Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method of manufacturing a composite body, such as a ZrB.sub.2 -ZrC-Zr composite body, by utilizing a carburization technique. Moreover, the invention relates to novel products made according to the process. The novel process modifies the residual parent metal which remains in a composite body, by exposing said residual metal to a carburizing environment. Thus, by modifying the composition of residual parent metal, the properties of the resultant composite body can also be modified. Parent metals such as zirconium, titanium, and hafnium are well suited to be treated by the carburizing process according to the present invention.

Abstract: A sintered compact is obtained by sintering a mixture containing about 50 to 75 percent by volume of cubic boron nitride and about 25 to 50 percent of a binder under cBN-stable superhigh pressure conditions. The binder contains about 20 to 50 percent by weight of Al and one or more Ti compounds selected from the group consisting of TiN.sub.z, Ti(C,N).sub.z, TiC.sub.2, (Ti,M)C.sub.z, (Ti,M) (C,N).sub.z and (Ti,M)N.sub.z, wherein M indicates a transition metal of the group IVa, Va or VIa of the periodic table excepting Ti, and wherein z is within a range of 0.5.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.85. The atomic ratio of the content of Ti to that of the transition metal M in the binder is within the range of about2/1.ltoreq.Ti/M.ltoreq.97/3.The binder further contains tungsten or one or more tungsten compounds, whereby the total tungsten concentration in the binder is about 4 to 40 percent by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the preparation of permanent magnet materials of the Iron-Boron-Rare Earth type.

Abstract: A process for the production of a secondary powder composition having a nanocrystalline structure and being comprised of binary or quasi-binary substances composed of at least one of the elements Y, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Mo, Ta and W and at least one of the elements V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Pd, optionally also containing further ingredients, such as Si, Ge, B and/or oxides, nitrides, borides, carbides, and their possible mixed crystals. The components are in powdered form and are mixed in elementary form or as pre-alloys and have particle sizes ranging from 2 to 250 .mu.m. The powder components are subjected to high mechanical forces in order to produce secondary powders having a nanocrystalline structure. The secondary powders obtained in this way can be processed into molded bodies according to known compression molding processes, but at a temperature below the recrystallization temperature.

Abstract: A process of hot pressing of materials to form articles or compacts is characterized by the steps: (A) providing a compactable particulate mixture; (B) uniaxially pressing the particles without heating to provide article or compact (22); (C) placing at least one article or compact (22) in an open pan (31) having an insertable frame (32) with edge surfaces (34) that are not significantly pressure deformable, where the inside side surfaces of the frame are parallel to the central axis B--B of the open pan, and where each article or compact is surrounded by fine particles of a separating material; (D) evacuating air from the container and sealing the articles or compacts inside the container by means of top lid (36); (E) hot pressing the compacts at a pressure from 352.5 kg/cm.sup.2 to 3,172 kg/cm.sup.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing an erosion-resistant layer or coating on the surface of a metallic workpiece. The method includes providing a thermally sprayable alloy of Ni-Cr-Fe-B-Si and thermally spraying the alloy on the workpiece to a specified thickness, following which the sprayed-on layer is heated in vacuum to a temperature between 250.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. for a time at the stated temperature of about 5 to 30 minutes sufficient to effect degassing of the layer. The temperature of the layer is thereafter raised to a range of about 800.degree. C. to 950.degree. C. and maintained at that temperature in vacuum for between 5 to 30 minutes. The temperature at the layer is then raised to between 900.degree. C. and 1100.degree. C. under a protctive atmoshpere at a pressure of between 200 to 600 mm Hg to effect fursion of the layer at above its melting point, following which the coated metallic workpiece is finally cooled to room temperature under the protective atmosphere.

