Abstract: A method includes flowing an inlet solution having an inlet salinity and an inlet ion concentration from an inlet to a membrane filtration system, dynamically adjusting the salinity or ion concentration of the inlet solution in situ as the inlet solution flows to an inlet of a microfluidic cell, and determining a wettability alteration in situ while dynamically adjusting the salinity or ion concentration of the inlet solution. A system includes a fluid inlet, a microfluidic cell fluidly coupled to the fluid inlet, the microfluidic cell having a surface representative of a reservoir rock, and a membrane filtration system coupled between the microfluidic cell and the fluid inlet.

Abstract: A safe gas flame device providing more visible flames includes a burner having an air inlet end and a flame exit. The combustion end is configured to include a horizontal section of a fluid transporting tube. A fluid guiding device connects to the burner and includes at least one first and at least one second supporting structures disposed on opposite sides of the fluid transporting tube, a plurality of first fluid guiding members connecting and extending transversely to the at least one first supporting structure and arranged side by side along a length of the at least one first supporting structure, and a plurality of second fluid guiding members connecting and extending transversely to the at least one second supporting structure and arranged side by side along a length of the at least one second supporting structure.

Abstract: A method for controlling volatiles in recycled carbon black, such as from pyrolysis of tires, includes deagglomerating the recycled carbon black to substantially reduce the carbon black particle size and impinging an air current on the carbon black particles, preferably in a countercurrent direction, to increase the processing temperature and thereby enhance the release of volatiles. Associated apparatus is disclosed.

Abstract: An odor-inhibiting fiber having a cellulosic fiber and an odor-inhibiting formulation. The odor-inhibiting formulation may contain an odor-inhibiting agent, such as a biocide, an enzyme, a urease inhibitor. The odor-inhibiting formulation also may contain a liquid carrier such as a hydrophobic or hydrophilic organic liquid, or a mixture of a hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic liquid. The cellulosic fiber is impregnated with the odor-inhibiting formulation to produce fiber having odor-inhibiting characteristics. The resultant odor-inhibiting fiber is useful in making absorbent articles with odor-inhibiting characteristics. The fiber of the embodiments prevents odor by inhibiting bacteria growth and ammonia production, especially when used in an absorbent article such as a diaper or adult incontinence device.

Abstract: What is disclosed herein deals with low to medium pressure, high temperature, all ceramic, air-to-air, indirect heat exchangers, novel ball joints, high load-bearing ceramic tube sheets, and tube seal extenders for ceramic tubes that are useful in such heat exchangers. Also disclosed are new and novel systems used in new and novel industrial processes such as chemical processing, sludge destruction and the production of particulates such as, for example, carbon black. Systems utilizing several heat exchangers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A gas black burner is described which is used normally in connection with a rotating cooling roller as a deposition surface, so that its discharge openings for the operating gas containing the raw material for the carbon black are directed against the cooled deposition surface. The burner is characterized by the fact that it is formed as a pipe shaped chamber provided with at least one supply line and disposed in parallel relationship to the deposition surface, which chamber has slit shaped discharge openings in its jacket.The invention relates to a gas black burner with openings to be directed against a cooled deposition surface.

Abstract: A reaction chamber equipped with external heat exchanging coils for limiting the range of the reaction temperature, which must not go over 1200.degree. C nor below 900.degree. C, is supplied with hydrocarbon reagent and combustion-supporting reagent (air) in a way designed to enable a partial combustion reaction by which carbon black is formed to provide the main source of heat for maintaining the reaction temperature. At the entry end of the reaction chamber is a header providing a multiplicity of ante-chambers through which the reagents flow in a direction parallel to the axis of the reaction chamber while being heated up by heat from the reaction chamber. When a liquid reagent is used, it is atomized in the ante-chambers and vaporized and mixed with air in its passage through the ante-chambers. The air is preheated by a heat exchanger that cools the reaction products after a preliminary cooling by another heat exchanger.