Utilizing Solid Sorbent, Catalyst, Or Reactant Patents (Class 423/230)
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Publication number: 20090081093Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and systems for sequestering and/or reducing sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and/or carbon dioxide present in industrial effluent fluid streams. A solid particulate material comprising a slag component, a binder component (distinct from the slag component), and optionally water is formed and then contacted with the effluent fluid stream to reduce at least one of the sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and/or carbon dioxide. The contacting of the effluent stream may occur in a packed bed reactor with the solid dry particulate material. Methods of reducing pollutants from exhaust generated by combustion sources, lime and/or cement kilns, iron and/or steel furnaces, and the like are provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 18, 2008Publication date: March 26, 2009Inventor: Douglas C. Comrie
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Publication number: 20090060808Abstract: Scrubber media for reactive gases, that can include but are not necessarily limited to hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen fluoride (HF), and ammonia (NH3), can include reactive particles, potentially as small as nano-scale, that can optionally be suspended on macro-scale carrier particles. Reactive gases can be converted to non-volatile compounds by being passed through a bed of such scrubber media. Such scrubber media can be used to remove reactive gases from gas mixtures. Potential applications include differential absorption spectroscopy, air pollutant emission controls, and the like. Methods of preparing scrubber media are also described.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 29, 2008Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventors: Marc M. Baum, John Moss, Alfred Feitisch, Xin Zhou, Xiang Liu, Alex Kwan
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Publication number: 20090060807Abstract: Disclosed is a process for removing sulfur from a fuel gas stream that comprises an organic sulfur compound and a light olefin. The process includes introducing a fuel gas stream into an elongated hydrotreating reactor vessel in which it is contacted with a hydrodesulfurization catalyst under hydrodesulfurization process conditions. A quench gas stream is also introduced into the elongated hydrotreating reactor vessel at a location below the point of introduction of the fuel gas stream. A reactor effluent is yielded that contains hydrogen sulfide and a significantly reduced organic sulfur concentration that is below the organic sulfur concentration of the fuel gas stream.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 23, 2008Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventor: Gary Lee Ripperger
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Patent number: 7498008Abstract: A process for the removal of a pollutant from a gas is provided that includes contacting a gas comprising a pollutant with a cataloreactant wherein the cataloreactant reacts with the pollutant and wherein an oxidation state of the cataloreactant is reduced. The cataloreactant may be regenerated with an oxidizing agent.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2006Date of Patent: March 3, 2009Assignee: GRT, Inc.Inventors: Jeffrey H. Sherman, Sagar B. Gadewar, Peter K. Stoimenov
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Patent number: 7481985Abstract: The present invention provides for a method and apparatus for purifying carbon dioxide. Sulfur species are efficiently and effectively removed from the carbon dioxide by a series of steps which include heater/heat exchange means, impurity adsorption means and cooling means.Type: GrantFiled: August 7, 2006Date of Patent: January 27, 2009Assignee: The BOC Group, Inc.Inventors: Ravi Jain, YuDong Chen
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Patent number: 7476372Abstract: A method for reducing acid gases in a flue gas, the method comprising reacting biosolids comprising a scrubbing agent with a flue gas comprising an acid gas, thereby reducing the amount of acid gas in the flue gas is disclosed. Also disclosed is a flue gas scrubbing process comprising: combusting a fossil fuel and biosolids comprising a scrubbing agent, thereby producing a flue gas comprising an acid gas, wherein the flue gas has a reduced amount of acid gas compared with flue gas produced from the combustion of the fossil filet alone. A flue gas scrubbing process comprising providing a stream of biosolids that includes a hydroxide or an oxide of a Group IA or IIA element, providing a flue gas comprising an acid gas, and reacting the biosolids stream with the flue gas so as to reduce the amount of acid gas in the flue gas is also disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 2006Date of Patent: January 13, 2009Assignee: Holloman CorporationInventor: Eric Prim