Abstract: A titanium-based metal matrix microcomposite material. About 1% to about 25% by weight TiB.sub.2 is substantially uniformly incorporated in a titanium-based alloy matrix. The microcomposite material is formed by sintering at a temperature selected to preclude diffusion of TiB.sub.2 into the matrix. The microcomposite material may be used in a process for cladding a macrocomposite structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of sintering ceramics and ceramics obtained by said method. According to the present invention, the synthesis and sintering of ceramics can be simultaneously carried out by utilizing the reaction heat generated when at least one metallic element selected from metallic elements of IIIb, IVa, Vb and VIb groups of the Periodic Table is combined with at least one nonmetallic element such as B, C, N and Si without heat or by preliminarily heating the ceramics at temperatures remarkably lower than the usual sintering temperature ceramics, thus-produced are superior in abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A cutting element of flat shape suitable for use as a drill tip comprises a central abrading blade containing more than 80% vol. CBN sandwiched between two lateral support layers. The lateral layers consist of a refractory metal or alloy selected from the group consisiting of tungsten, titanium and alloys thereof. The compact may particularly have a roof or pentagonal shape. An intermediate transition film may be located between the refractory metal or alloy and the CBN blade.

Abstract: This invention concerns a heat treatment method for rare earth type permanent magnets which are primarily of the Nd-Fe-B type. With regard to these permanent magnets, which oxidize rather easily in the air, the alloy is crushed, and either compression formed in a magnetic a non-magnetic field, sintered at 900.degree. to 1,200.degree. C., and then machined into the shape desired, and then solution treated in an atmosphere of oxygen and/or nitrogen at a temperature of 900.degree. to 1,200.degree. C., and then aged at 300.degree. to 900.degree. C. in order that an oxide and/or nitride protective layer of 0.001 to 10 .mu. be formed on the surface of the permanent magnet to prevent corrosion and in order to relieve machining strain.

Abstract: A rare earth metal-iron-boron permanent magnet is produced by the sintering method using a magnetic powder prepared from an ingot of R.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B and another powder prepared from a rapidly-quenched alloy ribbon of R-T-B. R is at least one selected from yttrium and rare earth metals and T is at least one selected from transition metals. The rapidly-quenched alloy powder almost all melts to form a liquidus phase which cements the magnetic particles at a sintering temperature. The liquidus phase generates a magnetic crystalline phase and the solid solution phase upon cooling from the sintering temperature. A comparatively large amount of rapidly-quenched alloy powder is used to produce a magnet having a reduced amount of solid solution phase.

Abstract: A pellet for fabricating a metal matrix composite is made of a mixture of a matrix member of a metal powder and at least one reinforcement selected from whiskers, short fibers and suitable particles, the reinforcement being uniformly distributed in a matrix of the metal powder and said mixture being kept in a shape with a binder, wherein said pellet has a surface layer of dried and rigid portion of said mixture which is rigid enough to keep its shape under an external pressure applied thereto. The pellet is formed from a flat cake of the mixture separated from a slurry consisting of a solution medium and the mixture dispersed therein uniformly. Alternatively, the pellet is formed from the mixture in a dried condition with a granulation binder diluted with a solution medium.

Abstract: A surface structure of A1N substrate comprising:an A1N substrate,an intermediate layer disposed on the A1N substrate, anda metallized layer disposed on said intermediate layer, said intermediate layer comprising at least aluminum, nitrogen and oxygen. The metallized layer has a main component of one of Mo-Mn alloy, Mo and W, and has a thickness of 1-20 .mu.m,This surface structure is produced by coating a surface of A1N substrate with metallizing layer components, heat treating the resultant coated substrate at a temperature of 200.degree.-500.degree. C. under an oxidizing atmosphere, and further heating the heat treated coated substrate at a temperature of 1200.degree.-1400.degree. C. under a nonoxidizing atmosphere having a dew point of -35.degree.to 5.degree. C.

Abstract: A method of making anisotropic permanent magnets by extruding a rare earth magnetic alloy together with an oxygen-getter material at a temperature below the melting point of the alloy at an extrusion ratio of from 10:1 to 26:1.

Abstract: A workable, boron-containing, stainless steel alloy and an article formed therefrom are disclosed together with a process for manufacturing same. The alloy consists essentially of, in weight percent, about______________________________________ w/o ______________________________________ Carbon 0.10 max. Manganese 2.00 max. Silicon 1.00 max. Phosphorus 0.045 max. Sulfur 0.010 max. Chromium 16.00-22.00 Nickel 10.00-15.00 Molybdenum 0-3.0 Boron 0.2-2.0 Nitrogen 0.075 max. ______________________________________and the balance consisting essentially of iron. The as-worked alloy in accordance with the invention is characterized by having a boride particle areal density per weight percent boron (A.sub.N) defined by the relationshipA.sub.N .gtoreq.58,080-18,130 (%B).The as-worked alloy of the invention is further characterized by having a Charpy V-notch impact strength (CVN) defined by the relationshipCVN.gtoreq.85.917 x e.sup.-1.20297(%B).

