Abstract: A device for delivery of material or stimulus to targets within a body to produce a desired response, the targets being at least one of cells of interest, cell organelles of interest and cell nuclei of interest. The device includes a number of projections for penetrating a body surface, with the number of projections being selected to produce a desired response, and the number being at least 500. A spacing between projections is also at least partially determined based on an arrangement of the targets within the body.

Abstract: Systems and methods for detecting corrosion in pipes are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, an apparatus for detecting corrosion in an object includes an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) having a ferromagnetic core and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged peripherally around the ferromagnetic core. The permanent magnets are arranged to produce a magnetic field through the ferromagnetic core. The apparatus also includes a coil between the ferromagnetic core and the object.

Abstract: An optical density measuring apparatus and an optical waveguide capable of increasing the degree of design freedom are provided. The optical density measuring apparatus is for measuring density of a gas or a liquid to be measured and includes a light source capable of irradiating light into a core layer, a detector capable of receiving light propagated through the core layer, and an optical waveguide. The optical waveguide includes a substrate and the core layer, which includes a diffraction grating unit and a light propagation unit capable of propagating light in an extending direction of the light propagation unit. The diffraction grating unit and a portion of the core layer are separated in the thickness direction of the optical waveguide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated frequency referencing system. The integrated frequency referencing control system comprises inter alia a substrate and an optical pathway being integrated on the substrate and being configured and operable to enable propagation for light signals. The optical pathway comprises an electro-optic modulator structure being configured and operable to impart a unique identification modulation to at least one input optical signal emitted by the light source, at least one optical dielectric waveguide being configured and operable to enable confinement and propagation of the at least one input modulated optical signal therethrough, and an atomic vapor cell accommodating atoms or molecules providing at least one atomic or molecular transition.

Abstract: A frequency modulation demodulator based on fiber grating sensor array comprises: a laser, radio frequency signal source, acousto-optic modulator, delay fiber pair, Mach-Zehnder modulator, optical filter, optical amplifier, optical isolator, circulator, fiber grating sensor array, photodetector and data acquisition card. By the cooperation of delay fiber pair and the fiber grating, the reflected optical pulses of the two gratings (the front grating and the back grating) are overlapped in the time domain to form interference, and thereby achieving multi-point array interference demodulation.

Abstract: An apparatus can be provided according to certain exemplary embodiments. For example, the apparatus can include a waveguiding first arrangement providing at least one electromagnetic radiation. A configuration can be provided that receives and splits the at least one electromagnetic radiation into a first radiation and a second radiation. The apparatus can further include a waveguiding second arrangement which has a first waveguide and a second waveguide, whereas the first waveguide receives the first radiation, and the second waveguide receives the second radiation. The first arrangement, the second arrangement and the configuration can be housed in a probe.

Abstract: A data telemetry system and method digitizes acoustic sensor data. Acoustic sensor data is digitized and used to apply strain to a series of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) in a fiber. Each FBG is assigned a nominal wavelength. A wavelength interrogator launches wavelengths into the fiber and scans the reflected wavelengths from the FBGs. A data telemetry rate of at least 5 kHz may be achieved. Acoustic sensors may be part of undersea acoustic sensing arrays with large element counts having reduced system cabling and improved Size, Weight and Power (SWaP). The system and method realizes low power loss per array element and efficient multiplexing of many data streams in a small form factor.

Abstract: One example coherent optical time domain reflectometer device includes a coherent light source that produces coherent probe light pulses at an optical wavelength; an optical coupling unit coupled to f a fiber link under test to direct the coherent probe light pulses into the fiber link and to receive reflected probe light pulses from the fiber link; an optical detection unit to receive the reflected probe light pulses and structured to include an optical interferometer to process the reflected probe light pulses along two different optical paths to generate different optical output signals from the reflected probe light pulses along different optical paths, and optical detectors to receive the optical output signals from the optical interferometer; and a device controller coupled to the optical detection unit to extract information on spatial distribution of acoustic—or vibration—or strain-dependent characteristics as a function of distance along the fiber link under test.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for measuring an optical sensor system comprising an array of intrinsic fiber optic sensors at an interrogator comprising an optical source and an optical detector. The method comprises the steps of emitting an optical signal to an array of intrinsic fiber optic sensors; detecting optical responses to the emitted signal from the sensors; associating each detected optical response with an individual sensor by determining within which region among a plurality of detection regions assigned to the individual sensors the optical response is detected wherein each detection region corresponds to a wavelength range in the bandwidth of the optical sensor system; and performing signal processing on each optical response to measure the value of the physical parameter detected by its associated sensor. A calibration of the detection region assigned to each sensor is performed at predetermined intervals.