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Publication number: 20090001320Abstract: A method for removing hydrogen sulfide from a sour gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide by oxidizing hydrogen sulfide in a converter by contacting the sour gas stream with an aqueous catalytic solution, thereby producing a desulfurized gas stream and a liquid stream comprising reduced catalyst and elemental sulfur, introducing an oxidant and the liquid stream comprising reduced catalyst and elemental sulfur into a high shear device and producing a dispersion wherein the mean bubble diameter of the oxidant gas in the dispersion is less than about 5 ?m, introducing the dispersion into a vessel from which a sulfur-containing slurry is removed and a regenerated catalyst stream is removed, wherein the sulfur slurry comprises elemental sulfur and aqueous liquid, and recycling at least a portion of the regenerated catalyst stream to the converter. A system of apparatus for carrying out the method is also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 12, 2008Publication date: January 1, 2009Applicant: H R D CORPORATIONInventors: Abbas Hassan, Ebrahim Bagherzadeh, Rayford G. Anthony, Gregory Borsinger, Aziz Hassan
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Publication number: 20090004081Abstract: Disclosed herein is an exhaust gas purifying catalyst composition for reducing hydrogen sulfide, including active alumina, supporting platinum and/or palladium, along with rhodium; a metal selected from the group consisting of Ba, La, Pr and Zr; cerium oxides; and zeolite.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 6, 2008Publication date: January 1, 2009Inventors: Hyun-Sik Han, Jin-Woo Song, Jae-Au Ha
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Publication number: 20080317651Abstract: The present invention is based on the realization that the carbon dioxide component of industrial gas streams also containing steam can be processed so to utilize either as latent and/or sensible heat the heat available from the steam component to assist in separating carbon dioxide from the remainder of the gas stream. For example, flue gases produced by power stations burning brown coal, black coal or natural gas inherently contain a useful amount of energy that can be harnessed according to the present invention. According to particular preferred forms of the invention, nitrogen and sulphur constituent such as SOx and NOx, H2S and other nitrogen containing compounds may also be removed from the gas stream through direct contact with the absorbing medium and used to produce by-products such as fertiliser material.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 16, 2006Publication date: December 25, 2008Applicant: CO2CRC TECHNOLOGIES PTY LTD.Inventors: Barry Hooper, Geoff Stevens, Sandra Kentish
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Patent number: 7442232Abstract: Adsorbents and methods of use thereof are provided. One representative, among others, includes an adsorbent having an alkali metal promoted, mixed trivalent layered double hydroxide (LDH) composition. When the mixed trivalent layered double hydroxide (LDH) composition is heated to a temperature ranging from about 300° C. to 450° C., an the adsorbent having an adsorption capacity of at least 0.8 millimoles of CO2 adsorbed per gram of adsorbent is formed.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2003Date of Patent: October 28, 2008Assignee: Georgia Tech Research CorporationInventors: Mark G. White, Alexei V Iretski, Scott Jeffrey Weigel, Robert Ling Chiang, Jeffrey Richard Brzozowski
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Publication number: 20080226526Abstract: A process for the preparation of a nanoparticulate carbon dioxide acceptor. The acceptor is a mixed metal oxide having at least two metal ions X and Y. The process includes contacting in solution a precursor of an oxide of metal ion X and a precursor of an oxide of metal ion Y; drying said solution to form an amorphous solid; and calcining the amorphous solid to form the acceptor.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 18, 2006Publication date: September 18, 2008Applicant: NTNU TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ASInventors: Magnus Ronning, Esther Ochoa-Fernandez, Tor Grande, De Chen
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Publication number: 20080226525Abstract: A method for contacting a liquid with a gas in which the gas is introduced into a vessel containing at least one hollow fiber membrane having a plurality of porous hollow fibers. The liquid is introduced into a lumen of at least a portion of the plurality of porous hollow fibers at a liquid pressure sufficient to overcome a resistance to wetting of the porous hollow fibers, thereby covering at least a portion of an outer surface of the plurality of porous hollow fibers with the liquid and providing intimate contact between the gas and the liquid.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 13, 2007Publication date: September 18, 2008Applicant: GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTEInventors: Aqil Jamal, Howard S. Meyer, Nagaraju Palla, Dennis Leppin
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Patent number: 7425231Abstract: Method for gas purification comprising (a) obtaining a feed gas stream containing one or more contaminants selected from the group consisting of volatile metal oxy-hydroxides, volatile metal oxides, and volatile silicon hydroxide; (b) contacting the feed gas stream with a reactive solid material in a guard bed and reacting at least a portion of the contaminants with the reactive solid material to form a solid reaction product in the guard bed; and (c) withdrawing from the guard bed a purified gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 2005Date of Patent: September 16, 2008Assignee: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Michael Francis Carolan, Christopher Francis Miller
