Abstract: A method for removing methane and non-methane volatile organic compound concentrations from a gas stream. The method includes exposing the target gas to a halogen gas and a light from a suitable light source having a wavelength sufficient to activate halogen gas to halogen radicals, wherein the halogen radicals react with the VOC in the target gas to provide the target gas with a removed concentration of VOC as well as a device including a reaction chamber for reacting the halogen radicals with the VOC in the target gas.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway that receives exhaust gas from the engine, a temperature sensor configured to generate a temperature signal associated with a temperature of the exhaust gas at a position along the exhaust gas pathway, and a reductant source. The system also includes first and second injectors in fluid communication with the reductant source. The first and second injectors are configured to inject reductant into the exhaust gas pathway at first and second rates. The system also includes a first treatment element positioned downstream of the first injector and within the exhaust gas pathway, and a controller in communication with the temperature sensor. The controller is configured to receive the temperature signal from the temperature sensor and adjust at least one of the first rate or the second rate based at least in part on the temperature signal.

Abstract: Surface hydroxyl groups on porous and nonporous metal oxides, such as silica gel and alumina, were metalated with catalyst precursors, such as complexes of earth abundant metals (e.g., Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn and Mg). The metalated metal oxide catalysts provide a versatile family of recyclable and reusable single-site solid catalysts for catalyzing a variety of organic transformations. The catalysts can also be integrated into a flow reactor or a supercritical fluid reactor.

Abstract: The present invention and embodiments thereof provide a process to separate ethylene products from impurities such as nitrogen, hydrogen, ethane, propane and isobutane without the need for distillation processes.

Abstract: A method for scrubbing flue gas, comprising: providing a rotating packed bed device onboard a ship or an offshore floating vessel; mixing seawater with the flue gas under centrifugal force in the rotating packed bed device to prevent blow-by and produce a scrubbed flue gas having low sulfur; and discharging the scrubbed flue gas; wherein the scrubbed flue gas has less than half of the sulfur that was originally present in the flue gas before the mixing. Also, a system for scrubbing the flue gas according to the method described. Also, a marine ship, comprising: an engine that combusts HSFO; a rotating packed bed device, in a hull or funnel of the ship, comprising a rotating shaft and a porous material that mixes seawater with flue gas and reduces sulfur in the flue gas; and a connector from the engine and the rotating packed bed device.

Abstract: A method of controlling a catalytic exhaust system having a first catalytic unit located upstream of a second catalytic unit includes i) providing a relationship between the temperature of the first catalytic unit, an amount of NH3 stored in the second catalytic unit, and a corresponding limit value of the amount of NH3 permitted in the first catalytic unit; ii) measuring or estimating the amount of NH3 in the second catalytic unit; iii) measuring or estimating the temperature of the first catalytic unit; iv) using the relationship and measured/estimated parameters of steps ii and iii to provide the limit value for the amount of NH3 to be stored in the first catalytic unit; and v) using the parameter from iv in the control of the catalytic exhaust system.

Abstract: A process for discharging high-temperature flue gas safely from an ocean platform includes discharging the gas from combustion facilities into a main body of a cooling and cleaning device through an exhaust pipe, while sea water is injected into the main body. The injected water passes through a water distributor located at an upper part, and the scrubbing sea water is sprayed downwards. The high-temperature flue gas enters into a lower part, and the gas is scrubbed by the sprayed sea water to be low-temperature clean flue gas. The low-temperature clean flue gas passes through the water distributor and a mist eliminator, and is discharged into atmosphere through an outlet at a top of the main body. The sea water is collected to a liquid pool located at a lower part of the main body and discharged into the ocean. A cooling and cleaning device is also disclosed.

Abstract: Separation efficiency of a gas in a gas separator mounted on a vehicle is improved. The gas separation system mounted on the vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine includes the gas separator configured to separate a predetermined component in the gas under the existence of water, a first passage connected to the gas separator so as to introduce an atmosphere into the gas separator, and a second passage connecting between an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine and the first passage so as to introduce exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine into the gas separator.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. In one embodiment, the system has a first aftertreatment element including a first inlet region and a first outlet region, and a second aftertreatment element including a second inlet region and a second outlet region The first outlet region is connected to the second inlet region via at least one connection section, and the at least one connection section extends outside the first aftertreatment element. At least parts of the first inlet region and of the second inlet region are arranged in a common distributor housing.

