Abstract: There is provided a method and apparatus for evaluating nonlinear impairment of an optical fiber link. The method includes partitioning a natural span of the optical fiber link into multiple sub-spans, each of the multiple sub-spans determined based on chromatic dispersion (CD) equivalence; The method further includes for each of the multiple sub-spans, acquiring sub-span function parameters and a sub-span input power indicative of input power at a particular sub-span, the sub-span function parameters including noise variance and correlations between the particular sub-span and others of the multiple sub-spans. The method additionally includes determining the nonlinear impairment of the optical fiber link based on the sub-span input power and the sub-span function parameters acquired for each of the multiple sub-spans.

Abstract: Provided are: a polarizing plate; a method for manufacturing the polarizing plate; and an optical display device comprising the same, the polarizing plate having an adhesive layer, a barrier layer, a polarizer, and a protective film, which are sequentially stacked, wherein the barrier layer is formed from a barrier layer composition containing an epoxy-based compound and an antimony sulfonium-based initiator.

Abstract: An optical fiber may comprise a core doped with one or more active ions to guide signal light from an input end of the optical fiber to an output end of the optical fiber, a cladding surrounding the core to guide pump light from the input end of the optical fiber to the output end of the optical fiber, and one or more inserts formed in the cladding surrounding the core. Each of the one or more inserts may have a geometry (e.g., a cross-sectional size, a helical pitch, and/or the like) that varies along a longitudinal length of the optical fiber, which may cause an absorption of the pump light to be modulated along the longitudinal length of the optical fiber.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical fiber, including: exposing a soot core preform to a dopant gas at a pressure of from 1.5 atm to 40 atm, the soot core preform comprising silica, the dopant gas comprising a first halogen doping precursor and a second halogen doping precursor, the first halogen doping precursor doping the soot core preform with a first halogen dopant and the second halogen precursor doping the soot core preform with a second halogen dopant; and sintering the soot core preform to form a halogen-doped closed-pore body, the halogen-doped closed-pore body having a combined concentration of the first halogen dopant and the second halogen dopant of at least 2.0 wt %.

Abstract: An optical fiber having an effective area that can be easily increased and bending loss characteristics that can be easily improved is provided. The optical fiber includes a glass fiber including a core and a cladding; a first resin coating layer that is in contact with the glass fiber and surrounds the glass fiber; and a second resin coating layer that surrounds the first resin coating layer and has a Young's modulus greater than a Young's modulus of the first resin coating layer. An effective area is greater than or equal to 110 ?m2 and less than or equal to 180 ?m2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm. A cable cut-off wavelength is less than or equal to 1530 nm. A uniformity of thickness of the first resin coating layer is greater than or equal to 60% and less than or equal to 80%.

Abstract: Polymeric coated optical elements are described herein, which exhibit good optical properties, e.g., low attenuation. Some such coated optical elements comprise an optical element (e.g., an optical fiber) having an outer surface and a thermoplastic polymeric tight buffer coating on at least a portion of the outer surface of the optical element, wherein the polymer-coated optical element exhibits a first attenuation at room temperature of plus or minus about 50% the attenuation of a comparable optical element with no thermoplastic polymeric tight buffer coating thereon, and a second attenuation at room temperature after thermal cycling to a temperature of at least 170° C. that is about 2 times the first attenuation or less.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a scanning probe, a method and an apparatus for manufacturing the scanning probe. The scanning probe includes a base and a micro-tip disposed on an end of the base, wherein at least a section of the micro-tip comprises a lateral surface with a concavely curved generatrix. In the method, an end of a probe precursor is immersed in a corrosive solution by having a length direction of the probe precursor inclined with a liquid surface of the corrosive solution. The probe precursor is corroded by the corrosive solution while a corrosion current of the corroding is monitored. The probe precursor is moved away from the corrosive solution after a magnitude of the corrosion current has a plunge. The apparatus includes a container containing the corrosive solution, and a driving device configured to move the probe precursor in the container through a fastener.

