Abstract: An exemplary vehicle exhaust system includes, among other things, a housing defining a fluid chamber and at least one pressure sensor positioned within the fluid chamber. The housing has a fluid inlet configured to receive fluid from a fluid supply and a fluid outlet. A heater heats fluid supplied from the fluid supply such that heated fluid can be injected into a vehicle exhaust component via the fluid outlet. A controller is configured to receive pressure data from the at least one pressure sensor and to determine optimal timing for dosing of the vehicle exhaust component based on the pressure data.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for emissions control of a vehicle. In one example, an emissions treatment device includes a porous substrate and a catalytic washcoat disposed thereon, the catalytic washcoat having nickel and no other metal. The porous substrate may be configured to filter particulate matter (PM) exiting the vehicle and the catalytic washcoat may be configured to oxidize at least a portion of the PM. The nickel in the catalytic washcoat may provide additional oxygen storage capacity and increased tolerance to sulfur poisoning of catalytic activity of the catalytic washcoat, further promoting PM oxidation. Moreover, because the catalytic washcoat may increase PM oxidation during passive regeneration events, a total number of active regeneration events may be decreased and fuel economy may be maintained.

Abstract: A direct gas-fired process air heater assembly that utilizes a premix burner applied to a shrink wrap conveyor oven for uniform dissemination of heated air into the a recirculating air stream of a circulating blower, said air circulating blower directing the heated air into the shrink wrap chamber or tunnel for shrinking polymer film around packaged goods for shipment and/or storage. According to various aspects, exemplary embodiments are disclosed of the direct gas-fired packaged process air heater assembly construction features including the application of premix burner technology.

Abstract: A device to supply an internal combustion engine with water comprising one single tank of an exhaust system provided with exhaust gas after-treatment; the tank is divided, on the inside, into a first powder urea storage area and a second water collecting area, and wherein the powder urea and the water are mixed inside the tank so as to obtain a water solution of urea with a variable concentration, the device comprises at least one second electromagnetic injector, which is designed to inject water into the internal combustion engine, and a second pumping device, which is drowned inside the tank and draws from the second water collecting area in order to supply water under pressure to said at least one second electromagnetic injector.

Abstract: Unit for reduction of exhaust gases for an IC engine. The unit has a cylindrical housing with gas inlet and outlet openings and injector for a reducing substance. A helicoid is coaxially arranged inside the housing. A channel conveys the exhaust gases, has a substantially quadrangular cross-section, and helicoidally develops inside the unit. The helix is generated by the intersection between the inner surface of the housing and the helicoid has an inclination angle (?) relative to planes perpendicular to the generatrices of the cylindrical housing ranging from 0° to 30°. The unit includes a coaxial stiffening and stabilization sleeve located at the center of the helicoid passing axially throughout the helicoid and axially over a length at least equal to the axial length of the helicoid. The sleeve cooperates with the inner surface of the housing and with the opposite surfaces of the helicoid to define the helicoidal channel.

Abstract: A burner for venting gas of a gas or oil well, the same comprises a venting gas tubing laid from the well up to a burning pit; a tubing for the supply of pilot gas laid parallel to the tubing of venting gas; a tubing of power lines from a control panel up to at least one electrode; a nozzle constituted by a tube that comprises a plurality of perforations that go through the wall of said tube, a plurality of air inlet tubes affixed to the wall of said tube; and a plurality of support spoilers affixed to the wall of said tube; where, the distal ends of the venting gas tubing, the tubing of supply of pilot gas and at the least one electrode, are located inside the nozzle; and where, the nozzle is installed inside the burning pit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a conveyor unit for conveying a liquid, comprising a distributor block made of plastic for the liquid-conducting connection of at least one component for conveying the liquid, the distributor block comprising at least one metallic clamping element which encloses the distributor block at least in some regions on the outside.

Abstract: An exhaust after-treatment assembly for an engine system is provided. The exhaust after-treatment assembly includes a housing having an inlet port, an outlet port, a catalyst disposed within a cavity defined by the housing, and a muffler assembly disposed within the cavity downstream of the catalyst. The muffler assembly includes one or more baffle plates disposed longitudinally spaced from one another within the housing to define at least a first resonator chamber and a second resonator chamber. Each of the baffle plates defines an openings aligned to one another about a longitudinal axis of the housing. Further, a resonator tube extends through the openings of the baffle plates and includes an inlet, a perforated portion and one or more outlet ports formed in a wall of the resonator tube. The perforated portion and the outlet ports, respectively in fluid communication with the second resonator chamber and the first resonator chamber.