Abstract: An SCR system includes at least one catalyst, and an intake conduit. The intake conduit includes an intake conduit first sidewall, at least a portion of which defines a first curvature. An intake conduit second sidewall is coupled to the intake conduit first sidewall so as to define the intake conduit. A catalyst is fluidly coupled to the intake conduit through the intake conduit second sidewall. The intake conduit second sidewall is inclined at a first angle with respect to a longitudinal axis of the SCR system, such that an intake conduit second end cross-section of the intake conduit is smaller than an intake conduit first end cross-section. An intake conduit third sidewall is positioned at the intake conduit second end. The intake conduit is structured to produce an even flow split of the exhaust gas through the intake conduit internal volume towards the catalyst.

Abstract: An arrangement of at least two engine-compartment exhaust system components is provided for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle. The at least two engine-compartment exhaust system components are arranged one behind the other downstream from the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle and are connected to one another by means of a first connecting body, so that exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine can be directed in succession through the at least two exhaust system components in the direction of an exhaust system. In addition, the two exhaust system components are also arranged behind a manifold device of the internal combustion engine by means of a second connecting body. A motor vehicle is also provided which comprises at least one such arrangement.

Abstract: A method of predicting nitrogen dioxide emission from an engine may include an initial nitrogen dioxide formation prediction operation of predicting an amount of nitrogen dioxide which is originally formed in the engine using a nitrogen dioxide formation model by an electronic control unit (ECU) while engine combustion is underway, a nitrogen dioxide reduction prediction operation of determining an amount of nitrogen dioxide which is reduced to nitrogen monoxide using a reverse reaction of the nitrogen dioxide formation model by the ECU based on the amount of formed nitrogen dioxide in the initial nitrogen dioxide formation prediction operation, and a final nitrogen dioxide emission determination operation of determining an amount of nitrogen dioxide which is ultimately generated by the engine by the ECU based on a difference between the amount of formed nitrogen dioxide and the amount of reduced nitrogen dioxide.

Abstract: A method of extending the useful life of an aged selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst bed, which catalyses the conversion of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) to dinitrogen (N2) in the presence of a nitrogenous reductant, in the exhaust gas after treatment system of a stationary source of NOx so that the exhaust gas emitted to atmosphere from the system continues to meet proscribed limits for both NOx and ammonia emissions, which method comprising the step of retrofitting an additional honeycomb substrate monolith or a plate-type substrate comprising a catalyst (ASC) for converting ammonia in exhaust gas also containing oxygen to nitrogen and water downstream of the aged SCR catalyst bed, wherein the kNOx of the honeycomb substrate monolith comprising the catalyst for converting ammonia in exhaust gas also containing oxygen to nitrogen and water is greater than or equal to 80 m/hr between 300 and 400° C. inclusive, wherein kNOx of a sample of the catalyst, which has been aged at 450° C.

Abstract: A diesel exhaust system includes multiple injectors for providing diesel exhaust fluid to an exhaust to reduce NOx emissions. Two or more injectors provide DEF to the exhaust system of an engine. In one mode, the injectors alternately inject DEF fluid. In one embodiment, the system includes a NOx sensor or a NOx model to assist in determining an amount of DEF that must be provided. In a high DEF output operating mode, the DEF amount for one injector is output at a higher rate than the other injector such that deposits may form. After the injector at the higher rate of injection operates for a selected fraction of time, the other injector provides DEF fluid at the higher rate. Further, the system calculates an estimated developed liquid film mass for each injector output. When the estimated developed liquid film mass is not less than a parameter limit film mass, the system performs ATS regeneration.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (1) for a diesel engine, the exhaust gas aftertreatment system comprising: a treatment agent tank (2) for storing an exhaust gas treatment agent; a metering injection module (4), with the injection of the metering injection module (4) being controlled with a determined duty ratio signal according to a desired injection amount; a supply module (3) connected between the treatment agent tank (2) and the metering injection module (4) for supplying the exhaust gas treatment agent to the metering injection module (4); an exhaust gas treatment agent pipe (6) connected between the metering injection module (4) and the supply module (3); a pressure sensor for measuring the system pressure in the exhaust gas treatment agent pipe (6); and a controller (7); wherein the controller (7) is configured to receive a system pressure signal from the pressure sensor during injection of the metering injection module (4), and detect an injection abnormality of the metering injection