Abstract: An optical module comprising a first optical fiber corresponding to an incidence side for laser light a second optical fiber corresponding to an emission side for the laser light; and a connection protecting portion that is provided and located so as to cover a connection site for optically connecting the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber, wherein the second optical fiber has a larger core diameter than the first optical fiber, the connection site is a site where a core portion of the first optical fiber and a core portion of the second optical fiber are connected to each other in a discontinuous shape, and the connection protecting portion is formed of a thermally conductive protective material and/or a photorefractive protective material includes refractive index that is equal to or higher than that of a clad portion of the first optical fiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber (100). The optical fiber (100) includes a core region (102). The core region (102) is defined by a region around central longitudinal axis (112) of the optical fiber (100). In addition, the core region (100) has a first annular region (106). The first annular region (106) is defined from the central longitudinal axis (112) to a first radius from the central longitudinal axis. Moreover, the core region (102) has a second annular region (108). The second annular region (108) is defined from the first radius to a second radius. Further, the core region (102) has a third annular region (110). The third annular region (110) is defined from the second radius to a third radius. Also, the optical fiber (100) includes a cladding (104). The cladding region (104) has a fourth radius.

Abstract: A hair colorant selection and formulation system including one or more of a hair color analyzer operable to determine hair color of a hair sample and match the determined hair color to a color in a color space, a hair color selector operable in combination with a fiber optic hair sample to generate the color selected in a color space in the optical fibers of a fiber optic hair sample, and a hair colorant mixer which operates to mix a hair colorant, which can be individually, or in various combinations, operably coupled to one or more computing devices through one or more server computers via a network which supports a hair colorant selection and hair colorant formulation program accessible by the one or more computing devices.

Abstract: Hybrid optical integration places very strict manufacturing tolerances and performance requirements upon the multiple elements to exploit passive alignment techniques as well as having additional processing requirements. Alternatively, active alignment and soldering/fixing where feasible is also complex and time consuming with 3, 4, or 6-axis control of each element. However, microelectromechanical (MEMS) systems can sense, control, and activate mechanical processes on the micro scale. Beneficially, therefore the inventors combine silicon MEMS based micro-actuators with silicon CMOS control and drive circuits in order to provide alignment of elements within a silicon optical circuit either with respect to each other or with other optical elements hybridly integrated such as compound semiconductor elements. Such inventive MEMS based circuits may be either maintained as active during deployment or powered off once the alignment has been “locked” through an attachment/retention/latching process.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes (i) a chlorine doped silica based core having a core alpha (Core?)?4, a radius r1, and a maximum refractive index delta ?1max % and (ii) a cladding surrounding the core. The cladding surrounding the core includes a) a first inner cladding region adjacent to and in contact with the core and having a refractive index delta ?2, a radius r2, and a minimum refractive index delta ?2min such that ?2min<?1max, b) a second inner cladding adjacent to and in contact with the first inner cladding having a refractive index ?3, a radius r3, and a minimum refractive index delta ?3min such that ?3min<?2, and c) an outer cladding region surrounding the second inner cladding region and having a refractive index ?5, a radius rmax, and a minimum refractive index delta ?3min such that ?3min<?2.

Abstract: A silicon based electro-optically active device and method of producing the same. The silicon based electro-optically active device comprising: a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide; an electro-optically active waveguide including an electro-optically active stack within a cavity of the SOI waveguide; and a lined channel between the electro-optically active stack and the SOI waveguide, the lined channel comprising a liner; wherein the lined channel is filled with a filling material with a refractive index similar to that of a material forming a sidewall of the cavity, to thereby form a bridge-waveguide in the channel between the SOI waveguide and the electro-optically active stack.

Abstract: An optical waveguide element includes: a cladding portion made of silica-based glass; and a plurality of optical waveguides positioned in the cladding portion and made of silica-based glass in which ZrO2 crystal particles are dispersed. The optical waveguide element is a planar lightwave circuit. The plurality of optical waveguides configure an arrayed waveguide grating element.