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a rare earth-iron-boron alloy permanent magnet by, after sintering, keeping the sintered alloy at temperatures of 750.degree.-1000.degree. C. for 0.2-5 hours, slowly cooling it at a cooling rate of 0.3.degree.-5.degree. C./min. to temperatures between room temperature and 600.degree. C.; annealing it at temperatures of 550.degree.-700.degree. C. for 0.2-3 hours, and rapidly cooling it at a cooling rate of 20.degree.-400.degree. C./min. The permanent magnet contains a matrix, a B-rich phase and a Nd-rich phase. In grain boundaries of the matrix phases covered by bcc phases, thin, fine plates of the bcc phases projecting into the matrix phases are once increased by the first heat treatment and slow cooling and then eliminated by the annealing.

Abstract: A presinter treatment is provided to reduce oxygen contamination prior to sintering a predominantly iron powder compact comprising carbon powder and a liquating diffusible boron source, such as nickel boride powder optionally in combination with iron boride powder. A preferred treatment is carried out at a temperature effective to dissociate iron oxide within the compact but not to initiate a liquid phase by said boron source and further is carried out in a vacuum to evacuate oxygen released thereby from compact pores prior to sintering. The presinter treatment enhances carbon and boron diffusion into the iron during sintering. In a preferred embodiment, the fraction of borocementite particles formed by diffused carbon and boron in the sintered iron structure is increased by the presinter treatment of this invention.

Abstract: Self-supporting bodies are produced by reactive infiltration of a parent metal into a boron carbide material which may contain one or both of a boron donor material and a carbon donor material. The reactive infiltration typically results in a composite comprising a boron-containing compound, a carbon-containing compound and residual metal, if desired. The mass to be infiltrated may contain one or more inert fillers admixed with the boron carbide material, boron-containing compound and/or carbon-containing compound. The relative amounts of reactants and process conditions may be altered or controlled to yield a body containing varying volume percents of ceramic, metal, ratios of one ceramic to another and porosity.

Abstract: In a method for producing a rare earth metal-iron-boron (R-Fe-B) anisotropic sintered magnet from R-Fe-B alloy ribbon-like flakes, each flake is formed with a thickness of about 20-500 .mu.m and contains R.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B crystal grains dispersed in the flake with an average grain size of 10 .mu.m or less. The flakes are ground into a powder having an average particle size less than the thickness value of the flake. The powder is magnetically aligned and compacted into a compact body which is then sintered. Thus, the anisotropic sintered magnet is obtained with a high energy product and a high anti-corrosion property. The ribbon-like flakes are prepared by the continuous splat-quenching method. Alternatively, the flakes can be prepared by spraying the molten R-Fe-B alloy in a form of particles and cooling the particles on a cooling plate into flat small pieces.

Abstract: A method for producing a fully dense permanent magnet article by placing a particle charge of the desired permanent magnet alloy in a container, sealing the container, heating the container and charge and extruding to achieve a magnet having mechanical anisotropic crystal alignment and full density.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed of making and of using a high density high strength titanium diboride comprising material. The method of making comprises (a) compacting a mixture of titanium diboride, 5-20% by weight of a metal group binder, and up to 1% oxygen and up to 2% graphite, the mixture having a maximum particle size of 5 microns, and (b) sintering the compact to substantially full density. The TiB.sub.2 may be replaced by up to 10% TiC. The method of use is as a cutting tool at relatively high speeds against aluminum based materials.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a metal boride ceramic material, includes mixing metal boride powder with 1-20 wt. % metal powder and 0.1-10 wt. % carbon powder, shaping the mixture and firing it. Alternatively, the metal boride powder may be mixed with 0.1-89 wt. % metal carbide powder thereby make a mixture, followed by shaping the mixture and firing it.

Abstract: A method to increase the volume fraction of magnetically aligned material in rare earth (RE), iron, boron type anisotropic permanently magnetic material includes forming an adaptively shaped fully dense substantially magnetically isotropic preform from relatively coarse powder particles of melt spun alloy with a very fine grain Re.sub.2 Fe.sub.14 B phase. The preform is heated and die upset to provide uniformity of strain in the perform as it is conformed to the die thereby to cause an increased percentage of the crystallites to be oriented along a crystallographically preferred magnetic axis which increases the energy product of a resultant magnet.

