Abstract: A milling tool having replaceable straight elongated inserts that provide a helical cutting action. The tool has grooves formed at an angle with the longitudinal axis of the tool, the grooves have flat surfaces. Wedge means secure the respective inserts in respective grooves of the tool. The wedge means each have a plurality of apertures on the surface bearing against the insert, and coolant fluid under pressure is provided through said apertures to exit adjacent the cutting edge of said insert and against the work surface.

Abstract: An end-mill tool has at least one low helix angle flute, or primary flute) and at least two low helix angle flutes, or secondary flutes. The primary and secondary flutes intersect to define a plurality of compound helical cutting surfaces. Each of the compound cutting surfaces includes a cutting edge having a leading portion formed adjacent one of the primary flutes and a trailing portion formed adjacent one of the secondary flutes.

Abstract: The present invention provides an end-mill tool which includes a shank, a point, and a main body portion located intermediate the shank and the point. A first flute is formed on the main body portion along a first helix. A second flute is formed on the main body portion along a second helix. The first and second flutes preferably extend helically along the body of the tool. Two distinct helical cutting surfaces are defined by the first flute and the second flute. The point of the tool includes two additional cutting edges formed by ears extending outward from the point of the tool adjacent the first flute and the second flute.

Abstract: A cutting tool having a body that is cylindrical in shape having a shank at one end and a cutting end opposite thereof. The cutting end has an even number of flutes thereon with every other flute being a cutting flute, such as a knuckle flute including a radial knuckle flute and a flat crested knuckle flute, or a diamond cut flute that cuts material. Every other flute therebetween the cutting flutes are wiper flutes that wipe or clean the cut material. The wiper flutes have a larger diameter than the cutting flutes thereby enabling the wiper flutes to remove any unnecessary debris and finish the material in a single step.

Abstract: A center cutting or plunging end mill or ball nose end mill has one or more spiral grooves and flutes in the walls of a mill body of cemented tungsten carbide. Each groove includes polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride formed in situ along a leading edge of each flute. Such a groove extends across the cutting end of the mill so that the mill can be used for center cutting or plunging. The vein of diamond-like material may extend to the center of the mill body or may extend almost all of the way to the center, leaving an area of tungsten carbide exposed at the center of the mill body. A high temperature-high pressure press is used for forming the polycrystalline diamond-like veins in situ within the grooves in the mill.

Abstract: An improved solid cemented carbide ball nose end mill is provided which enables a cutting of a quenched or hardened difficult-to-machine material without any chipping or break of edge under the condition of a high speed and high load cutting. The improved end mill comprises a substantially semi-spherical ball nose portion provided with such cutting edges as to form a virtually S-shaped symmetrical configuration as viewed from the tip end and a tool body integral with said ball nose portion and having a peripheral cylindrical portion being provided with no peripheral cutting edge and a shank at the rear end thereof. The cutting edges extending from the tip end of the ball nose portion to the respective terminals positioned at the furthest at the vicinity of the border between the ball nose portion and the tool body are formed in the ball nose portion only. Preferably, each of a rake angle and a relief angle of the cutting edge is set between 0.degree. and -10.degree., and between 6.degree. and 16.degree.

Abstract: An end-mill tool has at least one low helix angle flute, or primary flute) and at least two low helix angle flutes, or secondary flutes. The primary and secondary flutes intersect to define a plurality of compound helical cutting surfaces. Each of the compound cutting surfaces includes a cutting edge having a leading portion formed adjacent one of the primary flutes and a trailing portion formed adjacent one of the secondary flutes.

Abstract: An apparatus for smoothing a workpiece has a housing that is displaced relative to the workpiece in a direction and that carries a pair of augers provided with respective screwthreads having outer edges in contact with the workpiece. These augers are rotated on the housing about respective generally parallel axes transverse to the direction so as to scrape the workpiece with the screwthreads. Furthermore the augers are of such a hand and the are rotated in such a direction that the augers exert on the workpiece opposite axially directed forces.

Abstract: A multiple fluted helical end mill with at least two flutes. Each flute includes a plurality of inserts secured therein. The inserts are all identical. The inserts in different flutes being secured therein at different rake angles. The different rake angles resulting in different effective axial lengths of the inserts. This different effective length of inserts in adjacent flutes results in all effective cutting and it is particularly beneficial where the inserts in a given flute do not have overlapping cutting edges.

