Abstract: An exhaust aftertreatment system may include a reductant tank, a reactor system, a storage tank, a first conduit and a second conduit. The reactor system may receive reductant from the reductant tank and may output a gas comprising ammonia. The storage tank may receive gas comprising ammonia from the reactor system and may store a volume of gas comprising ammonia. The first conduit may communicate gas comprising ammonia from the reactor system to a stream of exhaust gas. The first conduit may bypass the storage tank. The second conduit may communicate gas comprising ammonia from the storage tank to the stream of exhaust gas.

Abstract: An exhaust gas system for an engine producing an exhaust gas includes an exhaust gas tube configured to receive the exhaust gas. A particulate filter is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas tube and configured to undergo thermal regeneration when the exhaust gas in the particulate filter is heated above a regeneration temperature. A generator unit is positioned downstream of the particulate filter and includes a first catalyst. A tank is configured to store a precursor material. The generator unit is configured to employ the precursor material and the heat generated for the thermal regeneration of the particulate filter to generate an ammonia gas from the precursor material. The system includes a controller having a processor and tangible, non-transitory memory on which is recorded instructions for executing a method of controlling generation of ammonia gas in the generator unit and injection of ammonia gas in the exhaust gas tube.

Abstract: A direct reduced iron manufacturing system includes a gas reformer for supplying steam to reform natural gas, a gas heater being a heating unit for heating a reformed gas reformed by the gas reformer to a predetermined temperature, a direct reduction furnace for reducing iron ore directly into reduced iron using a high-temperature reducing gas, an acid gas removal unit having an acid gas component absorber and a regenerator for releasing the acid gas, and a recovery gas introduction line for supplying a recovery gas released from the regenerator to each of a reforming furnace of the gas reformer and a furnace of the gas heater.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a catalyst carrier. At first, aluminum hydroxide is used for forming an alumina powder. The alumina powder is mixed with carbon nanotubes and a complex additive to be shaped into a cake. The cake is kneaded into a noodle-like shape to be hot-dried. Then, calcination is processed in a furnace under 1200 celsius degrees (° C.) with air passed through. The crystal structure remains without phase change. A catalyst carrier of ?-alumina having nano-scaled pores is formed. The catalyst carrier is a powdery material made into different three-dimensional forms. The catalyst carrier thus fabricated is suitable for generating hydrogen through methane reformation. The catalyst carrier has a methane conversion greater than 99 percents. The catalyst carrier will not be crumbled under 800° C. for 4000 hours without carbon deposit.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that relate to an SCR aftertreatment system and incentives/inducements for an operator/user to maintain the SCR aftertreatment in compliance with operating requirements and/or regulations. An engine is operationally coupled to at least one of a DEF tank and an SCR aftertreatment system. An inducement signal value is determined in response to a threshold value being obtained relating to at least one of the DEF tank level indication, a DEF quality indication, and an SCR aftertreatment system malfunction indication. The inducement signal value initiates at least one derate value of the engine to incentivize or induce the operator to have the aftertreatment system maintained and avoid or prevent out-of compliance operation of the SCR aftertreatment system.

Abstract: A process for reducing the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere with the exhaust gas stream produced by the combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel in an internal combustion engine (ICE) used to power a vehicle by capturing at least a portion of the CO2 in a liquid sorbent on board the vehicle, recovering the CO2 from the sorbent and compressing the CO2 for temporary storage on board the vehicle, where the process is operated as a semi-closed system in which the liquid sorbent that captures the CO2 serves as a working fluid and retains the CO2 during the power generation cycle to produce mechanical energy or work, after which the CO2 is desorbed for densification and recovery as an essentially pure gas stream and the working fluid is recycled for use in the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a configuration method of a multifunctional particulate filter (MFPF), capable of reducing the content of particulate material (PM), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC), and increasing the content of nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The MFPF may coat zeolite and an oxidation catalyst on both exhaust gas intake/discharge sides simultaneously, so as to minimize the slippage of HC and generate high-concentration NO2.