Abstract: A method and engine arrangement are provided for monitoring components in an exhaust aftertreatment system (EATS) including a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (SCR). A first O2 level is measured at a first location between the DOC and the DPF, a second O2 level is measured at a second location downstream of the SCR, a first NOx level is measured at, the first location, a second NOx level is measured at the second location, SCR efficiency is calculated based on the first and second NOx levels, and whether the DOC, the DPP. and the SCR are functioning property is determined based on whether the first O2 level is within a first O:2 target, whether the second O2 level is within a second O2 target, and whether SCR efficiency is within an SCR efficiency target.

Abstract: A ship including a plurality of engines and a plurality of exhaust gas purifiers provided on respective exhaust paths for exhaust gas from the engines. Each exhaust gas purifier includes a casing and an opening. The casing accommodates a purification catalyst for purifying the exhaust gas. The opening serves to place the purification catalyst into or displace the purification catalyst from the casing. The exhaust gas purifiers are arranged so that the respective openings of the exhaust gas purifiers face an identical space, and operation directions of an operation performed through the openings in at least two of the exhaust gas purifiers cross.

Abstract: A novel exhaust gas purifying catalyst, method for producing same, and an exhaust gas purification device using same, which are capable of maintaining catalytic activity of a precious metal at a higher level than compared with conventional exhaust gas purifying catalysts. An exhaust gas purifying catalyst having a first carrier particle, a second carrier particle, and a precious metal catalyst particle carried on the first and second carrier particles, wherein: the first carrier particle contains a rare-earth oxide other than ceria and at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, ceria, zirconia, and titania; the second carrier particle contains a rare-earth oxide other than ceria; and the contained amount of the rare-earth oxide in the second carrier particle is higher than the contained amount of the rare-earth oxide in the first carrier particle.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and compositions for removing contaminants from fluids, for example, the removal of mercury contaminants by oxidation. The compositions and methods provided herein are robust and accomplish efficient removal of contaminants from fluid streams without the need for relatively expensive activated carbon. In addition, the methods and compositions of the present invention do not pose risks to the safety of workers through the injection of highly toxic, highly corrosive elemental bromine to directly oxidize the mercury. The compositions and methods of the present invention are versatile and apply to a wide range of contaminants including, but not limited to, mercury, lead, cadmium, thallium, and hydrogen sulfides. Further, the compositions and methods contained herein are capable of efficient contaminant removal over a wide range of temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: A contaminant reducing device is provided. The contaminant reducing device comprises: an exhaust gas tube for supplying exhaust gas from a combustion engine; a cleaning water supply tube for supplying cleaning water; a scrubber for spraying cleaning water, which is supplied through the cleaning water supply tube, to exhaust gas supplied through the exhaust gas tube; an oxidation unit connected to the exhaust gas tube so as to oxidize the exhaust gas by discharging electricity, emitting ultraviolent rays, or spraying an oxidizer; and a cleaning water discharge tube for discharging cleaning water from inside the scrubber.

Abstract: An improved NOx sensor with an NH3 oxidation. A sensor module may include a support component, a NOx sensing material positioned on the support component, and an NH3 oxidation catalyst. The NH3 oxidation catalyst may be layered on top of the NOx sensing material or the NH3 oxidation catalyst may be positioned upstream of the NOx sensing material such that the NH3 oxidation catalyst selectively converts NH3 to N2 while permitting NOx through to the NOx sensing material.