Abstract: A indexable end mill of the present invention comprises a helical flute formed in the outer periphery of a shank as inclined at a required angle with respect to the axis of the shank, a plurality of indexable inserts attached to places in the helical flute rearwardly with respect to the axis of the rotated shank as spaced at required intervals along the helical flute, and recesses defined in the outer periphery of the shank as interposed between the indexable inserts.

Abstract: An insert made of an ultra-high-pressure sintered compact and including no base metal or support layer is brazed to a tool body under vacuum by use of a Ti-containing activated silver brazing filler metal. This method permits the insert to be securely fixed to the tool body without fear of the insert coming off the tool body even if the tool is a helical one. Because no base metal layer is needed, the manufacturing yield, efficiency and productivity are improved.

Abstract: An end mill (10) has a cylindrical shank (12) with a longitudinal axis (22). Attached to the cylindrical shank (12) is a center flute (14) having a cutting edge (18) extending beyond the longitudinal axis (22). A non-center flute (16) is also attached to the cylindrical shank (12). The center flute (14) has a first rake angle (32) and the non-center flute (16) has a second rake angle (32) not equal to the first axial rake.

Abstract: A spiral end mill which can mill a substantially sharp inside corner of a work surface and attain a stable working accuracy for a long time. The spiral end mill has a hard sintered compact insert portion, a negative relief face a first circular land provided along the outer periphery of the insert portion, and a second circular land on the negative relief face so as to be continuous with the first circular land. The widths of the two circular lands may be the same as or different from each other, and the helix angle of a back line of the second circular land is less than that of the first circular land. A method of manufacturing the spiral end mill involves machining a relief angle in the outer periphery of the insert portion while changing the helix angle between the negative relief face and the rest of the outer periphery.

Abstract: A center cutting or plunging end mill or ball nose end mill has one or more spiral grooves and flutes in the walls of a mill body of cemented tungsten carbide. Each groove includes polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride formed in situ along a leading edge of each flute. Such a groove extends across the cutting end of the mill so that the mill can be used for center cutting or plunging. The vein of diamond-like material may extend to the center of the mill body or may extend almost all of the way to the center, leaving an area of tungsten carbide exposed at the center of the mill body. A high temperature-high pressure press is used for forming the polycrystalline diamond-like veins in situ within the grooves in the mill.

Abstract: A cutting insert having helically arranged teeth, each comprising a six sided block having two major parallel rhomboid-shaped plane surfaces constituting a seating face and a clearance face respectively, two opposed minor side surfaces constituting cutting faces extending between the seating and clearance faces, each cutting face forming an acute angle with the clearance face and forming a cutting edge along the intersection therewith, and two minor parallel plane end faces extending between the seating face and the two cutting faces. Each cutting face has a concave curvature located centrally of its major dimension, and a convex curvature at each end of its major dimension to define a serpentine cutting face and cutting edge.

Abstract: A router bit for laterally cutting through sheets of wood product, such as plywood and the like. The bit includes a shank portion adapted to be gripped in the chuck of a router, a fluted portion, and a tip. The fluted portion has two helical left-hand flutes. Each flute has a cutting edge and a web portion having a convex surface that extends rearwardly and immediately inwardly from the cutting edge, without a land, in a continuous curve. The flutes are formed by parabolic grinding. In one embodiment the tip is conical in shape and has two diametrically opposed tip flutes for cutting axially into a workpiece. In another embodiment the tip is flat and the bit is adapted only to cut laterally through the workpiece.

Abstract: A highly stiff end mill comprising a shank, a plurality of helix cutting edges on the periphery of the end mill, the end mill being characterized in that a radial rake angle of the helix cutting edges in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the end mill is set in the range of -29.degree. to 0.degree. and a core diameter of the end mill is set in the range of 70 to 90% of the outside diameter of the end mill.By selectively determining the negative rake angle in the range described above, this end mill is applicable to hard materials and has general-purpose properties. The improper factors of the end mill, such as increased cutting resistance, can be compensated for by setting the core diameter thereof to the range described above. This end mill is also structured to be able to cut materials with less hardness values as well as hard materials, thereby covering a wide range of applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cutting tool having twisted edge in a blade part, having a sintered compact with higher hardness and higher wear resistance than a base sintered body buried and affixed along the twisted edge, and its manufacturing method. The blade part of the cutting tool comprises the base sintered body having a twisted groove in the position of forming the twisted edge on the outer circumference, and the sintered compact of high harndess and high wear resistance applied and buried in the twisted groove and affixed to the base sintered body by sintering, and the twisted edge is formed on the sintered compact of high hardness and high wear resistance.

