Abstract: Methods of forming 3D printed metal objects and compositions for 3D printing are described herein. In an example, a method of forming a 3D printed metal object can comprise: (A): a build material comprising at least one metal being deposited; (B): a fusing agent being selectively jetted on the build material, the fusing agent comprising: (i) at least one hydrated metal salt having a dehydration temperature of from about 100° C. to about 250° C., and (ii) a carrier liquid comprising at least one surfactant and water; (C): the build material and the selectively jetted fusing agent being heated to a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 250° C. to: (a) remove the carrier liquid, (b) dehydrate the hydrated metal salt, and (c) bind the build material and the selectively jetted fusing agent; and (D): (A), (B), and (C) being repeated at least one time to form the 3D printed metal object.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide an NOx storage material having sufficient NOx storage capacity even in a low temperature region and a production method thereof. An NOx storage material including a composite oxide of silver and gallium. The composite oxide of silver and gallium is preferably a delafossite-type composite oxide. The composite oxide is produced by dissolving a silver salt and a gallium salt in a solvent and baking the solution, wherein the molar ratio of silver:gallium is preferably from 2:8 to 7:3.

Abstract: An ?-sialon phosphor represented by general formula: MxEuy(Si,Al)12(O,N)16, where M represents at least one or more elements selected from Li, Mg, Ca, Y and a lanthanoid (excluding La and Ce), 0<x, and 0<y, where the phosphor includes, as a host crystal, a crystal structure identical to that of an ?-sialon crystal phase, and the phosphor has a bulk density of 1.00 g/cm3 or more and 1.80 g/cm3 or less. Also provided is a light-emitting element including the ?-sialon phosphor and a semiconductor light-emitting element capable of exciting the ?-sialon phosphor.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of making an electrochemically active material, which comprises metal nanostructures encapsulated in LaF3 shells. The electrochemically active material may be included in an electrode of an F-shuttle battery that includes a liquid electrolyte, which, optionally, allows the F-shuttle batteries to operate at room temperature.

Abstract: An OCM nanoplate catalyst comprising ?25 wt. % nanoplates; wherein a nanoplate is a three-dimensional object defined in accordance with ISO/TS 80004-2:2015; wherein a nanoplate is characterized by a first external dimension (thickness (t)?100 nm), a second external dimension (length (l)>t), and a third external dimension (width (w)>t); wherein l and w can be the same or different; and wherein l?5 t, w?5 t, or l?5 t and w?5 t; and wherein the OCM nanoplate catalyst has general formula AaZbEcDdOx; wherein A=alkaline earth metal; Z=first rare earth element; E=second rare earth element; D=redox agent/third rare earth element; wherein the first, second, and third rare earth element are not the same; wherein a=1.0; wherein b=1.0 to 3.0; wherein c=0 to 1.5; wherein d=0 to 1.5; wherein (b>(c+d)); and wherein x balances the oxidation states.

Abstract: A slurry for use in suspension plasma spraying including a dispersion medium and rare earth oxide particles, the rare earth oxide particles having a particle size D50 of 1.5 to 5 ?m and a BET specific surface area of less than 1 m2/g, and a content of the rare earth oxide particles in the slurry being 10 to 45 wt %.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rare earth cold accumulating material particle comprising a rare earth oxide or a rare earth oxysulfide, wherein the rare earth cold accumulating material particle is composed of a sintered body; an average crystal grain size of the sintered body is 0.5 to 5 ?m; a porosity of the sintered body is 10 to 50 vol. %; and an average pore size of the sintered body is 0.3 to 3 ?m. Further, it is preferable that the porosity of the rare earth cold accumulating material particle is 20 to 45 vol. %, and a maximum pore size of the rare earth cold accumulating material particle is 4 m or less. Due to this structure, there can be provided a rare earth cold accumulating material having a high refrigerating capacity and a high strength.

Abstract: An example ferroelastic ceramic composition includes at least one compound having a relative chemical formula of AXBYC(1-X-Y)D. Element A, element B, and element C are independently selected from different members of the group consisting of yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium. Element D is selected from the group consisting of phosphate, niobate, and tungstate. X and Y are each equal to or greater than zero and less than one. X and Y are collective less than one.

