Abstract: The present invention relates to method for filling deformable karst cave, and the steps are: penetrating a grouting pipe into an elastic silicone tube, penetrating the grouting pipe and the elastic silicone tube into a deformable bracket, and lowering into a karst cave; sealing the elastic silicone tube, injecting silicate resin materials into the grouting pipe, and injecting steel fiber reinforced grout to implement a “block stone-like” structure; sealing the elastic silicone tube, separating the “block stone-like” structure from the elastic silicone tube to complete a “block stone-like” structure; lowering the elastic silicone tube and the deformable bracket, sealing the elastic silicone tube, lowering the elastic silicone tube and the deformable bracket tore construct the “block stone-like” structure, and completing the filling. The present invention may effectively stabilize the karst cave, ensure safe tunnel construction and stable surrounding rocks, and improve engineering construction speed.

Abstract: Bentonite-based grout fluids and methods of using the grout fluids are provided. A method of using a grout fluid includes placing a geothermal conduit in at least one hole in the earth, providing a grout fluid consisting essentially of water and a bentonite-based grout, wherein the bentonite-based grout consists essentially of calcium carbonate, a bentonite, one or more grout-setting modifiers, and one or more thermally conductive materials, introducing the grout fluid into a space between the geothermal conduit and sidewalls of the at least one hole so that the grout fluid is in contact with the geothermal conduit, and after introducing the grout fluid, allowing the grout fluid to set to fix the geothermal conduit to the at least one hole, wherein after setting, the grout fluid has a hydraulic conductivity of between about 1×10?7 cm/s and about 1×10?9 cm/s.

Abstract: Subsurface environments can be characterized using photoacoustic nanotracers. A solution including a photoacoustic nanotracer is formed. The solution is injected into the subsurface environment. Produced fluids are analyzed for the photoacoustic nanotracer. A breakthrough curve is built based, at least in part, on the analysis. The photoacoustic nanotracers can be based on plasmonic gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, or both.

Abstract: Treatment technology directed to using mine waste as a raw material to manufacture a mine filling product for use as a suitable precursor product or mine filling product to be used as a backfill material to close a mine. The precursor product or mine filling product retains its metals and is not be able to generate acidity. According to the disclosure, the precursor product or mine filling product, when placed in a mine, may also remove metals from mine fluids in the mine it contacts, and still retain the metals it hosted when it was a mine waste prior to it being used as a raw material to manufacture the precursor stowing backfill product.

Abstract: An inkjet ink contains a pigment, a pigment dispersion resin, a water-soluble organic solvent, and a polymer nonionic surfactant. The pigment dispersion resin has an acid value of at least 55 mgKOH/g and no greater than 97 mgKOH/g. The polymer nonionic surfactant has a mass average molecular weight of at least 7,000 and no greater than 12,500. An inkjet recording apparatus includes a linehead and a conveyance section which conveys a recording medium. The linehead ejects the above inkjet ink onto the recording medium.

Abstract: A system or method for thermal storage includes a recess or containment unit having a first storage layer and a second storage layer comprising a permeable filler material. An intermediate layer is disposed between the storage layers. A primary well traverses the layer in the recess. The primary well is in thermal communication with the first permeable filler material and the second permeable filler material. A heat source is provided for heating an inlet fluid. An input pump is in fluid communication with the primary well and the heat source. The primary well receives heated inlet fluid from the inlet pump and injects the fluid into the second layers. The heated inlet fluid transfers heat to the respective permeable filler material radially from the primary well toward an outer periphery of the thermocline recess.

Abstract: A method for the reduction of liquefaction potential within soil of a stratum located a distance deep below a foundation of a structure through the injection of a two-part polyurethane liquid forming a polymer foam.