Abstract: There is provided an engine exhaust treatment device in which stick of a nozzle portion of a urea water injector can be suppressed. The engine exhaust treatment device includes: an SCR catalyst case housing an SCR catalyst; an SCR exhaust inlet pipe; and the urea water injector and the nozzle portion of the urea water injector is directed toward an inside of the SCR exhaust inlet pipe. An exhaust deflector is provided in the SCR exhaust inlet pipe and the exhaust deflector is mounted to an inner peripheral face of the SCR exhaust inlet pipe on an exhaust upstream side of the urea water injector so that exhaust flowing toward the nozzle portion of the urea water injector is deflected by the exhaust deflector and diverted from the nozzle portion.

Abstract: An exhaust gas post-processing system includes an oxidation catalyst configured to oxidize substances included in the exhaust gas; a diesel particulate filter configured to collect particulate matters included in the exhaust gas and disposed subsequent to the oxidation catalyst; a dosing module configured to inject a reducing agent and disposed subsequent to the diesel particulate filter; and a selective catalytic reduction configured to remove nitrogen oxide using the reducing agent included in the exhaust gas and disposed subsequent to the dosing module. The diesel particulate filter includes a catalytic component represented by La1-xAgxMnO3 (where 0<x<1).

Abstract: A device, in particular an exhaust gas post-treatment device, having a pipe, in particular an exhaust pipe, through which a gas flow, in particular exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, s is guided; having an injection device, associated with the pipe, for metered injection of a fluid medium, in particular exhaust gas post-treatment agent, into the gas flow; and having at least one mixing apparatus that is disposed in the pipe downstream from the injection device and has several air guidance elements disposed in one plane. Provision is made that the plane is oriented at least substantially perpendicularly to an injection direction of the injection device.

Abstract: A compact Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system comprising a system inlet, a gas flow system and a plurality of catalyst clusters is described. The system inlet is configured to utilize heat of the cleaned exhaust to vaporize a solution of a reductant, or a precursor of a reductant, and to mix the vaporized reductant with exhaust gas to form a mixed gas. The gas flow system is configured to provide the mixed gas from the system inlet to a plurality of catalyst clusters and to provide heat from the exhaust gas to assist in vaporization of the reductant/precursor and to assist in the conversion of the precursor to the reductant. The plurality of catalyst clusters comprise SCR and ASC catalysts but can also include filter functionality.

Abstract: A diagnostic system and method for diagnosing the performance of a particulate matter (PM) filter of an exhaust system each involve receiving, by a controller from at least one sensor, a gas component measurement of exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust system and the PM filter. The controller calculates a conversion efficiency of the gas component by the PM filter and compares the calculated conversion efficiency to a predetermined conversion efficiency threshold indicative of an expected conversion efficiency of a flow-through catalyst. The controller then determines whether the PM filter is cracked or damaged based on the comparison between the calculated conversion efficiency and the predetermined conversion efficiency threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a first component in a sample, the first component being responsive to at least radiation of a first wavelength, the sample comprising the first component and a second component responsive to at least radiation of a second wavelength.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification catalyst apparatus, which is superior in oxidation performance of, in particular, nitrogen monoxide, among hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate components such as soot, included in exhaust gas from a lean burn engine, and combustion performance of light oil. The exhaust gas purification apparatus arranged with an oxidation catalyst (DOC) comprising a noble metal component for oxidizing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, in particular, nitrogen monoxide among nitrogen oxides, and for combusting light oil, a catalyzed soot filter (CSF) including a noble metal component for collecting a particulate component such as soot and removing by combustion (oxidation). The oxidation catalyst (DOC) has a catalyst layer where platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and barium oxide (BaO) are supported on alumina (Al2O3) having a pore size of 12 to 120 nm, and ratio of platinum and palladium is 1:1 to 11:2 in weight equivalent.