Abstract: A rare earth regenerator material particle and a regenerator material particle group having a high long-term reliability, and a superconducting magnet, an examination apparatus, a cryopump and the like using the same are provided. A rare earth regenerator material particle contains a rare earth element as a constituent component, and in the particle, a peak indicating a carbon component is detected in a surface region by an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses cerium sulfate chelated sulfur dioxide, a preparation method and a use thereof. The cerium sulfate chelated sulfur dioxide has a molecular formula of Ce[SO4][SO2].2H2O. It is a white crystal and the preparation method thereof may comprise the following steps: adding anhydrous cerium sulfate to dilute sulfuric acid with stirring for dissolvation; adding a solvent followed by refluxing at 45-50° C. for 2.0-2.5 h; heating the reaction product to remove the solvent, cooling to 20° C. or lower, and adding dilute sulfuric acid to allow precipitation of all crystals; cooling down the product followed by suction filtration, washing the obtained crystals by the solvent, so that crude cerium sulfate chelated sulfur dioxide can be obtained. The solubility of the cerium sulfate chelated sulfur dioxide of the disclosure has been significantly improved compared to the anhydrous cerium sulfate.

Abstract: A method of preparing cerium boride powder, according to the present invention, includes a first step for generating mixed powder by mixing at least one selected from among cerium chloride (CeCl3) powder and cerium oxide (CeO2) powder, at least one selected from among magnesium hydride (MgH2) powder and magnesium (Mg) powder, and boron oxide (B2O3) powder, a second step for generating composite powder including cerium boride (CexBy) and at least one selected from among magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2), by causing reaction in the mixed powder at room temperature based on a ball milling process, and a third step for selectively depositing cerium boride powder by dispersing the composite powder in a solution.

Abstract: A spray material is defined as composite particles consisting essentially of (A) particles of rare earth fluoride and (B) particles of rare earth oxide, hydroxide or carbonate, consolidated together. The spray material is plasma sprayed onto a substrate to form a sprayed layer containing rare earth oxyfluoride in a consistent manner while minimizing the process shift and releasing few particles. The sprayed member has improved corrosion resistance to halogen-based gas plasma.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are internal standard compositions, a plurality of calibration standards, and one or more kits for use with mass spectrometry, particularly for use with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer capable of simultaneous detection of a large number of ionization products over a large range of masses. Methods of using these reagent materials for the simultaneously detection of absolute concentrations of a plurality of elements in a liquid sample.

Abstract: A novel transition metal oxide catalyst that is equivalent to precious metal catalysts, and an air electrode and an air secondary battery using this catalyst are provided. The catalyst is a catalyst for an air electrode including a brownmillerite-type transition metal oxide and represented by General Formula (1) below: A2B1B2O5??(1) where A represents Ca, Sr, Ba, or a rare earth element(RE), B1 is a metal atom that forms a tetrahedral structure together with oxygen atoms, and B2 is a metal atom that forms an octahedral structure together with oxygen atoms. Disclosed are an air electrode for a metal-air secondary battery that includes the catalyst, and a metal-air secondary battery that includes an air electrode including the catalyst, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material, and an electrolyte intervening between the air electrode and the negative electrode.

Abstract: A light-emitting ceramic that includes a pyrochlore type compound that contains 0.01 mol % or more of Bi with respect to 100 mol % of ABOW, and one co-added element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Ba, Sc, Ga, In, Yb, and Lu. The A site contains at least one selected from the group consisting of La, Y, and Gd in a total amount of 80 mol % or more, B contains at least Sn, and W is a positive number for maintaining electrical neutrality.

Abstract: A ruthenium compound exhibits large negative thermal expansion. The ruthenium oxide is represented by the formula (1) Ca2?xRxRu1?yMyO4+z (wherein R represents at least one element selected from among alkaline earth metals and rare earth elements; M represents at least one element selected from among Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Ga; and the following relations are satisfied: 0?x<0.2, 0?y<0.3, and ?1<z<?0.02).