Abstract: A trough plate for constructing a locked polymer anti-seepage wall includes a plate body, a guide tube, a grouting pipe and an anti-blocking head. A construction method of the locked polymer anti-seepage wall includes the steps of positioning an Nth trough plate and then pressing the Nth trough plate into ground, wherein N is a natural number larger than and equal to 1; engaging an (N+1)th trough plate with the Nth trough plate, and then pressing the (N+1)th trough plate into the ground; connecting a grouting pipe of the Nth trough plate with a grouting machine, pulling out the Nth trough plate, and simultaneously grouting through the grouting pipe of the Nth trough plate by the grouting machine; and repeating the steps (B) and (C) till the locked polymer anti-seepage wall is completed, wherein the steps (B) and (C) are repeated every time, N is automatically increased by 1.

Abstract: A foundation engineering machine and method for producing a trench in the ground include a substantially vertical mast, a diaphragm wall apparatus displaceably supported in a longitudinal direction of the mast for producing the trench, and a bar-shaped holder, at the lower end of which the diaphragm wall apparatus is mounted and with which the diaphragm wall apparatus is linearly displaceable along the mast. An upper first clamping sledge with a first clamp for releasably clamping the bar-shaped holder and a lower second clamping sledge with a second clamp for releasably clamping the bar-shaped holder are movably supported on the mast. The first clamping sledge and the second clamping sledge are movable relative to each other, and the lower second clamping sledge has a connector for mounting an additional lifting device disposed on the ground, with which a force can be applied in the longitudinal direction onto the second sledge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a sealing base in the ground in which by injection of a curable grouting compound a plurality of sealing elements is produced in a first soil layer, which elements adjoin one another or overlap, wherein the plurality of sealing elements forms a solid base plate following curing of the grouting compound. It is provided according to the invention that in a second soil layer, which lies beneath the first soil layer for the solid base plate, a gel base is created by injection of a sealing gel, and that the solid base plate and the underlying gel base form the sealing base. The invention further relates to a correspondingly produced sealing base.

Abstract: The Invention discloses an ecological remediation method for controlling sulphur pollution in black and odorous sludge of rivers. Firstly, the sludge from pollution layer of the rivers will be dredged and stacked on the banksides with slope protection built along the outer edge of the sludge storage site; then innocent pretreatment will be conducted for the sludge. Specific steps comprise solarization and ploughing, and mixed ameliorant of certain proportion will be added for modification between first solarization and intermittent ploughing. Then, large emergent aquatic plants will be planted on the stacked sludge after pretreatment. The technical method provided by the Invention may control the release of acid-volatile sulfide in the contaminated sludge on one hand and reduce concentration of volatile organic sulfide in the waters on the other hand.

Abstract: A method for improving the mechanical and hydraulic characteristics of soils, including a step of providing tension members or nails which have an anchoring portion anchored in the soil to be improved and a second end portion fixed substantially at the surface of the soil to be improved; and a step of injecting cement mixtures or synthetic mixtures into the volume of soil to be improved below the surface. The mixture injection step is performed after providing the tension members or nails.

Abstract: Provided is a drainage grouting pipe and a method of use thereof. The drainage grouting pipe comprises a perforated steel pipe, a plurality of elastic anti-filtration geotextiles, a movable stopper, and a grouting pipe. The perforated steel pipe consists of a front conical tip, a middle grouting section, a rear hole-free section, and a steel pipe seal. The middle grouting section is provided with a plurality of grouting holes. The surface of the middle grouting section of the perforated steel pipe is seamlessly, and circumferentially wrapped by the plurality of elastic anti-filtration geotextiles, and gaps are formed between adjacent elastic anti-filtration geotextiles. Firstly, the geotechnical layer is drained by a pumping system, and then the grouting position in the geotechnical layer is located and controlled by pulling out the grouting pipe to control the plunging depth of the movable stopper, thus achieving the prevention and treatment of groundwater seepage damage.

