Abstract: A wireless code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system, including a base station (BS) and a subscriber unit (SU), uses adaptive forward power control (AFPC) and adaptive reverse power control (ARPC) to control the transmit power of forward and reverse link radio frequency (RF) channel signals, respectively. Automatic gain control (AGC) signals are produced to maintain the level of forward and reverse CDMA signals at a near constant level. The CDMA signals are despread to produce first and second despread signals. The first and second despread signals are used to produce a first error signal e1. A second error signal e2 is produced based on the AGC signals. Combined error signals are formed based on the first error signal e1 and the second error signal e2. The combined error signals are hard limited to form adaptive power control (APC) bits used to control the level of the forward and reverse link RF channel signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are presented to allow the extension of a DOCSIS cable modem service over a wireless link. According to the invention a wireless hub transceiver is connected to a distribution coax cable of a DOCSIS based system. The downstream data are transferred over a wireless link to a remote subscriber radio frequency (RF) unit connected to a cable modem that provides the downstream data to the subscriber. Similarly, upstream data are sent from the subscriber cable modem over the wireless link to the wireless hub transceiver where such data are inserted back to the distribution coax cable.

Abstract: A network apparatus is provided that is capable of requiring a reservation for an access right to a peripheral device that is not yet connected to the network apparatus from one of the terminals on a network. A server (network apparatus) may receive a reservation command and a sender identifier (ID) from one of the terminals on the network that requests to reserve an access right for a peripheral device that is not yet connected to the server. In a case where a new connection of a peripheral device is detected, the server allows the terminal identified by the sender ID that accompanied the reservation command to access the peripheral device. While the reservation is established, access to the detected peripheral device from senders other than the identified terminal is rejected.

Abstract: Methods are provided for determining a master node on a ring network. According to one embodiment, a first node on the ring network initiates circulation of an arbitration token by (i) determining an arbitration token timeout period has elapsed and (ii) transmitting the arbitration token to a neighboring node. Upon receipt of the arbitration token by a node, it determines its relative priority by comparing its ID to an ID field of the arbitration token, initialized by the first node. If the node is determined to be higher priority, then it overwrites the ID field and retransmits the arbitration token onto the ring network. If the node is determined to be lower priority, then the node retransmits the arbitration token without overwriting the ID field. If the node is determined to be of equal priority and the node is the first node, then it assumes the master node role.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for Fiber Channel interconnection is provided between a plurality of private loop devices through a Fiber Channel private loop device interconnect system. In the preferred embodiments, the Fiber Channel private loop device interconnect system is a fabric or an intelligent bridging hub. In one aspect of this invention, a Fiber Channel private loop device is connected to two or more Arbitrated Loops containing, or adapted to contain, one or more private loop devices. Preferably, the interconnect system includes a routing filter to filter incoming Arbitrated Loop physical addresses (ALPAs) to determine which Fiber Channel frames must attempt to be routed through the fabric.

Abstract: A user operates a selection panel installed in a shop to select contents which the user wants to review. A reception unit identifies the contents based on the user's operation on the selection panel, acquires an ID of a portable device incorporated in headphones worn by the user, and transmits the ID to a management server. The management server transmits data of the contents to a transmission device, which searches for a signal electrode capable of communicating with the portable device of the user among signal electrodes that are embedded in the floor of the shop. The transmission device transmits a signal representative of the contents from the signal electrode that has been searched for, and the portable device receives the signal transmitted from the transmission device. An audio signal of the contents is output from the headphones.

Abstract: Systems and methods for supporting multiple wireless communications technologies are provided. When a first and second base station operate according to different wireless communication technologies on the same carrier frequency in different cells or on different carrier frequencies in the same cell the frame structure of each base station is controlled in such a way that idle periods of transmissions from one base station are aligned with idle periods of the other base station. When the first and second base stations are located in the same cell and operate on the same carrier frequency the frames of the first and second base stations are time-interlaced.

