Abstract: A method and a component for despreading a multi-code signal that has been generated using two or more spreading codes with different spreading factors are described. The method comprises subjecting the signal to a first despreading step (40) that includes a first Fast Hadamard Transform (FHT) to jointly despread the spreading codes. During the first despreading step one or more spreading codes are despread only partially. The signal or signal portion including one or more partially despread spreading codes are then subjected to one or more further despreading steps (42).

Abstract: In a high-speed search system for CDMA, plural (M) symbols which are subjected to spread frequency coding with a spreading code called as a short code are prepared when synchronization of the spreading code is established before synchronization of carrier is established in a mobile station used in a CDMA cellular system, data which are obtained by forming an orthogonal code with the polarities of the M symbols are set as a down signal, and when the orthogonal code concerned is detected, coherent integration is performed by a correlator having combinations of the polarities which can be possibly taken by the code over the plural symbols (of M) constituting the code.

Abstract: A method for spectrally shaping a communication signal is provided. The method comprises generating a plurality of spreading codes, assigning a probability to each of the plurality of spreading codes, and modulating the communication signal by hopping between the plurality of spreading codes such that a time-average proportion of time spent using any one of the plurality of spreading codes is equal to the probability assigned to that spreading code.

Abstract: In a communication system, when packet data units (PDUs) to be transmitted from a transmitter apparatus are modulated according to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), the waveforms representing the modulated PDUs will experience different peak to average ratio values (PAR) making the PDUs differently sensitive to non-ideal transmitter characteristics. To minimize errors in the transmitted PDUs, at least two PDUs (304, 305, 306) are scrambled and modulated in parallel and substantially simultaneously in the transmitter (100), and the PAR values of the at least two PDUs (304, 305, 306) are determined at each transmit instance. The measured PAR values of the at least two PDUs are compared in a scheduler (310), and the scheduler selects for transmission the PDU with the lowest PAR value. The scheduler (310) then instructs the transmitter (100) to transmit the selected PDU.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting data in a frequency division multiple access based communication system is disclosed. The apparatus includes a symbol block generator for generating a symbol block in a predetermined symbol block period within one TTI when control information to be transmitted exists in the TTI, an FFT unit for performing FFT on the symbol block, and an IFFT unit for performing IFFT on signals output from the FFT unit and then transmitting the signals. The symbol block includes the control information and data to be transmitted. The TTI includes multiple symbol block periods.

Abstract: At a base station apparatus, known pilot signals for use in channel estimation are transmitted, and in addition thereto MCS pilot signals that are used to perform adaptive modulations respectively corresponding to a plurality of modulation schemes are multiplexed and output. A mobile station apparatus dispreads the respective MCS signals out of the multiplex signal, compares these to known symbols patterns, and sends the MCS pilot signals that show a matching relationship to the base station apparatus as a mobile station reception result. Upon receiving the mobile station reception result from the mobile station apparatus, the base station apparatus selects the modulation scheme of the optimum modulation level for the downlink signals. This configuration makes it possible to switch the modulation schemes in an accurate and simple way.

Abstract: A multi-code-set channel estimation method in a time-slot CDMA system having steps of: A. performing uni-code-set channel estimations and obtaining channel estimation result; B. extracting a maximum interference tap from the channel estimation result; C. reproducing interference components suffered respectively by response signals corresponding respectively to the plurality of code-sets from the maximum interference tap; D. canceling the interference components, and obtaining a pure channel estimation result of a signal corresponding to each code-set; E. determining whether a predetermined number of iterations has been performed, if so, outputting the result of each uni-code-set channel estimation; otherwise, taking the pure channel estimation result of the signal corresponding to each code-set as the channel estimation result of the code-set to be processed in the next iteration, and returning to step B.

Abstract: An improved method of framing data packets in a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) system that uses one pseudo-noise code (PN-Code) to frame the packet with a start-of-packet (SOP) and end-of-packet (EOP) indicator, and a different PN-Code to encode the data payload. Furthermore, the SOP is represented by the framing PN-Code, and the EOP is represented by the inverse of the framing PN-Code. This method creates a robust framing system that enables a DSSS system to operate with a low threshold of detection, thus maximizing transmission range even in noisy environments. Additionally, the PN-Code used for the SOP and EOP indicators can be used to indicate an acknowledgement response.