Abstract: In a known method of manufacturing a sintered rare earth transition metal and boron magnet body, e.g. of Nd--Fe--B, the cast alloy is comminuted by hydrogen decrepitation in an atmosphere of pure hydrogen before further comminution, pressing in a magnetic alignment field, sintering and magnetization. The use of pure hydrogen introduces a serious risk of explosion. In the improved method the hydrogen is provided mixed with a chemically non-reactive gas, suitably nitrogen, suitably in a proportion in the range 5 percent to 30 percent by volume of hydrogen, to form an explosion suppressant atmosphere in the decrepitation vessel 1. Sole FIGURE.

Abstract: A sintering aid is disclosed for use in a powder metallurgical method for manufacturing an iron alloy article by compacting and sintering a predominantly iron powder mixture comprising carbon powder and a boron-containing additive, such as nickel boride. The sintering aid comprises an oxygen getter to inhibit boron oxidation that, if formed, is believed to retard carbon diffusion. The sintering aid also preferably includes a second constituent to produce, in combination with the getter, a melting point suitable for forming a transient liquid phase during the early stages of sintering. Preferred sintering aids include intermetallic iron titanium compounds, intermetallic ferro-vanadium compound and intermetallic nickel magnesium compound.

Abstract: A softer metal such as aluminum, or a metal forming a metal aluminide, or an alloy containing these metals is added to a metal aluminide composite during fabrication to promote easy consolidation of the metal aluminide matrix with the reinforcing phase. The metal aluminide may be titanium aluminide, nickel aluminide, or iron aluminide. The softer metal, the metal aluminide matrix, and the reinforcing phase are pressed together at a temperature above the softening temperature of the softer metal. The softened metal promotes flow and consolidation of the matrix and the reinforcement at relatively low temperatures. The composite is held at an elevated temperature to diffuse and convert the soft metal phase into the metal aluminide matrix. By consolidating at a lower temperature, cracking tendencies due to thermal expansion differences between the matrix and reinforcement is reduced. By consolidating at a lower pressure, mechanical damage to the fibers is avoided.

Abstract: A permanent-magnet material of a metal/metal/metalloid system is produced in which at least one starting component of the metals in powder form is mixed together with a component in powder form of elemental boron, or a boron compound or alloy, is optionally compacted, and finally subjected to an annealing treatment for forming the permanent-magnet material. In order that a powder of this material system is produced with an extremely fine microstructure, the powder mixture of the starting components is first subjected to a milling process in the manner of mechanical alloying whereby a mixture powder of the at least one metallic starting component with embedded or adsorbed fine particles of the boron component is formed.

Abstract: Spiral parts, such as orbiting and fixed scroll plates having involute wraps, for use in scroll compressors, the parts having low coefficient of thermal expansion and high tensile strength and Young's modulus, are formed by combining a self-lubricating power into aluminum raw material powder prior to compression and forging. As an alternative to and in conjunction with the foregoing, temperatures during preform heating and in the die for forging are controlled to be in respective ranges of 300.degree. to 500.degree. C. and 150.degree. to 500.degree. C. Aluminum alloy fine powder preferably has a particle diameter no larger than 350 .mu.m. The self-lubricating powder preferably forms 1 to 25% of the mix by volume, and contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of graphite, BN, and MoS.sub.2.

Abstract: A production method of a vacuum circuit breaker electrode comprises the steps of mixing conductive metal powder, and refractory material powder with a higher melting point than said conductive metal powder, compacting the resultant mixture to form a compact, presintering the compact in a atmosphere of high purity hydrogen, sealing a presintered body in a capsule while exhausting, heating and degassing, and subjecting the sealed capsule to hot isostatic pressing treatment. The conductive metal powder is one or both of Cu and Ag. The hot isostatic pressing treatment is effected at a temperature higher than a melting point of the conductive metal so that the presintered body is sintered under liquid phase, and a part of molten conductive metal component is seeped out on a sintered body surface.