Abstract: An illumination system includes a light source, and an optical fiber having opposed first and second end faces, a core, a cladding surrounding the core, an outer surface, and a plurality of nano-sized structures configured to scatter light traveling within the optic fibers towards the outer surface. The light source has an effective numerical aperture NAO, the optical fiber has a numerical aperture NALDF which is more than the effective numerical aperture NAO of the light source. The light source is optically coupled to the first end of the optical fiber such that a propagation pathway of light outputted by the light source forms an incident angle ?i, with respect to the first end face, that is non-orthogonal to the first end face and within approximately 5° of sin?1 NALDF?sin?1 NAO.

Abstract: An optical fiber according to an embodiment includes: a core; an inner cladding surrounding the core and having a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the core; an outer cladding surrounding the inner cladding and having a smaller refractive index than the refractive index of the core and having a refractive index greater than the refractive index of the inner cladding, in which a ratio of a caustic radius to a MAC-value (caustic radius/MAC-value) at a bending radius of 10 mm at a wavelength of 1625 nm is 2.70 ?m or more.

Abstract: An optical fiber has a core to which chlorine is added and a clad to which fluorine is added, chlorine of 9000 to 13000 ppm is added to the core, a relative refractive index difference ?1 of the core to a pure silica glass is 0.09 to 0.13%, a relative refractive index difference ?2 of the clad to a pure silica glass is ?0.36 to ?0.17%, a difference (?1-?2) between the relative refractive index difference ?1 of the core and the relative refractive index difference ?2 of the clad is larger than or equal to 0.30%, a mode field diameter at wavelength 1.31 ?m is 8.8 to 9.6 ?m, and a stress difference occurring at an interface between the core and the clad is lower than or equal to 60 MPa.

Abstract: An integrated electro-optical circuit board comprises a first flexible substrate having a top side and a bottom side, at least one first optical circuit on the bottom side of the first flexible substrate connected to the top surface through a filled via, at least one first metal trace on the top side of the first flexible substrate, an optical adhesive layer connecting the bottom side of the first flexible substrate to a top side of a second flexible substrate, and at least one second metal trace on a bottom side of the second flexible substrate connected by a filled via through the second flexible substrate, the optical adhesive layer, and the first flexible substrate to the at least one first metal trace.

Abstract: An antibacterial mask that includes a filter portion having a first principal surface and a second principal surface opposite the first principal surface, the filter portion including a plurality of first piezoelectric yarns that generate at least a first charge by stretching.

Abstract: A single mode optical fiber, comprising: (i) a silica based core having a step refractive index profile with an alpha of greater than 10, a relative refractive index ?1MAX, and an outer radius r1, wherein 6.25 microns>r1?4.75 microns, the core further comprising Cl, Ge, or a combination thereof; (ii) a first cladding region in contact with and surrounding the core, the first cladding region having a relative refractive index ?2MIN, an inner radius r1, and an outer radius r2, wherein r2<20 microns; and (iii) an outer cladding region surrounding the first cladding region, the outer cladding region having a relative refractive index ?3. The fiber<1300 nm, a 22m cable cutoff wavelength<1260 nm; and a bend loss<0.005 dB/turn when the optical fiber is bent around a 30 mm mandrel; <0.5 dB/turn when the fiber is bent around a 20 mm mandrel.

Abstract: A lighting device for total-internal-reflection fluorescence microscopy includes a substrate that is transparent to light, having a refractive index higher than that of water; a light-emitting device arranged in the interior of the substrate, suitable for emitting light radiation in the direction of a surface of the substrate, the light-emitting device being arranged such that at least one portion of the radiation reaches the surface with an angle of incidence larger than or equal to a critical angle of total internal reflection for an interface between the substrate and water; and at least one opaque mask, arranged in the interior or on the surface of the substrate so as to intercept a portion of the radiation that, in the absence of the mask, would reach the surface with an angle of incidence smaller than the critical angle. A lighting device to total-internal-reflection fluorescence microscopy is provided.

