Abstract: A method of well treatment may include: providing a polymer; correlating performance of the polymer to a least one physical property of the polymer; and preparing a treatment fluid comprising the polymer.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing and lifting a channel board by underwater grouting includes (A) when the channel board is damaged, removing the damaged channel board, cleaning and leveling a gravel layer under the damaged channel board, placing an undamaged channel board installed with first grouting pipes and a second grouting pipe on the gravel layer, wherein multiple geotextile bags are respectively bound to the first grouting pipes; when the channel board is subsided, installing first grouting pipes and a second grouting pipe into first grouting holes and a second grouting hole, respectively; (B) performing a first polymer grouting through the first grouting pipes, and performing a second polymer grouting through the second grouting pipe; (C) cutting off a part of the first grouting pipes the second grouting pipe which are exposed to the channel board, and leveling incisions; and (D) removing excess polymer left on the channel board.

Abstract: A formwork element for a molded wall panel end, comprising: a sole plate having a first lateral edge, a second lateral edge, an outer face, an inner face bearing a caisson, said caisson leaving free, on the inner face of the sole plate, a first lateral zone, defined between the first lateral edge and the caisson, and a second lateral zone, defined between the second lateral edge and the caisson; a form stripping assistance device cooperating with the sole plate. The form stripping assistance device includes at least one first sacrificial section comprising a first portion disposed on the first lateral zone of the inner face of the sole plate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a jetting, expansion and extrusion combined pile, a construction method thereof and a spiral jetting, expansion and extrusion drilling rig used in the method. A pile of the combined pile comprises a pile body (101), an expanded body (103) and a pile end (106). At least one double-frustum-shaped expanded body (103), which is integrally formed with the pile body (101), is arranged on the pile body (101). The expanded body (103) is located in a vertical soil layer position, which has higher deformation modulus and shear strength, of the pile body (101), and at least two wing plates (102) which are uniformly distributed in the circumference direction and basically perpendicular to the axis of the pile are arranged on the pile body (101). The diameter of the pile above the expanded body (103) is larger than or equal to that of the pile below the expanded body (103).

Abstract: A pressing-pulling device includes: a pressing-pulling bracket, wherein slotting oil cylinders are symmetrically and vertically mounted on the pressing-pulling bracket, and a piston rod of each of the slotting oil cylinders faces downwardly; a bottom end of the piston rod is connected to a connecting plate, and a through-hole is provided in a middle of the connecting plate; a continuous lifting mechanism is installed in a middle of the pressing-pulling bracket, and a slotting rod is vertically inserted into the continuous lifting mechanism; a lifting ring is installed at a top end of the slotting rod; a bottom end of the slotting rod extends downwardly through the through-hole to connect to a slotting cutter; a locking device is fixed on the connecting plate near the through-hole for fixing the slotting rod.

Abstract: A concrete forming system for reducing the time and labor required for the framing, pouring, and curing of concrete walls. The concrete forming system generally includes concrete forms including a first wall, a second wall opposing the first wall, and a pair of sidewalls. A cavity is formed between the walls; with an opening being fluidly connected to the cavity. A first vehicle is connected to the first wall and a second vehicle is connected to the second wall. Using the vehicles, the positioning and orientation of the walls may be adjusted. After the walls have been placed and oriented, the vehicles will hold the walls in place as concrete is poured into the cavity through the opening. The concrete is allowed to cure into a structure; after which the vehicles and walls may be moved to another location to repeat the process.

Abstract: A system for forming a cavity in a backfill mixture comprising granular material and water positioned in an at least partially excavated stope. The system includes a base and a drainage tube assembly in an extended condition thereof. The drainage tube assembly extends between a lower end secured to the base and an upper end positioned above an upper surface of the backfill mixture. The extended drainage tube assembly includes a tube portion thereof with a permeable material and defining the cavity therein into which the water from the backfill mixture is drainable, through the permeable material. The system also includes a drainage pipe, for permitting the water that has drained into the cavity of the extended drainage tube assembly to exit the stope.

Abstract: A method for forming a trench and a membrane-lined wall in the trench for levee reinforcement or leak prevention, prevention of water migration, and pollution co of impoundments. The membrane-lined wall generally includes a cementitious or concrete wall formed within an excavated trench. The concrete may be internally reinforced, and the wall may also comprise a double-layer of impermeable geomembrane liner that forms a barrier between the concrete and the sides and bottom of the trench. The membrane or liner reduces water migration, prevents levee leakage, and prevents the escape of contaminants in impoundments.