Abstract: A process for producing permanent magnet materials, which comprises the steps of:forming an alloy powder having a mean particle size of 0.3-80 microns and composed of, in atomic percentage, 8-30% R (provided that R is at least one of rare earth elements including Y), 2-28% B, and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities,sintering the formed body at a temperature of 900.degree.-1200.degree. C.,subjecting the sintered body to a primary heat treatment at a temperature of 750.degree.-1000.degree. C.,then cooling the resultant body to a temperature of no higher than 680.degree. C. at a cooling rate of 3.degree.-2000.degree. C./min, andfurther subjecting the thus cooled body to a secondary heat treatment at a temperature of 480.degree.-700.degree. C.35 MGOe, 40 MGOe or higher energy product can be obtained with specific compositions.

Abstract: A thermally stable permanent magnet with reduced irreversible loss of flux and improved intrinsic coercivity iHc of 15KOe or more having the following composition:(Nd.sub.1-.alpha. Dy.sub..alpha.)(Fe.sub.1-x-y-z Co.sub.x B.sub.y M.sub.z).sub.awherein M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Mo, Al, Si, P, Zr, Cu, V, W, Ti, Ni, Cr, Hf, Mn, Bi, Sn, Sb and Ge, 0.01.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.4, 0.04.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.20, 0.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.03, 4.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.7.5 and 0.03.ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.0.40. This can be manufactured by (a) sintering an alloy having the above composition by a powder metallurgy method, (b) heating the sintered body at 750.degree.-1000.degree. C. for 0.2-5 hours, (c) slowly cooling it at a cooling rate of 0.3.degree.-5.degree. C./min to temperatures between room temperature and 600.degree. C., (d) heating it at 540.degree.-640.degree. C. for 0.2-3 hours, and (e) rapidly cooling it at a cooling rate of 20.degree.-400.degree. C./min.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a permanent magnet using alloys of the formula R(T.sub.1-y M.sub.y).sub.z, wherein R denotes one or two species of rare earth metals, including Y, T denotes transition metals, principally Fe or Fe and Co, M denotes metalloid elements, principally B, and wherein 0.02<y<0.15, and 5<z<9), to obtain permanent magnets with high orientation properties through the formation of 50-1000 .mu.m crude grains by spraying the alloys in a hot melt state using an inert gas atomization process, forming grains of less than 30 .mu.m by a mechanical pulverizing process after crystal texture in the crude grains has grown to over 30 .mu.m granules by a heat-treatment of the crude grains in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere below 1000.degree. C., whereupon the grain powder is compression molded and heat treated at 500.degree.-900.degree. C. under a magnetic field to yield a compacted powder permanent magnet.

Abstract: A permanent magnetic alloy essentially consists of 10 to 40% by weight of R, 0.1 to 8% by weight of boron, 50 to 300 ppm by weight of oxygen and the balance of iron, where R is at least one component selected from the group consisting of yttrium and the rare-earth elements.An alloy having this composition has a high coercive force .sub.I H.sub.C and a high residual magnetic flux density and therefore has a high maximum energy product.

Abstract: High energy product, magnetically anisotropic permanent magnets are produced by hot working overquenched or fine grained, melt-spun materials comprising iron, neodymium and/or praseodymium, and boron to produce a fully densified, fine grained body that has undergone plastic flow.

Abstract: A method of producing a material having a layer of ceramic as a first component, a layer of a metal as a second component and an intermediate layer lying between said layers and including said first and second components in continuous gradient ratios so that the properties of the material may change continuous, including a step of forming said intermediate layer by igniting a powder mixture of metallic and nonmetallic constitutive elements of said ceramic component and said metal component so as to cause a synthetic reaction in the powder mixture.

Abstract: Compositions for the production of rare earth-ferromagnetic-metal permanent magnets comprise mixtures of rare earth-ferromagnetic metal alloy powder and a lesser amount of a powdered second-phase sintering aid, wherein there is added up to about 2 percent by weight of a particulate refractory oxide, carbide, or nitride additive. Permanent magnets are prepared by mixing the components, aligning the mixture in a magnetic field, pressing and sintering. The refractory material inhibits grain growth in the second phase during sintering, improving the magnetic properties of the major phase.