Abstract: A fluid injection system includes a mixing chamber locatable in an exhaust gas conduit upstream of a selective catalytic reduction device for providing an exhaust gas flow path and space for receiving injected fluid, an injector with a plurality of bundled capillary tubes each having an inlet configured to receive a fluid for injection into the chamber and an outlet wherein the injector is mounted on the chamber with the tube outlets in fluid communication with the chamber space, a base plate disposed in the chamber spaced from and aligned with the bundled tubes, a voltage supply connected to the tubes and to the base plate for providing a charge to the tubes and to the base plate to create an electric field to the fluid in the tubes, and a valve disposed on a wall of the chamber for at least one of priming and purging of the tubes.

Abstract: An evaporator is provided that separates, from a degraded substance, an absorbent branched off and introduced, a heating section which is interposed on a circulation line L21 that circulates the absorbent introduced into this evaporator, heats the circulating absorbent to obtain gaseous recovery steam containing a vaporized absorbent and CO2, a concentrate branch line L22 that branches off a part of the absorbent circulating through the circulation line L21 at a bottom of the evaporator from the circulation line L21 as a concentrate, a cooler that is interposed on this concentrate branch line L22 and cools the concentrate, an ionic degraded substance removal section that removes an ionic degraded substance in the cooled concentrate, and a purified absorbent discharge line L23 that reuses the concentrate as a purified absorbent from which the ionic degraded substance is removed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided. The exhaust gas control apparatus is equipped with a NOx reduction catalyst, a reducing agent tank, a reducing agent supply device, a booster, a heater, and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to perform control of raising a temperature of a reducing agent to a first target temperature such that the reducing agent supplied by the reducing agent supply device is brought into a gas-liquid mixed state in an exhaust passage, when energy of exhaust gas is lower than a first threshold.

Abstract: In cases where an adsorption amount of ammonia in the SCR catalyst is smaller than a predetermined target adsorption amount, when a condition of NOX being assumed not to flow into the SCR catalyst is satisfied, and when the temperature of the SCR catalyst falls within a temperature range (effective range) which is equal to or higher than a desorption temperature of ammonia adsorbed to the weak adsorption sites and which is less than a desorption temperature of ammonia adsorbed to the active sites, the adsorption of ammonia to the active sites is carried out, while suppressing the adsorption of ammonia to the weak adsorption sites, by supplying the additive agent to the SCR catalyst from a supply device.

Abstract: A device for purifying exhaust gas may be provided to purify exhaust gas in an engine includes an exhaust line through which exhaust gas discharged from the engine passes, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) that is disposed in the exhaust line to purify hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) of the exhaust gas, a urea injector that injects a urea aqueous solution into the exhaust line, and a selective catalyst reduction (SCR) that reduces nitrogen oxide of the exhaust gas passing through the DOC by use of the urea aqueous solution, in which the DOC includes an LTA zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: A method for the cleaning of exhaust gas from a compression ignition engine, comprising the steps of injecting a first amount of an aqueous urea solution into the gas; in a first mode of operation and at an exhaust gas temperature of between 150 and 220° C. hydrolysing the first amount of urea to ammonia reducing agent in presence of a first catalyst comprising vanadium oxide supported on titania and subsequently removing part of nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas by contacting the gas mixed with the ammonia reducing agent through a second catalyst comprising platinum on titania and/or alumina; and in a second mode of operation and at an exhaust gas temperature above 220° C. removing a part of the nitrogen oxides in presence of the first catalyst and the ammonia reducing agent and subsequently oxidising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and remaining amount of the ammonia reducing agent further contained in the exhaust gas by passing the gas through the second catalyst.

Abstract: This invention provides a carrier for a synthesis gas production catalyst that can suppress carbon depositions and allows to efficiently produce synthesis gas on a stable basis for a long duration of time when producing synthesis gas by carbon dioxide reforming. It is a carrier to be used for producing synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from source gas containing methane-containing light hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide. The carrier contains magnesium oxide grains and calcium oxide existing on the surfaces of magnesium oxide grains. The calcium oxide content thereof is between 0.005 mass % and 1.5 mass % in terms of Ca.

