to each partial minicell.

Abstract: A base-station host system achieves high-speed routing to reduce a burden on a controller which carries out a routing process, and receives a cell containing a plurality of packets (an ATM cell of AAL Type 2) from a base station. A cell containing a plurality of packets is transmitted from the base station to the base-station host system. A packet extracting unit extracts the packets from the received cell. A cell generating unit generates an internally processable cell based on information carried by the payload of a packet. A switch unit switches internally processable cells depending on routes thereof. For reverse communications, internally processable cells are sent from the switch unit to a packet generating unit. The packet generating unit generates packets based on information carried by the payloads of the internally processable cells.

Abstract: The invention uses an ATM Adaptation Layer of type 2 (AAL2) standard mechanism to define efficient support for Variable Rate Coding (VRC). The VRC in this context typically refers to codecs, which adapt their rate to information content variations in speech and audio. Such VRC results in lower average rate than the constant rate codecs or use of constant rate codecs coupled with silence suppression (SS), currently deployed in voice over ATM schemes using AAL2. Possible ATM transport, trunking and access applications encompass both Circuit Emulation Services (CES) and Local Loop Emulation Services (LLES). A typical VRC profile encompasses options for all sub-rates within one or more VRC standard or proprietary variable rate codec. The output of a rate determination algorithm (RDA), commonly part of variable rate codec, is fed into present AAL2 inter-working function (IWF).

Abstract: The invention discloses means and methods for transmission of information in paths of an ATM network wherein a path setup for at least one new path in the network is initiated if the path capacity currently used for transmission of information exceeds a threshold, wherein a path release for at least one path in the network is initiated if the path capacity currently used for transmission of information is below a threshold.

Abstract: In an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) disassembler unit that is receiving ATM cells from an optical interface and converting data from these cells onto a constant bit rate (CBR) call, only a nominal predefined build out is defined for each optical interface. If an ATM cell is not received within the proper amount of time for the CBR call from the optical interface, the build out is automatically adjusted so that the build out is equal to the amount of delay that was experienced in receiving the next ATM cell for the call. Only the build out for the individual call that actually experienced the delay of the ATM cell is redefined. The other calls being handled by the optical interface are not effected by this automatic adjustment of the build out interval for the individual call. In addition, when an ATM cell is delayed for a particular call, the information that is transmitted for the call is the last PCM sample of the present ATM cell for that call.

Abstract: A technique for updating a routing table in a routing device operating over a logical connection in a communication network utilizes a mechanism at a first protocol layer to determine a logical connection status and trigger a routing table update at a second protocol layer based upon the logical connection status. Specifically, the first protocol layer logic monitors the status of the logical channels, and, based on the status of the logical channels, determines the status of the logical connections. When the first protocol layer logic detects a logical channel failure that results in a logical connection failure, the first protocol layer logic triggers a routing table update by sending a signal to the second protocol layer logic indicating that the logical connection failed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an asynchronous transfer mode relating to a cell switching method, a cell format converter thereof, and a switching system thereof which are proper for switching an AAL2 ATM cell and an AAL5 ATM cell using an AAL2/AAL5 converter and an AAL5/AAL2 converter. Namely, AAL2 traffic may be switched at an AAL level using the AAL2/AAL5 and AAL5/AAL2 converters, so as to increase a system efficiency and provide a flexible interface between AAL2 and AAL5 protocol.

Abstract: A synchronization method in an AAL terminal system of a dual configuration including an acting ALL (ATM Adaptation Layer Type) terminal device and a standby ALL terminal device, for converting STM data to ATM cells, in which the acting ALL terminal device, upon receipt of a cell conversion starting request, starts cell conversion, notifies the starting timing of the cell conversion to the standby AAL terminal device, and starts counting input STM frame pulses by a frame pulse counter, while the standby ALL terminal device, upon receipt of the starting timing of the cell conversion, starts counting the input STM frame pulses by the frame pulse counter of the corresponding user connection, thereby establishing synchronization between output ATM cells of the acting device and output ATM cells of the standby device in each user connection by the frame pulse counter.