Abstract: A shape sensor employs light guide technology to determine curvature of a flexible substrate to which the shape sensor is applied. The shape sensor includes a flexible two-dimensional lattice of first light guides that extend in a first direction and second light guides that extend in a second direction that intersects with the first direction. The light guides include a core having a refractive index that is greater than a refractive index of a cladding material in which the light guides are embedded, and intersect at intersecting core regions at which crosstalk of light travel occurs between the first light guides and the second light guides. A controller transmits excitation control signals to light sources of the light guides and reads output signals from photodetectors. The controller further determines a curvature of the shape sensor based on the output signals read from the photodetectors.

Abstract: In order to carry out the polarimetric detection of a measurand, light of two polarization states is passed through a sensing element, where the two states suffer a differential phase shift depending on the value of the measurand. In order to compensate for only imperfections of the device, a method is proposed that is based on calibration values obtained in a low-value regime of the measurand only. Yet the method can still be used for accurately determining higher values of the measurand.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatus for photonic crystals logic devices are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, a disclosed method for an optical logic device comprises radiating, by at least one source, at least one signal. The method further comprises reflecting at least one signal off of at least one photonic crystal, when at least one photonic crystal senses a physical phenomena of a threshold strength. Also, the method comprises not reflecting at least one signal off of at least one photonic crystal, when at least one photonic crystal does not sense the physical phenomena of the threshold strength. Further, the method comprises detecting or not detecting, by at least one detector, at least one signal.

Abstract: A system detects an analyte suspected of being present in a sample. The reader reads an optical tag on a substrate, which is configured to immobilize the tag on a substrate surface. The optical tag is bound to a probe and includes a plurality of pores that create an effective index of refraction. The plurality of pores and a thickness of the tag are selected for a reflectance property. The substrate is configured to contact a sample suspected of comprising an analyte. The probe is capable of binding specifically to the analyte. The reader is configured to expose the tag to light to generate a sample spectral signature that is a function of the effective index of refraction, the thickness of the optical tag, and whether the analyte is coupled to the probe. The sample spectral signature is compared to a reference to detect the analyte in the sample.

Abstract: A lens alignment system and method is disclosed. The disclosed system/method integrates one or more lens retaining members/tubes (LRM/LRT) and focal length spacers (FLS) each comprising a metallic material product (MMP) specifically manufactured to have a thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) in a predetermined range via selection of the individual MMP materials and an associated MMP manufacturing process providing for controlled TEC. This controlled LRM/LRT TEC enables a plurality of optical lenses (POL) fixed along a common optical axis (COA) by the LRM/LRT to maintain precise interspatial alignment characteristics that ensure consistent and/or controlled series focal length (SFL) within the POL to generate a thermally neutral optical system (TNOS). Integration of the POL using this LRM/LRT/FLS lens alignment system reduces the overall TNOS implementation cost, reduces the overall TNOS mass, reduces TNOS parts component count, and increases the reliability of the overall optical system.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensor extends coaxially with a controllable heater to provide high-resolution axial measurement of thermal properties such as thermal convection of the surrounding, Heat removal by either conduction or convection may be used to deduce material height in a tank, or velocity of flow when coupled with localized heating, or other aspects of the material based on thermal conductivity.

Abstract: Strain sensing compositions including a polymeric matrix material and a mechanophore component distributed throughout the polymeric material and covalently bonded to the polymeric material are provided. The mechanophore component undergoes a visible color change and the strain sensing composition exhibits a continuous three-dimensional (3D) spatial strain distribution including at least one color gradient upon direct or indirect impact by an object. Methods of forming strain sensing compositions are also provided. Methods of evaluating a strain distribution associated with an impact of a surrogate material comprising a mechanophore component are also provided.

Abstract: A fiber-optic sensors for measuring deformation, intended to operate in a harsh environment is provided. The sensor comprises a Fabry-Perot-cavity-based optical measurement head, a linking optical fiber and an expansion reserve case, the case comprising a segment of the linking optical fiber. The inside thickness of the case is comprised between one and several millimeters, the case being flat and of shape referred to as bicorne shape, the shape comprising a convex central portion and two concave symmetric ends, the optical fiber forming, inside the bicorne, one and only one arch, the segment of the optical fiber being, in addition, tangent to the internal surfaces of the reserve case, whatever the temperature conditions.

