Abstract: The present disclosure relates, in part, to enhanced weathering systems and/or apparatuses and methods of use thereof. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of at least partially sequestering CO2 from an influent aqueous solution comprising aqueous and/or gaseous CO2. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of at least partially sequestering CO2 from a gaseous CO2 source. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides systems and/or apparatuses suitable for use in the methods described herein. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method of optimizing the design and operation of a system for at least partial sequestration of CO2 from a water source.

Abstract: In general, the subject matter described herein relates to wettable materials that can be used to expose a liquid phase to a gas phase. An example method includes: providing a material including a polymeric substrate and at least one of: a silicate coating disposed over the polymeric substrate; or a polar mineral additive dispersed within the polymeric substrate at a loading from about 1% to about 25%, by weight; and using the material in a chemical process in which the material is at least partially covered by a liquid phase and the liquid phase is exposed to a gas phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a solid comprising the mixture of a set of compounds comprising at least one Cu2(OH)2CO3 powder, one metal oxide powder selected from the group of metals consisting of copper, zinc, iron, manganese and mixtures thereof, and at least one binder as well as the use of the solid prepared by means of this method.

Abstract: A particulate desulfurization material includes one or more copper compounds supported on a zinc oxide support material, wherein the desulfurization material has a copper content in the range 0.1 to 5.0% by weight and a tapped bulk density ?1.55 kg/l. The material is obtained by (i) mixing a powdered copper compound with a particulate zinc support material comprising zinc oxide and one or more precursors that form zinc oxide upon calcination, and one or more binders to form a copper-containing composition, (ii) shaping the copper-containing composition by granulation, and (iii) drying and calcining the resulting granulated material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous alkanolamine solution demonstrating low volatility comprising 2-di-methylamino-2-hydroxymethyl-1, 3-propanediol useful for removing acid gases from gaseous mixtures. Said aqueous alkanolamine solution may further comprise one or more of an acid or acid-forming compound, another amino compound, an activator, a physical solvent, or one or more other compounds used in gal-liquid treatment practices. Further, the present invention relates to a process for removing acid gases from a gaseous mixture, preferably hydrogen sulfide, comprising the step of contacting the gaseous mixture with said aqueous alkanolamine solution. Examples of the gaseous mixtures include natural gas, synthesis gas, tail gas, and refinery gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous alkanolamine solution demonstrating low volatility comprising 2-di-methylamino-2-hydroxymethyl-1, 3-propanediol useful for removing acid gases from gaseous mixtures. Said aqueous alkanolamine solution may further comprise one or more of an acid or acid-forming compound, another amino compound, an activator, a physical solvent, or one or more other compounds used in gal-liquid treatment practices. Further, the present invention relates to a process for removing acid gases from a gaseous mixture, preferably hydrogen sulfide, comprising the step of contacting the gaseous mixture with said aqueous alkanolamine solution. Examples of the gaseous mixtures include natural gas, synthesis gas, tail gas, and refinery gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing aggregate and calcium carbonate from concrete aggregate, and a device for carrying out said method.

Abstract: High-pressure steam supply in hydrogen production process is made more efficient by water gas shift process which comprises, in alternating sequence: (a) a reaction stage wherein a feed gas comprising CO and H2O is fed into a water gas shift reactor containing a sorbent material capable of adsorbing H2O and CO2 and wherein a product gas issuing from the reactor is collected, (b) a regeneration stage wherein CO2 is removed from the reactor, (c) a loading stage, wherein H2O is fed into the reactor; wherein said feed gas mixture has a molar ratio of H2O to CO below 1.2, and the loading stage is performed at a lower pressure than the pressure of the reaction stage.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods and systems for carrying out a pH-influenced chemical and/or biological reaction. In some embodiments, the pH-influenced reaction involves the conversion of CO2 to a dissolved species.