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Patent number: 7425314Abstract: A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans from a gas stream containing a high ratio of mercaptans to hydrogen sulfide, wherein the first step removes hydrogen sulfide by washing the gas stream with an aqueous washing solution comprising water, a physical solvent and a chemical solvent. The first removal step is followed by a second removal step by which mercaptans are removed from the washed gas stream by means of molecular sieves.Type: GrantFiled: November 28, 2003Date of Patent: September 16, 2008Assignee: Shell Oil CompanyInventor: Jolinde Machteld Van De Graaf
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Publication number: 20080213146Abstract: Improvements in methods by which new or used coal fired boilers whether designed for coal or oil or natural gas firing can substantially improve their technical operation and reduce their capital and operating costs by implementing process steps that (a) minimize the adverse impacts of coal ash and slag on boiler surfaces and particulate emissions, which will improve coal combustion efficiency and facilitate the use of oil or gas designed boilers for coal firing, (b) drastically reduce the loss of water used to transport coal in slurry form to power plants, (c) minimize the combined total nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), mercury (Hg), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, (d) separate and permanently sequester carbon dioxide and (e) improve the coal and solid fuel combustion efficiency.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 28, 2007Publication date: September 4, 2008Inventor: Bert ZAUDERER
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Patent number: 7410515Abstract: A reformer is provided which includes a micro reactor having a flow path for a fluid. A container accommodates the micro reactor and keeps an atmosphere on a periphery of the micro reactor at a pressure of not more than 1 Pa.Type: GrantFiled: August 25, 2003Date of Patent: August 12, 2008Assignee: Casio Computer Co., Ltd.Inventors: Keishi Takeyama, Osamu Nakamura
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Publication number: 20080159937Abstract: A process for removing acid gas from a gas stream utilizes a low viscosity absorbent comprising a solution of at least one selected amine.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 28, 2006Publication date: July 3, 2008Inventor: Michel A. Ouimet
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Patent number: 7387650Abstract: A fuel cell power generation system, equipped with a fuel reforming device and a fuel cell body, includes valves, pipelines, a condenser, and a pump for feeding a burner exhaust gas (raw gas) discharged from a heating burner of the fuel reforming device into the fuel reforming device, and an inert gas formation device including an oxidizable and reducible oxygen adsorbent, which is disposed in the pipelines, and adsorbs oxygen in the burner exhaust gas to remove oxygen from the burner exhaust gas and form an inert gas. The fuel cell power generation system can reliably remove residual matter, without leaving it within the fuel reforming device, in a simple manner at a low cost and with a compact configuration.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 2003Date of Patent: June 17, 2008Assignee: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Setsuo Omoto, Naohiko Ishibashi, Keiji Fujikawa, Hirohisa Yoshida, Masami Kondo, Shigeru Nojima, Toshinobu Yasutake, Satoru Watanabe, Masanao Yonemura
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Publication number: 20080107581Abstract: A method for removing sulfur-containing compounds is provided. In one embodiment, the method includes selectively separating a feed stream (118) comprising carbon dioxide and one or more sulfur-containing compounds, including hydrogen sulfide, at conditions sufficient to produce a first stream (122) comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide and a second stream (124) comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. A molar ratio of carbon dioxide to hydrogen sulfide in the first stream is greater than a molar ratio of carbon dioxide to hydrogen sulfide in the second stream, and a molar ratio of hydrogen sulfide in the first stream to hydrogen sulfide in the second stream is about 0.005 or more.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 20, 2005Publication date: May 8, 2008Applicant: EXXONMOBIL UPSTREAM RESEARCH COMPANYInventors: Christopher W. Sparling, P. Scott Northrop, Johnny E. Johnson, Jagannathan N. Iyengar, Barry M. Friedman
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Patent number: 7354560Abstract: Process for the removal of organic and/or inorganic sulfur from an ammonia stream by passing said stream through a fixed bed of sulfur absorbent in a sulfur absorber and withdrawing a sulfur-free ammonia stream, wherein said sulfur absorbent is a catalyst having a total nickel content in reduced form in the range 10 wt % to 70 wt % with the balance being a carrier material selected from the group of alumina, magnesium alumina spinel, silica, titania, magnesia, zirconia and mixtures thereof.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 2006Date of Patent: April 8, 2008Assignee: Haldor Topsoe A/SInventors: Poul Erik Højlund Nielsen, Leif Storgaard