Abstract: A direct reduced iron manufacturing system includes a gas reformer for supplying steam to reform natural gas, a gas heater being a heating unit for heating a reformed gas reformed by the gas reformer to a predetermined temperature, a direct reduction furnace for reducing iron ore directly into reduced iron using a high-temperature reducing gas, an acid gas removal unit having an acid gas component absorber and a regenerator for releasing the acid gas, and a recovery gas introduction line for supplying a recovery gas released from the regenerator to each of a reforming furnace of the gas reformer and a furnace of the gas heater.

Abstract: A system includes a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst fluidly coupled to an exhaust conduit of an engine system. The nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst is configured to reduce nitrogen oxides in an engine exhaust. The system also includes an ammonia oxidation catalyst fluidly coupled to the exhaust conduit downstream of the nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst and configured to reduce ammonia in the engine exhaust. Further, the system includes a reductant injection control system configured to control an injection of reductant into the exhaust conduit, determine a first nitrogen oxide conversion rate of the nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst, determine an ammonia storage value of the nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst, and determine a first temperature of the engine exhaust upstream of the ammonia oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically effective composition for a multilayer catalyst for exhaust gas after-treatment of combustion facilities and to a multilayer catalyst containing the catalytically effective composition. Moreover, the invention relates to an exhaust gas after-treatment system and to a vehicle which both contain the catalyst according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stable, highly concentrated, aqueous suspension of nanoparticles, particularly of titanium dioxide particles, a method for production, and use of the suspension, e.g. for coating or impregnation, or as an additive in organic or inorganic matrices. The suspension contains a first dispersant based on a polymeric alkoxylate and a second dispersant selected from the group of amino alcohols. The suspension is preferably characterized by the fact that its stability is preserved even during and after vigorous dispersion in an attrition mill and no increase in viscosity occurs. In a preferred embodiment, the viscosity declines by up to 10 to 50% as a function of the milling time. In a further embodiment, the suspension can be dried and subsequently redispersed, without the state of dispersion deteriorating.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine provided with a filter supporting an SCR catalyst, the present invention is intended to suppress HC and CO from being discharged to the outside at the time of the execution of filter regeneration processing, and to carry out the filter regeneration processing in an efficient manner. In the present invention, a post-catalyst having an oxidation function is arranged in an exhaust passage at the downstream side of the filter. Then, when the temperature of the post-catalyst is lower than a predetermined activation temperature at the time the execution of the filter regeneration processing is requested, the temperature of the post-catalyst is raised by carrying out control of raising the temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine, and control increasing the flow rate of the exhaust gas, before the execution of the filter regeneration processing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a device for mounting an injector to an exhaust pipe. The device includes an injector mounting structure having an exterior surface configured for mounting the injector. The injector mounting structure also includes an interior surface arrangement defining an interior volume and a port for allowing the injector to inject a reductant into the interior volume. The interior surface arrangement is configured to prevent swirling of exhaust within the interior volume.

Abstract: Systems and methods for abating NOx in an exhaust stream are provided. System using a lean NOx trap, an air injector and optional catalysts and filters are described. The emissions treatment system is advantageously used for the treatment of exhaust streams from diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system comprises an exhaust gas purification device which is arranged in an exhaust gas route of an engine, renewing devices, for burning and removing a particulate matter within the exhaust gas purification device, renewal advance notifying means which is actuated in the case that a clogged state of the exhaust gas purification device becomes equal to or more than a prescribed level, and renewal informing means which informs of a fact that the renewing devices are under operation. The renewal advance notifying means is actuated before actuating the renewing devices.

