Abstract: Some embodiments of the disclosure relate to an optical transmission system that operates at a wavelength in the range from 950 nm to 1600 nm and that employs a single-mode optical transmitter and an optical receiver optically coupled to respective ends of a multimode fiber designed for 850 nm multimode operation. The optical transmission system also employs at least one single mode fiber situated within the optical pathway between the optical transmitter and the receiver and coupled to the multimode fiber.

Abstract: Roughly described, an integrated optical device includes both a PLC chip and an attached SiPh chip. The PLC chip has a PLC waveguide which terminates at an end facet. The SiPh chip has a SiPh waveguide which includes a Bragg grating which diffracts light from the SiPh waveguide toward the PLC chip. The PLC chip also has a turning mirror to reflect light emitted from the Bragg grating onto the end facet of the PLC waveguide. The Bragg grating is designed to direct light emitted from the Bragg grating into the end facet of the PLC waveguide so that after reflecting off the turning mirror the light focuses within one Rayleigh distance of the end facet of the PLC chip.

Abstract: A light-transmitting element including a main body and a fixing portion. A connection portion is provided between the main body and the fixing portion, so that the main body is spaced apart from the fixing portion by the connection portion. The present utility model also provides a lighting device including the light-transmitting element. According to the light-transmitting element and the lighting device of the present utility model, it can avoid a fixing structure for fixing the light-transmitting element from being observed from outside.

Abstract: A solid-state laser amplifier includes a core material providing an active gain medium. A cladding material is on the core material that is the same material as the core material that further comprises a broadband absorber material. The cladding material suppresses transverse oscillations in solid-state, single-crystal or ceramic laser amplifiers by employing a native-material, solid-state, index-matched cladding containing an appropriate broadband absorber.

Abstract: A fiber sensor includes an optical fiber configured for operation at a wavelength from about 800 nm to about 1600 nm. The optical fiber includes a cladding that is defined by a fiber outer diameter and a core that is surrounded by the cladding. The core of the optical fiber has a Rayleigh scattering coefficient, ?s, that is controlled by controlling a concentration of one or more dopants in the core. The Rayleigh scattering coefficient is tuned to be within a predetermined range of an optimum Rayleigh scattering coefficient for a given total length, L, of the optical fiber. The predetermined range is from about 70% of the optimum ?s to about 130% of the optimum ?s.

Abstract: A feeding tube position confirmation device 102, operable to confirm the position of a predetermined portion of a medical feeding tube in a predetermined portion of a human or animal body, the position confirmation device comprising an optical waveguide 106 dimensioned to be insertable into the lumen of the feeding tube, the optical waveguide having a sensing distal end 108 comprising a distal end material and a sensing material mixed with the distal end material, the sensing material operable to provide a change in optical properties at the distal end 110 of the optical waveguide dependent on the environment to which the sensing distal end 108 of the waveguide is exposed. The sensing material may comprise a reflective material. Methods of manufacture and use of such devices are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and techniques for facilitating transmission of light signals between optical waveguides formed on integrated circuit (IC) devices. In an implementation, one or more first waveguides may be formed in a structure such that at least a portion of the one or more first waveguides are exposed for optical connectivity. The structure may comprise first features to enable the structure to be interlocked with an IC device comprising second features complementary with the first features, so as to align at least a portion of the one or more first waveguides exposed to optically couple with one or more second waveguides formed in the first integrated circuit device.

Abstract: A steel cable includes steel wires and at least one light wave guide which is surrounded by the steel wires and provided for detecting load-dependent cable strains, and has a glass fiber surrounded by a plastic casing. At least the steel wires closest to the light wave guide are crimped with the light wave guide and permanently pressed against the casing surface thereof, whereby the cross-sectional shape of the casing surface of the light wave guide deviates from an unloaded shape, in particular a circular shape, and the light wave guide is clamped continuously along at least one part of the longitudinal extension thereof, in a slip-free manner between the steel wires closest to same. A method produces a steel cable of this type.

Abstract: An electrode includes: a polymer layer including a non-conductive material; a conductive nanomaterial embedded in a top surface of the polymer layer; and a planarization layer on the polymer layer and on the conductive nanomaterial. The planarization layer includes a conductive material and a surfactant.