Abstract: A polymer geo-injection apparatus for protecting an underground structure is provided. The apparatus includes: a drill bit configured to drill a path through the ground to a desired depth that is above the underground structure; an injection nozzle coupled to the drill bit and configured to insert into and withdraw from the ground along the drilled path, and to create a corresponding cavity in the ground at the desired depth by injecting compressed air into the ground at the desired depth; and a polymer melting and injection unit configured to fuse or melt one or more components of a solid polymer into a liquid form of the solid polymer, and supply the liquid polymer to the injection nozzle. The injection nozzle is further configured to fabricate a corresponding protection slab of the solid polymer at the desired depth by injecting the supplied liquid polymer into the corresponding cavity.

Abstract: A dynamically self-balancing pressurized borehole sealing apparatus and method thereof for coal seam gas pressure measurement having a pressure measuring tube arranged in a borehole with one end of the pressure measuring tube provided with a pressure measuring unit. The pressure measuring tube is wrapped with an expansion airbag and provided with a pressure introducing hole communicating with the expansion airbag. On each side of the expansion airbag, the pressure measuring tube is wrapped with a front borehole inflatable sealing airbag and a rear borehole inflatable sealing airbag respectively. A gel injection chamber is reserved between the front borehole sealing airbag and the rear borehole sealing airbag and between the expansion airbag and an inner side of the borehole. Gas from the pressure measuring tube expands the expansion airbag and squeezes sealing gel in the gel injection chamber into borehole fractures for dynamic pressurized sealing.

Abstract: Methods of lifting structures such as a wall of a building. A fluid that is under pressure is injected beneath the base of the wall. The pressure of the injected fluid acts against the base of the wall to lift the wall vertically. In some embodiments, a supplemental lifting force mechanism can be attached to the wall to apply a supplemental lifting force to the wall that acts together with the lifting force applied by the injected fluid. The supplemental lifting force “lightens” the wall, reducing the amount of lifting force required to be applied to the wall by the injected fluid.

Abstract: A compaction grouting system (“C.G.S”) construction method capable of seismic retrofit and quality control is provided. An injection pipe is inserted in the ground to an insertion depth and is provided for injecting a grout into the ground at the insertion depth. The grout is injected in predetermined quantities per unit time under an injection pressure that is a predetermined static pressure. A discharge pressure of the grout being injected is measured. At least one or more, among the injection pressure at which the grout is being injected and the unit time per which predetermined quantities of the grout are injected, is adjusted, according to the change in the measurement value of the discharge pressure. The insertion depth at which the injection pipe is inserted in the ground is changed after the injection of the grout is completed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to in-place soil stabilization. Specifically, the present invention relates a method and device for measuring the increase in subsurface earth pressure during the injection of a stabilizing agent into the soil. The rise in sensor pressure indicates an increase in soil strength and bearing capacity. Therefore, real-time monitoring of these pressures may serve as a guide during the injection process.

Abstract: An arrangement for a down-the-hole hammer drill, for use in soil consolidation by jet grouting, and comprising a cylindrical machine housing, an impact mechanism driven by pressurised fluid that impacts onto a drill bit mounted in a chuck in the machine housing that allows reciprocating motion, whereby the machine housing has a central supply line for the driving fluid to the impact mechanism in which channels in the drill bit constitute outlets for used driving fluid. The machine housing is provided with a grouting nozzle for jet grouting, that the grouting nozzle is directed in a sideways direction and arranged at the periphery of the wall of the machine housing, that a rinsing channel for conducting a grouting mixture through the machine housing to the said grouting nozzle is arranged whereby the rinsing channel for the grouting mixture is separate from the supply line for the driving fluid of the impact mechanism.

Abstract: A polymer grouting method for constructing a vertical supporting system, includes following steps of: (1) structuring an integrated polymer water-blocking panel; (2) constructing a polymer coping of a polymer vertical supporting system; (3) constructing polymer anchors on the integrated polymer water-blocking panel; (4) processing constructing connection of the polymer anchors; and (5) excavating vertically by layer in turn, wherein step (3) and step (4) is repeated until a construction of the polymer vertical supporting system reaches a projected depth, and then the construction of the polymer vertical supporting system is completed. The polymer vertical supporting system constructed according to the present invention has advantages, such as convenience, lightness, high tenacity, economy, and lasting long. The slots of foundation pits, side slopes, municipal pipelines, etc. can be excavated vertically fast by adopting the present invention.