Abstract: An asynchronous speech data communication system, which is capable of making a hands-free phone conversation at a high speed without causing annoyance in a vehicle, and a communication method therefor are provided. A vehicle-mounted hands-free system includes a speech communication terminal having a speech data communication function, an access point for enabling communication using an asynchronous wireless LAN with other electronic devices, such as a PDA and a mobile audio, including the speech communication terminal, and a communication control section for limiting the packet size of data to be communicated of the other electronic devices when there is communication of speech data by the speech communication terminal.

Abstract: A relationship server tracks end-user interactions across multiple web sites and generates recommendations. The web sites observe relationships established by end-user interactions. If end-users provide the same personally identifiable information to multiple web sites, the sites generate the same unique identifier for those end-users. The web sites send messages to the relationship server that reference the end-users using the identifiers and describe the relationships observed for the end-users. The relationship server receives messages from multiple web sites and canonicalizes them to produce an efficient representation of the relationships. Upon receiving a message requesting a recommendation based on an item, the relationship server performs collaborative filtering using the relationship data to identify a list of items to recommend. The relationship server sends the recommendations to the requesting entity and the recommendations are presented to the end-user.

Abstract: A method of shaping data packet transmissions by nodes in a wireless network is presented. Each node sets a maximum limit for MAC service data unit size based on data rate so that maximum transmission times for data packet transmissions by all of the nodes are approximately the same.

Abstract: A wireless automation device monitors a condition and wirelessly reports an event over an automation network in response to detecting a change in the condition. The condition is sampled at a variable periodic interval, and the event reported during intervals when a change in the condition is determined. The change may be determined according to detecting a value for the condition outside a variable range. The change may also be determined according to detecting differences in the value from values detected in prior intervals. The range and the periodic interval may vary according to an analysis of multiple samples of the condition.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the present invention, asynchronous network nodes and synchronous network nodes coexist on a shared media network.

Abstract: Embodiments of distributed coordination of a clear channel assessment threshold are presented herein.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a method for collision avoidance in local Ethernet networks, such as a home automation network, having a personal computer and a plurality of control devices attached. In such a network, when a management message is broadcast from the host personal computer to all connected control devices, each one of such devices must reply with a response to the host computer. There is, however, a probability that responses might collide, leading to data loss. The present invention discloses a method to generate delayed responses to the sender from each control device, where an individual device's delay is computed in accordance to a unique value contained in its MAC address. The method will guarantee different delay times for all attached control devices, and hence a collision-free operation.

Abstract: Provided is a method for estimating the number of tags in a slotted Aloha-based RFID system, which can estimate the number of tags through a new statistical average scheme using the number of slots, the measured number of empty slots, and the measured number of ID slots. The estimating method includes the steps of: a) setting the number (N) of slots, the measured number (c0) of empty slots, and the measured number (c1) of ID slots as parameters; and estimating the number (n) of the tags by substituting the set values into n=(N?1)/(c0/c1).

Abstract: The FP header is used to signal the RNC that the Node B has not been able to determine or has not been able to accurately determine the number of retransmissions. A first embodiment is to reserve a bit pattern for use in the ‘Number of HARQ retransmissions’ field on the Iub frame protocol DATA FRAME header to indicate that Node B does not know the actual number of retransmissions. A second embodiment is to define a one bit flag on Iub/Iur FP DATA FRAME header to indicate that the value set in the “Number of HARQ Retransmissions” in the FP header is an estimated/guessed value by Node B or not.

Abstract: In a system having a plurality of nodes such as Ethernet repeaters, coupled by communication links such as cables, systems and protocols are provided for detecting and/or breaking loops. In one aspect, in response to an added link, a repeater sends a “detect loop” message containing its address to at least one neighbor. Each repeater which receives the “detect loop” message, in turn, sends it to its own neighbor, with the lesser of the received address and its own address. A repeater which receives a “detect loop” message containing its own address declares itself a master loop breaker and can isolate one of its ports to break the loop. In one aspect, a previously intentionally-isolated port can be re-activated, e.g., in response to the loss of a communication link which could potentially isolate one or more nodes.