Abstract: A light-diffusing optical fiber that provides a symmetric intensity distribution of forward and backward scattered light is described. The fiber includes a secondary coating that contains scattering centers. Control of the thickness of the secondary coating and concentration of scattering centers provides control over the distribution of scattered intensity. More symmetric distributions of scattered light intensity are realized by increasing the thickness of the secondary coating and/or the concentration of scattering centers in the secondary coating. Representative scattering centers include oxide nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates more to mode mixing optical fibers useful, for example in providing optical fiber laser outputs having a desired beam product parameter and beam profile. In one aspect, the disclosure provides a mode mixing optical fiber that includes a core having a refractive index profile; and a cladding disposed about the core. The core of the mode mixing optical fiber supports at least two (e.g., at least five) guided modes at the wavelength. The mode mixing optical fiber is configured to substantially distribute optical radiation having the wavelength propagating therein (e.g., input at its input end or generated or amplified within the core) among a plurality of the guided modes (e.g., to distribute a substantial fraction of the optical radiation having the wavelength propagating therein from its lower-order guided modes to its higher-order guided modes).

Abstract: A method of fabricating an acousto-optic waveguide that includes a waveguide cladding surrounding an optical core is disclosed. The method comprises providing a wafer substrate; depositing an initial amount of a first material over an upper surface of the wafer substrate to form a partial cladding layer; depositing a second material over the partial cladding layer to form an optical layer; removing portions of the second material of the optical layer to expose portions of the partial cladding layer and form an optical core comprising the remaining second material; and depositing an additional amount of the first material over the optical core and the exposed portions of the partial cladding layer to form a full cladding layer that surrounds the optical core. A relative concentration of components of the first material is adjusted to provide Brillouin gain spectral position control of the waveguide cladding to tune the acousto-optic waveguide.

Abstract: The present embodiment achieves effective height reduction of an entire optical connection component constituted by a bent optical fiber and a fiber fixing component. The fiber fixing component includes a first portion and a second portion which constitute the holding portion in a state of being arranged in a manner interposing an installation plane in order to hold one of non-bent sections positioned at both ends of a bent portion in a state where the one of non-bent sections is arranged on the installation plane. Total lengths of the first portion and the second portion are different from each other, and effective height reduction of the entire optical connection component can be achieved by arranging the bent portion in a stepped portion formed by the total length difference.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a multi-mode optical fiber having a selected plurality of optical propagating modes. The selected plurality may include only a proper subset of or may include all of the optical propagating modes of the multi-mode optical fiber. Each optical propagating mode of the selected plurality has a group velocity that varies over a corresponding range for light in, at least, one of the optical telecommunications C-band, the optical telecommunications L-band, and the optical telecommunications S-band. The ranges corresponding to different ones of the modes of the selected plurality are non-overlapping. The ranges of a group velocity-adjacent pair of the ranges are separated by a nonzero gap of less than about 10,000 meters per second.

Abstract: An optical fiber made of silica glass includes a core having a maximum refractive index n1, a depressed portion surrounding the core and having an average refractive index n2, and cladding surrounding the depressed portion and having an average refractive index n3. In the optical fiber, n1>n3>n2. The optical fiber has a local maximum value of chromatic dispersion within a wavelength range of 1530 nm to 1610 nm, and the local maximum value is ?2 ps/nm/km or greater and below 0 ps/nm/km.

Abstract: An optical fiber fixing structure includes: a cylindrical member; an optical fiber inserted into a hole of the cylindrical member; and a fixing material configured to fix the cylindrical member and the optical fiber, wherein the optical fiber is a polarization maintaining optical fiber having a polarization axis, and a center of the optical fiber is arranged so as to be eccentric to a center of the hole, and an angle formed by an eccentric direction connecting the center of the hole and the center of the optical fiber and the polarization axis is ?22.5° to 22.5°, or 67.5° to 112.5°.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosure are directed to a bend induced light scattering (BIS) optical fiber and method of making. The BIS optical fiber includes a core of pure silica devoid of nanovoids and a cladding surrounding the core. The core has a first index of refraction and the cladding has a second index of refraction that is lower than the first index of refraction of the core. The first index of refraction of the core and the second index of refraction of the cladding are configured to maintain light within the core when the BIS optical fiber is unbent in a light retaining position and to emit light from the core to the cladding at a bend in the BIS optical fiber when the radius of curvature of the bend is less than a critical radius of curvature and the BIS optical fiber is in a light emitting position.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe photonic integrated circuits on a common substrate including an optical phased array having a plurality of emitters and a plurality of thermal phase shifters in which the thermal phase shifters are thermally isolated from one another through the effect of one or more trenches formed over and/or under and/or around the thermal phase shifters and/or waveguides including same.

