Abstract: A cutter body (22, 22') has a slot (26, 26') opening onto its nominal outer cylindrical surface (24) and extending along a plane that intersects the cutter axis (X) at an acute axial rake angle (A). A flat cutter blade insert (40) with an elliptical polycrystalline diamond cutting edge (48) is secured in the slot (26, 26'). The insert (40) is positioned to produce a non-negative radial rake at each point along the cutting edge (48). Preferably, the cutter (20, 20') has a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots (26, 26') and inserts (40). The slots (26') may be arranged in a herringbone pattern to resist delamination of a workpiece. Preferably, the cutter relief angle varies along the insert (40) from a minimum at the leading end (50) to a value at the trailing end (52) equal to the minimum plus the angle between the radial lines of the cylinder (24) through the leading and trailing ends (50, 52), respectively.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool includes a body having a cutting portion and an axis of rotation therethrough. The body has a plurality of helical flutes formed in a circumferential surface of the cutting portion in circumferentially spaced relation to one another and extending helically axially of the cutting portion so as to define a plurality of helical lands of a generally uniform land width spaced circumferentially of the cutting portion from one another. The body has a plurality of helical peripheral cutting edges each defined by a portion of an inner surface of a respective one of the helical flutes facing in a direction of rotation of the body and a surface of the land adjacent to the portion of the inner surface. At least one of the peripheral cutting edges has a helix angle different from helix angles of the other peripheral cutting edges. The peripheral cutting edges are equally spaced circumferentially of the body in at least one plane disposed perpendicularly to the axis of rotation of the body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milling cutter which comprises a body (1) having two indentations (4,5) presenting each a housing (4',5') the body of which makes with the longitudinal axis of the body an helix angle which is not equal to zero. In each housing a cutting insert (6,7) is removably fixed which comprises a corner portion emerging on the frontal face (9) of the body and a main or major cutting edge extending beyond along the external lateral rim of the indentation. The shape of this insert and its position on the cutter are such that the radial cutting angle of the cutter varies in decreasing towards the frontal end of the body, and that the clearance angle of the cutter is constant.

Abstract: A data processing device for machining a three dimensional surface includes a tool locus data generator providing tool shape and dimension indicative information of a machining tool and machining route information, calculating information selected from a curvature, a normal line and a tangential line at a machining point of the three dimensional surface, and calculating the optimum shape of a machining tool and/or controlling condition of the tool based on the calculated information; a device for checking the tool locus data of a machining tool based on a predetermined pattern; and a processor for converting the checked tool locus data into data which is to be inputted into a machine which conducts three dimensional surface machining.

Abstract: A rotary cutter bar for a tree felling apparatus. The bar comprises a cylindrical rod having a plurality of raised cutting teeth on its surface. Each tooth is in the form of a short curved bar. The teeth are located on a plurality of equally spaced-apart, spiral paths extending about the cylindrical surface of the rod from one end to the other. The spiral paths extend at an angle of between 30.degree. and 60.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the rod.

Abstract: A ball end mill having a plurality of throw away inserts. Its body is formed in its hemispherical portion at diametrically opposite positions with insert mounting pockets each having a plurality of insert mounting seats. In each set, an insert having an acruate cutting edge is mounted so that the cutting edges will generate a hemispherical locus with laps of more than a quarter of the length of each cutting edge. The inserts closer to the front end of the body has an axial rake of 0 to 5 degrees, whereas those at the rear have an axial rake of 4 to 8 degrees, the latter having a larger axial rake than that of the former. Further, the insert in each pocket are arranged so that the one at the rear will have the leading end of its cutting edge located on the extension line of the cutting edge of the one in front. Thus, the inserts as a whole form a substantially S-shaped line as viewed form the front of the body.

Abstract: A ball end mill includes a body, an indexable cutter insert and a clamp screw. The body has a recess formed in a forward end portion thereof and a bore formed therein and opening to a bottom face of the recess. The bore includes a cylindrical portion disposed adjacent the bottom face and an internally threaded portion greater in diameter than the internally threaded portion. The insert includes a front face, a rear face and at least two convexly curved side faces. The front face has at least two convexly curved main cutting edges each defined by the intersection of a respective one of the curved side faces with the front face. The insert has an aperture formed therethrough and extending generally perpendicular to the rear face. The insert is releasably mounted in the recess with the rear face held in contact with the bottom face in such a manner that one of the main cutting edges is indexed in a cutting position.