Abstract: Described herein is a device to be used in a wireless communication system with CSMA-based MAC, comprising a mechanism for transmitting at least a first and second Request-to-Send (RTS) messages and at least first and second data packets on a transmission medium, and a spatially selective antenna. In one aspect, the device uses a distributed antenna that combines the antenna elements of several devices and the device observes the transmissions of other devices, analyzes the observed transmissions for transmission patterns and adapts its own transmissions to the detected transmission patterns. Also described is a corresponding system, method and computer program to be used in a wireless communication system.

Abstract: A network terminal of the present invention includes: a synchronization information frame receiving section for receiving a synchronization information frame from a master terminal; a network information managing section for maintaining the network by being synchronized with the synchronization information frame; a synchronization information frame missing detection section for detecting the missing of the synchronization information frame from the master terminal; a priority list storing section for storing a priority list which defines a synchronization information frame transmission start time in such a manner as to differentiate synchronization information frame transmission start times between the network terminals; and a synchronization information frame transmission section for, in a case where the network terminal acts as a new master terminal of the network system, periodically outputting a synchronization information frame, from the synchronization information frame transmission start time in accord

Abstract: A method and system for managing Priority Messages in a hybrid TDMA-Spread Spectrum (TDMA-SS) communication system is provided. The method and system include a HUB for generating a HUB TDMA epoch, wherein the HUB TDMA epoch includes at least one Priority Message (PM) slot. The PM slot includes a plurality of assignable PM sub-slots. The method and system also include at least one SPOKE, wherein the at least one SPOKE is adapted to transmit a Priority Message during its assigned PM sub-slot within the HUB TDMA epoch.

Abstract: A medium-reservation mechanism improves transmission efficiency in a multiple-channel network that includes stations with limited-selectivity receivers. The mechanism employs a medium-request signal that conveys channel information. In this network, stations check the channel information in the medium-request signal to decide whether or not to comply with the medium-request signal. If the channel information identifies the channel that is close to the channel that the station is presently operating on, the station then complies with the medium-request signal. If the channel information identifies a channel other than the channel that the station is presently operating on, the station ignores the medium-request signal.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for dynamically adjusting carrier sensing threshold levels in a wireless, such as CSMA, system. A station may use the carrier sensing measurement made in normal CSMA operation to determine a threshold level for the local station, and transmit the determined level to other stations in the system. The station also receives similar information from other stations in the system and determines, based at least in part on the information received and the local determined threshold level, an optimal carrier sensing threshold level.

Abstract: A wireless station communicates with at least one other wireless station in a local area network (LAN). A media access control (MAC) device controls transitions between an active mode and a low power mode. A radio frequency (RF) transceiver communicates with the MAC device and, after the transition to the active mode, transmits data during a predetermined time slot that is assigned to the wireless LAN station and that is not assigned to other wireless LAN stations in the LAN. The RF transceiver receives data from other wireless LAN stations in the LAN during the active mode and transitions to the low power mode after receiving the data from the other wireless LAN stations. The MAC device transitions the wireless LAN station to the active mode prior to a timing beacon and transitions the wireless LAN station to the low power mode prior to a subsequent beacon.

Abstract: A new system and method is described, utilizing a scheduler based on a transmission time calculation and prioritizing algorithm. The system utilizes a Schedule Information Vector (SIV) protocol for saving power in wireless local area networks. The system comprises an access point having a priority queue, one or more stations, an SIV frame comprising an association ID for identifying one of the stations and a scheduled wake-up time for the identified station. An algorithm is employed for calculating the transmission time of downlink data for the stations. The access point originates and transmits to the one or more stations the SIV frame of the scheduled wake-up times. The current data to be transmitted to each station is accessed by the algorithm to determine the total transmission time to each station.