Abstract: A multicomponent composition for filling and/or grouting cracks, flaws, and cavities in structures or earth and stone formations, including: i) water; ii) cement; iii) an aqueous plastic dispersion; and iv) at least one monomer, which can be radically polymerized, or a polyisocyanate. A material is thus obtained as a sealant having both a swelling capacity and expandability.

Abstract: A method of inline mixing the exact amount of sodium silicate, catalyst and water to form a grout for injection into underground construction applications in order to eliminate waste of resources. The invention is comprised of a sodium silicate pump assembly and a water and catalyst pump assembly. A metering pump injects a catalyst into the water loop. The sodium silicate pump and the water and catalyst pump discharge lines are merged into one pipeline downstream. The single pipe is connected to a static inline mixer that ensures uniform mixing of all the components. The sodium silicate pump assembly and the water and catalyst pump assembly are hydraulically controlled. This allows an operator to vary the speed of the pump thereby controlling pump discharge.

Abstract: A composition and method for consolidating and mechanically strengthening soil and/or sand, comprising: a) preparing a dry mixture, comprising: the soil and/or sand, CaCl2 or CaO, and alumina, wherein 100 parts of the dry mixture comprises 1-99 parts soil and/or sand, 0-25 parts CaCl2, and 0-25 parts alumina; and b) adding aqueous Na2SiO3, wherein 100 parts v/v of the aqueous Na2SiO3 comprises 1-35 parts Na2SiO3, and 99 to 65 parts water; and repeating steps a and b until refusal occurs. Alternatively, a composition for consolidating and mechanically strengthening soil and/or sand, comprising: 100 parts of a dry mixture, comprising: 99-1 parts of the soil and/or sand; 0-25 parts alumina; 0-35 parts silicate; and 0-25 parts CaCl2. The silicate may be Na2Si2O3, Li2Si2O3, and K2Si2O3.

Abstract: A polymer grouting method for constructing an ultra-thin anti-seepage wall meeting requirements of anti-seepage designs of dams, includes the following steps of: forming continuous slots on a body of the dam and the foundation which need seepage-proofing and reinforcing; and injecting two-component expansive polymer grouting materials to the slots through grouting pipes, a volume rapidly expands after the polymer grouting materials reacts and the slots are filled to form a polymer ultra-thin body, the polymer ultra-thin bodies which are adjacent are cemented together to form a continuous, uniform, and regular cementing ultra-thin polymer anti-seepage wall; this invention is different from the conventional anti-seepage wall technology whatever through the material, the mechanism or the construction methods, which has the advantages such as speediness, ultra-thinness, minimally invasive, lightness, high toughness, economy, and durability, applied in reinforcement projects of a number of the dams and dikes.

Abstract: In a joint method for a reinforcing bar using a reinforcement joint having a grout inlet at one end and a grout outlet at the other end, the grout inlet is fitted with a sealing body provided with a check valve, and the grout outlet is fitted with a sealing plug provided with a piston body which is moved outward when the reinforcement joint is filled with grout, whereby the filling of the reinforcement joint can be visually confirmed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to in-place soil stabilization. Specifically, the present invention relates a method and device for measuring the increase in subsurface earth pressure during the injection of a stabilizing agent into the soil. The rise in sensor pressure indicates an increase in soil strength and bearing capacity. Therefore, real-time monitoring of these pressures may serve as a guide during the injection process.