Abstract: N channels of encoded data are added into added data, which is compared with a first threshold of 2M?1?A and a second threshold of 2M?1?1, where M is the number of the bit positions of the binary representation of N and A is defined by 2M?(N+1). When the added data is less than the first threshold, it is selected. When the added data falls between the first and second thresholds, inclusive, either the added data or shifted data, obtained by adding A to the added data, is selected. When the added data exceeds the second threshold, the shifted data is selected. Based on output data representing the values of the respective bit positions of the binary representation of the selected data, the k-th output data, where k is a natural number less than M, is amplified into k-th amplified data having an amplitude level of 2k?1, and the M-th output data is amplified into M-th amplified data having an amplitude level of 2M?1?A. The first to M-th amplified data are multiplexed into a CDM signal.

Abstract: A method for transmitting a signal of a medium access control sublayer in a mobile communication system which has mobile and base stations for providing a bearer service. A bearer service profile type is decided according to a bearer service combination type of the bearer service for the provision of the bearer service. A transport format indicator is set according to the decided bearer service profile type, and a transport format combination indicator is appended to a dedicated physical control channel. The most efficient data is transmitted on the basis of a service type and a measured radio environment result. Therefore, a data frame format most suitable to a channel environment can be produced, thereby providing the best service.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and system for reducing the peak to average power ratio (PAP) of a signal with low computational complexity. According to one embodiment, the present invention is applied to reduce the PAP of an OFDM signal. According to an alternative embodiment, the present invention, is applied to reduce the PAP of a CDMA signal. Rather than seeking the optimum solution, which involves significant computational complexity, the present invention provides for a number of sub-optimal techniques for reducing the PAP of an OFDM signal but with much lower computational complexity. In particular, according to one embodiment utilizing the PTS approach, an iterative technique is used to assign phase factors to each of a set of partial transmit sequences from a set of possible phase factors. Experimental results using the iterative technique showed only a slight degradation (1 dB) from the optimal approach using the same number of subblocks and subcarriers.

Abstract: A code division multiple access (CDMA) communication device comprises a medium access controller (MAC) configured to receive data from a plurality of channels. Each channel is associated with a priority and an identifier. The MAC is further configured to multiplex the data of the plurality of channels for transmission over a CDMA channel based on the priority.

Abstract: Successive interference canceling for CDMA. ICI may result from a signal's multi-path effects, or by filtering/suppression of some of the component energy of the signaling waveforms. Energy component attenuation destroys orthogonality of CDMA symbols thereby causing ICI. An ICF suppresses frequency domain portions (attenuates ingress), but also introduces ICI. Following the ICF, the signal is de-spread, sliced, re-spread and convolved with the ICF echoes (except first tap echoes). Convolving re-spread hard decisions with delayed ICF taps is equivalent to partially re-modulating the first-pass hard decisions to efficiently “add-back-in” the signal energy which was blanked/subtracted by the ICF. Alternatively, parameter estimation de-rotates and re-rotates soft symbols and hard decisions, respectively, compensating for undesirable symbol rotation. The convolved signal is subtracted from a delayed version of the ICF output signal.

Abstract: A base station of the present invention performs transmission power control quickly with maintaining communication quality in mobile communications systems, by setting up priority about transmission power control and performing transmission power control sequentially from a channel with a high priority. A channel priority setting unit outputs priority information indicating priority for transmission power control about a plurality of channel information. A power calculation unit outputs total power information of all channels about the plurality of channel information. A power adjustment unit performs power adjustment to the channel information selected on the basis of the priority information when the total power information has larger value than maximum transmission power information.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for providing an improved scheme for encoding control information for transmitting user data. Further the method and apparatus may allow for reducing the control signaling overhead. These advantages may be achieved by interpreting information on at least one link adaptation parameter for transmitting the user data to determine the at least one link adaptation parameter for transmitting the user data, wherein the at least one link adaptation parameter for transmitting the user data is comprised in control signaling. According to the invention the interpretation of the information depends on at least one link adaptation parameter employed for transmitting the control signaling.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for re-mapping and interleaving transport packets of multiple transport streams for processing by a single transport demultiplexor. At least one PID re-map table is employed having re-map values indexed by n possible PID values of transport packets associated with at one transport stream of the multiple transport streams. The n possible PID values is less than or equal to the number of PID values which can be handled by the single transport demultiplexor, and is less than all possible PID values of transport packets within the multiple transport streams. The PID values within at least one transport stream are compared with the n possible PID values of the PID re-map table, and when a match is found, the table is indexed using the matching entry and a re-map value is generated therefrom. The re-map value replaces the original PID value within the transport packet.