Abstract: A wireless network device that assigns priorities to communications in a network has a first circuit for receiving wireless messages from remote wireless network devices and a second circuit operable to send wireless messages to the remote wireless network devices. A third circuit makes a determination of the relative priorities of the remote wireless network devices. The wireless network device is operable to form a message to the remote wireless network devices, where the message is used to set a backoff time in the remote wireless network devices. The backoff time sent to the remote wireless network device is related to the relative priority of the remote wireless network device.

Abstract: The invention solves the problem of reducing interference in simultaneous wireless LAN (WLAN) and Bluetooth signal handling, especially in voice over IP communications via a WLAN telephone to a Bluetooth headset. The invention sets up a voice link between the terminal and the headset by establishing sniff anchor points in the ACL link for assigning relative priorities to the WLAN and Bluetooth ACL packet traffic. A higher priority is assigned to WLAN packet traffic when it collides with original Bluetooth ACL packet traffic during a sniff anchor point. Thereafter, a higher priority is assigned to the terminal's retransmission of aborted Bluetooth ACL packets and the headset's response ACL packets in available Bluetooth slots following the anchor point.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for allocating resources in a wireless communication system. The method may include selecting at least one resource control bit that is not to be transmitted. The at least one resource control bit is selected based on at least one priority associated with the at least one resource control bit.

Abstract: Method of prioritising the usage of slotted links by single network devices in a wireless network for adapting to varying traffic loads, comprising the steps of pre-setting a distribution of priorities for using a link to predetermined values, monitoring the current link usage, and adapting the priorities in accordance with the monitored usage.

Abstract: A method of connecting a power line modem to an external network. The method includes receiving, by the power line modem, a plurality of packets directly transmitted from a plurality of neighboring devices connected to the power lines, determining for each of the plurality of neighboring devices, a cost of a route to an access unit, through the neighboring device, responsive to the received packets, and selecting an access unit to service the power line modem, responsive to the determination of the costs.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus coordinates communication among a set of mobile stations by giving the mobile stations permission to transmit packets. The mobile stations divide comparatively long packets into shorter fragment packets. When the wireless communication apparatus receives a fragment packet with an indication that the station that transmitted the fragment packet has another fragment packet to transmit, the wireless communication apparatus gives the mobile station permission to transmit the next packet. The mobile station can accordingly transmit its fragment packets in continuous succession, avoiding a defragmentation timeout at the receiving end.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing performance of a packet service of a mobile communication terminal is disclosed. When the mobile communication terminal uses a packet service, an RAB set between the mobile communication terminal and a base station is compared to a reference value and the priority level of a packet service task processed in the mobile communication terminal is raised only when the mobile communication terminal is connected to the base station at or above the reference value. When the packet service is terminated, the priority level of the packet service task is returned to an original low priority level. The mobile communication terminal uses a maximum transmission speed for the packet service and when the mobile communication terminal uses a concurrent service requiring both real time service and packet service, packet service performance may be improved without affecting the real time service.

Abstract: A method of shaping data packet transmissions by nodes in a wireless network is presented. Each node sets a maximum limit for MAC service data unit size based on data rate so that maximum transmission times for data packet transmissions by all of the nodes are approximately the same.

Abstract: A method for serial data transmission between a position measuring system and a processing unit that includes transmitting position data and further data between the position measuring system and the processing unit in serial form as digital data words, transmitting up-to-date position data between the position measuring system and the processing unit upon a position request command and always transmitting further data, whose processing is not time-critical, immediately following the up-to-date position data.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention comprise systems and methods for providing transmission priority to stations in a wireless LAN system.

Abstract: A hand-off notifying and controlling system of a mobile node is disclosed including a mobile node (MN) that transmits a registration request message. An old foreign agent (FA) provides a mobile IP service to the MN, before the hand-off takes place. A new FA provides a mobile IP service to the MN, after the hand-off takes place. A home agent (HA) generates and transmits a registration release message to the old FA, upon receipt of the registration request message from the MN via the new FA. When the MN is handed off, since the HA deletes the previous registration of the MN, registered in the old FA, the waste of memory resources and registration lock dead can be simply and effectively reduce or solved.