Abstract: The invention involves the formation of a stable iron (II) oxide and/or hydroxide. Preferably these oxides and/or hydroxides are present as nanoparticles in the 5-10 nanometer range. It has been discovered that such particles can be formed at lower cost and with fewer impurities by using ferrous carbonate (FeCO3) from siderite as compared to known processes from various iron salts such as sulfates and chlorides. The novel nanoparticles are particularly adapted to removing sulfur compounds such as H2S from liquid and/or gaseous streams, such as hydrocarbon streams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a CO2 y SO2 capture method comprising the following steps consisting in: a) introducing an aqueous stream of a hydroxide of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal and another gas stream of CO2 into a bubble column purifier/reactor, in order to form a carbonate of the alkali or alkaline-earth metal; b) introducing the carbonate of the alkali or alkaline-earth metal into a bubble column purifier/reactor, into which a stream of a gas mixture of CO2 and SO2 is introduced in order to form sulphite of an alkali or alkaline-earth metal and carbon dioxide; c) transforming the sulphite from step (b) into sulphate of said metal by means of oxidation with air; and d) re-circulating the unreacted CO2 produced during step (b) by reacting the slurry with the SO2, in the reactor from step (a).

Abstract: In some embodiments, the invention provides systems and methods for removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components of waste gas streams, comprising contacting the waste gas stream with an aqueous solution, removing carbon dioxide and/or additional components from the waste gas stream, and containing the carbon dioxide and/or additional components, in one form or another, in a composition. In some embodiments, the composition is a precipitation material comprising carbonates, bicarbonates, or carbonates and bicarbonates. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises carbonate and/or bicarbonate co-products resulting from co-processing SOx, NOx, particulate matter, and/or certain metals. Additional waste streams such as liquid, solid, or multiphasic waste streams may be processed as well.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to a method for sequestration contaminates. More particularly, the invention relates to a significant performance enhancement over existing mineral carbonation processes through the use of a high mass transfer system and an efficient pH swing reaction. More particularly, aspects of the invention are directed to direct and indirect methods of sequestering contaminates.

Abstract: A cyclical system that uses a metal hydroxide to produce a metal carbonate, remove carbon dioxide from a waste gas source, and produce more metal hydroxide needed for the beginning of the cycle. Initially, the metal hydroxide is mixed with waste gases in a carbon dioxide scrubber. The scrubber reacts the carbon dioxide with the metal hydroxide to produce a metal carbonate. Some of the metal carbon is removed, therein removing carbon dioxide from the environment. Some of the metal carbonate is heated to produce metal oxide and carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is drawn away. Oxygen is introduced into the reaction chamber. The oxygen reacts with the metal oxide to produce an oxidized metal oxide and heat. The oxidized metal oxide is reduced with an acid and volatile base to produce metal hydroxide. The metal hydroxide is recycled. The acid is regenerated. The volatile base is recovered and recycled.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a catalyst composition includes the steps of (i) combining one or more soluble metal compounds with a solution of an alkaline metal carbonate precipitant to form a precipitate of insoluble metal carbonates, (ii) processing the insoluble metal carbonates into a catalyst or catalyst precursor with the evolution of carbon dioxide, (iii) recovering at least a portion of the evolved carbon dioxide, and (iv) reacting the recovered carbon dioxide with a suitable alkaline metal compound in an absorber column to generate an alkaline metal carbonate, wherein at least a portion of the generated alkaline metal carbonate is used as a precipitant in step (i).

Abstract: Methods for removing carbon dioxide and other pollutants from a gas stream are provided. The methods include obtaining hydroxide in an aqueous mixture, mixing the hydroxide with the gas stream to produce bicarbonate products or a combination of carbonate and bicarbonate products in an admixture, separating the products from the admixture, and using the products to perform ion-exchanges with one or more group-1 or group-2 salts to precipitate carbonates, wherein obtaining the hydroxide comprises obtaining a group-1 or group-2 salt; mixing the salt with acid and water, acid and steam, or acid, water, and steam to produce a protonated brine solution; and electrolyzing the protonated brine solution to produce a hydroxide; and wherein mixing the hydroxide with the gas stream comprises altering the product equilibrium to favor the production of bicarbonate products.

Abstract: A method for the reduction of corrosion in a treatment unit acid used for separating hydrogen sulfide from and acid gas stream using an alkaline absorption solution. Ions comprising the S2? and/or HS? ions formed by the absorption of the hydrogen sulfide in the absorbent solution are subjected to in situ electrochemical oxidization to form polysulfide ions which form a protective coating on the surfaces of the unit.