Abstract: A method of converting AAL2 cells that includes an original user data set into AAL5 cells and another method of converting AAL5 cells that includes an original user data set into AAL2 cells are disclosed. In the method of converting AAL2 cells, the length of the data subset included in each AAL5 cell generated is stored in a memory. Therefore, it is not necessary to store all the payloads of generated cells. When a last CPS packet is extracted, a total length of the original user data can be found using a set of lengths stored in the memory. As a result, the present invention requires only a small memory space, and any unnecessary delay problem is eliminated.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling data latency in a communication network use a pre-selected portion of the data to identify one of at least two latency paths. The data is transported to a network device (500) through physical channel (502). The network device (500) includes at least two latency paths (506,508), each operable to transport the data through to other parts of the device (500) at an associated rate. In a first aspect of the present invention, data sorter (504) extracts a latency path identifier from the incoming data then provides the incoming data to one of the at least two latency paths (506,508) accordingly. In another aspect of the present invention, the data sorter (504) extracts a indicator from the incoming data which characterizes the incoming data, decodes the indicator to determine which of the at least two latency paths (506,508) to selects, then provides the incoming data to the selected one of the at least two latency paths (506,508).

Abstract: The present invention describes a method and an apparatus for segmenting and reassembling ATM data. The invention uses the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to perform segmentation and reassembly of data. By using the CPU of a computer, the present invention reduces the amount of hardware needed to perform transmission and reception of ATM data.

Abstract: Voice and data traffic are transported over a digital subscriber loop by multiplexing one or more plesiochronous packet data channels together with lower priority asynchronous traffic into a single composite data stream for transmission over the loop. The plesiochronous data packets each comprise a number of bytes together with a header element containing channel identification information and a packet length indicator. Each plesiochronous data packet is assigned a transmission time such that the desired nominal data rate for the plesiochronous channel is achieved when packets containing the preferred number of bytes are transmitted at the preferred time intervals.

Abstract: A method and system for mapping virtual connections to asymmetric digital subscriber line (“ADSL”) latency paths. A request for virtual connection from a transport network (e.g., Asynchronous Transport Mode, Frame Relay, etc.) with a desired service category (e.g., quality-of-service) and a desired latency is mapped to an ADSL device latency interface by checking a latency mapping policy. This mapping provides a virtual connection with a desired service category and a desired latency over ADSL links. The latency mapping includes an embedded service category mapping from a transport network to latency paths at an ADSL transmission convergence sub-layer allowing differential services to be provided for user data based on a desired service category. The latency mapping mechanism may help provide use of end-to-end service categories such as quality-of-service categories, over real-time ADSL links.

Abstract: An ATM switch is adapted so that it quickly and efficiently converts a time-sensitive packet received from a source of packets via an incoming trunk into one or more ATM cells. The switch, more particularly, indexes a translation table using the identity of the incoming trunk identity to obtain an assigned AAL2 channel within a virtual channel. The switch then converts the received packet to a particular data unit containing at least the assigned AAL2 channel, determines, as a function of the virtual channel index; a virtual path identifier (VPI) and virtual circuit identifier (VCI); and processes the particular data unit to form the payload for an ATM cell. The switch then forms an ATM cell header containing at least the VPI and VCI, appends the header to each such payload and outputs each cell, in turn, to an output carrying the identified channel.

Abstract: The distributed architecture switch of the invention provides a scalable, flexible switching device to route telephone calls and other data (e.g., frame relay, ISDN) over an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network. The switch includes multiple service modules that can be geographically disparate and function as a single switching device. The multiple service modules are coupled to a system controller that controls the service modules and passes messages between the service modules.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for generating parity for communication between a physical layer device and an ATM layer device is provided. A data bus is monitored for data comprising an ATM cell transmitted from a physical layer device to an ATM layer device. The header error check of the ATM cell is verified and parity for the ATM cell is generated. Parity is provided to the ATM layer device if the header error check is correct.