Abstract: A carrier system may be used to position a wireline tool within a wellbore. The system includes a wireline tool carrier disposed on the end of a coiled tubing string. The wireline carrier tool includes a tubular member and stabilizers which secure the wireline tool within an internal passageway of the tubular member. The internal passageway defines a fluid flow path which facilitates fluid communication between the coiled tubing string and any device or wellbore portion below the wireline tool carrier. As the system is advanced within the wellbore fluid is conveyed around the wireline tool through the fluid flow path to remove obstructions that would otherwise inhibit the placement of the wireline tool within a deviated wellbore. Fluid conveyed through the system and around the wireline tool may also be used to perform various well stimulation and intervention functions.

Abstract: A receiver (1) for a phased array antenna comprises a laser light source (2) arranged to provide an optical spectrum comprising a first spectral component having a first wavelength and a second spectral component having a second wavelength. The first wavelength is spaced from the second wavelength. A wavelength separator (4) is configured to separate the first spectral component from the second spectral component, such that the first spectral component is directed onto a first path (A) and the second spectral component is directed onto a second path (B). A first delay unit (16) is configured to add a controllable time delay to the first spectral component on the first path. A second delay unit (42) is configured to add the time delay to the second spectral component on the second path. A modulator (14) is configured to modulate the first spectral component on the first path with a received RF signal from the phased array antenna.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for determining the refractive index of a downhole fluid. Two unalike crystals are provided having faces in contact with fluid in the fluid flow line of a borehole tool. The crystals are chosen to have different refractive indices and/or different angles of incidence, but to provide total internal reflection for light that is directed through the crystals to the crystal/fluid interface. The measured attenuations for each crystal are used in conjunction with the known refractive indices and angles of incidence of said crystals to determine the refractive index of the fluid.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards a method and system for optically-based monitoring of chemicals of potential concern (COPCs), including mercury (Hg), methyl mercury (MeHg), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). It employs a multi-parameter statistical analysis model, such as partial least square regression (PLS regression), to identify combinations of predictors (e.g., optical, water quality, and physical properties) that have large covariance with the response values. The predictive model is validated against analytic samples from laboratories. The steps in the method are repeated until predictors, or parameters are selected that avoid over-fitting and which yield physically-based results.

Abstract: A clearance measurement device is a device for measuring a clearance between an inner peripheral surface of a casing and an outer peripheral surface of a rotary body. This device: emits light having a first wavelength and a second wavelength, respectively, towards the outer peripheral surface of the rotary body; receives the light reflected from the outer peripheral surface via a first filter having a transmission band corresponding to the first wavelength and via a second filter having a transmission band corresponding to the second wavelength; and measures the clearance based on a time difference of the moment to detect the rotary body.

Abstract: A high backscattering optical fiber comprising a perturbed segment in which the perturbed segment reflects a relative power such that the optical fiber has an effective index of neff, a numerical aperture of NA, a scatter of Rp?r(fiber), a total transmission loss of ?fiber, an in-band range greater than one nanometer (1 nm), a center wavelength (?0) of the in-band range (wherein 950 nm<?0<1700 nm), and a figure of merit (FOM) in the in-band range. The FOM>1, with the FOM being defined as: FOM = R p ? r ( fiber ) ? fiber ? ( NA 2 ? n eff ) 2 .

Abstract: An improved optical fiber distributed acoustic sensor system uses an optical fiber having reflector portions distributed along its length in at least a first portion. The reflector portions are positioned along the fiber separated by a distance that is equivalent to twice the distance an optical pulse travels along the fiber in a single sampling period of the data acquisition opto-electronics within the sensor system. No oversampling of the reflections of the optical pulses from the reflector portions is undertaken. The sampling points for data acquisition in the sensor system are aligned with the reflections that arrive at the sensor system from along the sensing fiber. Adaptive delay componentry adaptively aligns the reflected optical signals (or their electrical analogues) with the sampling points. Control over the sampling points can re-synchronise the sampling points with the returning reflections. Reflection equalisation componentry may reduce the dynamic range of the returning reflections.

Abstract: Light detectors that combine field emission with light focusing by surface plasmon polaritons. Methods and devices that allow detection and measurement of light at high frequencies in the THz range are described. The disclosed devices include plasmonic metal contacts with a narrow nanometer-sized gap to couple an optical waveguide mode into a plasmonic mode thereby generating filed emission currents by biasing the contacts.