Abstract: The invention relates to Cr2+:ZnSe core optical fibers and methods of fabricating thereof, including a hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition reaction. The invention relates also to Cr2+:ZnSe optical fiber lasers, in particular to a crystalline semiconductor optical fiber laser.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a trench in the substrate, the trench having an inclined sidewall, a reflective layer over the inclined sidewall, a grating structure over the substrate, and a waveguide in the trench. The waveguide is configured to guide optical signals between the grating structure and the reflective layer.

Abstract: A single-mode fiber with ultralow attenuation includes a core layer and cladding layers. The cladding layers includes an inner cladding layer surrounding the core layer, a trench cladding layer surrounding the inner cladding layer, an auxiliary outer cladding layer surrounding the trench cladding layer, and an outer cladding layer surrounding the auxiliary cladding layer. The core layer has a radius of 3.9-4.8 ?m and a relative refractive index difference of ?0.08% to 0.10%. The inner cladding layer has a radius of 9-14 ?m and a relative refractive index difference of ?0.40% to ?0.15%. The trench cladding layer has a radius of 13-25 ?m and a refractive index difference of ?0.7% to ?0.3%. The auxiliary outer cladding layer has a radius of 30-50 ?m and a relative refractive index difference of ?0.4% to ?0.15%. The outer cladding layer is a pure silicon dioxide glass layer.

Abstract: Physiologically responsive mechanically adaptive optical fibers that are suitable for optical interfacing with living organisms. The optical fibers are particularly suited for applications in optogenetics. Dry, stiff fibers display a desirable tensile storage modulus and can be readily inserted into biological and in particular cortical tissue. Exposure to conditions encountered in vivo results in reduction, often a drastic reduction in modulus. When coupled with a suitable light source, the construction can be utilized to stimulate neurons in vivo. Methods for producing and utilizing the optical fibers and devices including the optical fibers are disclosed.

Abstract: Coating gold nanorods with silver and then SiO2 enables tuning of the plasmon resonance wavelength and renders them amenable to functionalization for stability in nonpolar solvents.

Abstract: Provided is an optical fiber in which a primary coating layer and a secondary coating layer are formed on an outer circumference of a bare optical fiber including a core and a cladding. A Young's modulus of the primary coating layer is 0.1 to 1.0 MPa, a relationship between lateral rigidity D and flexural rigidity H of the optical fiber as expressed by formulas below satisfies D/H2?3×1017 N?1 m?6, the primary coating layer contains 0.3 to 2.0 wt % of a photoinitiator including phosphorus, and the primary coating layer contains polypropylene glycol having a weight-average molecular weight of 1000 to 5000. The formulas include H = H g + H s = ? ? ? r g 4 ? E g + ? ? ( r s ? 4 - r p 4 ) ? E s ? ? and D = 0.897 ? E p + 2.873 ? ( E s - E p ) ? ( E p E s ) 0.8311 ? ( 2 ? r s - r p r s - r g ) 1.

Abstract: Described are optical fibers and scanning fiber displays comprising optical fibers. The disclosed optical fibers include a plurality of mass adjustment regions, such as gas-filled regions, positioned between a central waveguiding element and an outer periphery for reducing a mass of the optical fiber as compared to an optical fiber lacking the plurality of mass adjustment regions.

Abstract: Single mode optical fibers with a chlorine doped core and a cladding having a fluorine doped trench region are disclosed. The optical fiber includes a chlorine doped silica core having a core alpha ??10, a core radius r1 and maximum refractive index delta ?1max % and a Cl concentration?0.9 wt %. The optical fiber also has a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding having an inner and an outer cladding. The inner cladding has first and second cladding regions. The optical fiber has mode field diameter at 1310 nm of larger than 9 microns, a cable cutoff wavelength of ?1260 nm, a zero dispersion wavelength ?0, where 1300 nm??0?1324 nm, and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.