Abstract: A signal receiver includes a sampling device for sampling a received signal carrying a stream of symbols to form a first set of actual samples. The signal receiver also includes interpolation means for interpolating between the samples of the first set to form a second set of interpolated samples. The signal receiver also includes symbol recovery means configured to process the first and second sets of samples so as to form an estimate of the symbols of the signal. The processing includes performing a temporal whitening step on signals derived from first and second sets of samples. The signal receiver also includes signal combining means using a matched filter and averaging technique.

Abstract: A code division multiplex signal transmitter includes an operational circuit, a modulator unit and a multiplexer. The operational circuit adds up input transmission data on channels to produce resultant added data and modulates pieces of bit transmission data which are indicative of the values of the respective bits of the added data, when expressed in binary form, the pieces of bit transmission data being equal in number to the M bit positions of the added data expressed in binary form. The modulator unit includes modulators corresponding in number to the M bit positions of the added data in the binary form. A k-th modulator, where k is an integer of 1 to M, inclusive, modulates a k-th piece of bit transmission data to produce a k-th bit modulated signal whose amplitude level is 2k-1. The multiplexer multiplexes first to M-th bit modulated signals to produce a code division multiplex signal.

Abstract: A remote station for wireless communication is disclosed. The remote station includes a transmitter configured to transmit packet data on an uplink channel and a receiver. The receiver is configured to receive a first frame having a downlink dedicated physical channel, the first frame being defined by a first propagation delay and a first time offset relative to a reference timing based on a common control physical channel and receive a second frame having a downlink dedicated control channel responsive to the packet data received by a base station, a beginning of the second frame being defined by a second propagation delay and a second time offset from the reference timing, the second time offset being a function of the first time offset.

Abstract: A method and apparatus having a modified Reed-Solomon decoder is used for finding a specific code group used by a base station and the frame timing synchronization with the base station. The modified Reed-Solomon decoder uses a standard Reed-Solomon decoder and some reliability measurements computed from the received code word symbols. If the reliability of a received symbol is too low, this symbol is considered as erasure. By selecting code word symbols with higher reliabilities and erasing code word symbols with lower reliabilities, the symbol error probability is reduced and the performance is improved. Several modified Reed-Solomon decoders and a few decoding strategies are introduced in order to decode the received code word sequences with a power- and memory-effective method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for exchanging digital data between several sources and at least one hub in a CDMA system, characterised in that it comprises a number n of digital transmission/reception circuits (1) installed in parallel, each circuit (1) comprising a transmitter (2i) comprising means of generating an integer number Nc of codes that will be used for spectral spreading of data to be transmitted and a receiver (4i) comprising means (46, 48) of detecting the access of new sources to the CDMA system transmission channel and means (49) of generating synchronisation signals and power control signals corresponding to each detected new source.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for estimating a start point of a frame in a wireless communication system. The method includes the steps of receiving a frame and estimating the start of the frame by searching for an interval or point of time during or at which a correlation between preambles is at its maximum. At this time, to in order to estimate the start of the frame, a cyclic prefix is used. Thus, a correlation between a cyclic prefix and the last interval of a symbol, which is the same as the cyclic prefix, is calculated and an interval or point of time having the maximum correlation is estimated as the start point of the cyclic prefix. Therefore, the start point of the frame can be accurately estimated based on the start point of the cyclic prefix.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for transmitting additional data over preexisting differential COFDM signals by modulating existing data carriers with a phase and an amplitude offset. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention, additional data capacity can be achieved for an COFDM signal which is completely backwards compatible with existing satellite broadcast communications systems. In exemplary embodiments of the present invention additional information can be overlayed on an existing signal as a combination of amplitude and phase offset from the original QPSK symbols, applied for each information bit of the overlay data. With two additional levels of modulation, a receiver can demodulate the information from each of the previous stages and combine the information into a suitable format for soft decoding. The first stage of demodulation will be recovery of overlay data from the amplitude modulated D8PSK.