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Patent number: 7323151Abstract: A process for the selective removal of sulphur compounds from synthesis gas being rich in carbon monoxide and containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide and steam comprising contacting the synthesis gas at a maximum contact temperature of 100° C. with an absorbent comprising Cu/ZnO compounds and being prepared by thermal decomposition of a corresponding carbonate and activation of the thermal decomposed carbonate with a reducing gas.Type: GrantFiled: February 15, 2003Date of Patent: January 29, 2008Assignee: Haldor Topsoe A/SInventors: Jens-Henrik B. Hansen, Birgitte Hammershoi, Inga D. Sigurdardottir
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Patent number: 7314847Abstract: A process for making a granular sorbent to capture carbon dioxide from gas streams comprising homogeneously mixing an alkali metal oxide, alkali metal hydroxide, alkaline earth metal oxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxide, alkali titanate, alkali zirconate, alkali silicate and combinations thereof with a binder selected from the group consisting of sodium ortho silicate, calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4.2H2O), alkali silicates, calcium aluminate, bentonite, inorganic clays and organic clays and combinations thereof and water; drying the mixture and placing the sorbent in a container permeable to a gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 2004Date of Patent: January 1, 2008Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the United States Department of EnergyInventor: Ranjani V. Siriwardane
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Publication number: 20070274887Abstract: A method of reducing the formation of malodors in a bathroom. More specifically, it is provided a method of reducing the formation of malodors comprising the step of placing a chlorine dioxide generating sachet in selected locations of a bathroom.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 22, 2007Publication date: November 29, 2007Inventors: Stefano Scialla, Oreste Todini
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Patent number: 7282189Abstract: Methods for reducing and eliminating carbon dioxide from the emissions of solid fuel fired power plants, particularly coal fired power plants, and to sequester the carbon dioxide, typically by using existing equipment. In some embodiments, the methods involve pyrolyzing the solid fuel to remove volatile matter and using the volatile matter to produce hydrogen. Additionally, the methods may involve burning the solid fuel or pyrolized solid fuel at very fuel rich stoichiometric conditions. Sequestration may include the production of a carbon dioxide-containing solution and the pumping of the solution into the ground, particularly in areas high in limestone.Type: GrantFiled: April 8, 2004Date of Patent: October 16, 2007Inventor: Bert Zauderer
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Patent number: 7267811Abstract: Materials that are useful for absorption enhanced reforming (AER) of a fuel, including absorbent materials and catalyst materials, and methods for using such materials for the conversion of carbon-based fuels to a H2-rich product gas. The materials can be fabricated by spray processing. The use of the materials in AER can produce a H2 product gas having a high H2 content and a low level of carbon oxides. The method for converting carbon-based fuels to a H2-rich product gas includes forming an intermediate gas product from the carbon-based fuel using a catalyst and contacting the intermediate gas product with an absorbent to absorb CO2. The absorbent can be regenerated while retaining a high absorption capacity.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 2003Date of Patent: September 11, 2007Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Paolina Atanassova, Jian-Ping Shen, Paul Napolitano, James Brewster
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Patent number: 7264788Abstract: Materials that are useful for absorption enhanced reforming (AER) of a fuel, including absorbent materials and catalyst materials and methods for using the materials. The materials can be fabricated by spray processing. The use of the materials in AER can produce a H2 product gas having a high H2 content and a low level of carbon oxides.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 2004Date of Patent: September 4, 2007Assignee: Cabot CorporationInventors: Mark J. Hampden-Smith, Paolina Atanassova, Jian-Ping Shen, James Brewster, Paul Napolitano
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Patent number: 7241430Abstract: An activated carbon-metal oxide matrix is disclosed. The activated carbon-metal oxide matrix may be obtained by a method including the steps of: preoxidizing a carbon material, grinding the preoxidized carbon material; mixing the ground preoxidized material with a metal oxide to form a carbon mixture; extruding the carbon mixture; carbonizing and activating the extrudate. The activated carbon-metal oxide matrix may be used to remove odorous compounds, acidic gases, and volatile organic compounds from a gas.Type: GrantFiled: March 29, 2006Date of Patent: July 10, 2007Assignee: Siemens Water Technologies Holding Corp.Inventors: James Richard Graham, Jianyuan Cheng