Abstract: A master node in a packet ring network periodically sends a packet containing a discovery marker into the packet ring network. As each node in turn receives the packet, each adds its own discovery marker, which contains its topology information, to the packet, saves the topology information of others, and resends the packet to the next node in the ring. Eventually, the master node receives the packet containing a chain of discovery markers for all active nodes terminated by the master's own discovery marker, so the master node then removes its own discovery marker and resends the packet in to the ring network. Each node in turn then removes its own discovery marker. In this way, all nodes in the ring see topology information for every other active node.

Abstract: In one aspect of this invention, a control unit generates a frame having control data, and transmits it to a controlled apparatus via a transmission/reception unit or the like at a predetermined priority. In the controlled apparatus, a transmission/reception unit receives the frame, and a control unit analyzes it to generate a predetermined signal on the basis of the analysis result. The signal is output to a driving system or the like via an external I/O or the like. The controlled apparatus generates a response frame and transmits it to the control apparatus. In the control apparatus, the control unit analyzes the contents of the response frame, and a predetermined display is provided on the LED of an output unit on the basis of the analysis result.

Abstract: Respective nodes N1 to N3 only detect a carrier, and the node N3 sets a random time between a time after a certain period of time t1 and a time until a certain period of time t2 after the carrier of data D11 is gone as a waiting time so as to transmit data within this waiting time. The node N2 transmits ACK data D12 with respect to the data D11 to the node N1 before the certain period of time t1 after the carrier of the data D11 is gone. The node N3 detects the carrier of the ACK data D12 and again sets a random time after the certain period of time t1 until the certain period of time t2 to transmit the data.

Abstract: A non-instantaneous-disruption hard handover (HHO) control device includes a CFN generation block (110) for monitoring the state of a source baseband resource (201a) and a destination baseband resource (201b), generating a CFN which autonomously configures a switch timing so as to enable non-instantaneous-disruption HHO, transferring CFN information to the source baseband resource (201a) and destination baseband resource (201b). The device further includes HHO-information write-in/read-in blocks (205a, 205b) for writing radio information of the source baseband resource (201a), transferring the radio information to the destination baseband resource (201b), and enabling continuous communication by using the radio information.

Abstract: The present invention allows transmission power control for each packet without increasing overhead and control processing delay in communications control systems such as CDMA systems, thereby increasing the quality of transmission. The present invention provides a communications control system for controlling packet communications between a base station and a mobile station, including a determiner for determining the transmission power level of packet data based on the received intensity of a preamble signal transmitted in advance of transmission of the packet data or a reservation signal, a reservation signal transmitter for transmitting to the base station information regarding the amount and type of subsequent packet data as the reservation signal in parallel with transmission processing of the packet data, and a packet data transmitter for obtaining information regarding the determined transmission power level at the mobile station and transmitting the packet data based on the obtained information.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for streaming scalable video data over a variable-bandwidth network such as a packet-based one. In other words, the number of bits (for FGS) or sub-layers (for discrete multi-layer scalability) is chosen to be transmitted for each enhancement layer frame. Further, these bits or sub-layers are also partitioned over multiple packets if being sent over a packet-based network. Further, a windowing function is used to smooth the variation in the number of bits or sub-layers transmitted for each frame in situations where the network bandwidth is varying.

Abstract: Arbitration for a bus mastership is performed in accordance with the priority degrees of data which are to be transferred on a bus, by a comparatively simple construction. In a case where interfaces 2, 3 simultaneously output to the bus 1 the priority degrees which correspond to non-ATM lines 6, 7 being the reception sources or transmission destinations of the data stored in ATM cells, and where the priority degrees outputted by the interface themselves are the highest, the interfaces transmit to the bus 1, bus mastership request signals which contain the addresses of the interfaces themselves. A bus control module 4 receives the bus mastership request signals on the bus 1, it determines that one of the interfaces to which the bus mastership is granted, and it outputs to the bus 1 a bus mastership grant signal which contains the address of the determined interface.