Abstract: A device for optically exciting fluorescence is disclosed. The device comprises transparent substrate having first and second opposite faces and a multilayer stack disposed on the second face of the substrate. The multilayer stack comprises a first layer having first and second opposite faces and a first refractive index and a second layer having first and second opposite faces and a second refractive index. The first face of the first layer is disposed on the second face of the substrate. The first face of the second layer is disposed on the second face of the first layer such that the first layer is interposed between the second layer and the substrate. The substrate has a third refractive index. The first refractive index is less than the second refractive index and the third refractive index. The device comprises a light source carried by the first face of the substrate and arranged to emit light towards the first face of the first layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a stretchable fiber optic sensor that can measure tension, bending, and torsion direction of an object. The fiber optic sensor includes an optical fiber with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) embedded in a sinusoidal configuration at an off-center position of a deformable substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to in vivo collection of circulating molecules, tumor cells and other biological markers using a collecting probe. The probe is configured for placement within a living organism for an extended period of time to provide sufficient yield of biological marker for analysis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reusable optical fiber aptasensor using a photo-thermal effect, and more particularly, to a reusable optical fiber aptasensor using white light and a laser. The aptasensor includes a light emitting unit for selectively emitting one of white light and a laser, a sensor unit including a plurality of aptamers, a plurality of gold nanorods, and a silver mirror, a detector for analyzing a wavelength of inputted light, and an optical fiber for connecting the light emitting unit with the sensor unit, and connecting the detector with the sensor unit, wherein the light emitted from the light emitting unit is totally reflected in the optical fiber and irradiated to the sensor unit, and light reflected from the silver mirror of the sensor unit is irradiated to the detector. Accordingly, the aptasensor easily measures concentration of a target material in a sample using the optical fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical cable comprising a support; flexible protective tubes helically wound around the support, each flexible protective tube comprising an optical fiber comprising an optical core; a cladding disposed on the core; and a primary coating external to the cladding; and a deformable material surrounding the optical fiber; an outer jacket surrounding the flexible protective tubes; wherein each optical fiber is about 0.5% to about 1.

Abstract: An ODMR member is arranged in a measurement target AC magnetic field. A coil applies a magnetic field of a microwave to the ODMR member. A high frequency power supply causes the coil to conduct a current of the microwave. An irradiating device irradiates the ODMR member with light. A light receiving device detects light that the ODMR member emits. A measurement control unit performs a predetermined DC magnetic field measurement sequence at a predetermined phase of the measurement target AC magnetic field, and in the DC magnetic field measurement sequence, controls the high frequency power supply and the irradiating device and thereby determines a detection light intensity of the light detected by the light receiving device. A magnetic field calculation unit calculates an intensity of the measurement target AC magnetic field on the basis of the predetermined phase and the detection light intensity.

Abstract: A method for determining a curvature and/or torsion of an optical waveguide of a fibre-optic sensor, comprising at least two Bragg gratings introduced into the optical waveguide and extending through a common cross-sectional plane, situated in a radial direction, through the optical waveguide, wherein the Bragg gratings are introduced in the core and/or on the boundary between the core and the cladding and/or in an inner edge region of the cladding within an evanescence region of the light, the method comprising: providing reference data of intensities of reflected light portions of light coupled into the optical waveguide, in particular depending on known reference deformations of the optical waveguide, measuring at least one light intensity of reflected light portions of light coupled into the optical waveguide, wherein the optical waveguide has a deformation to be determined, and determining the deformation by comparing the light intensity with the reference data.

Abstract: Distributed The disclosed embodiments include distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems, methods to improve DAS properties of optical fibers, and optical fibers having improved DAS properties. In one embodiment, the system includes an optoelectronic device operable to generate optical pulses. The system also includes an optical fiber having a first end and a second end. The optical fiber is formed from a material having a Rayleigh back-scattering coefficient, and is operable to transmit optical pulses from the first end towards the second end and to reflect a first portion of the optical pulses towards the first end. The system further includes perturbations that are selectively imprinted on the optical fiber, where the perturbations are compatible with a range of wavelengths and are operable to reflect a second portion of the optical pulses towards the first end of the optical fiber if a wavelength of the optical pulses is within the range.