Abstract: A method for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine including, determining if a steady state condition exist and perturbing a reductant injection corresponding the steady state. Measuring a first and a second NOx values corresponding to the steady state and resulting from the perturbation, and computing a gradient of the NOx values relative to the steady state respectively. The method also includes comparing the gradient of the second NOx value with one of the first NOx value, if the gradient of the first NOx value is within a selected range of the gradient of the second NOx value, identifying poor efficiency operation for the engine and setting an estimated reductant storage at zero. Otherwise if the gradient of the second NOx value exceeds a selected threshold, identifying a reductant slip condition and setting the estimated storage at maximum, if not, making no corrections in estimated storage.

Abstract: Exhaust gas systems includes an oxidation catalyst (OC) capable of receiving exhaust gas and oxidizing one or more of combustable hydrocarbons (HC) and one or more nitrogen oxide (NOx) species, a selective catalytic reduction device (SCR) disposed downstream from and in fluid communication with the OC, an upstream NOx sensor disposed upstream from the SCR, and a downstream NOx sensor disposed downstream from the SCR. Methods for controlling systems include providing exhaust gas to the OC and subsequently the SCR, measuring an upstream exhaust gas NOx concentration, measuring a downstream exhaust gas NOx concentration, determining a NOx differential by subtracting the downstream exhaust gas NOx concentration from the upstream exhaust gas NOx concentration; and comparing the NOx differential to a differential threshold to determine OC catalytic performance. The method is conducted under while OC is above a NOx to NH3 conversion yield threshold, and/or under rich conditions.

Abstract: A reducing agent injection device includes a honeycomb structure and a urea spraying device spraying a urea water solution in mist form. A pair of electrode members is formed in the honeycomb structure. The honeycomb structure of the reducing agent injection device, the hydraulic diameter HD, defined as HD=4×S/C, when the area of the cross section of one of the cells in the cross section perpendicular to the cell extending direction is S, and the peripheral length of the cross section of one of the cells is C, is 0.8 to 2.0 mm. Also, the open frontal area OFA of the honeycomb structure in the cross section perpendicular to the cell extending direction is 45 to 80%.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a sound absorbing material, a manufacturing method thereof and a speaker using the sound absorbing material. The speaker comprises a shell with a receiving space, a sound production unit disposed in the shell, and a rear cavity encircled by the sound production unit and the shell. The rear cavity is filled with a sound absorbing material. The sound absorbing material comprises MEL structured molecular sieves. The framework of the MEL structured molecular sieves comprises silicon dioxide.

Abstract: According to principles of the embodiments as disclosed herein, an exhaust gas scrubber system with a two-chamber exhaust gas scrubber is provided which allows for scrubbing of exhaust gases without the use of chemicals. In particular, the process fluid used in the system may be seawater. The exhaust gas scrubber includes a first scrubbing chamber having a fluid spraying system, such as an array of atomizing nozzles that spray atomized seawater into the chamber. The atomized seawater aids in reducing the concentration of sulfur oxides in an exhaust gas stream.

Abstract: Catalytic materials, and in particular, rhodium-containing catalytic materials for exhaust gas purifying catalyst composites are provided herein. Such materials comprise multimetallic Rh-containing nanoparticles, which are present primarily inside aggregated particles of a support (such as alumina). Such catalytic materials can exhibit excellent conversion of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to micron-sized particle used for catalyzing and storing NOx gases, such as those found in vehicle exhaust emissions, washcoats employing micron-sized particle used for catalyzing and storing NOx gases, washcoat coated substrates, lean NOx trap (LNT) systems, and vehicles using such systems. Also provided are methods of preparing micron-sized particle used for catalyzing and storing NOx gases, as well as preparation of washcoats and coated substrates. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a lean NOx trapping materials, wherein the materials include a NOx catalytic component attached to a micron-sized carrier particle and a NOx storage component, as well as washcoats and coated substrates useful in the treatment of exhaust gases. In some embodiments, a portion of the NOx storage component is attached to the micron-sized carrier particle.