Abstract: An insert rotary cutting tool includes a tool body of a generally circular cross-section having an axis of rotation therethrough and having an outer periphery. The cutting tool has plural groups of cutting inserts releasably mounted on the outer periphery of the body with the groups being spaced circumferentially of the body from each other. The inserts of each group are displaced circumferentially of the body and spaced axially of the body. Each of the inserts has a plurality of main cutting edges and is disposed in such a manner that one of the main cutting edges is indexed in a peripheral cutting position to serve as a peripheral cutting edge. The indexed peripheral cutting edges of the inserts are in series axially of the body as viewed circumferentially of the body. The indexed peripheral cutting edges of the inserts of each group have foremost ends disposed on a common helical line extending helically axially of the body.

Abstract: Ball nose end mill and method of manufacturing replaceable on-edge high positive single cutting edge triangular inserts each with a pair of dovetail side walls firmly secured by a central screw in a matching dovetail body pocket. Right cylindrical or conical segment convex surface terminating in arcuate cutting edge for generating hemispherical segment is pressed on powdered metal blank with positive rake angle by oblique faced punch and reaction end of uniform straight triangular wall die inherently developing the dovetail side walls.

Abstract: In a milling cutter, particularly a planer face-milling cutter having at least one blade arranged in a groove of the cylindrical milling cutter body, which blade has a spiral shaped cutting edge, both the sides of the groove which runs at an angle greater than zero degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the milling cutter body and the side surfaces of the blade to be secured in the groove are planar parallel surfaces. The edge forming the cutting edge of the blade is bulged over the entire length of the blade to provide a uniform spacing above the outer peripheral surface of the milling cutter body. The spiral shape of the cutting edge of the blade is formed by a corresponding ground surface on the edge zone of the blade forming the cutting edge.

Abstract: A drill bit tip construction wherein the cutting edge at the tip of the drill bit is arranged to cause fragmentation of the chips being removed from the work metal during the drilling operation. The cutting edge of the drill bit at the drilling tip is made to be wavy and, in the illustrated embodiment, is defined by a plurality of segmentally cylindrical grooves extending parallel to the longitudinal extent of the flutes at the tip. In the illustrated embodiment, the grooves have a radius of approximately 0.05" and a length substantially greater than the radius to permit repeated resharpening of the drill bit with resultant reforming of the desired wavy cutting edge in the resharpened tip. In the illustrated embodiment, the cutting edge is formed in an insert secured as by brazing in a diametric slot at the tip. The insert may be formed of a carbide material having optimum cutting characteristics. The grooves are provided in the insert by use of an electric discharge wire cutting machine.

Abstract: A reamer is provided with teeth (3) having a cutting portion (4) and a smoothing portion (5), wherein at least part of the rear surface of the latter portion is fashioned as a strip. Each tooth (3) has its front angle smoothly decreasing in the direction away from the head portion (6) of the reamer.

Abstract: A cutter of a tip dresser for welding gun has three blades, one of which is extended to a central position of the cutter and includes a flat portion and an upstanding portion. A cutting edge is formed on the flat portion reaching from the central position to the upstanding portion. With such arrangement of the cutter, the tip is satisfactorily cut by the cutting edge even in the vicinity of the central position where its circumferential speed is slow.

Abstract: A face milling cutting tool comprises a cutter body and cutting bits or tips mounted thereon and is characterized in that each cutting tip: is of flat shape with at least one cutting edge of convexly curved contour and has at one part of its peripheral surface a rake surface; is so tangentially mounted that a front clearance face thereof leaves an axial relief angle relative to the surface of workpiece being machined; and is so mounted that the radial rake angle of the curved cutting edge is of a large negative value. The contour shape of a cutting tip may be substantially triangular, rectangular, parallelogrammatic, circular, elliptical, or any other suitable closed figure, or a combination of any of such contour shapes.

Abstract: An insert rotary cutter for processing a metal workpiece includes a cutter body of a generally circular cross-section having an axis of rotation therethrough. The cutter includes one or more cutter inserts releasably mounted on a periphery of the cutter body. The insert includes a generally quadrilateral plate defined by a front face, a rear face disposed generally parallel to the front face and four side faces. The insert has a pair of main cutting edges defined by the front face and one pair of the opposite side faces. The pair of opposite side faces serve as respective rake surfaces for the main cutting edges. Each of the rake surfaces is convexly curved in such a manner that the width of the insert between the rake surfaces is larger at a central portion of each main cutting edge than at opposite ends of the main cutting edge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tool preferably for turning, and an insert therefor. The tool comprises a shank (11) upon which a loop-shaped outer disc (12) is secured. An inner disc (13) is displaceably arranged between the arms of the outer disc (12). A screw (15) is arranged to push the inner disc (13) forwards relative to the outer disc during inward screwing, such that the fore ends of the inner disc force the lower face of the insert against the upper face of the shank (11). The insert (14) is provided with a hole which is arranged to be wedged up on a pin (36) extending in the hole during a forward movement of the insert at the same time as the pin and the hole comprise cooperating surfaces to force the lower face of the insert against the upper face of the shank.