Abstract: A thickness measuring apparatus including a thickness measuring unit for measuring the thickness of a plate-shaped workpiece. The thickness measuring unit includes a white light source for emitting white light, a dispersing mechanism for producing time differences corresponding to wavelengths of light components of the white light to thereby generate spectral light, a two-dimensional image sensor having a photodetecting area for detecting the return light, the photodetecting area including a plurality of pixels, a storing section for storing the intensity of the return light detected by the plural pixels according to wavelength with time difference, a waveform table previously storing a plurality of kinds of sample spectral interference waveforms respectively corresponding to different thicknesses of the workpiece, and a thickness deciding section for deciding the thickness at an X-Y coordinate position in a two-dimensional area of the workpiece.

Abstract: Characteristics of polarizable particles in a fluid are detected using an optical cavity comprising opposed optical reflectors containing the fluid. A particle is introduced through the fluid into the optical cavity. The particle may be transiently in the cavity or optically trapped. The optical cavity containing the particle is illuminated with light that excites resonance of an optical mode of the optical cavity that is affected by the particle. A measurement of a parameter of the excited resonance is derived, for example while tuning through the resonance. Repeated measurements may be used to derive a measure of a characteristic of the particle that is dependent on the motion of the particle in the optical cavity.

Abstract: Fronthaul monitoring systems and methods include a performing protocol testing, via a protocol layer acquisition module, of a protocol layer signal for analysis thereof to identify issues; performing optical physical layer monitoring via an optical physical layer acquisition module to identify optical physical layer issues; and configuring an optical switch to switch an input port connected to the protocol layer acquisition module and the optical physical layer acquisition module over different links of the plurality of links wherein a test coordinator software module is configured to manage the optical switch to coordinate the optical protocol layer analysis of a link and the optical physical layer testing of the link.

Abstract: A pupil-replicating waveguide suitable for operation with a coherent light source is disclosed. A waveguide body has opposed surfaces for guiding a beam of image light. An out-coupling element is disposed in an optical path of the beam for out-coupling portions of the beam at a plurality of spaced apart locations along the optical path. Electrodes are coupled to at least a portion of the waveguide body for modulating an optical path length of the optical path of the beam to create time-varying phase delays between the portions of the beam out-coupled by the out-coupling element.

Abstract: A multi-core fiber includes multiple optical cores, and for each different core of a set of different cores of the multiple optical cores, a total change in optical length is detected. The total change in optical length represents an accumulation of all changes in optical length for multiple segments of that different core up to a point on the multi-core fiber. A difference is determined between the total changes in optical length for cores of the set of different cores. A twist parameter and/or a bend angle associated with the multi-core fiber at the point on the multi-core fiber is/are determined based on the difference.

Abstract: A probe device is configured to insert optical fiber probes directly into a v-groove coupler on an optical integrated circuit (IC) device. The probe device may include a probe holder comprising with a slot. A fiber holder may insert into the slot. The fiber holder may comprise a body with a first portion and second portion disposed at an angle relative to one another so that the first portion is shorter than the second portion. The body may have a bottom with grooves disposed therein, the grooves having dimensions to receive part of an optical fiber probes therein. In use, the fiber holder can arrange the optical fiber probes to extend into the v-grooves of the v-groove coupler of an optical IC on a wafer. The device may incorporate an alignment mechanism that permits the fiber holder to move or “self-align” in response to contact between the optical fiber probes and structure of the v-groove coupler of an optical IC on a wafer.

Abstract: An optical-based system for sensing parameters of a structure or machine for monitoring the health of the structure or machine. The optical-based system includes a set of optical fibers, each optical fiber including a set of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors for sensing a set of parameters of the object; a set of interrogators configured to generate a set of incident optical signals for transmission via the set of optical fibers, respectively, receive a set of reflected optical signals from each of the optical fibers of the set, and generate a set of data related to sensed parameters of the object based on the set of reflected optical signals; and a controller configured to control the set of interrogators. Via a user interface or a remote computer on a cloud, sensing instructions may be provided to the controller, and sensed data and other information may be received from the controller.

Abstract: A radio-opaque plastic scintillator detector (PSD) for use in various medical applications and methods of making and using the PSD. The method requires coating a plastic scintillator fiber with a radio-opaque material; cutting the scintillator fiber; stripping the end of a plastic fiber optic fiber; cutting the naked end of a plastic fiber optic fiber; inserting a closely fitting guide tube over the naked end and inserting the cut scintillating fiber into the guide tube; coating the detector end of the cable with a light opaque polymer or jacket and adding a connector to the other end.