Abstract: A leakage light removal structure 70 is used to remove leakage light in an optical fiber 140 having a core 160, a cladding 162 having a refractive index lower than the core 160, and a covering material 164 having a refractive index higher than the cladding 162. The leakage light removal structure 70 has a fiber housing 72 that houses part of the optical fiber 140, a covering material extension portion 175 covering part of a whole circumference of the cladding 162 by extending part of the covering material 164 along a longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 140 within the fiber housing 72, and a cladding exposure portion 174 in which a portion of the whole circumference of the cladding 162 other than the covering material extension portion 175 is exposed within the fiber housing 72. The covering material 164 may be covered with a resin 76 having a refractive index not more than the refractive index of the covering material 164.

Abstract: Provided herein are glass based articles comprising SiO2, Al2O3, and two or more metal oxides selected from the group consisting of La2O3, BaO, Ta2O5, Y2O3, and HfO2. The glass based articles typically are characterized by a high fracture toughness (e.g., at least 0.86 MPa*m0.5), a high Young's modulus value (e.g., at least 85 GPa) and/or a stress optical coefficient (SOC) of not more than 3 Brewster (e.g., about 1.3 Brewster to about 2 Brewster). Also provided herein are glass based articles comprising SiO2 and two or more of MxOy, wherein M is Ba, La, Ta, Y, Al or Hf; wherein the total amount of SiO2 is the same or substantially the same as that of a reference glass based article comprising two or more binary compositions of MxOy—SiO2, wherein the reference glass based article has the same molar percentage of each MxOy, and the molar ratio of MxOy to SiO2 in each binary composition is 4/(c*x), wherein c is the number of charges of M.

Abstract: There is provided a display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The display apparatus includes: a quantum dot unit or a quantum dot sheet capable of improving heat dissipation performance. A wire with high heat transfer rate is provided in the quantum dot unit or the quantum dot sheet, and the wire is connected to the bottom chassis of the display apparatus so as to dissipate heat generated in the quantum dot.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip provides an optical medium for light propagation. The semiconductor chip includes a chip surface with an outer perimeter and a cavity in the chip surface. The cavity includes a peripheral wall and a bottom surface surrounded by the peripheral wall, the bottom surface adiabatically couplable to an optical waveguide. The cavity is located at an area of the chip surface spaced from the outer perimeter thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical fiber. The optical fiber includes a core region. The core region is defined by a region around central longitudinal axis of the optical fiber. In addition, the core region has a first annular region. The first annular region is defined from the central longitudinal axis to a first radius r1 from the central longitudinal axis. Moreover, the core region has a second annular region. The second annular region is defined from the first radius r1 to a second radius r2. Further, the core region has a third annular region. The third annular region is defined from the second radius r2 to a third radius r3. Also, the optical fiber includes a cladding. The cladding region has a fourth radius r4.

Abstract: A portable light source unit for being coupled to an instrument is provided. The unit includes a housing having a port for receiving a light guide end tip of the instrument, a battery and LED mounted within the housing, and a pull tab that extends through the housing and electrically isolates the LED from the battery. Upon removal of the pull tab, an electrical connection is completed between the battery and the LED. The unit also includes driver circuitry for the LED ensuring that a constant level of current is provided to the LED so that the LED produces light of a constant brightness. The driver circuitry also produces a current spike for breaking an inline fuse when a remaining charge of the battery is unable to provide a voltage at the constant level of current above a pre-determined threshold level thereby de-energizing the LED.

Abstract: An optical waveguide includes opposed end sections for optical radiation to propagate in a longitudinal direction therebetween and an intermediate section extending between the end sections. The intermediate section includes first and second portions superposed in a superposition direction. One of the opposite end sections has a first height in the superposition direction corresponding to the sum of the heights of the superposed portions of the intermediate section. The other of the opposite end sections has a second height in the superposition direction corresponding to the height of the first of the superposed portions of the intermediate section.

Abstract: One or more spectrally encoded endoscopy (SEE) devices, systems, methods and storage mediums for characterizing, examining and/or diagnosing, and/or measuring viscosity of, a sample or object using speckle detection are provided. Examples of such applications include imaging, evaluating and diagnosing biological objects, such as, but not limited to, for Gastro-intestinal, cardio and/or ophthalmic applications, and being obtained via one or more optical instruments. Preferably, the SEE devices, systems methods and storage mediums include or involve speckle intensity autocorrelation function(s). One or more embodiments involve a serial time-encoded 2D imaging system with speckle detection to reconstruct images, store reconstructed images of the sample or object, and/or measure viscosity of the sample or object.