Abstract: A method and system for providing priority to a station in a congested half duplex Ethernet network. Specifically, one embodiment of the present invention includes a method for providing priority to a peripheral component (e.g., half duplex Network Interface Card) in a congested network. The method includes the step of detecting a collision of a data packet during transmission of the data packet by a peripheral component coupled to a network. Furthermore, the method includes the step of determining a restricted back off time. It should be appreciated that the restricted back off time is substantially equal to or less than a restricted time value. Additionally, the method includes the step of causing the peripheral component to wait the restricted back off time before trying to retransmit the data packet over the network.

Abstract: A transmitter (102) generates a first set of data symbols and a first pilot symbol (601) at a first time, and a second set of data symbols and a second pilot symbol (602) at a different, second time. The first (601) and second (602) pilot symbols are each represented by first (701) and second (702) pilot carriers, respectively, located at first (703) and second (704) predetermined sample frequencies, respectively, in a channel bandwidth. For the first pilot symbol (601), the first (701) and second (702) pilot carriers have first and second predetermined values, respectively. For the second pilot symbol (602), the first (701) and second (702) pilot carriers have third and fourth predetermined values, respectively.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for Fibre Channel interconnection is provided between a plurality of private loop devices through a Fibre Channel private loop device interconnect system. In the preferred embodiments, the Fibre Channel private loop device interconnect system is a fabric or an intelligent bridging hub. In one aspect of this invention, a Fibre Channel private loop device is connected to two or more Arbitrated Loops containing, or adapted to contain, one or more private loop devices. Preferably, the interconnect system includes a routing filter to filter incoming Arbitrated Loop physical addresses (ALPAs) to determine which Fibre Channel frames must attempt to be routed through the fabric. Numerous topologies of interconnect systems may be achieved.

Abstract: A method and system for scheduling multiple frames and packets that are queued for transmission over a link, and queued from a link for storing into main memory. It recognizes priorities, provides fairness, and guarantees forward progress of all users. This method and system provides a mechanism that achieves the objectives with a very small state machine. It takes advantage of the nature of the traffic to calculate priorities in parallel to frame transmission.

Abstract: A periodical processing time band during which communication is periodically conducted between a plurality of communication terminals and a data bus control apparatus and a nonperiodical processing time band during which communication is nonperiodically conducted between the plurality of terminals and the data bus control apparatus are independently provided, priority communication during each nonperiodical processing time band are determined in advance.

Abstract: To address the need for a communication infrastructure and method to speed uplink data setup, the present invention provides for the assignment of uplink packet data resources by basestation transceiver systems (BTSs) without the need to communicate with any packet control unit (PCUs) first. The present invention accomplishes this by reserving packet data resources before they are needed or requested and providing them to BTSs for assignment. Thus, BTS-PCU communication occurs in the period before an uplink connection is needed and after uplink data is established, effectively eliminating the BTS-PCU delay from uplink data setup. Moreover, the present invention provides for the transmission of transmit allowance messages before an uplink request is made by the communication unit, further reducing uplink data setup time.

Abstract: Method for geolocating logical network addresses on electronically switched dynamic communications networks, such as the Internet, using the time latency of communications to and from the logical network address to determine its location. Minimum round-trip communications latency is measured between numerous stations on the network and known network addressed equipment to form a network latency topology map. Minimum round-trip communications latency is also measured between the stations and the logical network address to be geolocated. The resulting set of minimum round-trip communications latencies is then correlated with the network latency topology map to determine the location of the network address to be geolocated.

Abstract: A redundant information processing system with sufficient reliability is provided at a moderate cost without any part that could be a single fault point in the system. In the redundant information processing system in which an actuator 5 is controlled based on a signal from a sensor 4, each of processing devices 1A to 1C collects command signals from other processing devices and determines which command signal to be valid according to a logical decision, for example, a majority decision. When the command signals of more than two of the processing devices including the relevant processing device which determines are valid, the command signals are output according to priority while a control information blocking signal is output to a processing device other than those which are valid.