Abstract: Provided is a microtrencher having a utility avoidance system that detects objects buried under the roadway, identifies whether the buried object is a utility and determines whether the buried utility is in the path of the cutting wheel. If the buried utility is in the path of the cutting wheel, an alert is sent to the operator, the vehicle is stopped, and/or the cutting wheel is raised in relation to the roadway. Also provided is a method of using the microtrencher to cut a microtrench in a roadway and to avoid cutting a buried utility in the path of the cutting wheel.

Abstract: A membrane-lined wall for levee reinforcement or leak prevention, prevention of water migration, and pollution control of impoundments. The membrane-lined wall generally includes a cementitious or concrete wall formed within an excavated trench. The concrete may be internally reinforced, and the wall may also comprise a double-layer of impermeable geomembrane liner that forms a barrier between the concrete and the sides and bottom of the trench. The membrane or liner reduces water migration, prevents levee leakage, and prevents the escape of contaminants in impoundments.

Abstract: A method of permeating and infusing a formation around the borehole with wax by heating a formation surrounding a borehole and pumping molten wax into the formation, wherein the molten wax flows into and fills voids the formation without disrupting the formation is described. Also, a method of permeating and infusing a formation around the borehole with wax by heating a formation surrounding a borehole, pumping molten wax into the borehole, heating and circulating the molten wax vertically within the borehole for an extended period using a heater and pump attached to a circulation pipe extended to the bottom of a zone of the borehole to be heated, and recovering molten wax from the borehole by displacing it back to the surface with another material of different density is described.

Abstract: A swellable packer comprising a metallic pipe, and a swellable rubber composition comprising an elastomer, a water soluble resin, for example polyethylene oxide, an ionic peroxide cure and/or peroxide curing with a metallic co-agent, a salt, and a super absorbing polymer wrapped around at least a portion of the metallic pipe.

Abstract: Various methods of making a reinforced structure in the ground using a boring tool are provided. One of the methods includes providing a boring tool having a boring tube that can vibrate. The method also includes making a borehole in the ground using the boring tool while causing the boring tube to vibrate. Additionally, the method includes, when the boring tube has reached a predetermined depth, injecting a sealing grout into the boring tube that embeds the boring tube in the sealing grout. Further, the method includes detaching the boring tube from the boring tool, thereby providing a structure reinforced by the boring tube.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a system and a method for injecting a composition into soil. The composition is passed under pressure into a filler tube housed within an expandable element situated in a first hole. When the composition is pumped, therein the filler tube is raised and, the expandable element expands when the composition fills the expandable element, thereby solidifying the adjacent soil. Further, due to expansion, the structure above the ground is lifted. The rate of pumping the composition into the filler tube is determined by pressure of the composition, the type of soil, or by the chemical reaction detected by a first sensor and/or a second sensor present in a second or third hole. The material injected into the ground improves the soils beneath a structure, such as a house to create a resistance once the material permeates the soil and expands.

Abstract: There is provided a method that achieves ground reinforcement, a rise of ground surface level, and ground surface flattening, and so forth even on ground free of a building construction on it or soft ground. The method involves: determination of the degree of consolidation at a grout injection depth position; prediction of a permeation radius at which grout will permeate first on the basis of the degree of consolidation and the amount of grout for single-shot injection; setting of a plurality of grout injection points so as to be spaced apart by an adjacent distance greater than twice the permeation radius; starting of time-spaced injections at each grout injection point; and formation of a solidified portion during the first injection and formation of an enlarged solidified portion during the second injection.

Abstract: Systems and methods for fabricating a retaining wall include an operation for making an untreated wall in the ground. This may be done by digging a trench in the ground and simultaneously mixing the ground in situ with a binder. Next may be a further operation for excavating a volume of ground adjacent to the untreated wall so as to uncover a surface of the untreated wall. Following that may be a further operation for treating the untreated wall during which a protective treatment substance comprising a polymer substance is applied to the surface that was uncovered in such a manner as to obtain a retaining wall of a thickness that is substantially equal to the thickness of the untreated wall.

Abstract: A perimeter pile anchor foundation is built by forming a plurality of individual perimeter pile anchors in a large generally circular pattern to form a perimeter wall. The individual pile anchors are contiguous, each pile overlapping the adjacent piles on either side. The overlapping pile anchors form an arch such that compression and friction between the pile anchors resist soil caving and sloughing pressure when soil inside the perimeter wall is excavated, enabling the perimeter pile foundation to be effectively constructed in weak saturated soils and/or cohesionless sands that will not allow conventional concrete foundation excavations. A concrete foundation ring is formed inside the pile perimeter wall to support a tall and/or heavy tower or other structure subject to high upset forces.