Abstract: A replaceable on-edge cutting insert is especially adapted for use in end-milling cutters of small diameter, viz., in the size range down to one-half inch in diameter, and with cutting geometry which positions the rake face of the insert in the cutter body with substantially neutral radial rake and positive axial rake. A modified form having a cylindrical primary clearance land is used in the tip cutting positions of a ballnose end mill.

Abstract: An insert rotary cutter for processing a metal workpiece includes a cutter body having an axis of rotation therethrough. The cutter includes at least one cutter insert releasably mounted on an outer periphery of the body. The insert is of a generally polygonal shape having a curved front face. The front face has a pair of opposed marginal ridges serving as respective main cutting edges. The front face has marginal portions disposed adjacent and extending along the main cutting edges, and the marginal portions serve as respective rake surfaces for the main cutting edges. Each of the rake surface is convexly curved as viewed from a respective one of the main cutting edges and is concavely curved as viewed along a respective one of the main cutting edges.

Abstract: An oblique edged cutting tool comprises a holder at the front end of which is formed an inclined surface on which a tip is detachably mounted by means of an attaching member. The tip to be used is of an indexable throw-away type having an outer configuration radially symmetrical about its geometric center and the tip is provided with a curved cutting edge on the outer periphery thereof. The tip is attached to the holder of the oblique edged cutting tool so that the tip is positioned so that the curved cutting edge of the tip projects outwardly towards the surface of a work to be machined.

Abstract: A carbide tipped, ball bearing guided router bit has specially shaped cutting edges. It trims the overhanging edge of a plastic laminate cemented to a supporting base so that it is flush with the edge of the supporting base with the upper portion of the trimmed edge gently curved. It exposes only a minimum of the core of the laminate to view. The shape of the cutting edge includes a first straight portion at an acute angle to the axis of rotation, an arcuate portion and a second straight portion. The two straight portions are tangential to the arcuate portion at each end of the arc.

Abstract: Circular chip control insert including a plurality of peripheral arcuate scallops having adjacent intersections terminating in points at the cutting edge of the insert providing a wedge effect in dividing and breaking chips.

Abstract: The cutting tips (1, 2, 3, 4) consist of sectors of an annulus, the surface corresponding to the inner arc being a segment of a cylinder in contact with a ball (11) fastened to the axle of rotation of the tool-holder (5). The tips (1, 2, 3, 4) are sharpened into a cone by means of circular grinding on their surface (1a, 2a, 3a, 4a) corresponding to the outer arc, being fastened in one and the same plane on a grinding assembly, their inner arc being in contact with an axle having the same radius as the ball (11).The invention is used on rotary tools with multiple cutting edges, especially on spherical milling cutters and reamers.

Abstract: A cutting tool, for example a milling cutter, capable of omini-directional machining of a workpiece as disclosed. In a preferred form, the cutting tool is embodied as a ball nosed end mill having a cylindrical shank terminating in a spherically shaped cutting end with recesses shaped for receipt of at least two indexable cutting inserts, each insert mounted in lay-down fashion, and providing a portion of an effective overall arcuate cutting edge, the cutting zones of each insert overlapping each other. Each insert has the form of an equilateral polygon bounded by planar flanks, each flank intersecting a convex portion of a major face of an insert to form an arcuate cutting edge. The convex major face portion forms the clearance face and the planar flank portion the rake face for each associated arcuate cutting edge.

Abstract: A cutter body has a plurality of detachable blades mounted in a cutter body plate which extends into a hub that is mounted on a power shaft. Each blade comprises an upper blade edge and a lower blade edge held in place by a block which is removably retained on the cutter body by means of setscrews. Accordingly, it is unnecssary to weld or braze any of the parts in place.

Abstract: A cutting tool is disclosed, particularly a ball track milling cutter, comprising a tool holder in which a turnover cutting disc is received that includes four cutting edges of circular arc segment shape. The cutting disc is received in a slot dividing the tool holder into two clamping jaws and is adapted to be clamped in position by a clamping screw which extends diametrically and passes through the cutting disc in the area of an opening. In addition to the clamping screw a thrust piece is provided to press the cutting disc with two cutting flanks axially against abutment faces at the bottom of the slot.