Abstract: A system includes an exhaust aftertreatment system configured to treat emissions from a combustion engine. The exhaust aftertreatment system includes a first catalyst assembly having an outlet. The exhaust aftertreatment system also includes an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) assembly configured to receive a fluid from the first catalyst assembly and to convert ammonia (NH3) within the fluid into nitrogen (N2), wherein the ASC assembly has an inlet. The exhaust aftertreatment system further includes a silencer disposed between the outlet of the first catalyst assembly and the inlet of the ASC assembly, wherein the silencer is configured to receive the fluid and an oxidant for mixing with the fluid provide sufficient oxygen in the fluid flowing into the inlet of the ASC assembly to enable the catalytic activity in the ASC assembly that coverts NH3 into N2, and the silencer is configured to mix the fluid and the oxidant.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ammonia gas generator for producing ammonia from an ammonia precursor substance as well as the use thereof in exhaust after treatment systems. The invention further relates to a method for producing ammonia gas to reduce nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases, in particular combustion gases from internal combustion engines such as diesel engines.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the absorption and in situ oxidation of nitric oxide (NO) in the presence of water and oxygen in ionic liquid compositions at ambient temperature.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method pertaining to SCR systems for exhaust cleaning whereby liquid is supplied to a feed device via which it is supplied to a dosing unit at a consumption point of the SCR system. The method includes continuously determining cumulative amounts of liquid dosed via the dosing unit. Need for replacement or cleaning of a filter unit for said liquid is also determined on the basis of the cumulative amounts of liquid dosed. The method further includes dosing at least part of the liquid supplied via the feed device and feeding undosed liquid back in a return flow to enable it to be supplied again to the feed device. Also disclosed is a computer program product that includes code for a computer for implementing the disclosed method.

Abstract: An arrangement for introducing a liquid medium into exhaust gases from a combustion engine: A mixing chamber (3) has exhaust gases flow through it. Its downstream end (5) has an endwall (7) of thermally conductive material as an end surface of the mixing chamber (3). An injector injects the liquid medium spray into the mixing chamber (3) or into exhaust gases led into the mixing chamber (3). An exhaust passage (13) adjacent to the mixing chamber (3) is intended for exhaust gases to flow through it and is delineated from the mixing chamber (3) by the endwall (7). Heat flanges (14) of thermally conductive material are situated on at least part of the side of said endwall (7) which faces towards the exhaust passage (13), extend into the exhaust passage (13), absorb heat from exhaust gases which flow through the exhaust passage and give off this heat to the endwall.

Abstract: The invention relates to an SCR catalytic convertor system and a method for operating a reductant metering process of an SCR catalytic converter system (14) of an internal combustion engine (10), wherein the SCR catalytic converter system (14) has a first SCR exhaust emission control device (16), an SCR catalytic converter (18) arranged downstream of the SCR exhaust emission control device, and a reductant metering device (20) for metering a reductant into the exhaust gas flow upstream of the first SCR exhaust emission control device (16), wherein the reductant metering process is controlled at least depending on a temperature of the first SCR exhaust emission control device (16) and of the SCR catalytic converter (18) arranged downstream, wherein (I) if the temperature of the first SCR exhaust emission control device (16) is greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum temperature (T_SPF min) and the SCR catalytic converter (18) arranged downstream is less than a predetermined minimum temperature (T_SCR

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removal of SO2 from exhaust gas from a marine engine or a marine boiler of a ship. The exhaust gas from said marine engine or marine boiler is cooled and washed with seawater in a first scrubber section, and subsequently, in a second scrubber section, washed with circulating freshwater with an addition of an alkaline chemical. The circulating freshwater used for washing is warmer than the seawater used for cooling in the first scrubber section. The warmer freshwater is indirectly heat exchanged with cold seawater. The exhaust gas washed in the first scrubber section is passed via a demister unit before it is washed with circulating freshwater in the second scrubber section. The invention further relates to a corresponding scrubber system.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas aftertreatment device for an internal combustion engine, for use in a motor vehicle, includes an exhaust tract with at least one exhaust pipe and at least one exhaust-gas aftertreatment element. The exhaust-pipe internal wall and/or the at least one exhaust-gas aftertreatment element have/has a vapour-sorbing material forming at least one exhaust-tract-side sorption element.