Abstract: A data transmission system, which includes multiple local area networks (LANs) coupled by a hub via multiple LAN adapters and an ATM crossbar switch coupling all LAN adapters. At least a requesting LAN transmits LAN data frames to at least a destination LAN. The LAN data frames are converted into concatenated slots of the same size and transmitted through the ATM crossbar switch by the requesting LAN. The requesting LAN adapter includes a control logic for transmitting a plurality of request signals (REQ) to the ATM crossbar switch, each of them being associated with a destination LAN, and the ATM crossbar switch comprises a scheduler for transmitting grant signals (GNT) associated with the requests enabling the requesting LAN adapter to transmit LAN data frames to the destination LANs. The grant signals are transmitted by the destination LAN in an order depending upon a predetermined algorithm that controls the scheduler regardless of the order the requests are transmitted by the requesting LAN adapter.

Abstract: A system for bit synchronous communications over packet networks with adverse delay conditions is provided by sequencing in association with a local terminal fixed-sized payloads from an input bitstream and reassembling in association with a remote terminal the received payloads in sequence. Delayed, dropped, duplicated, and mis-sequenced packets are repaired through the use of a smoothing buffer associated with the remote terminal.

Abstract: A method for the fair and efficient transfer of variable length packets using fixed length “segments” utilizes a modified UTOPIA interface with three additional signals added, i.e. start of packet (SOP), end of packet (EOP), and most significant byte (MSB). Packets are broken into “segments” of fixed, but programmable, length. The start of a segment is marked by a pulse on the UTOPIA start of cell (SOC) signal line. The start of a packet is marked by a pulse on the SOP signal line. The end of a packet is marked by a pulse on the EOP signal line. According to a presently preferred embodiment, bytes are transferred via a 16-bit bus. When a packet ends with a single byte on the bus, the MSB signal line is asserted to distinguish it from a packet which ends with two bytes on the bus. The invention can be expanded to accommodate buses wider than 16-bits by making the EOP a multiple bit signal.

Abstract: A method for managing an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cell includes transmitting an ATM cell from a server system to a broadband modem. The ATM cell is forwarded from the broadband modem to a client system.

Abstract: A circuit simulation apparatus is disclosed by which, even if an STS-N frame of an abnormal length is detected by a reassembly buffer, the frame length can be compensated for while preventing an overflow of the reassembly buffer. When an STS-(N×M) frame formed by multiplexing M STS-N frames formed from different channels is cellularized into ATM cells or M different STS-N frames assembled from ATM cells are multiplexed into an STS-(N×M) frame, an ATM cell sync signal and ATM cell data from a buffer section are outputted as a frame pulse signal and frame data from a reassembly section to a circuit termination section, and frame length compensation of the frame pulse signal and the frame data is performed by the reassembly section.

Abstract: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) cells are conveyed over a shelf bus to and from an NT (network termination) card inserted into the bus connected to an ATM network and to a plurality of LT (line termination) cards also inserted into the bus, wherein the NT card processes the ATM cells and provides downstream cells to the bus with a guard byte and upstream cells to the ATM network without a guard byte.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for guaranteeing that transmit cell available signals transmitted from an ATM-PHY interface device conform to a communication protocol. A previous transmit cell available signal from the previous clock cycle is stored and a transmit status signal and a transmit enable signal for the current clock cycle are sampled. One of the transmit status signal and the previous transmit cell available signal are selected as the new transmit cell available signal based upon the state of the transmit enable signal and the transmit status signal.

Abstract: To ensure that appropriate resources are available in a network when AAL Type 2 connections are to be established, the network is divided into resource domains (RD—1, RD—2, RD—3, RD—4), and each resource domain is provided with a prediction connection admission control unit (p-CAC—1, p-CAC—2, p-CAC—3, p-CAC—4) which comprises information about available resources through its own resource domain as well as information about available resources for connections through the other resource domains of the network.

Abstract: A method for managing an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) cell includes transmitting an ATM cell from a server system to a broadband modem. The ATM cell is forwarded from the broadband modem to a client system.