Abstract: A method of scrubbing flue gas includes introducing flue gas comprising an acidic gas through an inlet into a tower; spraying an acid-absorptive fluid into the tower such that the acid-absorptive fluid contacts the flue gas; accumulating the acid-absorptive fluid in a recycle tank portion of the tower; and introducing an oxygen-containing gas into the acid-absorptive fluid in the recycle tank portion of the tower, wherein the oxygen-containing gas is introduced through at least one opening of an aerator, each of the at least one openings are positioned to release the oxygen-containing gas at least at a distance greater than or equal to a predetermined radial distance from the flue gas inlet, the predetermined radial distance being equal to at least 10% of a diameter of the recycle tank portion of the tower.

Abstract: An improved process for reduction-oxidation desulphurization uses an oxidizer operating at a pressure greater than the absorber where a liquid reduction-oxidation catalyst solution contacts a sulfur-containing gas feed stream.

Abstract: A method for treating a process gas with a liquid comprises contacting a process gas with a hygroscopic working fluid in order to remove a constituent from the process gas. A system for treating a process gas with a liquid comprises a hygroscopic working fluid comprising a component adapted to absorb or react with a constituent of a process gas, and a liquid-gas contactor for contacting the working fluid and the process gas, wherein the constituent is removed from the process gas within the liquid-gas contactor.

Abstract: The disclosure utilizes a hydroxide sorbent for humidification and CO2 removal from a gaseous stream comprised of CO and CO2 prior to entry into a water-gas-shift reactor, in order to decrease CO2 concentration and increase H2O concentration and shift the water-gas shift reaction toward the forward reaction products CO2 and H2. The hydroxide sorbent may be utilized for absorption of CO2 exiting the water-gas shift reactor, producing an enriched H2 stream. The disclosure further provides for regeneration of the hydroxide sorbent at temperature approximating water-gas shift conditions, and for utilizing H2O product liberated as a result of the CO2 absorption.

Abstract: A wet desulfurizing method for removal of H2S from gaseous stream at normal temperature, the method including: (a) contacting and reacting the gaseous stream containing H2S with a suspension containing desulfurizer in a desulfurization reactor; (b) leading the suspension containing waste agent produced by desulfurizing of desulfurizer after the reaction in step (a) to a regenerative reactor, and regenerating the waste agent using an oxygen-containing gas; (c) leading the suspension containing desulfurizer regenerated in step (b) to the desulfurization reactor in step (a), and contacting and reacting with the gaseous stream containing H2S. A simple method for removing hydrogen sulfide from gas at room temperature and normal pressure, which features high desulfurization rate and low cost.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing contaminants from a gas stream is provided which includes (a) introducing the gas stream into a reaction chamber of a scrubber; (b) oxidizing first contaminants in a liquid phase with a reactive species in a sump of the scrubber for providing an oxidizing solution; (c) oxidizing second contaminants in a gas phase of the gas stream above the sump with excess reactive species disengaging from the oxidizing solution in the sump; (d) oxidizing and scrubbing third contaminants in a gas-liquid contact assembly disposed above the gas stream.

Abstract: A process for the energy efficient, environmentally friendly recovery of liquid and gaseous products from solid or semi-solid hydrocarbon resources, in particular, oil shale or tar sands. The process involves non-oxidative pyrolysis to recover fluid energy values, oxidative combustion to recover energy values as recoverable heat, and environmental sequestration of gases produced.

Abstract: Systems and methods of capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide, comprising mixing a substantially non-aqueous solvent and an alkali such that the solvent and alkali form a solvent suspension, mixing water and a flue gas containing carbon dioxide with the solvent suspension such that a reaction occurs, the reaction resulting in the formation of a carbonate, water and heat. Methods and processes of environmental remediation and recovering metals from waste streams are also provided.