Abstract: A diversity proximity communication system formed on two juxtaposed chips, one having a two-dimensional array of transmit elements, the other having a two-dimensional array of receive elements. The receive and transmit elements need not be aligned and may have nominal alignment of one transmit element overlapping the corners of four receive elements. The elements may be electrical pads capacitively coupled across the interface. Signals of four different multiplexing groups, e.g., time-multiplexed, are supplied to transmitting elements in a 2×2 array. Signals from four receive elements in a 2×2 array are amplified, combined, and demultiplexed for the selected multiplexing group. The gains for the four signals to be combined are differentially controlled to increase the signal-to-noise ratio. The amplification may be determined by the overlap between each of the receive elements and the transmit element of the selected multiplexing group.

Abstract: A device and method for predicting noise in a signal that is received by a digital receiver is provided. The device includes an autocorrelation function determination device and a noise predictor device. Also included in the device is an adaptive filter that produces a prediction error value for the received signal and the adaptive filter adjusts the filter coefficients as a function of a prediction error of the adaptive filter. Using the filter coefficient of the adaptive filter, the method may determine the autocorrelation function of the received signal. The noise estimated values for the noise contained in the received signal may be computed on a basis of the autocorrelation function of the received signal. The embodiment also may facilitate noise prediction when heavy correlated noise is present.

Abstract: An input signal INDATA inputted to a sender-side interface portion is encoded by an encoder, and a transmission signal generated by the encoding is transmitted to a receiver-side interface portion through two signal transmission lines. The input signal INDATA is encoded in such a manner that the logic level of the transmission signal transmitted through at least one of the two signal transmission lines is changed in any two consecutive elementary periods. The receiver-side interface portion is provided with a clock receiver, and a clock signal is generated based on the change of the transmission signals supplied from the two signal transmission lines.

Abstract: Data is estimated of a plurality of received spread spectrum signals by a wireless communication apparatus. The plurality of received communications are received in a shared spectrum. The received communications are sampled to produce a received vector of sequential samples. The received vector is processed to produce a plurality of segments. Each segment is processed separately to estimate data of the received communications.

Abstract: A technique of operating a communication device includes identifying a signal null associated with a signal to be transmitted on a first communication channel. A channel gain of the first communication channel is adjusted at a time that substantially coincides with the signal null to reduce transient noise spectrum coupled from the first communication channel to one or more second communication channels.

Abstract: An apparatus (A) is dedicated to generating sequences of signal coding elements within a signal transmission device (TD) of a CDMA network.

Abstract: A baseband processing module of a wireless terminal includes a Turbo decoding module. The Turbo decoding module decodes a Turbo code word to produce one or more Media Access Control (MAC) packet(s) carried by the turbo decode word. Each MAC packet includes a MAC packet header and the MAC packet payload, which carries one or more Radio Link Control (RLC) Packet Data Units (PDUs). The Turbo decoding module decodes the MAC packet header to determine boundaries of the PDUs carried in the MAC packet payload. The Turbo decoding module decodes RLC PDU headers and RLC PDU payloads of the RLC PDUs. The Turbo decoding module writes the decoded MAC packet header, the decoded RLC PDU headers, and the decoded RLC PDU payloads to memory in a word-aligned format. The Turbo decoding module may also operate in various other Turbo decoding modes.

Abstract: A code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system using spread spectrum signaling over a communication bandwidth uses two different signal spectra generated using two different respective spreading code formats, such as NRZ code formatting and staggered Manchester code formatting, for respectively providing nonsplit spectra having a center peak and split spectra having a center null. The spectra are combined during transmission as a CDMA communication signal having a composite spectrum. The use of different code formats produces the composite spectrum of respective center peak and center null spectra that enables increased channel capacity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a code tracking apparatus and method under a multi-path environment in a DS-CDMA communication system.

Abstract: A method for transmitting/receiving signals in a mobile communication system, a pilot configuration of a mobile communication system capable of transmitting much more data using a conventional pilot signal, a channel estimation method, and a receiving method are disclosed. A method for transmitting a signal equipped with a training symbol in a mobile communication system which includes a transmission end capable of transmitting an output signal equipped with a training symbol for channel estimation of a reception end, includes the steps of: a) adding training symbols having the same amplitude to data symbols transmitted via subcarriers, and calculating the output signal transmitted via the subcarriers; and b) transmitting the calculated output signal via the subcarriers.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for generating a preamble signal for cell identification in an OFDM mobile communication system. The method includes the steps of generating a Walsh code symbol for a cell identification by combining Walsh codewords having a predetermined length and generating the preamble signal through multiplying the Walsh code symbol by a pseudo noise (PN) code having a length identical to a length of the Walsh code symbol.