Abstract: Systems and method for utilizing a generally unused and sealed off portion of an underground limestone mine, generally which is still elsewhere in use, to become a portion of a pollution mitigation system for the exhaust gases of a limestone kiln or other co-located industrial process.

Abstract: A drilling method and device is for the execution of diaphragm walls by cutters, (131, 105, 110) carried by a frame (130) supported by suspension and movers (102). A guide hole (200) is formed as far as the depth specified in the design at the center of the panel to be made. Excavation is started with the introduction into the guide hole (200) of a guide element (101) that is fixed with respect to the tool-holder frame and having geometry such as to copy the guide hole along which it slides during excavation. Excavation is carried out as far as the depth specified in the design. The tool is extracted from the excavation and the excavation is filled with concrete and a panel is formed. The method is repeated so as to form adjacent panels.

Abstract: A method of forming an underground slurry wall having the steps of: (a) providing a trencher having a trenching arm assembly with a cutting tooth track; (b) providing a dispensing tube proximate the cutting tooth track; (c) rotating the cutting tooth track; (d) extending the cutting tooth track below the outside surface, to, in turn, agitate the soil therebelow to a predetermined depth; (d) translating the trenching arm assembly across the outside surface so as to form an underground wall of agitated soil; (e) dispensing a clay-like material proximate the cutting tooth track; and (f) utilizing the cutting tooth track to mix the clay-like material into the soil while the cutting tooth track is rotating and translating, to, in turn, mix the clay-like material into the agitated soil. Systems are likewise disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer grouting method for constructing an ultra-thin anti-seepage wall meeting requirements of anti-seepage designs of dams, includes the following steps of: forming continuous slots on a body of the dam and the foundation which need seepage-proofing and reinforcing; and injecting two-component expansive polymer grouting materials to the slots through grouting pipes, a volume rapidly expands after the polymer grouting materials reacts and the slots are filled to form a polymer ultra-thin body, the polymer ultra-thin bodies which are adjacent are cemented together to form a continuous, uniform, and regular cementing ultra-thin polymer anti-seepage wall; this invention is different from the conventional anti-seepage wall technology whatever through the material, the mechanism or the construction methods, which has the advantages such as speediness, ultra-thinness, minimally invasive, lightness, high toughness, economy, and durability, applied in reinforcement projects of a number of the dams and dikes.

Abstract: A robotic unit for coupling to an internal buckle arresting pipeline isolation tool that is suitable for use in a pipeline that is being laid from a reeled pipeline vessel. The robotic unit having the ability to position the isolation tool either above or below the SAG bend or touchdown point of the pipeline. The robotic unit has first and second ends which are separable from each other and a hydraulic system having a plurality of pipeline engaging means positioned along an exterior surface of the robotic unit. The hydraulic system of the robotic unit being operable to returnably separate the first and second end of the robotic unit and to engage the pipeline engaging means with the interior surface of the pipeline. The robotic unit further comprising a control unit in communication with the hydraulic system to control the movement such that the robotic unit propels the isolation tool along the inside of a pipeline.

Abstract: A polymer grouting method for uplifting a ballastless track of a high-speed rail includes following steps of: (1) drilling grouting holes; (2) manufacturing geo-textile bags and binding the grouting pipes up with the geo-textile bags; (3) tying up the geo-textile bags; (4) displacing the geo-textile bags; (5) grouting two-component expansive polymer materials into the geo-textile bags; (6) uplifting the track; (7) grouting two-component expansive polymer materials for filling; and (8) monitoring amount of the uplifting, wherein a vertically uplifting height is monitored in real time by a laser level, and the grouting is quit if the vertically uplifting height meets uplifting requirements.

Abstract: An apparatus for filling joints in precast concrete structures includes a core that has exceptionally low creep and conforms to ASTM D 1752 made of controlled particle size composites of recycled cellular rubber and plastic materials in the form of a rectangular slab. Holes are drilled through a central area and countersink recesses are formed around the holes. An outer coating of a thermoplastic polyurethane/polyurea elastomer system of a thickness of 0.075 inch covers the slab and countersink recesses. The coated core is abrasion and UV resistant while having the creep characteristics needed to make a dam expansion joint filler.