Abstract: An exhaust after-treatment system is described. Generally speaking, the system includes separate primary and secondary NOx reducing systems for delivering reductant to an exhaust stream, a sensor system for determining relevant operating conditions and an electronic control module for activating the reducing systems. Methods for reducing NOx in an exhaust stream are also described. Generally speaking, the methods include the steps of determining a need for NOx reduction in an exhaust stream, determining exhaust temperature, determining ambient temperature, and injecting at least one of a primary reductant and a secondary reductant into the exhaust stream based on the determined temperature. The system and method are particularly useful during cold start conditions, as well as lightly loaded application in conditions where the ambient temperature is below 45 F where the SCR catalyst may not fully function.

Abstract: The present invention describes the process of preparing ceramics for the absorption of ACIDIC gases, which worsen the greenhouse effect, that are released in combustion systems, or that are present in closed environments. In relation to carbon dioxide, principal target of the present invention, the process of absorption, transport, processing and transformation of the gas into other products is described. The process uses ceramic materials prepared through the solid mixture of one or more metallic oxides, with one or more binding agents and an expanding agent. The product generated can be processed and the absorbent system regenerated. The carbon dioxide obtained in the processing can be used as analytic or commercial carbonic gas, various carbamates and ammonium carbonate.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods are disclosed for reducing the amount of nitrous oxide (N2O) produced in a selective catalytic reductant (SCR) catalyst in an exhaust aftertreatment system. The SCR catalysts are arranged to reduce the amount of N2O produced during NOx reduction while not adversely affecting NOx conversion.

Abstract: An SCR method for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, according to which ammonia gas is exclusively metered in the exhaust gases, the method comprising a step of releasing ammonia gas from at least one solid absorbing matrix where it is stored by sorption and a step of metering the released ammonia gas in the exhaust gases. The method is such that it comprises a step of regenerating the solid absorbing matrix that consists in: generating a refilling ammonia gas by thermally decomposing an ammonia precursor in a heater mounted on board the vehicle; directing the refilling ammonia gas to the solid absorbing matrix where it is stored thereon.

Abstract: Reductant delivery systems are disclosed that include a dry reductant source and a liquid reductant source which are operable to selectively provide gaseous reductant and liquid reductant to an exhaust aftertreatment system for treatment and reduction of NOx emissions. The gaseous reductant is provided to the exhaust aftertreatment system for treatment of NOx emissions under a first temperature condition associated with the exhaust system and the liquid reductant for treatment of NOx emissions under a second temperature condition associated with the exhaust system.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for controlling regeneration in a diesel engine after-treatment system having a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and a diesel particulate filter (DPF). The method includes injecting an amount of fuel into an exhaust gas flow upstream of the DOC to superheat the gas flow and assessing a rate of the warm-up of the DOC. The method also includes determining, in response to the assessed rate of the warm-up of the DOC, an amount of catalyst substance available in the DOC for catalyzing the exhaust gas flow. The method additionally includes reducing the amount of fuel injected into the DOC such that the determined available amount of catalyst substance is utilized in the DOC for catalyzing the exhaust gas flow and a predetermined amount of fuel is permitted to slip through the DOC to maintain regeneration temperature in the DPF. A system and a vehicle are also disclosed.

Abstract: The system for treating exhaust gas comprises an exhaust duct, a catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust duct and an injector for injecting a substance into the system. The system further comprises a bypass duct bypassing a section of the exhaust duct, wherein the bypass duct is arranged such that only part of the catalytic converter is bypassed by the bypass duct.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to processes using a new crystalline molecular sieve designated SSZ-96, which is synthesized using a 1-butyl-1-methyl-octahydroindolium cation as a structure directing agent.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for determining or diagnosing a reagent dosing system failure to provide sufficient reagent to an exhaust aftertreatment system that includes an SCR catalyst to satisfy a reagent dosing command.