Abstract: A method for preventing shield jamming by excessive frictional resistance in earth pressure balance shield which involves real-time monitoring of earth pressure signal for earth pressure on the shield body through sensors on the shield machine. Combined with the known parameters, resistance in the shield machine is calculated. The friction F1 between the shield body and the stratum is calculated by CPU module in PLC according to the earth pressure signals on a real-time basis. Then the friction F1 is determined whether it is less than or equal to the difference between the quotient of dividing total propulsion force Ft by correction coefficient Kxz and total resistance of F2, F3, F4 and F5; if so, it is under normal propulsion; if not, the warning device alarms. Therefore forced shut down due to shield jamming is effectively avoided, the construction risk is reduced and the construction efficiency is improved.

Abstract: A head includes an outer cylindrical body with at least one upper inlet for fluids, at least one outlet side nozzle and at least one helical duct having a helical central line. The duct connects the upper inlet to the nozzle and imparts the fluid flowing through it a helical motion about the longitudinal axis of the outer body towards the nozzle. The helical duct is progressively tapered towards the nozzle and includes a terminal length of the duct which is radiused to the nozzle in a tapered manner, both when viewed in cross-sectional planes parallel to the longitudinal axis and tangent to the helical central line, as well as when viewed in cross-sectional planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A plastic gel grouting material, which comprises a silica type non-hardening powdery material and water or a silica type non-hardening powdery material, a calcium type hardening developing material and water as active ingredients, is statically pressure-injected into a soft, loose or weak ground to thereby form masses derived from the grouting material per se in the ground, and concurrently therewith, to compact the surrounding earth and sand, thereby increasing density of the ground. A plastic gel grouting material is provided which loses its flowability with time or by dewatering to form masses derived from the grouting material per se in a ground and which comprises a silica type non-hardening powdery material and water or a silica type non-hardening powdery material, a calcium type hardening developing material and water as active ingredients.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an underground opening that is filled and sealed with grout comprising an aggregate coated with water-activated, expanded hydrophobic polymeric resin.

Abstract: An injection head includes an upper inlet pipe (12) for receiving fluid from a set of tubular rods which can be mounted above the head, at least a first pipe (13) having a curved intermediate portion (14) which connects the upper inlet pipe (12) to at least one lateral injection nozzle (11), at least a second pipe (15) for conveying a fluid from the inlet pipe (12) to a lower outlet pipe (17) which can be connected to a drilling tool. The injection head also has valve (20-23) which can be actuated to cut off the flow of the fluid towards the lower outlet pipe (17). The valve is located in a position downstream of the upper inlet pipe (12) and above, or upstream of, the lateral nozzles (11) and the second pipes (15).

Abstract: The present invention describes the method for preparing, using and recovering an absorbent material for apolar compounds or mixtures of apolar compounds, such as organic solvents, mineral oil and derivatives thereof, lubricant oils, edible oils, inter alia. The absorbent material is composed of an inorganic matrix of high porosity, low density and high mechanical resistance. This matrix is rendered water-proof, thus acquiring the property of absorbing apolar compounds or mixtures of apolar compounds.

Abstract: A subsurface thermal insulation product for reducing ground disturbance during a freeze-thaw cycle comprises: a plurality of thermal insulation panels each comprising: a foam board and a water wicking sheet attached to one of the top surface or the bottom surface of the foam board. Each foam board has a top surface and a bottom surface and four peripheral shiplap edges each with a notch that permits multiple thermal insulation panels to be placed in adjacent overlapping engagement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture to be applied onto a dump of residue salt as an infiltration-inhibiting layer for reducing the occurrence of pile water caused by precipitation, wherein the mixture comprises residue salt and a mineral additive which is poorly soluble to insoluble and has hydraulically and/or pozzolanically setting properties.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided that relate to weighted elastomers. The weighted elastomers may comprise an elastomer and a weighting agent attached to an outer surface of the elastomer. An embodiment includes a method of cementing that comprises providing a cement composition containing cement, water, and a weighted elastomer. In addition, the cement composition may be introduced into a subterranean formation and allowed to set therein.