Abstract: A method of permeating and infusing a formation around the borehole with wax by heating a formation surrounding a borehole and pumping molten wax into the formation, wherein the molten wax flows into and fills voids the formation without disrupting the formation is described. Also, a method of permeating and infusing a formation around the borehole with wax by heating a formation surrounding a borehole, pumping molten wax into the borehole, heating and circulating the molten wax vertically within the borehole for an extended period using a heater and pump attached to a circulation pipe extended to the bottom of a zone of the borehole to be heated, and recovering molten wax from the borehole by displacing it back to the surface with another material of different density is described.

Abstract: A method and arrangement for producing a trench wall element in the ground, in which a trench is produced in the ground through removal of ground material by way of a removal device and a hardening medium is introduced into the trench in order to form the trench wall element. Provision is made in that between the removal device and a carrier device at least two ropes are tensioned, for which the respective positions of at least two vertically spaced rope points of a rope are ascertained through angle and distance measurements by way of a measuring device, and in that the ascertained positions of the rope points are used to determine a location of the removal device in the ground.

Abstract: The system and method to inject grout into a borehole uses a leader comprising opposite fore and aft portions, a pressure-bearing member between the fore and aft portions, and a leader passage extending from a fore opening at the leader fore portion to an aft opening in the leader aft portion. A tube is attached to the leader and connected to the leader aft opening. The leader is inserted into the borehole with the fore portion first. An impelling fluid is injected in the borehole downstream of the pressure-bearing member and exteriorly of the tube, resulting in pressure being applied on the pressure-bearing member and the leader consequently advancing towards the borehole bottom end, the leader carrying the tube with it to deploy the tube in the borehole. Upstream fluid located in the borehole upstream of the pressure-bearing member is evacuated out of the borehole through the leader passage and the tube.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for introducing a filling material into a hole in the ground, with a channel-like filling means which can be introduced into the hole and has an upper feed opening for feeding in the filling material and a lower discharge opening for discharging the filling material in a lower area of the hole. The filling means comprises an upper feed section and a flexible hose section arranged below. During the filling of the hole with the filling material the flexible hose section can be moved upwards along the feed section. During upward movement of the flexible hose section a severing means severs an upper area of the hose section in a longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for introducing a filling material into a hole.

Abstract: A head includes an outer cylindrical body with at least one upper inlet for fluids, at least one outlet side nozzle and at least one helical duct having a helical central line. The duct connects the upper inlet to the nozzle and imparts the fluid flowing through it a helical motion about the longitudinal axis of the outer body towards the nozzle. The helical duct is progressively tapered towards the nozzle and includes a terminal length of the duct which is radiused to the nozzle in a tapered manner, both when viewed in cross-sectional planes parallel to the longitudinal axis and tangent to the helical central line, as well as when viewed in cross-sectional planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Unit plates are supported by unit frames connected consecutively together for turning about axes being remote from and crossing a longitudinal axis of the frames with the ability to alternately be shifted about the turning axes by rams coupled between the plates and frames and expanded while the frames are shifted continuously. The front frame supports alternately a face-and-end pumping mill, facing disk or wedge or endless chain cutter. A ski tenon supported on the front end of the front frame that is able to be engaged with a ski-trak means of adjacent from behind the same unit frames for relative turning about the axes and disengaged in the trench.

Abstract: A plastic gel grouting material, which comprises a silica type non-hardening powdery material and water or a silica type non-hardening powdery material, a calcium type hardening developing material and water as active ingredients, is statically pressure-injected into a soft, loose or weak ground to thereby form masses derived from the grouting material per se in the ground, and concurrently therewith, to compact the surrounding earth and sand, thereby increasing density of the ground. A plastic gel grouting material is provided which loses its flowability with time or by dewatering to form masses derived from the grouting material per se in a ground and which comprises a silica type non-hardening powdery material and water or a silica type non-hardening powdery material, a calcium type hardening developing material and water as active ingredients.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an underground opening that is filled and sealed with grout comprising an aggregate coated with water-activated, expanded hydrophobic polymeric resin.

Abstract: An injection head includes an upper inlet pipe (12) for receiving fluid from a set of tubular rods which can be mounted above the head, at least a first pipe (13) having a curved intermediate portion (14) which connects the upper inlet pipe (12) to at least one lateral injection nozzle (11), at least a second pipe (15) for conveying a fluid from the inlet pipe (12) to a lower outlet pipe (17) which can be connected to a drilling tool. The injection head also has valve (20-23) which can be actuated to cut off the flow of the fluid towards the lower outlet pipe (17). The valve is located in a position downstream of the upper inlet pipe (12) and above, or upstream of, the lateral nozzles (11) and the second pipes (15).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a trench wall element in the ground, in which a trench is produced in the ground through removal of ground material by means of a removal device and a hardening medium is introduced into the trench in order to form the trench wall element. Provision is made in that between the removal device and a carrier device at least two ropes are tensioned, for which the respective positions of at least two vertically spaced rope points of a rope are ascertained through angle and distance measurements by means of a measuring device, and in that the ascertained positions of the rope points are used to determine a location of the removal device in the ground. The invention furthermore relates to an arrangement for producing a trench wall element.