Abstract: A tool for cutting an access hole in plasterboard which is mounted to a wall stud. The tool includes a housing portion, a plug or connector portion and a cutting element such as a screw which has a head and a threaded shank. The housing portion has an exit opening, an interior cavity which forms a seat for the head of the cutting portion and a bore which extends from the exit opening to the cavity. The shank of the screw extends freely through the bore and beyond the exit opening. The plug or connector portion of the tool is threaded into the housing and engages the head of the screw for fixing the screw relative to the housing and includes a shank for insertion into the jaw or chuck of a rotary drive mechanism for rotating the cutting element about its central longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A router type cutter (1) has at one end thereof a drive spigot (2) adapted to be clamped in a rotatable toolholder of a machine tool, at least one helix (3) extending part-way along the cutter (1) from the other end, onto a cutting edge of which helix (3) is brazed a tungsten carbide insert (10) having a non-linear cutting profile along its end face (12).

Abstract: A reamer for shaping a socket, such as a hip socket, comprising a cutter head located at one end of a rotatably driven shaft and having a hemispherical portion with a hemispherical exterior surface, the hemispherical portion containing a closed hollow chamber, and helical openings, such as slots, in said hemispherical portion connecting between the exterior surface and the chamber, the trailing portion of each of the openings having a cutting edge raised slightly above the hemispherical surface to move material from the socket into the chamber during rotation of the cutter head, and an attachment element for connecting and disconnecting the cutter head and the drive shaft.

Abstract: A tapered slot end mill comprising a shank and a tapered section having a polygonal shape and disposed at the end of the shank, the tapered section being adapted such that the edge formed at each vertex of the polygonal shape along the axis of the end mill is tapered to have a smaller diameter at the end of the end mill and has a helix form, a pair of end cutting edges formed symmetrically at the ends of the edges, with a part of the edge included in the end cutting edge, and a pair of peripheral cutting edges are respectively provided adjacent to the end cutting edges via rake angle surfaces, and the end mill being characterized in that the helix is formed in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the end mill.

Abstract: A nicked cutting tool enables high speed cutting in cutting process of advanced materials such as compound materials. The nicked cutting tool has a cylindrical main body with one end forming a cutting part and the other end a shank part to be mounted on a rotary driving means, and its base body is of cemented carbide. The cutting part comprises an even number of spiral twisted grooves formed on the circumferential face, lands formed between the twisted grooves, cutting edges along one edge of each land which are of sinter of high hardness nad high wear resistance and fitted and unified by sintering to the base body, plural nicks disposed on the lands and sharp outer edges formed between the nicks on the lands.

Abstract: An end mill for finishing the face or side of hard work comprising a shank, a plurality of helix cutting edges on the periphery of the end mill, and a cutting edge section perpendicular to the axis of the end mill having a polygonal shape with three or more angles, the cutting edge being the edge formed at each vertex of the polygonal shape along the axis of the end mill and being circumscribed by an imaginary cylinder, and the end mill being characterized in that the helix direction of the cutting edge is identical to the rotational direction of the end mill. The end mill of the present invention is able to cut the face or side of the hard work at a feed rate several times higher than that of conventional end mills. Moreover, the end mill of the present invention assures superior surface roughness of finished work.

Abstract: An end mill is disclosed which includes a tool body having a shaft-like shape. The tool body has a cutting edge portion formed at one end thereof. The cutting edge portion has a plurality of circumferential cutting edges formed on the circumference thereof along the longitudinal axis of the tool body. The end mill is characterized in that the cutting edge portion has the circumferential surface thereof which includes rake faces and flanks. Each of the rake faces adjoins one of two adjacent circumferential cutting edges. Each of the flanks intersects with one of the rake faces at one end and adjoins the other of the two adjacent circumferential cutting edges at the other end. The rake faces have a rake angle arranged between a range of 5.degree. to -45.degree. at a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the tool body. The flanks have a relief angle arranged between a range of 20.degree. to 45.degree. at a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the tool body.