Abstract: A mixing element positioned at an exhaust outlet of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) module is provided. The mixing element includes a base plate having an upper surface and a lower surface. The base plate is configured to deflect a portion of a flow of a fluid around the upper surface thereof. The mixing element also includes a plurality of vanes attached to the lower surface of the base plate in a spaced apart arrangement. The plurality of vanes is configured to induce a swirling effect in a flow of the fluid received therebetween.

Abstract: A Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) that includes urea, demineralized water and between 5 and 300 ppm formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propianaldehyde, or butyraldehyde, and this formulation of DEF include less than 0.6 ppm of phosphates, calcium, iron, aluminum, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, the formulation also includes less than 0.3 ppm copper, zinc, chromium, and nickel. This formulation of DEF reduces the accumulation of urea deposit in the diesel exhaust system relative to other formulation of specification grade DEF that include less formaldehyde.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system and a method of use (2) to reduce the amount of N2O produced in a selective catalytic reduction catalytic converter (SCR catalytic converter) (6) and/or in an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC catalyst) (4) disposed in the exhaust gas flow from a combustion engine (3): The system (2) includes an SCR catalytic converter (6) arranged in an exhaust gas line (8) upstream of an optional ASC catalyst (4). The exhaust gases from the combustion engine (3) pass through the SCR catalytic converter (6) and any ASC catalyst (4) before they are released into the surroundings via the exhaust gas outlet (10). An injection device (12) injects a reducing agent into the exhaust gases in the exhaust gas line (8) upstream of the SCR catalytic converter (6) at a dosing frequency F.

Abstract: A method for operating an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine having at least one heater and a catalytic converter for converting hydrocarbons, includes operating the heater in such a way that it is adapted to the aging state of the catalytic converter. A method for operating a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle are also provided.

Abstract: A catalytic converter apparatus for use in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine includes a housing having a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and at least one catalytic substrate element disposed in the housing. The at least one substrate element is divided into a plurality of zones or sections, the zones at least partially separated from one another to inhibit heat flow. The zones can be at least partially separated with walls. The walls can include insulating material for reducing the mobility of heat radially outwardly. Each of the zones defines a generally separate flow passage connecting the inlet and outlet in fluid communication. The apparatus can heat more rapidly from a cold start compared with conventional catalytic converters.

Abstract: A mixing element positioned at an exhaust outlet of a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) module is provided. The mixing element includes a base plate having an upper surface and a lower surface. The base plate is configured to deflect a portion of a flow of a fluid around the upper surface thereof. The mixing element also includes a plurality of vanes attached to the lower surface of the base plate in a spaced apart arrangement. The plurality of vanes is configured to induce a swirling effect in a flow of the fluid received therebetween.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing methane in an aftertreatment system of a vehicle are described. An oxidation catalyst is disposed in an exhaust path between an engine block and a turbocharger. The oxidation catalyst stores methane in the exhaust gas from the engine block during low temperatures and oxidizes the stored methane during high temperatures. The temperatures at the oxidation catalyst are controlled, in part, by operating engine cycles and/or a back pressure valve that can adjust pressure in the exhaust path and/or increase engine load.

Abstract: System, apparatus, and methods are disclosed for reductant dosing in an exhaust aftertreatment system. A dynamic flow rate and injection duration of a reductant injected from a reductant dosing system to the exhaust aftertreatment system is controlled in response to a dosing command when the exhaust system is operating in a low temperature operating condition.

Abstract: An emissions cleaning module includes a flow conduit having an upstream end fluidly connected to a source of exhaust fluid and a downstream end fluidly connected to a mixer module. An injector module has an outlet orientated to inject injection fluid into the flow conduit upstream the mixer module. A low pressure cavity downstream the injector module outlet is fluidly connected to the flow conduit or the mixer module by an open mouth orientated such that a flow of exhaust fluid along the flow conduit flows over the open mouth creating a pressure reduction within the low pressure cavity.