Abstract: A method of producing calcium carbonate from lime comprises the steps of: (i) providing an aqueous solution comprising 10% to 35% by weight of dissolved polyhydroxy compound and 1% to 5% by weight of dissolved calcium hydroxide (expressed as Ca(OH)2) and having a pH of at least 11.5; (ii) treating the solution prepared in step (i) to remove solids including suspended solids; (iii) dispersing carbon dioxide through the solution so as to form calcium carbonate with a consequential reduction in the pH of the reaction mixture, (iv) during a time period beginning at the start of a sudden, short rise in pH and ended during a subsequent fall in pH but before it reaches 9.5 terminating the dispersion of carbon dioxide and adding an alkaline reagent to maintain a pH for the product mixture of at least 9.5, and (v) recovering precipitated calcium carbonate.

Abstract: A process for CO2 separation using a regenerable Mg(OH)2 sorbent. The process absorbs CO2 through the formation of MgCO3 and releases water product H2O. The MgCO3 is partially regenerated through direct contact with steam, which acts to heat the magnesium carbonate to a higher temperature, provide heat duty required to decompose the magnesium carbonate to yield MgO and CO2, provide an H2O environment over the magnesium carbonate thereby shifting the equilibrium and increasing the potential for CO2 desorption, and supply H2O for rehydroxylation of a portion of the MgO. The mixture is polished in the absence of CO2 using water product H2O produced during the CO2 absorption to maintain sorbent capture capacity. The sorbent now comprised substantially of Mg(OH)2 is then available for further CO2 absorption duty in a cyclic process.

Abstract: An apparatus 100 for scrubbing flue gas 122, the apparatus 100 including a tower 140 having an inlet 120 receiving a flow of flue gas 122 and a recycle tank portion 142; a fluid 162 disposed in the recycle tank portion 142; and an aerator 150 having at least one opening 152 for introduction of an oxygen-containing gas 154 into the fluid 162, wherein the at least one opening 152 is positioned to release the oxygen-containing gas 154 at least at a distance greater than or equal to a predetermined radial distance F from the inlet 120, the predetermined radial distance F being equal to at least 10% of a diameter of the recycle tank portion 142.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods and systems for extracting, capturing, reducing, storing, sequestering, or disposing of carbon dioxide (CO2), particularly from the air. The CO2 extraction methods and systems involve the use of chemical processes. Methods are also described for extracting and/or capturing CO2 via exposing air containing carbon dioxide to a solution comprising a base—resulting in a basic solution which absorbs carbon dioxide and produces a carbonate solution. The solution is causticized and the temperature is increased to release carbon dioxide, followed by hydration of solid components to regenerate the base.

Abstract: A method for separating CO2 from combustion exhaust gas includes discharging the CO2-containing combustion exhaust gas mass flow into the carbonator of a carbonate looping system having at least one carbonator and one calciner. Combining the CO2 of the combustion exhaust gas mass flow with a carbonate-forming sorbent inside the carbonator to form a carbonate. Sending the carbonate as a carbonate-solids mass flow is sent to the calciner. Burning the carbonate at the carbonate-specific calcination temperature by the addition of heat provided by an additional firing that uses oxygen as the oxidant, whereby regenerated sorbent and a gas essentially containing CO2 is formed. Sending the hot regenerated sorbent to the carbonator as a sorbent-solids mass flow for carbonization of CO2, and discharging the hot gas as gas mass flow.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling emissions of acid forming gases such as sulfur dioxide from cement plants is disclosed. Gaseous effluent from the cement plant pyroprocessing chamber is routed to the plant's raw mill to heat and dry the feed meal used in cement production. When the raw mill is in operation microfine lime particles are sprayed into the raw mill using a nozzle system. The spraying of hydrated lime into the raw mill scrubs acid forming gases in the process gaseous effluent. When the raw mill is not operational, microfine lime is sprayed into a gas conditioning tower that is also used to reduce the temperature of the effluent gases to facilitate efficient collection of dust particles prior to emission of the cleansed effluent flow into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for the separation of carbon dioxide from gas mixtures is disclosed in which a metal oxide sorbent, which is used to capture and release carbon dioxide, is recycled. The process incorporates the regeneration of the carbon dioxide capture capacity of the metal oxide to maintain a high capture capacity over many cycles. The regeneration involves hydrating the metal oxide and then heating the resulting metal hydroxide under a gas atmosphere that is effective to suppress the dehydration of the hydroxide so that dehydration occurs at an elevated temperature. The regeneration may also be used independently from the carbon dioxide separation process to produce, from a metal hydroxide, a metal oxide having an enhanced resistance to attrition and fragmentation.