Abstract: Self-supporting bodies are produced by reactive infiltration of a parent metal with a boron source typically resulting in a composite comprising a parent metal boride and metal. The mass to be infiltrated may contain one or more inert fillers admixed with the boron source to produce a composite by reactive infiltration, which composite comprises a matrix of metal and parent metal boride embedding the filler. The relative amounts of reactants and process conditions may be altered or controlled to yield a body containing varying volume percents of ceramic, metal and/or porosity.

Abstract: Amorphous metal-ceramic and microcrystalline metal-ceramic composites are synthesized by solid state reaction-formation methods. These metal-ceramic composites are characterized by a composition that ranges from about 75 to about 99.9 percent ceramic in about 0.1 to about 25 percent amorphous or microcrystalline metal binder phase.

Abstract: Permanent magnets are prepared by a method comprising mixing a particulate rare earth-iron-boron alloy with a particulate rare earth oxide, aligning the magnetic domains of the mixture, compacting the aligned mixture to form a shape, and sintering the compacted shape.

Abstract: A rocker arm of a valve mechanism of an automotive internal combustion engine is composed of a rocker arm tip secured to a rocker arm main body. The rocker arm tip includes a sheet type sintered alloy adhered to a steel substrate. The sintered alloy includes a joining phase of martensite stainless steel, and a hard phase of boride and/or multiple boride of at least one, including iron, of elements capable of forming boride and/or multiple boride. The hard phase is homogeneously dispersed in the joining phase. The sintered alloy contains boron ranging from 3.0 to 5.0% by weight, and the hard phase ranging from 40 to 62% by weight. Additionally, the sintered alloy has a maximum grain size of the boride and/or multiple boride ranging not larger than 50 .mu.m, a Rockwell A-scale hardness number ranging not less than 80, and a deflective strength ranging not lower than 175 kgf/mm.sup.2.

Abstract: An aluminum matrix composite containing evenly dispersed reinforcement particles in the aluminum matrix wherein the contents of oxygen and carbon are controlled so that their volume percentage is not larger than 20% and wherein the contents of the reinforcement particles, oxygen and carbon are controlled so that their volume percentage is not larger than 40%. The control of oxygen and carbon is effected by carrying out the main process at a non-oxidizing atmosphere and minimizing the addition of an anti-seizure agent required to facilitate the mechanical alloying treatment.

Abstract: Composite powder particles which are essentially spherical in shape are disclosed which consist essentially of particles of a matrix phase which consists essentially of a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum and aluminum based alloys and a reinforcement phase which is relatively uniformly dispersed in and bonded to the matrix, the reinforcement phase comprising titanium diboride.A process is disclosed for producing the above composite particles which involves entraining in a carrier gas a plurality of agglomerated powders, at least one of the powders supplying aluminum, at least one of the powders supplying titanium without boron and at least one of the powders supplying boron without titanium. The powders are fed through a high temperature zone to cause essentially complete melting and coalescence of the powders wherein at least a part of the titanium and at least a part of the boron combine to form titanium diboride and thereafter resolidified to form the composite powder particles.

Abstract: A method whereby a base member having a surface on which a wear-resistant layer is formed and a mold member are disposed in opposing relation so as to form a gap between the surface of the base member and the surface of the mold member opposing the surface of the base member. Sintered hard substance grains of a hard substance powder such as material selected from carbides, nitrides and borides of metals belonging to groups IV, V and VI of the periodic table are filled in the afore-mentioned gap along the wear-resistant layer forming surface of the base member. A metal of self-melting alloy is then permeated into a filling-up layer of the sintered hard substance grains. The mold member is thereafter removed and the exposed surface is polished to obtain a fine wear-resistant layer on the base member.

Abstract: Cermet body formed by reaction sintering at pressures ranging from subatmospheric to superatmospheric of admixed and shaped particulate exothermic reactants, which have maximum particle size substantially not greater than 150 .mu.m and can be elements, compounds, intermetallic compounds and/or alloys, in stoichiometric proportions to substantially form 40-95 mole percent of first phase or phases being boride, nitride, silicide, sulfide or combination thereof of one or more of the elements of Groups 2a, 3a exclusive of B, 4a, 2b, 3b including lanthanide and actinide series elements, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b and 8, and 5-60 mole percent of second phase or phases being metal, alloy, intermetallic compound or combination thereof of one or more of the elements of Groups 3a exclusive of B, 4a, 2b, 4b, 5b, 6b, 7b, iron, cobalt and nickel, wherein the maximum grain size of the first phase or phases is substantially not greater than 10 .mu.m and which body contains 0 to 4 weight percent oxygen.