Abstract: The gel time of a grouting system may be controlled by providing a resin component separated by a catalyst component, where a carbon component is included in the catalyst component. The catalyst component may include an inhibitor such as a phenolic compound, and/or the resin component may include a promoter such as an aniline compound.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for proving the quality of a jet grouting body. Such a jet grouting body is produced by means of a drilling and grouting linkage assembly. An extraction device according to the invention for extracting a suspension from such a jet grouting body comprises: a first segment with a cavity comprising a fluid, in particular a liquid, in which a first chamber is provided, the volume of which can be modified and which is connected with an opening for extracting a specimen, and a further segment which is intended to receive the fluid from the cavity. By receiving the fluid in the further segment, the volume of the first chamber can be enlarged; furthermore the extraction device can be integrated in a drilling and grouting linkage assembly.

Abstract: A device and a method for surveying jet grouting piles in a subsoil, which is suitable for a drilling and grouting linkage assembly for creating a hole and a jet grouting pile in a region of the hole. A measurement device is integrated in the drilling and grouting linkage assembly and comprises a scanning element that is movable from a retracted position to an extended position. The scanning element is deflected inside the measurement device through a retraction and extension housing mounted on the measurement device. The scanning element comprises at least in segments a shape-memory alloy.

Abstract: A system for the levelling and consoliation of the sea bed that comprises of a suction hood (1) driven into the ground, a pieza (2) coiled into the hood (1), some L-shaped tubes (3) welded to the part (2), some tubes (4) connected perpendicularly to each one of the horizontal stretches of the tubes (3), some inclined continuous plates (5) on the free ends of the tubes (4), some tubes connected telescopically (6) on the inside of the suction hood and a pinion (7) that allows the tubes to turn (3). Furthermore, for the consolidation of the sea bed, comprised of a hopper (8) in which the grout that is going to be used is stored to consolidate the ground, some bombas de cavidad progresiva that are located inside the vertical part of the tubes (3) and some pinions connected to the axle of the pumps.

Abstract: A directional fracture grouting method with polymer for seepage control of dikes and dams includes the steps of: arranging a plurality of directional fracture grouting holes at a predetermined distance along the axis of the dike or dam; forming the directional fracture grouting holes by pushing a special drilling tool; placing a hole-sealing grouting pipe and a fracture grouting pipe into each of the directional fracture holes; and injecting including the steps of firstly injecting a small amount of polymer material into the sealing-hole pipe, and secondly injecting predetermined amount of material into the fracture grouting pipe. Under the chemical reaction, the mixed material expands, fractures the soil along the guided directions, and forms a super thin polymer segment. Finally, the polymer segments are overlapped each other, and the seepage control system is constructed inside the dike or dam.

Abstract: A soil processing tool for delivering a fluid slurry may include a barrel section to define placement of the fluid slurry, a core section being in a spaced relationship to the barrel section, and a flight section formed between the core section and the barrel section. The soil processing tool may include a first cutting tip to reduce debris and the barrel section may include a lower edge including a second cutting tip to reduce debris. The flight section may include a leading edge including a third cutting tip to reduce debris, and the core section may include a fourth cutting tip to reduce debris. The core section may include a first nozzle to dispense the fluid slurry, and the fluid slurry may be concrete slurry. The nozzle may be located approximately in the midsection of the core section, and the core section may include a second nozzle approximately in the bottom of the core section. The flight member may be inclined with respect to the core section.

Abstract: A method of installing a stabiliser into a hole provided in an area to be stabilised, the method comprising the step of providing a filler material adapted to be associated with a stabiliser, the filler material, in association with the stabiliser, enabling frictional engagement of the stabiliser with a surrounding environment to be less than the tensile strength of the stabiliser.