Abstract: Disclosed are SCR predictive control systems, methods for using such control systems, and motor vehicles with SCR employing predictive control. A method for regulating operation of an SCR system includes receiving sensor signals indicative of NOx output downstream from an SCR catalyst, and sensor signals indicative of exhaust gas temperature upstream from the SCR catalyst. The method determines if a model error condition has occurred for the NOx output signal and, responsive to such an occurrence, modulating dosing injector output for at least a calibrated designated time period. Upon expiration of the designated time period, the dosing injector is activated and commanded to inject reductant in accordance with a modulated dosing value. After the dosing injector injects the modulated dosing value of reductant, the method determines if the SCR system is underdosing or overdosing based on a response shape of signals received from the outlet NOx content sensor.

Abstract: A method for determining the degree of saturation of a solid ammonia storage material in a storage unit includes activating a heater to release ammonia from the storage material until the pressure of the storage unit reaches a predetermined pressure. The method then deactivates the heater and determining a decay rate of the pressure of the storage unit while the heater is deactivated. The method estimates the degree of saturation of the ammonia storage medium in response to the decay rate. According to some embodiments, determining the decay rate may include measuring the time required for the pressure of the storage unit to drop from a first pressure threshold to a second pressure threshold.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine in which a catalyst capable of adsorbing and oxidizing hydrocarbon is provided in an exhaust pipe, the exhaust purification apparatus including temperature detection means for detecting a temperature of the catalyst, estimation means for accumulating a time during which the temperature of the catalyst detected by the temperature detection means is equal to or less than a predetermined temperature, and estimating an amount of hydrocarbon adsorbed on the catalyst from the accumulated time, and control means for controlling fuel ejection of the internal combustion engine in a first ejection mode in which the temperature of the catalyst is increased to a temperature where hydrocarbons adsorbed on the catalyst are oxidized, in a case in which the amount of hydrocarbons estimated by the estimation means exceeds a predetermined upper limit.

Abstract: An exhaust device for an engine includes an engine main body having a cylinder head provided with a manifold exhaust passage formed with a gathering exhaust port, a turbo supercharger, a catalyst device provided adjacent to the turbo supercharger, and a processing device disposed on the same side as the cylinder head surface of the engine main body. The processing device includes an exhaust gas processing device and an EGR device. The turbo supercharger guides exhaust gas discharged from the gathering exhaust port upward. The catalyst device includes a carrier, and a container which allows the exhaust gas to pass through a lower region of the carrier. The EGR device and the exhaust gas processing device are at least disposed below the catalyst device.

Abstract: An automotive service liquid tank for receiving a service liquid of a motor vehicle, in particular an aqueous urea solution, has a tank wall that encloses a tank volume on the inside of the tank, wherein the tank has locally, by comparison with at least one other tank region, at least one region with enhanced thermal insulation, in order to influence a freezing behavior of the service liquid received in the tank in such a way that the service liquid, when the outside temperature drops, freezes later in the tank region with enhanced thermal insulation than in the at least one other tank region without enhanced thermal insulation. According to the invention it is provided that the enhanced thermal insulation is formed integrally with the tank wall.

Abstract: A limestone supply device is provided for supplying calcium carbonate to an upstream of a desulfurization device and a heat exchanger disposed on an upstream of the desulfurization device on a flue gas duct through which flue gas discharged from a combustion engine in which a fuel burns flows. An air pollution control system having the limestone supply device is provided, including a calcium carbonate accumulate unit configured to accumulate calcium carbonate, a calcium carbonate transport unit configured to transport the calcium carbonate accumulated in the calcium carbonate accumulate unit, a calcium carbonate supply unit configured to supply the calcium carbonate transported by the calcium carbonate transport unit to the flue gas duct, and a moisture supply unit configured to supply moisture to a region to which the calcium carbonate is supplied by the calcium carbonate supply unit.

Abstract: The invention provides an exhaust gas cleaning oxidation catalyst and in particular to an oxidation catalyst for cleaning the exhaust gas discharged from internal combustion engines of compression ignition type (particularly diesel engines). The invention further relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising an oxidising catalyst on a substrate monolith for use in treating exhaust gas emitted from a lean-burn internal combustion engine. In particular, the invention relates to a catalysed substrate monolith comprising a first washcoat coating and a second washcoat coating, wherein the second washcoat coating is disposed in a layer above the first washcoat coating.