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Patent number: 7217303Abstract: The present invention provides an improvement in the process of producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon-containing streams. A cyclic reforming process, referred to as pressure swing reforming, provides an efficient means for producing a hydrogen containing synthesis gas for fuel cell applications. Pressure swing reforming may be integrated with shift reactions, preferential oxidation, and membrane separation, achieving thermal and material efficiencies relative to conventional hydrogen production. In one embodiment, at least some synthesis gas which is first produced in the pressure swing reforming process is combusted with air to provide the heat for the regeneration step of the pressure swing reforming process.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 2004Date of Patent: May 15, 2007Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Frank Hershkowitz, Paul J. Berlowitz, Randall D. Partridge
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Patent number: 7198768Abstract: A device and methods for either protecting or restoring the delicate surface chemistry of amine-coated substrates adapted for biological assay uses from the deleterious effects of exposure to carbon dioxide and/or organic chemical compounds, which may arise in packaging or storage containers is provided. The device encompasses an enclosure, preferably hermetically sealed, a component susceptible to degradation from either carbon dioxide or organic compounds, and a sorbent, having a composition made from either a single material or a combination of materials, said material is characterized as being reactive with CO2 and having a high-surface energy of ?100 milli-joules/m2 for removing organic compounds. The method can stabilize the surface chemistry and prolong the useful life of the coated substrate.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 2004Date of Patent: April 3, 2007Assignee: Corning IncorporatedInventors: Alain R. E. Carre, Valerie Lacarriere
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Patent number: 7132090Abstract: A process for selectively removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream by converting the carbon dioxide to a solid, stable form is provided. In a sequestration process, carbon dioxide enriched air is passed through a gas diffusion membrane to transfer the carbon dioxide to a fluid medium. The carbon dioxide rich fluid is then passed through a matrix containing a catalyst specific for carbon dioxide, which accelerates the conversion of the carbon dioxide to carbonic acid. In the final step, a mineral ion is added to the reaction so that a precipitate of carbonate salt is formed. This solid mineral precipitate can be safely stored for extended periods of time, such as by burying the precipitate in the ground or depositing the precipitate into storage sites either on land or into a body of water. An apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream is also provided.Type: GrantFiled: May 2, 2003Date of Patent: November 7, 2006Assignee: General Motors CorporationInventors: Daniel Dziedzic, Kenneth B Gross, Robert A Gorski, John T Johnson
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Patent number: 7101417Abstract: An activated carbon/metal oxide filter element is disclosed. The filter element may be prepared by blending an activated carbon, a metal oxide, and a binder to form a filter media mixture, shaping the filter media mixture into a filter body. The filter body may be calcined to form a filter element. The activated carbon/metal oxide filter element may be used to remove odorous compounds, acidic gases, and volatile organic compounds from a gas.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 2003Date of Patent: September 5, 2006Assignee: USFilter CorporationInventor: James R. Graham
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Patent number: 7078011Abstract: A method of storing and supplying a gaseous hydrogen product to a pipeline under a product purity specification in which a hydrogen stream made up of gaseous hydrogen is compressed to form a compressed hydrogen stream and introduced into a salt cavern for storage. A crude hydrogen stream, contaminated from storage in the salt cavern is recovered and purified by sufficiently removing at least carbon dioxide and water vapor to produce a hydrogen product stream having an impurity level at or below the product purity specification. The hydrogen product stream is supplied back to the pipeline. Alternatively, during periods of low demand, hydrogen produced by a production facility is both purified and supplied to the pipeline and stored in the salt cavern. During high demand period, both the output of the production facility and hydrogen retrieved from the salt cavern are purified and supplied to the pipeline.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2004Date of Patent: July 18, 2006Assignee: Praxair Technology, Inc.Inventors: Jeffrey M. Morrow, Marianne Corrao, Steven Hylkema
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Patent number: 7067093Abstract: Reduced sulfur gas species (e.g., H2S, COS and CS2) are removed from a gas stream by compositions wherein a zinc titanate ingredient is associated with a metal oxide-aluminate phase material in the same particle species. Nonlimiting examples of metal oxides comprising the compositions include magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, nickel oxide, etc.Type: GrantFiled: March 2, 2004Date of Patent: June 27, 2006Assignees: Research Triangle Institute, Intercat, Inc.Inventors: Albert A. Vierheilig, Raghubir P. Gupta, Brian S. Turk