Abstract: A pumpable inflatable crib bag assembly for supporting a mine roof which includes a generally cylindrical bag having top and bottom ends for retaining and confining a liquid settable grout to be pumped into the bag. The bag further includes an inner generally cylindrical mesh reinforcement disposed within and generally coextending with the bag. This generally cylindrical mesh reinforcement is spaced from an inner wall of the bag and is permeable to the liquid settable grout whereby the liquid settable grout may be pumped through a fill port into the bag to thereby fill the bag and encapsulate the mesh reinforcement. The liquid settable grout is pumped through a fill port which is adjacent the top end of the bag.

Abstract: A packer structure for grouting injects a repair liquid into a crack of a concrete structure. The packer structure includes a packer body having a flange adhered onto the crack and a central tube extending upwards from a central portion of the flange, an elastic tube having a first end connected to a first coupling portion of the central tube, a repair liquid injecting tube having a second coupling portion connected to a second end of the elastic tube and a check valve coupled to the repair liquid injecting tube and preventing the repair liquid from flowing backward; a first coupling cap having an inner circumference surface of a lower portion screwed to the central tube, and a second coupling cap having an inner circumference surface of an upper portion screwed to the repair liquid injecting tube.

Abstract: A grouting material which contains a fine particle material having a Blaine specific surface area of 5000 cm2/g or more, containing 30 to 60% by mass of cement clinker, 40 to 70 % by mass of and blast-furnace slag and 0.5 to 3 parts by mass of gypsum in terms of SO3 based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of cement clinker and blast-furnace slag, and further contains (i) 4 to 8 parts by mass of calcium-aluminate-based rapid-hardening admixture, (ii) 0.05 to 0.2 parts by mass of setting retarder and (iii) 0.5 to 1.7 parts by mass of high-performance water-reducing agent, based on 100 parts by mass of the fine particle material.

Abstract: A directional fracture grouting method with polymer for seepage control of dikes and dams includes the steps of: arranging a plurality of directional fracture grouting holes at a predetermined distance along the axis of the dike or dam; forming the directional fracture grouting holes by pushing a special drilling tool; placing a hole-sealing grouting pipe and a fracture grouting pipe into each of the directional fracture holes; and injecting including the steps of firstly injecting a small amount of polymer material into the sealing-hole pipe, and secondly injecting predetermined amount of material into the fracture grouting pipe. Under the chemical reaction, the mixed material expands, fractures the soil along the guided directions, and forms a super thin polymer segment. Finally, the polymer segments are overlapped each other, and the seepage control system is constructed inside the dike or dam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for forming an in situ subterranean soil cement structure wherein a soil processing tool incorporates a novel cyclonic mixing region. The cyclonic mixing region is formed by deflecting a jetstream which initially moves away from a hollow Kelly and, after being deflected, the jetstream is redirected into a direction flowing towards the hollow Kelly. A contoured flight is provided having an exterior contoured surface extending upwardly from a central section of the contoured flight and bends through an angle greater than 110° in order to deflect a jetstream which is directed outwardly from the hollow Kelly back towards the hollow Kelly. By preventing any of the high pressure jetstreams from impacting the side wall of the hole, higher jetstream velocities and pressures may be utilized. Two or more jetstreams may also be utilized to direct their jetstreams around a central horizontal axis to provide the cyclonic mixing region.

Abstract: A device for rock bolting with an adapter device (10) for connection of a drilling machine (3) to a self drilling rock bolt (7), in which the adapter device has an adapter element (14) which is sealingly surrounded by a swivel sleeve (13) for connection to one or more external source for flushing medium (8) and bolt grouting medium (9), and in which the adapter element has a thread for connecting to a corresponding thread on the rock bolt (7), and an integral connection portion for connection to the drilling machine (3).

Abstract: A binder for mine tailings, alluvial sand and other aggregate used as a backfill for an underground void comprises ferrous slag, cement kiln dust and/or lime kiln dust, and Portland cement and/or lime; the binder displays strength characteristics better than or comparable to those achieved with conventional binders based on Portland cement or Portland cement and slag.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for filling and sealing underground voids and the like with use of a grout comprising aggregate coated with a water-activated expanded hydrophobic polymeric resin, such as polyurethane.