Abstract: The present invention is a receiver which includes a blind code detection device for determining the identity of a plurality of channels over which information is to be transmitted when the identity of all channels is not known by the receiver. The blind code detection device generates a candidate channel list filled with the identify of selected channels out of the plurality of channels. A multi-user detection device, responsive to the blind code detection device, processes those channels in the candidate code list.

Abstract: An Intelligent Data Multiplexer (“IDM”) can be used to interface a plurality of host computers with a semiconductor manufacturing tool. In one embodiment, the IDM has a plurality of host-side ports configured to receive messages from each of the host computers interfaced with the semiconductor manufacturing tool. The IDM also includes a multiplexer configured to multiplex the messages received from the host-side ports. To process possible conflict messages from the host computers, the IDM has a conflict resolve module. The messages are then delivered from the IDM to the semiconductor manufacturing tool through a tool-side port used to connect the semiconductor manufacturing tool to the IDM.

Abstract: A current compensation circuit and an optimized current compensation circuit are disclosed for a Parallel Resistors Architecture (PRA) digital-to-analog converter (DAC). The circuits are used to balance code dependent current consumption of the PRA-DAC.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data comprising a plurality of bits is described wherein the data is mapped to a plurality of modulation symbols, each modulation symbol comprising at least one more significant bit and at least one less significant bit, at least one parity bit is generated for the plurality of bits and the plurality of bits are mapped to more significant bits of the plurality of modulation symbols and the at least one parity bit is mapped to at least one less significant bit of the plurality of modulation symbols.

Abstract: A radio communication system comprises a communication channel for the transmission of data from a secondary station to a primary station. The secondary station is operable in a first (normal) and a second (gated) mode, with a reduced quantity of data being transmitted in the second mode. The secondary station generates a coded word providing information on the transport formats applicable to the channel and transmits this coded word repeatedly to the primary station. Different coding schemes are used to generate the coded word in each mode of operation, thereby enabling improved performance in gated mode compared to truncating the coded word.

Abstract: A baseband processing module for use within a Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver includes a downlink/uplink interface, TX processing components, a processor, memory, RX processing components, and a turbo decoding module. The RX processing components receive a baseband RX signal from the RF front end, produce a set of IR samples from the baseband RX signal, and transfer the set of IR samples to the memory. The turbo decoding module receives at least one set of IR samples from the memory, forms a turbo code word from the at least one set of IR samples, turbo decodes the turbo code word to produce inbound data, and outputs the inbound data to the downlink/uplink interface. The turbo decoding module performs metric normalization based upon a chosen metric, performs de-rate matching, performs error detection operations, and extracts information from a MAC packet that it produces.

Abstract: Timing control means receives a plurality of data that have been input in parallel and adjusts the timings of a plurality of the data so that data having the same destination do not exist at the same timing. Multiplexing means generates a multiple signal by multiplying the data whose timings have been adjusted in the timing control means by an orthogonal code that has been determined for each destination and then by multiplexing data being at the same timing together. Separating means extracts a datum for each destination from the multiple signal, by multiplying the multiple signal by an orthogonal code for each destination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for non-Gaussian code-division-multiple-access signal transmission and reception. Input probability data indicative of a non-equiprobable channel input probability mass function are determined based on received channel data indicative of characteristics of a CDMA transmission channel. The input probability data are determined such that a transmission signal received after transmission has a non-Gaussian distribution. Upon receipt of input user data, a CDMA signal is generated by modulating the received user input data in dependence upon the input probability data and provided for transmission. After transmission a received transmission signal is first processed for determining second channel data and then for determining an estimate indicative of the user input data based on the second channel data.

Abstract: A code division multiplex transmitting and receiving apparatus has a transmitting apparatus with two coders per channel and terminal units with two matched filters each. One coder and one matched filter employ one spreading code; the other coder and the other matched filter employ another spreading code. The two coded signals output in parallel by the two coders are converted to a single serial signal before being multiplexed. The two matched filters sample alternate chips in the multiplexed signal. The two coders can be supplied with different data signals to double the transmission capacity, or with the same data signal to double the transmission distance. The outputs of the two matched filters are processed separately in the former case and are combined in the latter case.