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Patent number: 7060233Abstract: A process for removing hydrogen sulfide, other sulfur-containing compounds and/or sulfur and mercury from a gas stream contaminated with mercury, hydrogen sulfide or both. The method comprises the step of selective oxidation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in a gas stream containing one or more oxidizable components other than H2S to generate elemental sulfur (S) or a mixture of sulfur and sulfur dioxide (SO2). The sulfur generated in the gas stream reacts with mercury in the gas stream to generate mercuric sulfide and sulfur and mercuric sulfide are removed from the gas stream by co-condensation.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 2003Date of Patent: June 13, 2006Assignee: TDA Research, Inc.Inventors: Girish Srinivas, Robert J. Copeland
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Patent number: 7056482Abstract: A process for recovering CO2 from a feed gas stream comprises treating the feed gas stream with a regenerated absorbent comprising at least one tertiary amine absorbent having a pKa for the amino function of from about 6.5 to about 9 in the presence of an oxidation inhibitor to obtain a CO2 rich stream and subsequently treating the CO2 rich stream to obtain the regenerated absorbent and a CO2 rich product stream. The feed gas stream may also include SO2 and/or NOx.Type: GrantFiled: June 12, 2003Date of Patent: June 6, 2006Assignee: Cansolv Technologies Inc.Inventors: Leo E. Hakka, Michel A. Ouimet
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Patent number: 7033566Abstract: A photocatalyst including a metal oxide semiconductor represented by the formula: In1?xMxAO4 wherein M represents a transition metal element, A represents an element belonging to the Group 5a of the Periodic Table and x is a number greater than 0 but smaller than 1.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 2002Date of Patent: April 25, 2006Assignee: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyInventors: Hironori Arakawa, Zhigang Zou, Kazuhiro Sayama
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Patent number: 7022168Abstract: In a method for removing carbon dioxide from the exhaust gas from a gas turbine plant (11), which exhaust gas is subjected to a downstream heat recovery process (12, 33), preferably in the heat recovery steam generator (33) of a water/steam cycle (12), a simplification of the plant engineering is achieved by the fact that the carbon dioxide is removed from the exhaust gas (39) between the gas turbine plant (11) and the heat recovery process (12, 33), and that a rotating, regenerative absorber/desorber (22) is used to remove the carbon dioxide, the absorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into the exhaust gas stream (39) and the desorber side of which absorber/desorber is connected into a carbon dioxide cycle (38).Type: GrantFiled: April 10, 2003Date of Patent: April 4, 2006Assignee: Alstom Technology LTDInventors: Armin Schimkat, Juergen Baum
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Patent number: 7014689Abstract: The invention relates to bodies for separating out a component contained in a gas mixture. The gas mixtures may, for example, be crude gases which contain hydrocarbons, such as natural gas, or exhaust gas. According to the object which is set, the bodies according to the invention are intended to be able to separate components out of gas mixtures over longer periods of time with an approximately constant performance. The body according to the invention has regions which are active in the separation and are formed from a porous shell. These bodies which have a porous shell can be used in a device, and at least one bed formed from a bulk mass of these bodies may be present within a vessel, with the gas mixture being passed through this bed in order for the undesired component to be separated out. The invention is particularly advantageously suited to separating sulfur compounds out of gas mixtures.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 2002Date of Patent: March 21, 2006Assignee: IPC Process Center GmbH & Co.Inventors: Constant Van Lookeren, Manfred Nebelung, Hagen Klemm
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Patent number: 6998099Abstract: A process is described for the catalytic removal of H2S gas from a sour gas stream in the presence of a chelate ligand of the formula (I) where: X is hydrogen, an alkali metal or NH4+, n is 1, 2 or 3, and at least one of the radicals R1 to R6 is alkyl, aryl, alkyloxy, aryloxy, carboxyl or hydroxyl, the remaining radicals being hydrogen, and the metal in the metal chelate complex is a polyvalent metal, which can occur in more than one oxidation state. A mixture is also described for removing H2S gas from a sour gas stream, the mixture comprising an aminocarboxylate-containing metal chelate complex, and the use is also described of an aminocarboxylate-containing metal chelate complex for removing H2S gas from a sour gas stream.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 2002Date of Patent: February 14, 2006Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Werner Hesse, Hans-Ulrich Jäger