Abstract: An improved process for reduction-oxidation desulphurization uses an oxidizer operating at a pressure greater than the absorber where a liquid reduction-oxidation catalyst solution contacts a sulfur-containing gas feed stream.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing carbon dioxide present in an industrial effluent fluid stream containing carbon dioxide. A scrubbing material comprising a first component, a second component (distinct from the first component), and preferably water, is contacted with the effluent fluid stream. The first component comprises a source of calcium oxide and a source of alkali metal ions. The second component comprises a slag having one or more reactive silicate compounds. Methods of reducing carbon dioxide from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided. Carbon dioxide emission abatement systems are also disclosed. Methods of recycling industrial byproducts are further provided.

Abstract: A CO2 control device and method for capturing CO2 from fluid flow, including: a flow-through apparatus and an CO2 absorbing filter treated with an alkaline material which is housed within the flow-through apparatus. The flow-through apparatus receives fluid flow and the CO2 from the fluid flow is absorbed by the CO2 absorbing filter. The absorbed CO2 is converted into CaCO3 which is combined with volcanic ash to form a useful cement material.

Abstract: Methods of sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) are provided. Aspects of the methods include precipitating a storage stable carbon dioxide sequestering product from an alkaline-earth-metal-containing water and then disposing of the product, e.g., by placing the product in a disposal location or using the product as a component of a manufactured composition. Also provided are systems for practicing methods of the invention.

Abstract: A water-desalination and carbon dioxide extraction method employs a greenhouse having a transparent, double-pane roof structure and containing an open-top receptacle for a receiving quantity of saline water or an aqueous mixture, derived from flue gas, of dissolved and suspended alkaline metal salts, which roof structure and receptacle are substantially coextensive and rectangular. A series of remotely controllable nozzles, capable of producing sheet-like discharges, withdraw the saline water or the aqueous mixture from the receptacle and discharges it into the overlying space for exposure to solar radiation passing through the roof structure, for controlled absorption of solar energy by the saline water or for effecting release carbon dioxide at elevated temperatures. Ambient air, heated during passage through channels in the transparent roof structure, may be used in a second greenhouse for promoting evaporation of free water or in other method steps.

Abstract: A CO2 control device and method for capturing CO2 from fluid flow, including: a flow-through apparatus and an CO2 absorbing filter treated with an alkaline material which is housed within the flow-through apparatus. The flow-through apparatus receives fluid flow and the CO2 from the fluid flow is absorbed by the CO2 absorbing filter. The absorbed CO2 is converted into CaCO3 which is combined with volcanic ash to form a useful cement material.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing carbon dioxide present in an industrial effluent fluid stream containing carbon dioxide. A scrubbing material comprising a first component, a second component (distinct from the first component), and preferably water, is contacted with the effluent fluid stream. The first component comprises a source of calcium oxide and a source of alkali metal ions. The second component comprises a slag having one or more reactive silicate compounds. Methods of reducing carbon dioxide from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided. Carbon dioxide emission abatement systems are also disclosed. Methods of recycling industrial byproducts are further provided.