Abstract: A baseband processing module for use within a Radio Frequency (RF) transceiver includes a downlink/uplink interface, TX processing components, a processor, memory, RX processing components, and a turbo decoding module. The RX processing components receive a baseband RX signal from the RF front end, produce a set of IR samples from the baseband RX signal, and transfer the set of IR samples to the memory. The turbo decoding module receives at least one set of IR samples from the memory, forms a turbo code word from the at least one set of IR samples, turbo decodes the turbo code word to produce inbound data, and outputs the inbound data to the downlink/uplink interface. The turbo decoding module performs metric normalization based upon a chosen metric performs error detection operations, and extracts information from a MAC packet that it produces.

Abstract: An input signal INDATA inputted to a sender-side interface portion is encoded by an encoder, and a transmission signal generated by the encoding is transmitted to a receiver-side interface portion through two signal transmission lines. The input signal INDATA is encoded in such a manner that the logic level of the transmission signal transmitted through at least one of the two signal transmission lines is changed in any two consecutive elementary periods. The receiver-side interface portion is provided with a clock receiver, and a clock signal is generated based on the change of the transmission signals supplied from the two signal transmission lines.

Abstract: In a baseband processing unit in a node-B, a path search circuit includes a path capture unit, path track transfer unit, and channel estimation unit, all of which are primarily provided for the path capture, channel estimation, and RAKE combination. In the baseband processing unit, a synchronization determination circuit includes a decoding unit provided for decoding RAKE-combined data and calculating an average SIR per wireless frame and a correction calculation unit primarily provided for reliably and stably detecting wireless frame synchronization. The processing time required to detect synchronization establishment during wireless frame synchronization determination is shortened.

Abstract: A system and method for transmitting wideband signals via a radio communication system adapted for transmitting narrow-band signals is described. A base station is used to transmit and receive a plurality of relatively narrow-band and a plurality of relatively wideband signals. The electromagnetic spectrum available to the plurality of narrow-band signals is selectively shared with the electromagnetic spectrum available to the wideband signals by systematically separating the orthogonal codes and the carrier frequencies used for transmission. The prefixes of the orthogonal codes are preferably mutually exclusive and the carrier frequencies are preferably separated by an offset. The offset may be substantially equal to an integer multiple of the narrow-band signal's chip rate. Alternatively, the offset may be substantially equal to an odd multiple of one half the narrow-band signal's chip rate in which case every other bit of the orthogonally encoded data is inverted.

Abstract: The code division (CDMA) transmission method includes the step of multiplying a signal (a) to be transmitted, represented by a vector, by a matrix (S), whose result is represented by a vector (x), said method being characterized in that: • taking a basic sequence with substantially-ideal periodic autocorrelation; • constructing said matrix (S) by a cyclical translation of said basic sequence, in such a way that the columns of said matrix (S) are the cyclical shifts of the basic sequence; • adding a cyclic prefix to said resulting vector (x).

Abstract: In order to improve the performance of physical channels in telecommunications systems using wire-free telecommunication between mobile and/or stationary transmitting/receiving appliances as a function of; the channel data transmission rate, the system environment, the system utilization and the distance between the transmitting/receiving appliances, such that no circuitry changes are required to the transmitters and/or receivers in the transmitting/receiving appliances, an air interface is proposed, in which the number of NPILOT bits, NTPC bits and NTFC1 bits are each variable, and in which, in particular during an active or passive telecommunications link between the mobile and/or stationary transmitting/receiving appliances in the telecommunications system, the number of NPILOT bits, NTPC bits and NTFC1 bits can each be varied and/or optimized adaptively by control means, such as by suitable “layer 2” or “layer 3” signaling (“layer 2/3” signaling) which takes place, for example, via the DPDCH channel.

Abstract: According to the present invention a A transmitter and a transmitting method for communicating data symbols over a communication channel, for example, according to the CDMA system is presented . The transmitter (24, 25) comprises means (9) for spreading A spreading section spreads each data symbol with a respective spreading code, wherein the . The spreading codes are mutually orthogonal. Means (10) for scrambling are A scrambling section is provided to scramble each spread symbol with a respective scrambling code, the scrambling codes respectively having the same length as the spreading codes . Furthermore, means (11) for a transmission section for the transmission of the spread and scrambled symbols are provided is provided. According to the present invention the means (10) for scrambling are the scrambling section is provided with a plurality of different scrambling codes, which can be used simultaneously within the same link.