Abstract: A silicon based electro-optically active device and method of production thereof. The device comprising: a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) layer; an electro-optically active stack, disposed on top of the SOI layer: a first epitaxially grown structure comprising a first passive waveguide and a second epitaxially grown structure comprising a second passive waveguide, the first and second passive waveguides being disposed adjacent to respective sides of the electro-optically active stack, wherein the first and second passive waveguides are configured to edge couple light from the first passive waveguide into the electro-optically active stack and from the electro-optically active stack into the second passive waveguide; and an evanescent coupling structure, for evanescently coupling light between the SOI layer and the first and second passive waveguides.

Abstract: The wideband multimode co-doped optical fiber has a silica core co-doped with GeO2 and Al2O3. The GeO2 concentration is maximum at the fiber centerline and monotonically decreases radially out to the core radius. The Al2O3 concentration is minimum at the centerline and monotonically increases radially out to maximum concentration at the core radius. The cladding has an inner cladding region of relative refractive index ?2, an intermediate cladding region having a relative refractive index ?3, and an outer cladding region having a relative refractive index ?4, wherein ?3<?2, ?4. The optical fiber has a bandwidth BW?5 GHz·km with a peak wavelength ?P within a wavelength range of 800 nm to 1200 nm and over a wavelength band ?? of at least 100 nm.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing a semiconductor structure are provided. A substrate is provided. A first lithography is performed according to a first layer mask, to form a plurality of first photonic crystals with a first pitch on a first area of a layer above the substrate. A second lithography is performed according to a second layer mask, to form a plurality of second photonic crystals with a second pitch on a second area of the layer. A light is provided to illuminate the first and second photonic crystals. Light reflected by the first and second photonic crystals or transmitted through the first and second photonic crystals is received. The received light is analyzed to detect overlay-shift between the first photonic crystals corresponding to the first layer mask and the second photonic crystals corresponding to the second layer mask.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photo-curable adhesive composition comprising a (meth)acrylate capped aliphatic polyurethane having an average number of ethylenically unsaturated groups less than 1, a mono-functional (meth)acrylate monomer or oligomer and a photoinitiator. The adhesive composition can be used in a method of bonding a substrate to a liquid crystal display. The adhesive composition according to the present invention has improved side curing depth.

Abstract: An optical fiber production method includes: drawing an optical fiber preform in a drawing furnace; and cooling the optical fiber. The optical fiber is passed through a plurality of annealing furnaces while the optical fiber is cooled. While the optical fiber is cooled, temperatures of the annealing furnaces are set such that the temperature difference is within a range between and including an upper limit and a lower limit of a temperature difference between a temperature of the optical fiber and a fictive temperature of glass constituting a core of the optical fiber at which an increase of a transmission loss of the optical fiber when the fictive temperature of the glass is decreased is less than 0.001 dB/km.

Abstract: The optical fiber has an effective area that is greater than or equal to 110 ?m2 and less than or equal to 180 ?m2 at a wavelength of 1550 nm and a cable cut-off wavelength of less than or equal to 1530 nm. An average value of a glass outer diameter in a longitudinal direction is 125±0.5 ?m. When ? is a standard deviation of the glass outer diameter in the longitudinal direction, 3? is greater than or equal to 0.1 ?m and less than or equal to 0.5 ?m.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a radiation source. In one arrangement, the radiation source includes an optical fiber that is hollow, and has an axial direction, a gas that fills the hollow of the optical fiber, and a plurality of temperature setting devices disposed at respective positions along the axial direction of the optical fiber, wherein the temperature setting devices are configured to control the temperature of the gas to locally control the density of the gas.