Abstract: A delivery unit for a liquid additive includes a block having at least three ducts, at least one active component mounted on the block for delivering the liquid additive, a cylindrical collecting chamber into which the at least three ducts open, and a deformable, sleeve-shaped element disposed in the collecting chamber. A motor vehicle having a delivery unit is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the catalytic removal of carbon dioxide and NOx from waste gases in a reactor charged with activated carbon catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: a. saturating the catalyst with water b. saturating or partially saturating the waste gases with water, c. introducing the waste gases into the reactor, d. catalytically converting NOx into NO2? and, in parallel with this, catalytically converting CO2 into carbon and O2 on the same catalyst, e. washing out the activated carbon catalyst with water and discharging the carbon as a solid and NO2? dissolved in water or in the base.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing contaminants from a gas stream includes a reaction chamber for receiving the gas stream; a gas-liquid contact assembly disposed in the reaction chamber; a sump disposed in the reaction chamber beneath the gas-liquid contact assembly, the sump containing a liquid scrubbing agent; a first inlet in communication with the sump for providing a reactive species to the liquid scrubbing agent in the sump for producing an oxidizing solution; a second inlet in communication with the reaction chamber for providing the gas stream to the reaction chamber; and a feed line having a first end in communication with the sump and a second end in communication with the reaction chamber above the gas-liquid contact assembly for dispensing the oxidizing solution to contact the gas-liquid contact assembly.

Abstract: A conveying unit for conveying reducing agent from a tank to an exhaust gas treatment device for cleaning the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, includes a flange defined at least by a first side and a second side. The first side and the second side are disposed so as to be mutually opposed, at least in part. At least a filter, a biased ice pressure compensator and/or a flexible ice pressure compensator are disposed on the first side. At least a pump, a pressure sensor and/or a temperature sensor are disposed on the second side.

Abstract: A system for cleaning flue gas includes a particulate removal system; a powdered sorbent injector, for injecting powdered sorbents, positioned downstream from the particulate removal system; and a flue gas desulfurization system positioned downstream from the powdered sorbent injector.

Abstract: A granulation installation for a melt produced in a metallurgical plant having a water injection device for quenching and granulating the melt and a granulation tank for collecting water and granulates. The installation includes a steam condensation tower located above the granulation tank for collecting steam generated therein, where the tower has a steam condensing system. The system includes a water-spraying device disposed above a water-collecting device. The tower further includes a stack extending into the tower and configured for selectively evacuating excessive steam to the atmosphere. The stack has an inlet communicating with the lower zone of the tower and an outlet arranged to evacuate steam to the atmosphere above the tower. The stack is equipped with an obturator device for selective evacuation of steam through the stack. The installation may process an increase of 60% of slag without any risk of steam backflow in the granulation area.

Abstract: An ammonia injection grid covered with sound adsorption material for a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system that provides uniform distribution of ammonia to the SCR catalyst in NOX reduction systems and provides noise suppression for heat recovery steam generation systems, packaged boilers, simple cycle catalyst systems and fired heaters for superior operational efficiency. The ammonia injection grid covered with sound adsorption material includes an injection tube having at least one nozzle for injecting ammonia into a flow of flue gas. The ammonia injection grid also includes a corrugated turbulence enhancer covered with sound adsorption material associated with the injection tube to generate turbulent wake to enhance turbulent mixing and noise suppression.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, inside of an engine exhaust passage, a hydrocarbon feed valve (15) and an exhaust purification catalyst (13) are arranged. The exhaust purification catalyst (13) is comprised of an upstream-side catalyst (14a) and a downstream-side catalyst (14b) arranged in series at an interval from each other. The upstream-side catalyst (14b) has a smaller cross-sectional area than the downstream-side catalyst (14b). The concentration of hydrocarbons which flow into the upstream-side catalyst (14a) is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude of a 200 ppm or more and within a predetermined range of period of 5 seconds or less, whereby the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas is reduced at the exhaust purification catalyst (13).

Abstract: A wall flow type particulate filter (24) adapted to be arranged in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine in which combustion is performed in an excess of oxygen carries a solid acid. The solid acid has an acid strength which is higher than the acid strength of sulfurous acid and lower than the acid strength of sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A filter for internal combustion engines, includes a rigid external casing provided with at least an inlet for a fluid to be filtered and an outlet for the fluid when filtered, and a filter cartridge located internally of the external casing, which includes a plurality of tubular filter walls arranged parallel to one another which are destined to be crossed by the fluid flowing from the inlet towards the outlet of the external casing; the external casing being conformed such as to delimit a pouch a transversal section of which, performed along a perpendicular plane to axes of the tubular filter walls, exhibits a prevalent line of development and a small width with respect to the prevalent line of development; the tubular filter walls being arranged internally of the pouch, side by side with one another, forming a single row which follows the prevalent line of development of the pouch.