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Patent number: 6989142Abstract: An abrasive precipitated calcium carbonate is provided that provides excellent cleaning properties without being excessively abrasive or damaging to gums or tooth surfaces. The abrasive, precipitated calcium carbonate has a primary particle size of about 1 ?m to about 4 ?m, and an aggregate size of about 3 ?m to about 10 ?m. Also disclosed is a method for forming calcium carbonate comprising the steps of: providing a reaction medium; introducing carbon dioxide and the calcium hydroxide slurry simultaneously into a reaction medium to form calcium carbonate while maintaining constant pH during calcium carbonate precipitation; and optionally drying the calcium carbonate slurry to form a dried calcium carbonate product. Also disclosed is a dentifrice containing the aforementioned abrasive, precipitated calcium, and one or more ingredients selected from the group consisting of humectants, thickening agents, binders, gums, stabilizing agents, antibacterial agents, fluorides, sweeteners, and surfactants.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 2003Date of Patent: January 24, 2006Assignee: J. M. Huber CorporationInventors: Sung-Tsuen Liu, Michel J. Martin, William C. Fultz, Patrick D. McGill
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Patent number: 6964755Abstract: A high activity catalyst is obtained by oxidizing and modifying the surface of zinc sulfide by hydrogen peroxide. An oxidation treatment is carried out in basic aqueous solution. The high activity photocatalyst is added to the basic aqueous solution in which hydrogen sulfide is dissolved to recover hydrogen and sulfur under low energy. Thus, the inexpensive high activity photocatalyst having a high catalytic activity and a long duration of life is realized and hydrogen gas is efficiently generated under little energy.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 2003Date of Patent: November 15, 2005Assignee: Japan Science And Technology AgencyInventors: Kazuyuki Tohji, Atsuo Kasuya
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Patent number: 6962616Abstract: A method of making an adsorbent which includes: a) thermally drying dewatered sewage sludge to form granulated organic fertilizer; b) treating the fertilizer with mineral oil; and c) pyrolyzing the treated fertilizer at temperatures between about 600° C. and about 1000° C. The disclosure is also directed to adsorbents made by this method and to the processes of removing acidic gas or gases from wet gas streams by putting an adsorbent in contact with the wet gas stream and allowing the adsorbent to adsorb the acidic gas or gases.Type: GrantFiled: August 8, 2003Date of Patent: November 8, 2005Assignee: Research Foundation of The City University of New YorkInventors: Teresa J. Bandosz, Andriy Bahryeyev
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Patent number: 6951635Abstract: Zinc oxide-based sorbents, and processes for preparing and using them are provided, wherein the sorbents are preferably used to remove one or more reduced sulfur species from gas streams. The sorbents contain an active zinc component, optionally in combination with one or more promoter components and/or one or more substantially inert components. The active zinc component is a two phase material, consisting essentially of a zinc oxide (ZnO) phase and a zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4) phase. Each of the two phases is characterized by a relatively small crystallite size of typically less than about 500 Angstroms. Preferably the sorbents are prepared by converting a precursor mixture, containing a precipitated zinc oxide precursor and a precipitated aluminum oxide precursor, to the two-phase, active zinc oxide containing component.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 2003Date of Patent: October 4, 2005Assignee: Research Triangle InstituteInventors: Santosh Kumar Gangwal, Brian Scott Turk, Raghubir Prasad Gupta
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Patent number: 6942719Abstract: Methods and systems for pressure swing absorption for hydrogen generation are presented. In one embodiment, a method includes absorbing at least one oxide of carbon with a pressure swing absorber from a steam reformation of methane. The steam reformation may occur at an ambient pressure in excess of 300 psia and at an ambient temperature in excess of 600° centigrade. The steam reformation of methane produces a stream of product gas. The steam reformation of methane is interrupted allowing the regenerating of the pressure swing absorber at an ambient pressure of less than 10 psia and at an ambient temperature sufficient to calcine the pressure swing absorber to exude carbon dioxide.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 2003Date of Patent: September 13, 2005Assignee: The Boeing CompanyInventor: Albert E. Stewart