Abstract: By the inventive method, an amorphous material in powder form can be produced, whereby at least two starting components in powder form are mechanically alloyed by means of a milling process so that a boron component which cannot be alloyed mechanically can nevertheless be alloyed. According to the invention, a boron component in powder form is admixed to the starting components; this powder mixture is subjected to the milling process, an amorphous alloying component being formed from the starting components with embedded or deposited fine particles of the boron components; and the mixture powder so produced is subjected to an annealing treatment below the crystallization temperature of the amorphous alloy component for diffusing the boron into the amorphous alloy component.

Abstract: A permanent-magnet material having a composition represented by the following formula;R(Co.sub.1-X-Y-.alpha.-.beta. Fe.sub.X Cu.sub.Y M.sub..alpha. M'.sub.62)A(wherein X, Y, .alpha., .beta., and A respectively represent the following numbers:0.01.ltoreq.X, 0.02.ltoreq.Y.ltoreq.0.25, 0.001.ltoreq..alpha..ltoreq.0.15,0.0001.ltoreq..beta..ltoreq.0.001, and 6.0.ltoreq.A.ltoreq.8.3,providing that the amount of Fe to be added should be less than 15% by weight, based on the total amount of the composition, and R, M, and M' respectively represent the following constituents:R: At least one element selected from the group of rare earth elements,M: At least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, V, and Ta, andM': B or B+Si),is disclosed.

Abstract: Sputter targets and a process for producing sputter targets are provided, comprised of carbides and/or nitrides and/or borides of refractory metals. In a first step, a dense composite body is produced comprised of one or more carbides and/or nitrides and/or borides of the metals of Groups IV A-VI A of the periodic table and a metallic binding agent comprised of one or more metals of the iron group of the periodic table. This composite body in the form of a shaped blank is machined, if necessary, and the binding agent is removed by chemical or electrochemical treatment. The sputter target as so produced has excellent mechanical strength and high thermal shock resistance. Levels of contaminating elements and the residual metallic binding agent are extremely low, meeting the requirements typically placed on sputter targets.

Abstract: A process of making a composite of a sintered layer on a metal core member, such as an extruder screw having a sintered hard layer on a steel core, by charging a green compact sintering powder material into a space between an inner surface of a compressible mold and an outer surface of a mold core, sealing the compressible mold with the green compact material and the mold core therein, isostatic pressing the sealed compressible mold with the green compact material and the mold core therein, removing the mold core from the isostatically pressed green compact thus forming a cavity therein, inserting a metal core in the cavity in the isostatically pressed green compact with the metal core having a smaller transverse cross-section than the previously removed mold core and shrinking and bonding the isostatically pressed green compact onto the metal core by heating the isostatically pressed green compact and the metal core to a temperature at which the isostatically pressed green compact is sintered resulting in sh

Abstract: A cermet material comprises an intergrown network of a minor proportion of ceramic such as TiB.sub.2 in a metal matrix such as Al. The cermet is prepared by forming a minor proportion by weight of a ceramic phase in situ in a molten metal phase and holding the mixture of elevated temperature for a time to effect formation of an intergrown ceramic network.

Abstract: A method of producing .Iadd.permanent magnet material for .Iaddend.high performance permanent magnets is disclosed in which particles of a master alloy consisting of Fe.sub.2 B having a maximum particle size of 50 microns is admixed with Fe powder and particles of a rare earth capable of combining with Fe and B to form a tetragonal compound of Fe.sub.14 R.sub.2 B type. The admixture is compacted and a magnetic material is formed of the master alloy, Fe powder and .[.rate.]. .Iadd.rare .Iaddend.earth particles which includes a major phase of at least one intermetallic compound of the Fe-R-B type having a crystal structure of the substantially tetragonal system and while the particle size of the crystal structure is controlled by sintering the compacted admixture at a temperature of about 700.degree. C. to 1000.degree. C. for from a fraction of an hour to 36 hours. The magnetic material is then annealed at a temperature of about 550.degree. C. to 650.degree. C. for a fraction of an hour to 2 hours.