Abstract: An indexable ball nose end mill is disclosed comprising an elongated tool holder having an insert clamped on one end. The insert is indexable such that when one cutting edge has become dull, the insert can be reversed end-for-end to use the cutting edge along the opposite side. The insert is clamped in its position between one end of the holder body and a cap having three protuberances. Two of the protuberances are received in a pair of generally frusto-conical recesses in the insert, and the third is received in a third opening in the body. A threaded fastener connects the cap to the body to clamp the insert in its cutting position. In another embodiment of the invention, two indexable inserts are mounted on the holder body.

Abstract: A rotating bit, particularly a rotary bit, is provided with a plurality of teeth incorporating diamond cutting elements of a first and second type. Each type of tooth is particularly adapted to cut a particular type of rock formation. For example, the plurality of the first type of teeth are particularly designed to cut soft to medium-hard rock formations, and the plurality of the second type of teeth are particularly adapted to cut hard or abrasive rock formations. In one embodiment, the first type of teeth are set on the bit face to have a greater exposure from the bit face than the second type of teeth. In that case, the first type of teeth will engage the rock formation first. A second embodiment has the relative disposition of the first and second types of teeth as measured by their disposition from the axis of rotation on the bit reversed.

Abstract: A milling cutter for a crankshaft milling machine includes a disk, a plurality of generally square-shaped tips mounted on the disk and a plurality of forming tips mounted on the disk. The square-shaped tips and the forming tips are alternately arranged in two rows for effecting simultaneous machining of both end portions of each crank or main bearing.Each square-shaped tip is arranged to machine main and crank bearings and rounded corners of the bearings while each forming tip is mounted to machine side walls of webs between the bearings, shoulders each provided between the respective bearings and webs, the rounded corners and the main and the crank bearings.

Abstract: A circular cutter having side milling teeth formed on curves that continuously change from a zero or positive rake to a greater and greater negative rake, the curves being generally convex.

Abstract: An indexable finishing insert is disclosed formed from a flat wafer of cutting material having front and rear planar rake surfaces and a plurality of edge faces disposed therebetween. The rake faces are generally of equilateral, polygonal configuration with the side edges thereof corresponding to the cutting edges of the insert. The cutting edges are arcuate and have a radius of curvature several times greater than the width of the planar surfaces. The intermediate portion of each edge face is substantially planar and defines a locating land for facilitating the mounting of the insert within the pocket of a milling cutter. At least a portion of the opposed ends of each edge face is curved and sloped away from the front rake surface in order to provide clearance along the edge faces when the insert is mounted on a cutting tool at an angle between the rake surfaces and the workpiece.

Abstract: A cutting tool insert for precision radial machining comprises two cutting faces and is adapted to be fitted in the strap of a tool holder. Said insert consists of two opposed identical frustoconical portions having a common circular base forming the median plane of the disk of which the longitudinal median plane is aligned with the axis of rotation of the tool holder and intersects with the center of the common base circle. Each of said portions has a cutting face in the median plane which is disposed symmetrically on either side of said axis; the cutting faces are obtained by cutting the relevant frustoconical portions depthwise along the median plane and bound by an inclined plane. The disk may also be made of two separate, identical portions.

Abstract: A circular saw blade having mounted on the outer circumference thereof a plurality of spaced conical teeth in lobes separated by aerodynamically designed gullets. The teeth are integral portions of elongated shafts and the axis of the elongated shaft is mounted at a slight angle from the perpendicular to a radius of the blade itself. The gullet is of a configuration wherein the turbulence created by the blade moving rapidly through the air generates an outward flow of air removing the particulate waste generated thereby eliminating clogging and the resultant friction.

Abstract: A drilling bit has cutting edges radiating from its axis, each being a segmental part of a circular cutter the axis of which is substantially tangential to a circle centered on the bit axis, the cutters being at different distances from the bit axis. The cutters may be rotated to enable worn cutting edges to be replaced and the extremities of all cutting edges are substantially in a plane normal to the bit axis.

Abstract: A milling cutter rotatable about a central axis in a predetermined rotational sense has a plurality of helical blades separated by helical flutes and each formed with a row of teeth each having an axially directed end flank and a radially outwardly turned side flank. Each of the side flanks is inclined toward the axis by an angle between 3.degree. and 15.degree. from a high end at the respective end flank to a low end. Each of the teeth is further formed with a rounded chamfer at the high end and between the flanks. Each of the rows of teeth is axially offset from the circumferentially flanking rows with the rounded chamfers of each row being aligned circumferentially relative to the rotational sense behind the respective low ends of the row in front.