Abstract: A flue-gas purification system includes a flue-gas cycling system, a reacting means, and an absorbent adding system having at least a catalytic absorbent, wherein the catalytic absorbent is being gasified for reacting with the flue-gas in the reacting means in a homogenous gas-gas phase reacting manner. Therefore, the purification system has fast reaction rate between the pollutants of the flue-gas and the catalytic absorbent, which is preferably ammonia, to efficiently remove pollutants, so as to effectively purify the flue-gas.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine includes a diesel particulate filter (DPF) in an exhaust system in the diesel engine. The exhaust gas purifying apparatus is constructed to execute regeneration of the DPF by raising a temperature of the DPF in a case where a predetermined DPF regeneration condition is fulfilled, interrupt the regeneration of the DPF, execute idling stop, automatically restart the diesel engine and then restart the regeneration of the DPF, and when shifting to the idling operation is carried out during regeneration of the DPF, delay execution of the idling stop until a temperature of the DPF at a time at which the idling stop is started becomes not less than a temperature of the DPF at a time at which shifting to an idling operation is carried out even in a case where the predetermined idling stop condition is fulfilled.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a filter whose initial collection efficiency can be increased and whose pressure loss increase can be suppressed. [Means to solve the problem] A ceramic filter includes: numerous crystalline masses bound to one another each formed of aggregation of columnar crystals, wherein a number of large diameter pores are present between the numerous crystalline masses, and small diameter pores are present between the numerous columnar crystals forming the crystalline mass.

Abstract: A filtering device features a ceramic filter body for filtering a fluid flow, the filter body consisting of a wavy layer and a flat layer and the wavy and flat layer being wound in a spiral-shaped manner. The wave length of the waves increases from the inside to the outside with increasing distance to the longitudinal axis of the filter body such that the wave troughs and the wave peaks of at least two radially adjacent windings each lie on a common radial plane.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification catalyst apparatus, which is superior in oxidation performance of, in particular, nitrogen monoxide, among hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate components such as soot, included in exhaust gas from a lean burn engine, and combustion performance of light oil. The exhaust gas purification apparatus arranged with an oxidation catalyst (DOC) comprising a noble metal component for oxidizing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, in particular, nitrogen monoxide among nitrogen oxides, and for combusting light oil, a catalyzed soot filter (CSF) including a noble metal component for collecting a particulate component such as soot and removing by combustion (oxidation). The oxidation catalyst (DOC) has a catalyst layer where platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and barium oxide (BaO) are supported on alumina (Al2O3) having a pore size of 12 to 120 nm, and ratio of platinum and palladium is 1:1 to 11:2 in weight equivalent.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system includes a diesel particulate filter (“DPF”) which collects particulate matter (“PM”) in exhaust gas, an exhaust pipe injector which performs exhaust pipe injection, and a DPF regeneration control unit which performs temperature rise control of an exhaust gas temperature by the exhaust pipe injection to regenerate the DPF when the PM collected by the DPF exceeds a fixed amount and which, during the regeneration, integrates an amount of time during which the exhaust gas temperature exceeds a PM combustion temperature and completes the regeneration when an integrated value thereof reaches a set regeneration completion value. The DPF regeneration control unit aborts the regeneration when, during regeneration, a total amount of the exhaust pipe injection exceeds an upper limit before the integrated value.

Abstract: A retaining seal material includes inorganic fibers, inorganic particles adhering to surfaces of the inorganic fibers, a first principal surface, and a second principal surface. A mean particle diameter of the inorganic particles in a vicinity of a center in a thickness direction of the retaining seal material is smaller than at least one of a mean particle diameter of the inorganic particles in a vicinity of the first principal surface and a mean particle diameter of the inorganic particles in a vicinity of the second principal surface.