Abstract: Integrated target waveguide devices and optical analytical systems comprising such devices are provided. The target devices include an optical coupler that is optically coupled to an integrated waveguide and that is configured to receive optical input from an optical source through free space, particularly through a low numerical aperture interface. The devices and systems are useful in the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, including biochemical reactions, such as nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The devices provide for the efficient and reliable coupling of optical excitation energy from an optical source to the optical reactions. Optical signals emitted from the reactions can thus be measured with high sensitivity and discrimination. The devices and systems are well suited for miniaturization and high throughput.

Abstract: A few-mode optical fiber is provided. The few-mode optical fiber includes an elliptical core capable of supporting the propagation and transmission of an optical signal with X number of LP modes at a wavelength of 1550 nm, wherein X is an integer greater than 1 and less than 20, and a cladding surrounding the core. The core has an ovality of greater than about 5.0%.

Abstract: Method for adapting a fiber beam combiner to transmit at least 20 kW of optical power without noticeable bulk material damage mechanism effect and destructive nonlinearities, the method comprising: connecting an adiabatic beam combiner with a splice connection to an input facet of a graded index fiber which has a core doped with an index increasing material, further comprising the step(s) of: restricting the numerical aperture of the graded index fiber, and/or selecting the index increasing material with a Raman gain lower than that of GeO2 such as Al2O3 or Y2O3, and/or placing a shroud tube around the graded index fiber core, said shroud tube comprising a fluorine-doped silica tube.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed relate to a stretchable packaging system. The system includes a first electronic component. The first electronic component includes a first optical emitter. The system further includes a second electronic component. The second electronic component includes a first receiver. An optical interconnect including a first elastomer having a first refractive index connects the first optical emitter to the first receiver. An encapsulate layer including a second elastomer having a second refractive index at least partially encapsulates the first electronic component, the second electronic component, and the optical interconnect.

Abstract: A highly packed, low bend loss optical cable is provided. The cable includes an outer cable jacket and a plurality of buffer tubes surrounded by the cable jacket. Each buffer tube includes an inner surface defining a channel having a diameter, D1, and an outer surface facing an inner surface of the cable jacket. The cable includes a plural number, N, of optical fibers, located within the channel of each buffer tube and surrounded by the inner surface of the buffer tube. Each optical fiber has an outer diameter, D2. The N optical fibers are densely packed within each buffer tube such that a diameter ratio parameter, ?, is defined as the ratio D1/ D2, and is 2.25+0.143(N)???1.14+0.313(N).

Abstract: In one aspect the invention provides a graded refractive index single crystal waveguide having a glass block containing at least one crystal core, the crystal core having a central portion extending along an axis from a first end to a second end; an interface defining a peripheral boundary of the crystal core at a junction of the crystal core and an adjacent portion of the glass block, and a continuous, radially symmetric misorientation transverse to the central portion; wherein the misorientation has a misorientation angle that increases with increasing distance from the central portion towards the interface.

Abstract: An optical fiber with low attenuation is provided. The fiber is produced under conditions that reduce fictive temperature. Processing includes maintaining the fiber at temperatures at or near the glass transition temperature (Tg) for an extended period of time. For silica-based fibers, the preferred temperatures are temperatures between 1000° C. and 1700° C. The extended residence times are achieved in a continuous fiber manufacturing process by increasing the path length of the fiber through a processing region maintained at temperatures between 1000° C. and 1700° C. The increased path length is achieved by including one or more fluid bearing devices in the processing region. The extended residence time in the processing region allows the structure of the glass fiber to relax more completely and to more closely approach the equilibrium state. The more relaxed glass structure leads to a lower fictive temperature and provides fibers with lower attenuation.