Abstract: A router bit for providing smooth finish cuts in soft metal, such as aluminum, includes a plurality of helical cutting edges that are disposed at a helix angle of 45 degrees. The cutting edges each include a cutting face having a positive rake angle of approximately 18 degrees, and a land portion having a primary relief angle of approximately 14 degrees, and a secondary relief angle of approximately 20 degrees. The bit shank is preferably 3/8 inch in diameter to increase rigidity. The combination of these specific angles and the shank diameter provides a cutting bit that can cut soft aluminum with a resultant finish that meets or exceeds aircraft industry standards.

Abstract: Disclosed is a bit which can be cut both axially and laterally, and which is especially useful to cut an access opening in a sheetrock panel covering an electrical outlet box. The bit self-guides itself laterally around the periphery of the outlet box so that the opening will correspond to the shape of the box. The configuration of the bit permits it to be made in an unusually small diameter so as to minimize the width of the slot it cuts.

Abstract: An improved rotary cutting end mill which includes an arcuate shaped circular land on the first relief wall which contacts the cutting edge and a slightly angled cutting end. This end mill yields a smooth finished surface on the work piece and can be used at higher rotary speeds. This end mill shows less corner wear, improved rigidity and is operated with less operating noise.

Abstract: A cermet solid end mill having a helix angle of 45 to 50 degrees and being composed essentially of NbC-TiC-TiN-based composition and being far superior to conventional end mills in cutting characteristics, i.e., cutting length, tool life and durability.

Abstract: In a milling cutter for milling work with a setting angle of preferably 90.degree., the face cutting edges (1a, 2a) and the peripheral cutting edges (1, 2) are orientated in opposite directions for the chip removal. The peripheral cutting edges (1, 2) operating in each case in the milling direction each take up half the width of the entire milling cutter, as a result of which the latter can be used as a reversible milling cutter.

Abstract: A cutter body (22, 22') has a slot (26, 26') opening onto its nominal outer cylindrical surface (24) and extending along a plane that intersects the cutter axis (X) at an acute axial rake angle (A). A flat cutter blade insert (40) with an elliptical polycrystalline diamond cutting edge (48) is secured in the slot (26, 26'). The insert (40) is positioned to produce a non-negative radial rake at each point along the cutting edge (48). Preferably, the cutter (20, 20') has a plurality of circumferentially spaced slots (26, 26') and inserts (40). The slots (26') may be arranged in a herringbone pattern to resist delamination of a workpiece. Preferably, the cutter relief angle varies along the insert (40) from a minimum at the leading end (50) to a value at the trailing end (52) equal to the minimum plus the angle between the radial lines of the cylinder (24) through the leading and trailing ends (50, 52), respectively.

Abstract: The invention relates to a milling cutter which comprises a body (1) having two indentations (4,5) presenting each a housing (4',5') the body of which makes with the longitudinal axis of the body an helix angle which is not equal to zero. In each housing a cutting insert (6,7) is removably fixed which comprises a corner portion emerging on the frontal face (9) of the body and a main or major cutting edge extending beyond along the external lateral rim of the indentation. The shape of this insert and its position on the cutter are such that the radial cutting angle of the cutter varies in decreasing towards the frontal end of the body, and that the clearance angle of the cutter is constant.

Abstract: The milling cutter comprises a body (1) having two indentations (4,5) each presenting a housing (4',5') the body of which makes with the longitudinal axis of the body a helix angle which is not equal to zero. In each housing a cutting insert (6,7) is removably fixed which comprises a tip portion emerging on the frontal face (9) of the body and a main cutting edge extending beyond and along the external lateral rim of the indentation. The position and the shape of this insert are such that the radial cutting angle is not equal to zero and is constant, and that the clearance angle is constant with a wedge angle of the insert which is also constant.

Abstract: A rotary cutter bar for a tree felling apparatus. The bar comprises a cylindrical rod having a plurality of raised cutting teeth on its surface. Each tooth is in the form of a short curved bar. The teeth are located on a plurality of equally spaced-apart, spiral paths extending about the cylindrical surface of the rod from one end to the other. The spiral paths extend at an angle of between 30.degree. and 60.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the rod.