Abstract: A selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system that can detect whether or not a float is stuck even where a water level sensor that detects a liquid level in a stepwise manner is used, including: an urea injection quantity integrating unit that integrates an injected quantity of urea to calculate an urea injection quantity integrated value; an integrated value resetting unit that, if a detected value from detection means changes, resets the urea injection quantity integrated value; and an abnormality determination unit that, if the urea injection quantity integrated value exceeds a predetermined threshold value for determination, determines a level sensor as having an abnormality.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system with which a frequency of diesel particulate filter (“DPF”) regeneration requests can be reduced during long low idle regeneration, thereby improving convenience, including a control unit that performs regeneration control on a DPF provided at an exhaust pipe of an engine. The control unit includes a particulate matter (“PM”) accumulation amount predictor for predicting the amount of PM accumulated by calculating a cumulated value of the PM in an idling state. The control unit starts calculating the cumulated value of the PM by the PM accumulation amount predictor after a first predetermined time has elapsed since a detection of the idling state.

Abstract: Disclosed are ceramic bodies comprised of composite cordierite aluminum magnesium titanate ceramic compositions and methods for the manufacture of same.

Abstract: A hybrid mounting mat for mounting a catalyst support structure within a housing in an exhaust gas treatment device. The exhaust gas treatment device includes an outer housing, a fragile catalyst support structure, and a mounting mat disposed in the gap between the housing and the fragile catalyst support structure. Additionally disclosed are methods of making the hybrid mounting mat and for making an exhaust gas treatment device incorporating the mounting mat.

Abstract: A holding sealing material includes a mat, an inorganic binder and an organic binder. The mat includes inorganic fibers and has an upper part, a center part, and a lower part in a thickness direction. The inorganic binder is loaded on the mat. The organic binder is loaded mainly on the upper part and the lower part of the mat. The holding sealing material is disposed between an exhaust gas-treating body and a casing for housing the exhaust gas-treating body to form an exhaust gas purifying apparatus.

Abstract: A parallel passage fluid contactor structure for chemical reaction processes has one or more segments, where each segment has a plurality of substantially parallel fluid flow passages oriented in an axial direction; cell walls between each adjacent fluid flow passages and each cell wall has at least two opposite cell wall surfaces. The structure also includes at least one active compound in the cell walls and multiple axially continuous conductive filaments either embedded within the cell walls or situated between the cell wall surfaces. The conductive filaments are at least one of thermally and electrically conductive, are oriented in axially, and are in direct contact with the active compound, and are operable to transfer thermal energy between the active material and the conductive filaments. Heating of the conductive filaments may be used to transfer heat to the active material in the cell walls. Methods of manufacturing the structure are discussed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system with which diesel particulate filter (“DPF”) regeneration can be continued even when deceleration occurs during the DPF regeneration. The system includes a regeneration deceleration period intake/exhaust control unit that, when a vehicle decelerates during the DPF regeneration, increases an exhaust gas flow rate through an exhaust pipe by controlling respective openings of an exhaust gas recirculation (“EGR”) device and an intake throttle and adjusting a turbocharging amount of a high pressure stage turbocharger.

Abstract: A exhaust gas purification device is structured such that it is possible to improve an assembling work ability or a maintenance work ability of gas purifying bodies or exhaust gas purifying cases. In an exhaust gas purification device provided with gas purifying bodies which purify an exhaust gas discharged by an engine, and a gas purifying housing which is provided with the gas purifying bodies therein, the exhaust gas purification device is structured such that a support bracket which supports the gas purifying housing is provided, a bolt hole is formed in the support bracket, an insertion guide is formed in the support bracket, and an attaching bolt is engaged with and disengaged from the bolt hole via the insertion guide.

Abstract: A system for NOx reduction in combustion gases, especially from diesel engines, incorporates an oxidation catalyst to convert at least a portion of NO to NO2, particulate filter, a source of reductant such as NH3 and an SCR catalyst and methods for operating such a system are disclosed. Considerable improvements in NOx conversion and soot reduction are observed even at relatively low operating temperatures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to device and method for reducing soot particles. The device for reducing soot particles includes a first filter provided to an exhaust gas flow passage through which exhaust gas from a diesel engine flows to have a predetermined volume of a plurality of grains to be operated as a volumetric filtration system, and a second filter provided to a predetermined position of the second filter to be operated as a surface filtration system.