Abstract: The gel time of a grouting system may be controlled by providing a resin component separated by a catalyst component, where a carbon component is included in the catalyst component. The catalyst component may include an inhibitor such as a phenolic compound, and/or the resin component may include a promoter such as an aniline compound.

Abstract: Cement compositions comprising carboxylated inulin and methods of using the same to cement a workspace. In one embodiment, a method of cementing includes providing a cement composition comprising a carboxylated inulin, for example, in a subterranean formation. The method further includes allowing the cement composition to set. In some embodiments, the cement composition has a thickening time of from about 2 hours to about 11 hours. In other embodiments, the cement composition has a viscosity that is about constant for a period of time after the cement composition is placed.

Abstract: The primary object of the invention is to provide a sealing material and an injection method that make sure good effects on stopping water and good durability. The inventive sealing material comprises a mixture of Materials A and B, the Material A containing fine-particle silica produced by a process in which a slurry having metallic silicon powders dispersed in water is jetted into a flame for burning and oxidization and having an average particle diameter of 1.0 ?m or less, a dispersant and water and being subjected to wet dispersion, and the Material B containing a calcium compound having an average particle diameter of 1.0 ?m or less, a dispersant and water and being subjected to wet dispersion. The average particle diameter is measured using a leaser diffraction type particle size distribution analyzer without subjecting the silica and the calcium compound to ultrasonic dispersion.

Abstract: Control indices in drilling work with an air-foam stabilizer are clarified for stabilizing and regulating the stabilizer on the basis of the following indices relating to the air foam amount and the water or cement milk amount in the stabilizer; and a method of regulation of the air-foam stabilizer based on these is provided. <A> Defoaming water content ratio (Wmin) being the minimum water content at which when air foams are added to soil under drilling, defoaming would not occur, <B> Separation water content ratio (Wsep) being the maximum water content ratio at which any separation would not occur in the air-foam stabilizer, <C> Minimum air foam addition ratio (Qmin) exhibiting the minimum air foam addition amount from the viewpoint of the fluidity required for drilling, and <D> Maximum air foam addition ratio (Qmax) exhibiting the maximum air foam addition amount for obtaining the necessary density of the air-foam stabilizer as the minimum density required for drilling.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided that relate to resin-based sealant compositions comprising cement kiln dust. An embodiment discloses a method comprising: providing a resin-based sealant composition comprising a liquid hardenable resin component and kiln dust; and allowing the resin-based sealant composition to harden.

Abstract: A groundwater barrier system for preventing the generally lateral, subterranean migration of water (including both liquid and gaseous fluids) beyond an established perimeter, while providing controlled collection of same for use. The present system utilizes a barrier wall, which is formed in-ground via non-permeable membrane in sheet/roll/panel or slurry (materials can include bentonite clay). The present system will be configured to intersect the flow path of the groundwater to be routed to enhance containment or collection of the fluid. In use, the barrier of the present invention is installed by first making an excavation to accommodate the barrier system. The excavation and barrier wall is implemented to a depth so as to allow for the maximum interception with the established water table to be contained or collected, and/or processed based on benefit vs cost analysis. The barrier can also be used to prevent contaminants (including saltwater) from entering surficial freshwater aquifers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for constructing large vertical boreholes and underground cut-off walls is disclosed. A drill rig assembly with double rotary heads drives a small diameter drill string and a much larger diameter drill string which is concentric with the smaller drill string and has a donut shaped drill bit configuration at the lower end thereof. Preferably, a steerable mud motor/drill is provided on one end of the small drill string and is guided to make as vertical a borehole as possible. In a preferred embodiment, the small inner drill is advanced to the full depth using the steerable mud motor/drill to achieve a high degree of verticality and a slight smaller casing is installed and used as a verticality guide for the much larger diameter outer drill string. In a further embodiment, the inner drill string is advanced a predetermined distance, then the outer string is advanced using the inner string as a verticality guide, these steps being repeated in alternating fashion to the final depth.