Abstract: A cutting tool for a planer or similar machine is described. The tool comprises a flat blade having a straight cutting edge, a blade holder for holding said blade for rotation about an axis and means for locating said blade on said holder to have said blade present one cutting angle at one axial end and a different cutting angle at an opposite axial end, and to have the two opposite axial ends of the cutting edge of the blade located substantially at the same distance from the axis of rotation of the blade holder.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary tool having at least one replaceable cutting blade, the or each received in a channel and clamped firmly therein. The tool body has a passage in each channel which receives a safety member in the form of a pin projecting into a recess in the blade. In normal use the pin remains out of contact with the walls of the blade recess, engaging with the recess only if the clamping means fail, so as to restrain the blade from falling out of the channel.

Abstract: The head (1) of the planing tool includes a plurality of helical grooves (2) of dovetail cross-section uniformly distributed over its periphery. Wedging devices (6) with knives (5) resting thereon are insertable sideways in the grooves. Disposed in each wedging device is a securing arrangement (7), actuation of which causes the associated wedging device-and-knife assembly to be pressed against the outwardly tapering sidewalls (17, 18) of the respective groove and held fast. Each of the knives has two opposite cutting edges (19, 20), either of which can be brought into operating position by reversing the knife. A second groove (16) runs parallel to each first groove (2) for receiving a guide component of a knife-aligning device. Owing to the helical configuration of the grooves and the precisely aligned cutting edges of the reusable knives disposed in the grooves, vibration-free machining of workpieces with planing widths of up to more than two meters is possible.

Abstract: In a milling cutter, particularly a planer face-milling cutter having at least one blade arranged in a groove of the cylindrical milling cutter body, which blade has a spiral shaped cutting edge, both the sides of the groove which runs at an angle greater than zero degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the milling cutter body and the side surfaces of the blade to be secured in the groove are planar parallel surfaces. The edge forming the cutting edge of the blade is bulged over the entire length of the blade to provide a uniform spacing above the outer peripheral surface of the milling cutter body. The spiral shape of the cutting edge of the blade is formed by a corresponding ground surface on the edge zone of the blade forming the cutting edge.

Abstract: A spiral four fluted rotary carbide cutter has a one directional helix throughout much of its length, and a reverse directional helix adjacent the cutting end. Opposite lands, between the flutes, have square cornered axially aligned and equally spaced notches; with adjacent lands having the notches intermediately located with respect to each other. All of the notches are at an angle of about 20 degrees with respect to a line perpendicular to the axis of the cutter to in combination provide a cutter for Kevlar containing composite panels.

Abstract: A roughing cutter (14) has a generally cylindrical shank (16) with a plurality of lands (22) and angular flutes (20) with resharpening lips (32) separating the lands. A plurality of straight-crested cutting teeth (24) are formed on the lands with radial relief. Each tooth has a stright cutting edge (28) generally perpendicular to the radial direction. The orientation of the cutting edge permits it to be in parallel relationship to a surface of a workpiece while in cutting engagement. Each tooth has S-shaped side walls (34, 36) with rounded upper portions which are respectively tangential to the crest of the tooth. The rounded upper portions result in reduced power consumption during machining. The teeth of the roughing cutter may be formed by an axially advancing milling cutter with a sloping cutting edge segment (58) and adjoining rounded segments (60, 62).

Abstract: The invention discloses a rotary tool, for example a milling cutter, having a tool body 2 including at least one helical seating channel into which is brazed, bonded or clamped a cutting blade (8, 18, 30). The blade(s) is/are helical strips of high speed steel or tungsten carbide having a leading edge to cut a work piece. A leading face (10) of the blade has wave-form or castellated grooves to give an undulating or serrated leading edge so that the metal removed from the work piece is removed in small clips not in long lengths of swarf. In examples given, the grooves of the leading face are provided with stop ends (26) to act as a brazing or bonding key. An outer surface (36) of the blade may also be undulating, if required.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool consists of a cutting body portion having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of blades separated by flutes extending the length of the cutting body portion. Each of the blades have a leading face side, a trailing face side, and a relieved land surface bridging the leading face side and trailing face side. The relieved land surfaces are interrupted by a plurality of spaced V-shaped notches to form a plurality of cutting edges at the intersection of the leading face side and the relieved land surface. The plurality of spaced V-shaped notches further define a plurality of cutting teeth having a leading face edge, a trailing face edge, and a flat land therebetween. A notch relief groove generates a positive relief at the plurality of cutting edges, leading face edges, and trailing face edges such that the cutting performance of the rotary cutting tool is significantly enhanced.