Abstract: Provided is an optical waveguide with an inscribed Bragg grating, where the Bragg grating is stable at high temperature, has low scattering loss and high reflectivity. Also provided is a method for inscribing a Bragg grating in an optical waveguide, the method comprising irradiating the optical waveguide with electromagnetic radiation from an ultrashort pulse duration laser of sufficient intensity to cause a permanent change in an index of refraction within a core of the optical waveguide, where the irradiating step is terminated prior to erasure of a Bragg resonance, and heating the optical waveguide to a temperature and for a duration sufficient to substantially remove a non-permanent grating formed in the optical waveguide by the irradiating step.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes an optical apparatus configured to optically process laser light to produce illumination light such that speckle noise in the illumination light is reduced. The optical apparatus includes at least one collimator (130) configured to collimate the laser light and a diffuser (140) configured to diffuse the laser light.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to control the acoustic properties of optical cables used as in-well oil and gas probes for acoustic monitoring, such as distributed acoustic sensing (DAS). One example aspect provides a solid path for the acoustic wave to propagate from an outside armor layer of the cable to the sensing optical waveguide embedded therein. Another example aspect offers ways to spatially dispose the optical sensing elements to create response delays indicative of the propagation speed and/or direction of an acoustic wave. Yet another example aspect provides ways to utilize additional spectral interrogation to increase ultimate spatial resolution. Yet another example aspect provides ways to locally vary the acoustic properties along the length of the cable.

Abstract: Distributed optical fibre sensor measures vibration, as a concurrent function of position along each of a plurality of sensing optical fibres, from properties of probe light backscattered within the sensing optical fibres. The sensor includes a light-pulse-generating probe light source, a detector, an optical switch. The sensor is arranged to control the optical switch such that all of the sensing optical fibres can be used concurrently to detect acoustic vibration, and an analyser is arranged to determine vibration, as a concurrent function of position along each of the sensing optical fibres, from the detected backscattered probe light.

Abstract: A scour monitoring system may provide a housing that is separated into multiple segments that are fluidically isolated from each other. The scour monitoring system may be position adjacent to a structure to be monitored for bridge scouring. Each of the segments may provide a water-swellable material positioned near or in contact with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) cable. If water penetrates a segment, the water-swellable material may expand to deform the FBG cable. The wavelength of the FBG cable may be monitored periodically for changes, thereby providing moisture detection when a change in wavelength is detected.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for controlling a laser light propagation direction, including: a substrate configured to transmit at least a wavelength range of a laser light incident on the apparatus and deflected; and a metasurface disposed on the substrate, and comprising a plurality of nano-antennas, wherein each of the plurality of nano-antennas may include: a first contact and a second contact that are disposed apart from each other, and comprise an electrically conductive material to transmit at least the wavelength range of the laser light; and a semiconductor p-i-n heterostructure that disposed between the first contact and the second contact and comprises a p-region, an i-region and an n-region, which are disposed in parallel to the substrate.

Abstract: A molecularly imprinted polymer sensor for sensing a target molecule includes (a) a porous polymer film that is molecularly imprinted with a homolog of the target molecule and includes a conductive polymer having resistance sensitive to binding with the target molecule and a structural polymer providing porosity to the polymer film, and (b) interdigitated electrodes, located on a surface of the polymer film, for measuring a change in the resistance to sense said binding.

Abstract: Many monitoring systems, including distributed fiber optic sensing systems, are deployed to measure temperature, strain, acoustic, pressure, and electromagnetic data in a multi-well hydrocarbon field. By coupling disparate fiber optic cables together for strain sensing, a tubular cable is created that can be spooled and deployed as a single unit while allowing for multi-parameter sensing. Multiple tubular cables can measure and transmit sensing data from wellbores and geological formations. The data can be used to continually update a reservoir model and optimize production efficiency while also managing and mitigating subsidence by controlling injection and production rates.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring a sample property (X) by means of photonic circuit (10). The photonic circuit (10) comprises at least two photonic sensors (11, 12) configured to modulate the light according to respective output signals (S1,S2) with periodically recurring signal values (V1, V2). The photonic sensors (11, 12) comprise a low range sensor (11) with a relatively low range or high sensitivity for measuring a change (?X) of the sample property (X) and a high range sensor (12) with a relatively high range or low sensitivity to measure the change (?X) of the sample property (X). The sample property (X) is calculated by combining the output signals (S1, S2) of the sensors (11, 12). Particularly, the second output signal (S2) of the high range sensor (12) is used to distinguish between recurring signal values (V1) in the first output signal (S1) of the low range sensor (11).