Abstract: A process for grouting a super-thin curtain with polymer, includes: forming a series of V-shaped injecting holes by direct pushing method using a special drilling tool along a dam or dike axis spacedly at a predetermined distance; and injecting a two-component polymer composition into each of the holes, wherein the mixed polymer material expends and coagulates under chemical reaction to form a series of super-thin curtain segments, and the curtain segments connect with each other end to end to form a continuous and impermeable polymer curtain.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to repair a leak in a geological structure or a construction comprising a geological material, comprising administering a liquid nutrient composition, comprising an energy source for anaerobic bacteria and a multivalent metal ion upstream of the leak allowing micro-organisms present in the structure or construction to ferment the energy source and to grow, thereby increasing biomass in and/or around the leak releasing mineral particles upstream of the leak allowing the mineral particles to migrate to the leak; and allowing the mineral particles to settle in the biomass.

Abstract: A grout for filing a micro-trench formed in the ground includes comprises Class F fly ash in a range of approximately 0 to 30% by weight of grout and cement kiln dust in a range of approximately 50 to 90% by weight of grout.

Abstract: A directional fracture grouting method with polymer for seepage control of dikes and dams includes the steps of: arranging a plurality of directional fracture grouting holes at a predetermined distance along the axis of the dike or dam; forming the directional fracture grouting holes by pushing a special drilling tool; placing a hole-sealing grouting pipe and a fracture grouting pipe into each of the directional fracture holes; and injecting including the steps of firstly injecting a small amount of polymer material into the sealing-hole pipe, and secondly injecting predetermined amount of material into the fracture grouting pipe. Under the chemical reaction, the mixed material expands, fractures the soil along the guided directions, and forms a super thin polymer segment. Finally, the polymer segments are overlapped each other, and the seepage control system is constructed inside the dike or dam.

Abstract: Formulations are provided for producing structural members or back fill for mine stopes in environments having sub zero temperatures such as permafrost. The formulations having constituents including crushed rock (rockfill), powdered tailings, ice and water in specific ratios with attention to the prescribed gradations of the rockfill and tailings. The tailings, a readily available and very finely divided material, fill the naturally existing voids in the rockfill. The gradation of the rockfill and the bulk density of the rockfill establish the rockfill/tailings ratio, which has been determined to lie between 1 and 3 or from 50/50 to about 75/25 for optimum strength. The ice in the mix design arises from the pre-existing moisture content in the rock and tailings typically 2% to 5% for the rockfill, 8% to 25% for the tailings. The change of state of liquid water to ice on the particle surfaces is the binding mechanism of the system and is enhanced by vigorous mixing.

Abstract: A grouting system for anchoring a reinforcement in a mine includes a package that is a tubular member formed of polymer film and has discrete first and second compartments. Hardenable cementitious material that is a hydratable substance and water is disposed in the first compartment. A method of forming a resin grouting capsule includes: injecting a hardenable material into a first compartment of the capsule having resin mastic; wherein the hardenable material does not substantially react with the resin mastic when injected into the first compartment. Another method of forming a resin grouting capsule includes: injecting a hardenable material into a first compartment of the capsule having catalyst mastic; wherein the hardenable material does not substantially react with the catalyst mastic when injected into the first compartment.

Abstract: A system and method for creating a subterranean construction including an excavation means adapted to excavate a first material from a subterranean position, means for clearing this first material from the excavation site, and means for supplying the void left by the excavation with a supply of a second material that is dissimilar to the first material.

Abstract: A number of front working, trench filling face-compressing, inclinedly disposed sliders are arranged alternately with cutter bits on an endless chain of a trench-forming endless chain cutter on a transporting chassis, and driven with the chain by a drive means so that backward oriented, inclined facet portions of the sliders compress a filling in the trench toward and on a front working face of the wall being formed. An elongate, filling face-compressing shield is adapted to be extended down into the trench and supported with its underground portion on the underground portion of a guide post of the cutter or on the trench bottom for forward and backward oscillation by a drive means to compress the filling face adjacent to the shield. The compacted filling is in these ways being formed by horizontal pressure.

Abstract: A number of slot filling-compressing members are inserted from a framework into and across a slot-shaped excavation at ahead of a frontal face of a continuous, compacted slot filling being formed along the slot, and moved with a drive means connected to the members for intermittently forcing portions of the members against the filling to compress the filling adjacent to the members longitudinally against the face. The compacted filling is in this way formed by longitudinal pressure. The members can be mounted for forward or reciprocating movement in directions along and across the face.