Abstract: An exhaust system includes a first SCR catalyst and a second SCR catalyst positioned downstream of the first SCR catalyst. A first injector is provided upstream of the first SCR catalyst, and a second injector is provided upstream of the second SCR catalyst. The exhaust system further includes a gaseous ammonia supply device fluidly connected to the first injector for supplying gaseous ammonia to the exhaust gas by the first injector, and an ammonia-containing reductant reservoir fluidly connected to the second injector for supplying a fluid ammonia-containing reductant, such as urea, to the exhaust gas by the second injector. The first SCR catalyst has a smaller volume than the second SCR catalyst for a fast warm-up of the first SCR catalyst.

Abstract: A method for engine-out soot flow rate prediction of an exhaust gas treatment system is provided. A measured level of oxides of nitrogen in the exhaust gas treatment system is received. An engine fuel injection timing and air-fuel ratio of an engine producing the oxides of nitrogen are also received. An engine timing factor is determined based on the engine fuel injection timing. An engine air-fuel ratio factor is determined based on the engine air-fuel ratio. An engine-out soot flow rate prediction is generated based on the measured level of oxides of nitrogen, the engine timing factor, and the engine air-fuel ratio factor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of NOx in industrial cement production plants. In particular, the method according to the present invention provides for the atomization of an aqueous solution containing the reagent by introducing it into the gas to be treated that is at a high temperature, thus achieving the simultaneous and immediate evaporation of the water and gasification of the reagent. Thanks to this method, there is achieved improved performance of the non-catalytic reduction process of NOx while using the same reagent or, specularly, the same performance with a lesser amount of reagent being required, with consequent reduction of the costs.

Abstract: A ceramic honeycomb structure suitable for particulate filters, having an inlet face and an outlet face, comprising a plurality of inlet cells and a plurality of outlet cells extending through the structure from the inlet face to the outlet face, the inlet cells being open at the inlet face and closed where adjoining the outlet face, and the outlet cells being open at the outlet face and closed where adjoining the inlet face. The inlet and/or outlet cells are quadrangular in cross-section and are arranged in an alternating pattern; the outlet cells may have a cross-sectional area generally smaller than that of inlet cells and no point of a given inlet cell is closer to an adjacent inlet cell than to an adjacent outlet cell. A process for preparing the ceramic honeycomb structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for combustion of a fuel and treatment of the resulting flue gas includes: combusting a fuel to produce a hot flue gas stream containing at least carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2), bringing the flue gas stream into contact with solid calcium oxide (CaO) in a carbonation reactor operating at a temperature at which CO2 in the flue gas reacts with CaO to form solid calcium carbonate (CaCO3), heating CaCO3 in a calcination reactor operating at a temperature at which CaCO3 is converted to CaO and CO2, and recirculating CaO formed in the calcination reactor back to the carbonation reactor. Heating can be at least partially effected by indirect heat exchange with hot flue gas from the combustion. Flue gas used for the indirect heat exchange can be subsequently subjected to dry desulfurization before it is brought into contact with CaO in the carbonation reactor.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to detect any breakdown or failure of a particulate filter more appropriately. A failure detecting apparatus for detecting failure of a particulate filter according to the present invention comprises an acquiring section which acquires an amount of PM contained in an exhaust gas allowed to outflow from the particulate filter; a regeneration process executing section which executes a filter regeneration process for oxidizing and removing PM deposited in the particulate filter; and a failure judging section which judges that the particulate filter is in the failure state if a decreased amount of the amount of PM contained in the exhaust gas acquired by the acquiring section, during a predetermined period of time as started from a point in time at which the execution of the filter regeneration process performed by the regeneration process executing section is completed, is not equal to or larger than a predetermined reference amount.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine is provided comprising an exhaust gas conduit, a particulate filter (“PF”) device, a hydrocarbon source and an electronic control module including operative logic which when implemented. The PF has a filter structure for removal of particulates in the exhaust gas and is selectively regenerated based on an amount of particulates trapped within the filter structure of the PF device. The control module is in communication with the internal combustion engine and the hydrocarbon source, and receives a regeneration signal indicating the amount of particulates trapped within the filter structure of the PF device. The electronic control module includes control logic for monitoring the internal combustion engine prior to a regeneration event. The electronic control module includes control logic for determining a plurality operating parameters of the internal combustion engine based on the monitoring.

Abstract: A system and a process for capture and absorption of sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide by an ammonia method at normal pressure are disclosed.