Abstract: A process for separating carbon dioxide from a fluid containing carbon dioxide, NO2, and at least one of oxygen, argon, and nitrogen comprises the steps of separating at least part of the fluid into a carbon dioxide enriched stream, a carbon dioxide depleted stream comprising CO2 and at least one of oxygen, argon, and nitrogen and a NO2 enriched stream and recycling said NO2 enriched stream upstream of the separation step.

Abstract: A filter element (10) of a filter for fluid, particularly fuel, oil, water, urea solution or air, particularly of a combustion engine, particularly of an automobile, and a method for manufacturing same are described. The filter element (10) comprises a filter medium (14) structured as a filter medium hollow body (12) and closed circumferentially at least with respect to an element axis (16). The filter medium (14) is enclosed at least partially circumferentially and at least partially axially by an electrical heating jacket (26). The filter medium (14) has, on at least one front side, an end member (32) that is connected tightly at least to the filter medium (14). After insertion of the filter medium hollow body (12) into the heating jacket (26), the front side of the filter medium hollow body (12) is provided with an end member (32).

Abstract: The present invention provide a method for purifying exhaust gas in which nitrogen oxides (NOx) gas is removed from a combustion exhaust gas. The method for purifying exhaust gas according to the invention is characterized in that water vapor is further added to raw exhaust gas to be processed to increase the water vapor concentration in the exhaust gas and the resulting moisture-adjusted exhaust gas is introduced into a denitration catalyst layer. The water vapor concentration in the moisture-adjusted exhaust gas is preferably 22.0% by volume or less in the total of the water vapor originally contained in the raw exhaust gas and the added water vapor.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.

Abstract: This disclosure features an exhaust aftertreatment system that includes a selective catalytic reduction catalyst that includes (1) a metal oxide catalyst and a metal zeolite catalyst, (2) a metal oxide catalyst that is other than a vanadium oxide catalyst and a vanadium oxide catalyst, or (3) a metal oxide catalyst that is other than a vanadium oxide catalyst together with a metal zeolite catalyst and a vanadium oxide catalyst. When used in a selective catalytic reduction system in a diesel engine, the catalyst composition can increase a conversion efficiency of nitrogen oxides (NOx) to nitrogen and water by a minimum of 2 percent compared to the metal zeolite catalyst alone, the metal oxide catalyst alone, or the vanadium oxide catalyst alone, when present.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment fluid system includes a tank housing for storing an exhaust treatment fluid. A suction tube includes a first end positioned within the housing and a second end in communication with a suction port of the housing. An elongated laminar flow device is secured to a discharge port of the housing such that exhaust treatment fluid flows along surfaces thereof as the exhaust treatment fluid is returned to the tank housing. The laminar flow device includes a non-circular cross-section.

Abstract: A satisfactory oxygen storage material and a method for producing it are provided. The oxygen storage material comprises zirconia particles with a ceria-zirconia complex oxide supported on the zirconia particles. The ceria-zirconia complex oxide includes a pyrochlore phase and has a mean crystallite diameter of 10 nm to 22.9 nm.

Abstract: Effect of the type of ZPGM material composition to improve thermal stability of ZPGM catalyst systems for TWC application is disclosed. ZPGM catalyst system samples are prepared and configured with washcoat on ceramic substrate, overcoat including doped Zirconia support oxide, and impregnation layer including either Cu1Mn2O4 spinel or Cu1Co1Mn1O4 spinel. Testing of ZPGM catalyst samples including variations of aging temperatures and different impregnation layer materials are developed under isothermal steady state sweep test condition for ZPGM catalyst systems to evaluate performance especially NOx conversions and level of thermal stability. As a result disclosed ZPGM catalyst systems with most suitable spinel that includes Cu1Co1Mn1O4 in impregnation layer exhibit high NOx conversion and significant improved thermal stability compare to Cu1Mn2O4 spinel, which is suitable for under floor and close coupled TWC application.