Abstract: An optical fiber according to an embodiment includes a core having a single-peaked and graded refractive index profile, an inner cladding surrounding the core, and an outer cladding surrounding the inner cladding. The inner and outer claddings have refractive indices lower than the maximum refractive index of the core. A photosensitive region constituted by the core and the inner cladding contains a photosensitive material. The inner cladding has an outer diameter one time or more and two times or less the MFD of an LP01 mode in a 1310-nm wavelength band.

Abstract: Using laser patterning for an optical assembly, optical features are written into photonic elements at the end of a manufacturing sequence in order to prevent errors and damages to the optical features. The optical assembly is manufactured by affixing a photonic element to a substrate which includes one or more optical features and mapping one or more optical features for the photonic element. The optical features are then written into the fixed photonic element using laser patterning and the optical assembly is completed by connecting components, such as optical fibers, to the photonic element.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an air-blown optical fiber unit includes one or more optical fibers, an inner layer substantially completely embedding the one or more optical fibers, and an outer layer radially external to the inner layer. The inner layer has a tensile strength of from 0.1 MPa to 1 MPa, and an elongation at break of from 10% to 80%.

Abstract: An optical waveguide sheet according to the present technology includes a core and a cladding. The core is extending in a first direction and including a maximum diameter portion in a plane parallel to a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and a third direction orthogonal to the second direction is maximum, a minimum diameter portion in the plane parallel to the second direction and the third direction is minimum, and a taper portion in which widths of the core in both directions of the second direction and the third direction gradually change in the first direction between the maximum diameter portion and the minimum diameter portion, the core being provided such that the maximum diameter portion and the minimum diameter portion are alternately arranged in the first direction with the taper portion therebetween. The cladding is provided around the core.

Abstract: Systems and methods for drawing high aspect ratio metallic glass-based materials are provided. Methods of drawing a high aspect ratio metallic glass-based material are premised on stably drawing high aspect ratio metallic glass-based material from a preform metallic glass-based composition, accounting for the relationships between: the desired formation of an amorphous structure that is substantially homogenous along the majority of the length of the drawn high aspect ratio material; the desired final geometry of the drawn high aspect ratio material; the nature of the force that is used to draw the molten metallic glass-based composition; the velocity at which the high aspect ratio material is drawn; the viscosity profile of the material along its length as it is being drawn; and/or the effect of temperature on the metallic glass-based material.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the beam parameter product and/or beam shape of a laser beam is adjusted by coupling the laser beam into an optical fiber of a fiber bundle and directing the laser beam onto one or more in-coupling locations on the input end of the optical fiber. The beam emitted at the output end of the optical fiber may be utilized to process a workpiece.

Abstract: A method and system for affixing multi-core fiber (MCF) within a ferrule includes a UV light source and a light guide. MCFs are placed into epoxy filled holders, e.g., channels or v-grooves, of a ferrule. A first MCF in a first holder is clocked to orient its cores to a desired position. The light source is activated, and the light from the light guide is launched into an outer layer of the first MCF, like the cladding layer or a dedicated light carrying layer. The light in the outer layer will stay in the outer layer until it reaches the portion of the first MCF in contact with the epoxy, even if the light is launched from the far end of the fiber remote from the holder. At the holder, the light will leak out due to the similarity in the index of refraction. The leaking light will at least partially cure the epoxy to affix the first MCF within the first holder. The process may then be repeated for the remaining MCFs, so that each MCF may be clocked and affixed selectively rather than collectively.

Abstract: An optical-fiber measurement system includes an optical system that generates light and a spatial optical switch that is coupled to the optical system that processes the light generated by the optical system and generates light at a plurality of spatially distributed optical ports. A respective one of a plurality of optical cores at a first end of a multicore optical fiber is positioned to receive light from a respective one of the plurality of spatially distributed optical ports, where the light generated at the plurality of spatially distributed optical ports propagates through the multicore optical fiber. Distal optics is positioned adjacent to a second end of the multicore optical fiber and is positioned to collect light from a sample of interest so that the collected light from the sample of interest is coupled to the plurality of optical cores in the multicore optical fiber.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical fiber, in which a coating is provided on a bare optical fiber, includes winding the optical fiber around a bobbin such that a strain relaxation coefficient T?/K is less than or equal to 292, and an one-layer strain ?n is greater than or equal to 0.01.