Abstract: A urea injection controller for a motorized system includes a passive regeneration model configured and disposed to calculate an amount of NOx conversion resulting from an interaction between exhaust gases and soot entrained in a selective catalyst reduction filter (SCRF) device, a replenishment mode trigger module configured to set an ammonia replenishment request based on the passive regeneration model, and a replenishment control module configured to selectively activate a urea injector to discharge a particular amount of urea based on the regeneration model.

Abstract: A dosing control system for an exhaust system includes: a reductant fluid tank operable to contain a reductant solution comprising urea; an injector disposed in operable communication between a reductant tank and an SCR apparatus, the injector being operable to inject the reductant solution from the reductant tank into a flow of exhaust upstream of the SCR apparatus; a urea quality sensor (UQS) configured and disposed to sense a concentration of the urea in the reductant solution; and, a control module disposed in signal communication with the UQS and in operable communication with the injector, the control module being operable to adjust a dosing of the reductant solution injected by the injector based on a concentration of the urea in the reductant solution.

Abstract: A Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) that includes urea, demineralized water and between 5 and 300 ppm formaldehyde, this formulation of DEF include less than 0.6 ppm of phosphates, calcium, iron, aluminum, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, the formulation also includes less than 0.3 ppm copper, zinc, chromium, and nickel. This formulation of DEF reduces the accumulation of urea deposit in the diesel exhaust system relative to other formulation of specification grade DEF that include less formaldehyde.

Abstract: System and methods can identify a source of nitrogen oxide reduction inefficiency in an exhaust system including first and second selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalysts connected in series along an exhaust line. The methods and systems can determine which of the first and second SCR catalysts is a source of nitrogen oxide reduction inefficiency based on the temperatures of the exhausts gases flowing through the first and second SCR catalysts.

Abstract: Described is a process for the treatment of a gas stream containing nitrogen oxides. The process comprises the steps of: (1) providing a gas stream containing one or more nitrogen oxides; (2) contacting the gas stream provided in step (1) with a transition metal containing zeolitic material having a BEA-type framework structure for reacting one or more of the nitrogen oxides; wherein the zeolitic material is obtainable from an organotemplate-free synthetic process. Also described is an apparatus for the treatment of a gas stream comprising containing nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an exhaust gas post-processing apparatus, and more particularly, to an exhaust gas post-processing apparatus and a control method thereof which reduce emission of nitrogen oxide (NOx) by bypassing high-temperature exhaust gas to a front end of a selective catalytic reduction. Accordingly, some embodiments of the present disclosure have been made to solve one or more of the aforementioned problems, and some embodiments of the present disclosure increase a reducing rate of nitrogen oxide by controlling a flow of exhaust gas by changing a structure of an exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas post-processing apparatus and the control method thereof according to the present disclosure may increase a reducing rate of nitrogen oxide.

Abstract: An exhaust gas aftertreatment system, in particular for V-type diesel engines, is provided. The system includes, disposed in the exhaust line of the engine in the direction of the exhaust gas flow, a first SCR stage, a catalytically activated particulate filter (cDPF), a second SCR stage, and an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC). A method for purifying diesel engine exhaust gases containing hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, soot particles, and nitrogen oxides consisting of NO and NO2 is also provided.

Abstract: A catalyst system may include a three-way catalyst that receives exhaust gases from an engine and an ammonia slip catalyst that receives exhaust gases from the three-way catalyst. An air injection component can be configured between the three-way catalyst and the ammonia slip catalyst. A first sensor can determine first exhaust gases data and transmits that data to a controller, while a second sensor can determine second exhaust gases data and transmit that data to a controller. The controller can estimate unmeasured exhaust gases data based on the data received from the sensors and determine a setting of a component of the system and/or of the engine based on the unmeasured exhaust gases data.

Abstract: A system for NOx reduction in combustion gases, especially from diesel engines, incorporates an oxidation catalyst to convert at least a portion of NO to NO2, particulate filter, a source of reductant such as NH3 and an SCR catalyst and methods for operating such a system are disclosed. Considerable improvements in NOx conversion and soot reduction are observed even at relatively low operating temperatures.