Abstract: A method of carbon dioxide capture is disclosed. In a step (a) anhydrous sodium carbonate is separated from a first aqueous solution formed by reacting carbon dioxide and an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. In step (b) the anhydrous sodium carbonate is treated by causticization to generate carbon dioxide and sodium hydroxide. The first aqueous solution of step (a) is formed by scrubbing a gas containing carbon dioxide with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A method of sequestering a greenhouse gas is described, which comprises: (i) providing a solution carrying a first reagent that is capable of reacting with a greenhouse gas; (ii) contacting the solution with a greenhouse gas under conditions that promote a reaction between the at least first reagent and the greenhouse gas to produce at least a first reactant; (iii) providing a porous matrix having interstitial spaces and comprising at least a second reactant; (iv) allowing a solution carrying the at least first reactant to infiltrate at least a substantial portion of the interstitial spaces of the porous matrix under conditions that promote a reaction between the at least first reactant and the at least second reactant to provide at least a first product; and (v) allowing the at least first product to form and fill at least a portion of the interior spaces of the porous matrix, thereby sequestering a greenhouse gas.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing carbon dioxide present in an industrial effluent fluid stream containing carbon dioxide. A scrubbing material comprising a first component, a second component (distinct from the first component), and preferably water, is contacted with the effluent fluid stream. The first component comprises a source of calcium oxide and a source of alkali metal ions. The second component comprises a slag having one or more reactive silicate compounds. Methods of reducing carbon dioxide from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided. Carbon dioxide emission abatement systems are also disclosed. Methods of recycling industrial byproducts are further provided.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing carbon dioxide present in an industrial effluent fluid stream containing carbon dioxide. A scrubbing material comprising a first component, a second component (distinct from the first component), and preferably water, is contacted with the effluent fluid stream. The first component comprises a source of calcium oxide and a source of alkali metal ions. The second component comprises a slag having one or more reactive silicate compounds. Methods of reducing carbon dioxide from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided. Carbon dioxide emission abatement systems are also disclosed. Methods of recycling industrial byproducts are further provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods of capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide, comprising mixing a substantially non-aqueous solvent and an alkali such that the solvent and alkali form a solvent suspension, mixing water and a flue gas containing carbon dioxide with the solvent suspension such that a reaction occurs, the reaction resulting in the formation of a carbonate, water and heat.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods and systems for extracting, capturing, reducing, storing, sequestering, or disposing of carbon dioxide (CO2), particularly from the air. The CO2 extraction methods and systems involve the use of chemical processes, mineral sequestration, and solid and liquid sorbents. Methods are also described for extracting and/or capturing CO2 via condensation on solid surfaces at low temperature.

Abstract: A CO2 control device and method for capturing CO2 from fluid flow, including: a flow-through apparatus and an CO2 absorbing filter treated with an alkaline material which is housed within the flow-through apparatus. The flow-through apparatus receives fluid flow and the CO2 from the fluid flow is absorbed by the CO2 absorbing filter. The absorbed CO2 is converted into CaCO3 which is combined with volcanic ash to form a useful cement material.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing carbon dioxide present in an industrial effluent fluid stream containing carbon dioxide. A scrubbing material comprising a first component, a second component (distinct from the first component), and preferably water, is contacted with the effluent fluid stream. The first component comprises a source of calcium oxide and a source of alkali metal ions. The second component comprises a slag having one or more reactive silicate compounds. Methods of reducing carbon dioxide from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided. Carbon dioxide emission abatement systems are also disclosed. Methods of recycling industrial byproducts are further provided.

Abstract: Methods of sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) are provided. Aspects of the methods include precipitating a storage stable carbon dioxide sequestering product from an alkaline-earth-metal-containing water and then disposing of the product, e.g., by placing the product in a disposal location or using the product as a component of a manufactured composition. Also provided are systems for practicing methods of the invention.

Abstract: Two methods are provide for the separation of carbon dioxide from the flue gases. The first method utilizes a phase-separating moiety dissolved in an aqueous solution of a basic moiety to capture carbon dioxide. The second method utilizes a phase-separating moiety as a suspended solid in an aqueous solution of a basic moiety to capture carbon dioxide. The first method takes advantage of the surface-independent nature of the CO2 absorption reactions in a homogeneous aqueous system. The second method also provides permanent sequestration of the carbon dioxide. Both methods incorporate the kinetic rate enhancements of amine-based scrubbing while eliminating the need to heat the entire amine solution (80% water) in order to regenerate and release CO2. Both methods also take advantage of the low-regeneration temperatures of CO2-bearing mineral systems such as Na2CO3/NaHCO3 and K2CO3/KHCO3.

Abstract: Systems and methods of capturing and sequestering carbon dioxide, comprising mixing a substantially non-aqueous solvent and an alkali such that the solvent and alkali form a solvent suspension, mixing water and a flue gas containing carbon dioxide with the solvent suspension such that a reaction occurs, the reaction resulting in the formation of a carbonate, water and heat.