Abstract: An optical system is provided which may include an optical body, and a plurality of optical devices carried by the optical body. Furthermore, a plurality of optical waveguides may extend within the optical body between respective optical devices and an imaginary curved surface within the optical body, and an optical element may be coupled to the optical body and be optically aligned with the plurality of optical waveguides. A controller may be configured to selectively operate the plurality of optical devices to generate at least one optical beam.

Abstract: A few mode optical fiber that includes an optical core and an optical cladding surrounding the optical core. The FMF has a step-index profile. The optical core has a core outer radius R1?7.5 ?m and a core refractive index difference ?n1 such that 14.5×10?3<?n1<24×10?3. The optical cladding comprises: an index ring with: a ring inner radius Rr1 between 12 ?m and 19 ?m; a ring refractive index difference ?nr such that ?n1/?nr is between 2 and 4; a ring volume Vring=??nr(Rr22?Rr12) between 1.8 ?m2 and 4.1 ?m2 where Rr2 is the ring outer radius; an inner cladding between the optical core and the index ring, with an inner cladding inner radius Ri1 and an inner cladding outer radius Ri2, the inner cladding having an inner cladding refractive index difference ?nclad1 between ?1.0×10?3 and 1.0×10?3.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber bundle having high adhesive strength at an end, and an endoscope using the optical fiber bundle. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing the optical fiber bundle having high adhesive strength at an end. An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical fiber bundle including a bundle of optical transmission elements, each of which includes a fiber including a core made of a first glass and a cladding made of a second glass and covering an outer periphery of the core, and a covering layer covering the outer periphery of the cladding. The covering layer includes an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms and not being fluorine-substituted. The alkyl group is bonded to the cladding via a siloxane bond.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensor includes a first single mode fiber, a second single mode fiber, and a multimode fiber positioned between, and coupled to, the first single mode fiber and the second single mode fiber. The multimode fiber includes a graded-index core with an outer diameter between about 35 ?m and about 45 ?m. A numerical aperture of the core is between about 0.15 and about 0.25. The multimode fiber includes a cladding with an outer diameter between about 70 ?m and about 90 ?m. A coupling strength of an LP01 mode of the first single mode fiber to each of an LP02 mode and an LP03 mode of the multimode fiber is at least about 0.25.

Abstract: A splicing structure of optical fibers in which optical fibers are coupled together, the optical fibers each comprising: a coated fiber portion including a glass fiber and a coating layer coating an outer periphery of the glass fiber; and a bare fiber portion where a certain length of the glass fiber is projected from an end face of the coating layer in an extending direction, wherein the glass fiber end faces of the bare fiber portion are fusion coupled together, and an outer periphery of the bare fiber portion is coated by a recoating layer, the recoating layer is a cured product of an ultraviolet light curable resin composition including a urethane (meth)acrylate oligomer and a mold release agent, and a content of the mold release agent is 0.01 to 1.5% by mass based on a total amount of the ultraviolet light curable resin composition.

Abstract: An optical fiber including a glass core, and a polymer cladding formed around the glass core, the polymer cladding containing a mixture of a polymerizable composition and a silane coupling agent, and a fluorine-based ultraviolet curable resin. The mixture contains 5 to 95 parts by weight of the silane coupling agent based on 100 parts by weight of the total weight of the mixture. The fluorine-based ultraviolet curable resin alone has a refractive index in a range of 1.350 to 1.420 after ultraviolet curing. A component originated from the silane coupling agent is concentrated within a range of 20 ?m or less in the polymer cladding from an interface between the glass core and the polymer cladding.