Abstract: Embodiments of an optical assembly and methods of making it are provided. The optical assembly includes a first waveguide, a second waveguide, and an optical adhesive for transmitting optical signals between the first waveguide and the second waveguide. The adhesive includes about 20% to about 60% by volume of first monomers. The first monomers have at least two acrylate or methacrylate groups. The optical adhesive also includes about 40% to about 80% by volume of second monomers. The second monomers have at least one fluorine atom and at least one acrylate or methacrylate group. The optical adhesive has a refractive index of from about 1.40 to about 1.55, and in the temperature range of about 10° C. to about 85° C., the refractive index of the optical adhesive has a thermal drift dn/dT of less than the absolute magnitude of |4×10?4/° C.| and the sign of that value is negative.

Abstract: An optical coupling system includes a tapered coupling element having a first end opposite a second end, a core having a core diameter that is larger at the first end than at the second end, and a cladding layer that is coupled to and circumscribes the core. An optical pathway is disposed within the core and that extends between the first end and the second end. The tapered coupling element is tapered from the first end to the second end such that the core diameter adiabatically transitions a light beam traveling along the optical pathway from a first beam size at the first end to a second beam size at the second end.

Abstract: The present application provides methods of determining bandwidth demands and allocating bandwidth for a network including a plurality of groups of sub-networks. Each subnetwork includes a plurality of server racks and an aggregation switch node configured to control the flow of traffic to and from the plurality of server racks in the subnetwork. The aggregation switch nodes in the network are optically coupled to one another via at least one switch controlled by a switch controller. Each group of subnetworks of the plurality of groups of subnetworks also includes a group controller in communication with each of the aggregation switch nodes in the group. The group controllers are communicatively coupled to one another. The interaction between the aggregation switch nodes, the group controllers and the switch controllers enable distributed and dynamic control of switching between the subnetworks.

Abstract: The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a small optical integrator for increasing color mixing property and homogeneity. An optical integrator is provided with a light entrance surface and exit surface (002, 003), and side surfaces (004, 005, 006, 007) that connect the entrance surface and the exit surface, and is internally filled with a light guide material having a refractive index. The light guide material contains scattering particles for scattering light that have a refractive index different from the refractive index of the light guide material. The light that has entered via the entrance surface propagates from the entrance surface side toward the exit surface while being scattered by the scattering particles in the light guide material, wherein part of the scattered light is guided to the exit surface by propagating while being confined, by internal reflection on the side surfaces, in the light detector.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods, apparatus, and systems for providing an optical beam delivery system, comprising an optical fiber including a first length of fiber comprising a first RIP formed to enable, at least in part, modification of one or more beam characteristics of an optical beam by a perturbation assembly arranged to modify the one or more beam characteristics, the perturbation assembly coupled to the first length of fiber or integral with the first length of fiber, or a combination thereof and a second length of fiber coupled to the first length of fiber and having a second RIP formed to preserve at least a portion of the one or more beam characteristics of the optical beam modified by the perturbation assembly within one or more first confinement regions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a black matrix, a flat panel display device including the black matrix and a method for producing the same. The black matrix is arranged on a surface of a substrate located in a first plane, the black matrix including: a light absorption layer, a microstructure layer and a light reflection layer, the absorption layer being formed between the microstructure layer and the surface of the substrate, and the light reflection layer being arranged on a face of the microstructure layer facing away from the absorption layer. The microstructure layer is configured such that a light incident on the light reflection layer in a direction perpendicular to the first plane is emitted out obliquely with respect to the first plane after the light is reflected by the light reflection layer. The absorption layer may be formed at a side of the microstructure layer, or on the substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical fiber which includes a core including silica with a core diameter and having at least two dopants, a maximum relative refractive index delta of at least 0.7% and an alpha value in the range of 1.9-2.2. The core has a refractive index profile configured to transmit light in a multimode propagation at a first wavelength ?1 in the range of 800-1100 nm and to propagate light in a LP01 mode at a second wavelength ?2. The second wavelength ?2 is greater than 1200 nm. The optical fiber is structured to have a LP01 mode field diameter in the range of 8.5-12.5 ?m at 1310 nm.

Abstract: Disclosed are structures and methods for a monolithic silicon (Si) coherent transceiver with integrated laser and gain elements wherein an InP chip is bonded to the Si chip in a recess formed in that Si chip.

Abstract: The present application discloses a double-clad crystal fiber which includes a Yb-doped CALGO core region, a pump cladding region configured to have the core region positioned therein, and a second cladding region configured to have the core region and pump cladding region positioned therein.