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Patent number: 6908497Abstract: New low-cost CO2 sorbents are provided that can be used in large-scale gas-solid processes. A new method is provided for making these sorbents that involves treating substrates with an amine and/or an ether so that the amine and/or ether comprise at least 50 wt. percent of the sorbent. The sorbent acts by capturing compounds contained in gaseous fluids via chemisorption and/or physisorption between the unit layers of the substrate's lattice where the polar amine liquids and solids and/or polar ether liquids and solids are located. The method eliminates the need for high surface area supports and polymeric materials for the preparation of CO2 capture systems, and provides sorbents with absorption capabilities that are independent of the sorbents' surface areas. The sorbents can be regenerated by heating at temperatures in excess of 35° C.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 2003Date of Patent: June 21, 2005Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Department of EnergyInventor: Ranjani V. Sirwardane
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Patent number: 6905592Abstract: The invention relates to: a process for the desulphurization of feed streams comprising: supplying a hot process stream to a lead catalyst bed (8) comprising a first sulphur-removing catalyst and a second sulphur-removing catalyst under conditions whereby sulphur is removed from the process stream by the first sulphur-removing catalyst and said second sulphur-removing catalyst does not effectively remove sulphur from the stream at the operating temperature of the lead catalyst bed for the duration of the bed's life; collecting a hot partially sulphur-depleted stream from the lead catalyst bed and cooling said stream; passing said cooled stream through a lag catalyst bed (11) comprising the first sulphur-removing catalyst and the second sulphur-removing catalyst under conditions whereby sulphur is removed from the process stream by the second sulphur-removing catalyst and said first sulphur-removing catalyst removes sulphur less efficiently from the stream at the operating temperature of the lag catalyst bed;Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2002Date of Patent: June 14, 2005Inventors: Roger Bence, Stephen Caig Littlewood, Philip Henry Donald Eastland
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Patent number: 6901334Abstract: Methods of analyzing processes for making catalysts and/or certain properties of catalysts using a plurality of reaction zones are provided. The methods of the present invention have the capability to define and execute, in rapid succession, a plurality of experiments under disparate reaction conditions. An operator may define and execute a plurality of experiments on user-defined quantities of disparate catalysts, using user-defined input feeds, residence times, and temperature profiles.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 2002Date of Patent: May 31, 2005Assignee: Rohm and Haas CompanyInventors: Michael William Linsen, Edward Albert Schmitt, Mark Richard Schure
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Patent number: 6896858Abstract: A gas refining method for adsorbing a reducing gas obtained by pressure gasification of coal or oil comprises introducing a reducing gas stream into an adsorbing and removing zone where it contacts an adsorbent. Sulfur-containing compounds are adsorbed onto the adsorbent and a first oxygen-containing gas stream is introduced into the adsorbing and removing zone in order to form a regeneration gas containing sulfur dioxide. The regeneration gas is contacted with a second oxygen-containing stream and a calcium-containing liquid slurry to effect absorption of sulfur dioxide by the slurry and precipitation of a gypsum compound. The temperature of the slurry is varied to cause selective precipitation of 60 -gypsum hemihydrate or gypsum dihydrate.Type: GrantFiled: February 12, 2001Date of Patent: May 24, 2005Assignee: Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Atsushi Tatani, Makoto Susaki, Kazuaki Kimura, Taku Shimizu, Toshikuni Sera, Kenji Inoue
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Patent number: 6875410Abstract: An adsorbent for removing sulfur compounds from sulfur compounds-containing fuel gas contains a zeolite ion-exchanged with Ag and has an excellent performance when used to remove sulfur compounds from the fuel gas, irrespective of the moisture concentration in the fuel gas, and a method for removing sulfur compounds from sulfur compounds-containing fuel gas by use of an adsorbent of the above-mentioned type. The zeolite is a Na—+Y type zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: May 5, 2003Date of Patent: April 5, 2005Assignee: Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd.Inventors: Shigeo Satokawa, Yuji Kobayashi
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Patent number: 6866702Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for absorbing carbon dioxide, which is equipped along an automobile exhaust pipe and a factory chimney. The present invention also relates to a method for absorbing carbon dioxide. According to the present invention, there is provided a device for absorbing carbon dioxide, comprising a housing 4 of a material having air permeability; a cement composition for absorbing carbon dioxide, enclosed inside the housing 4; and a pipe 5 across the housing, the pipe having an inlet 2 and an outlet 3. According to the present invention, when a gas is introduced from the inlet 2, carbon dioxide in the gas is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbing materials such as a cement composition enclosed in the housing 4. The gas is discharged from the outlet 3.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 2003Date of Patent: March 15, 2005Assignee: International Environmental Conservative Association, Inc.Inventor: Hisateru Mitsuda