Abstract: An optical fiber having at least two polymer coatings, the optical fiber comprising: an optical fiber comprising a glass optical core and a glass cladding; a first polymer coating comprising a silicone polymer covering the optical fiber; and a second polymer coating covering the first polymer coating is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates more to mode mixing optical fibers useful, for example in providing optical fiber laser outputs having a desired beam product parameter and beam profile. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a mode mixing optical fiber for delivering optical radiation having a wavelength, the mode mixing optical fiber having an input end, an output end, a centerline and a refractive index profile, the mode mixing optical fiber comprising: an innermost core, the innermost core having a refractive index profile; and a cladding disposed about the innermost core, wherein the mode mixing optical fiber has at least five modes at the wavelength, and wherein the mode mixing optical fiber is configured to distribute a fraction of the light input at its input end from its lower-order modes to its higher-order modes.

Abstract: A portable light source unit for being coupled to an instrument is provided. The unit includes a housing having a port for receiving a light guide end tip of the instrument, a battery and LED mounted within the housing, and a pull tab that extends through the housing and electrically isolates the LED from the battery. Upon removal of the pull tab, an electrical connection is completed between the battery and the LED. The unit also includes driver circuitry for the LED ensuring that a constant level of current is provided to the LED so that the LED produces light of a constant brightness. The driver circuitry also produces a current spike for breaking an inline fuse when a remaining charge of the battery is unable to provide a voltage at the constant level of current above a pre-determined threshold level thereby de-energizing the LED.

Abstract: An apparatus for use with a head wearable display includes a curved eyepiece for guiding display light received at an input surface peripherally located from a viewing region and emitting the display light along an eye-ward direction in the viewing region. The curved eyepiece includes an optical combiner, an eye-ward facing surface that is concave, a world facing surface that is convex, and a curved lightguide disposed between the eye-ward facing and world facing surfaces to guide the display light via total internal reflections from the input surface to the viewing region. The optical combiner is disposed within the curved eyepiece at the viewing region to redirect the display light towards the eye-ward direction. The optical combiner includes a pattern of reflective elements separated by interstitial regions. The interstitial regions pass ambient light incident through the world facing surface such that the viewing region is partially see-through.

Abstract: A higher-order-mode (HOM) fiber of a fiber laser has step index and guidance diameter (GD) defining wavelength-dependent dispersion characteristics and effective areas for corresponding HOMS of optical signal propagation. One HOM has anomalous dispersion and effective area defining a first wavelength and first power of a pulse optical signal for conversion to a second wavelength and second power by soliton self-frequency shifting (SSFS). By controlling step index and GD, the dispersion and effective area of a HOM are adjusted to bring the second wavelength into a desired range, enabling applications requiring non-conventional fiber laser wavelengths. HOMS may share a predetermined group index and group velocity at wavelengths established by a Raman gain peak to effect wavelength conversion by interpulse and intermodal Raman scattering, which may occur in a cascaded fashion to yield multicolor lasers with desired wavelengths, pulse energies and pulse widths.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, apparatus, and systems for providing an optical beam delivery system, comprising an optical fiber including a first length of fiber comprising a first RIP formed to enable, at least in part, modification of one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam by a perturbation assembly arranged to modify the one or more beam characteristics, the perturbation assembly coupled to the first length of fiber or integral with the first length of fiber, or a combination thereof and a second length of fiber coupled to the first length of fiber and having a second RIP formed to preserve at least a portion of the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam modified by the perturbation assembly within one or more first confinement regions.

Abstract: A method of emitting photons at a desired wavelength, including: providing a material having a first region of high absorption of radiation at a first set of wavelength of radiation, contiguous with a second region of low absorption of radiation at a shorter set of wavelengths, and a third region of high emission at a further shorter set of wavelengths; applying energy to the material at the first region, such that most of an effective black body radiation of said material at a temperature of the material would fall within the second region and be configured to transfer energy to said third region and not overlap with the first region; and emitting energy from the material at the third region, powered by said applying energy.