Abstract: A ball end mill cutter comprises a mill body and a shank portion. The mill body comprises a tapered or non-tapered reference cylindrical surface, a reference semi-spherical surface on the end of the latter and cutting edges continuing between the reference cylindrical and semi-spherical surfaces. A random point on the cutting edges on the reference semi-spherical surface is expressed:When a reference latitudinal plane defines the junction of the reference cylindrical and semi-spherical surfaces, a Serial reference longitudinal (meridian) plane intersects the reference latitudinal plane; a latitudinal angle .gamma. lies between the reference latitudinal plane and a radius line drawn to the reference semi-spherical surface; a helical angle .alpha. lies between a tangential line of a helical cutting edge and the reference longitudinal plane; a longitudinal angle .beta.

Abstract: A rotary cutting tool of the type comprising an elongated cylindrical body having a central axis about which it is rotated for performing cutting or material removal operations during relative movement in directions perpendicular to its axis of rotation. The body includes a shank end portion and a cutting end portion. The cutting end portion includes a plurality of generally continuous cutting edges lying at a uniform radial distance from the axis and extending in generally parallel helical paths about the body. Each of the cutting edges is preferably of generally sinusoidal configuration along its respective helical path with spaced portions of each edge having alternating positive and negative radial rake.

Abstract: A cutting tool revolvable about a center axis, comprising a rake surface defined by a plane inclined with respect to the center axis, a cutting edge having a profile which is defined by an intersecting line between a rotational surface drawn by the revolution of the cutting edge and the inclined plane, and a cylindroid clearance surface having generatrices extending in the same direction along a directrix defined by the cutting edge profile.

Abstract: In a cutter arbor for wood planing machines, continuous flexible non-adjustable pre-ground cutters, to be thrown away after wear, are inserted into helicoidal slots of the arbor itself. These disposable cutters are characterized in that they are thin and of constant cross section throughout their length. They are bowed and have a convex longitudinal edge and a concave longitudinal edge that are parallel to each other. The cutting edge is the convex longitudinal edge. In their undeformed condition, the cutters are uniplanar. The cutters have a cross-sectional area of about 10-15 mm.times.1-1.5 mm, and a radius of the bowed configuration of about 1 m.

Abstract: A hob for making gears comprises a cylindrical mill base and a plurality of helix-like tooth segments positioned on the surface of the mill base adjacent to each other and each having a number of tooth cutters with cutting plates of hard metal. Tooth segments may be interchangeable if they are worn out.

Abstract: In inserted blade rotary end mills having tapered blades inserted in axially extending tapered sockets. The improvement of providing longitudinal interfitting serrations on opposed surfaces of both the inserted blades and sockets to prevent twisting of the blades in the sockets.

Abstract: A machine and a tool for cutting material such as wood and plastics. The tool includes a shank adapted to be fastened to and rotated by a power driven spindle. The tool further includes a cutting part having at least one spiral rib on its outer periphery. The outer periphery of the rib is sharpened on its edge which is adjacent the shank, and the spiral rib has a pitch in the range of approximately 5.degree. to 15.degree.. The machine includes the tool, a drive motor and the spindle, and a support table for supporting a workpiece. The table has an opening formed in it and the tool extends through the opening. The sharpened edge of the rib is adjacent the table.

Abstract: The milling cutter of the invention comprises a cutting section having a plurality of blades positioned on the surface and separated one from the other by flutes. At least two blades have one or more smooth segments, exhibiting an even and unbroken land and cutting edge, interspersed with one or more serrated segments containing a row of cutting teeth. The positions of the smooth and serrated segments are staggered from blade to blade so that in the course of one complete revolution of the cutter, each point along a surface being worked by the cutter will be contacted by at least one smooth segment and at least one serrated segment.