Abstract: The present invention provides an exhaust gas purifying catalyst which can maintain high catalyst activity even after the exhaust gas purifying catalyst is exposed to an exhaust gas at a high temperature for a long period of time. The exhaust gas purifying catalyst contains a Pd—Pr complex and PdO, and the Pd—Pr complex is represented by PraPdbOc, where a=1 to 3, b=1 to 10, and c=1 to 6.

Abstract: Provided herein are a method of making a nanoporous cerium oxide material which can be used for heterogeneous catalysis. The method may include mixing a cerium nitrate solution and an amine solution to form a mixture and stirring the mixture thus forming a nanoporous cerium oxide precipitate. Further, the molar ratio of cerium nitrate and the amine ranges from 2:1 to 5:1.

Abstract: There are very few violet or pink colored commercial pigments that display high heat stability, resistance to acidic conditions, or good lightfastness. This technology results in pigments that fall into the above color space, but display improved chemical and weathering stability. The pigments based of this technology have the molar ratio (A2O)x(BO)y(C2O5)z(DO3)w(EO2)v, where 2x+y+2z+w+v?100. Where A is Li or Li with one or more of Cu, Na, or K, where B is Co or Co with one or more of Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Sn, or Zn, where C is Nb, Sb, or combination thereof, where D is Mo, W or combination thereof, where E is Sn, Ti, Zr, or combination thereof. The above formulation may be modified with a dopant addition of Al, B, Ba, Bi, Ca, Ce, Cr, La, P, Pr, Si, Sr, Ta, V, or Y where the dopant concentration represents 5 atomic % or less of the total number of moles of components A+B+C+D+E.

Abstract: A process for preparing a stable Group VIII Period 4 element (iron, cobalt, or nickel) “B” site and chlorine “O” site modified lithium manganese-based AB2O4 spinel cathode material is provided. The general formula of the “B” and “O” site modified lithium manganese-based AB2O4 spinel is LixMn2-yMyO4-z(Clz) where M is Fe, Co or Ni. In addition, a Group VIII Period 4 element (iron, cobalt, or nickel) “B” site and chlorine “O” site modified lithium manganese-based AB2O4 spinel cathode material is provided. Furthermore, a lithium or lithium ion rechargeable electrochemical cell is provided, incorporating the Group VIII Period 4 element (iron, cobalt, or nickel) “B” site and chlorine “O” site modified lithium manganese-based AB2O4 spinel cathode material in a positive electrode.

Abstract: A generally spherical high strength ceramic body for use in an ATR and/or SR unit covering a catalyst media bed. The ceramic body is a fully stabilized YSZ composite composition having at least about 13% yttria YSZ, and more typically from about 12% to about 20% yttria YSZ, with a porosity of less than 20 percent and a diameter of at least 25 mm and, more typically, selected from the group comprising 25 mm, 50 mm, 76 mm and 100 mm.

Abstract: A system for preparing nanoparticles by supercritical hydrothermal synthesis is provided. Firstly, a mixture of a first reactant and a second reactant and high-temperature water at an outlet of a heating furnace (10) are mixed and are heated to a reaction temperature, the mixture is connected to a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (14), and a product at an outlet of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor enters a heat regenerator (9); hot water at an outlet of a low-temperature section of the heating furnace (10) first enters the heat regenerator, and then enters a high-temperature section of the heating furnace so as to be continuously heated to a set temperature; fluid at the pipe side outlet of the heat regenerator separately passes through a heat exchange coil in a first reactant modulation pool (1) and a steam generator (2) in a waste heat power generation system (20).

Abstract: An illuminant has a short fluorescence lifetime, high transparency, and high light yield and a radiation detector uses the illuminant. The illuminant is appropriate for a radiation detector for detecting gamma-rays, X-rays, ?-rays, and neutron rays, and has high radiation resistance, a short fluorescence decay time and high emission intensity. The illuminant has a garnet structure using emission from the 4f5d level of Ce3+, and includes a garnet illuminant prepared by co-doping of at least one type of monovalent or divalent cation at a molar ratio of 7000 ppm or less with respect to all cations, to an illuminant having a garnet structure represented by general formula CexRE3?xM5+yO12+3y/2 (where 0.0001?x?0.3, 0?y?0.5 or 0?y??0.5, M is one type or two or more types selected from Al, Lu, Ga, and Sc, and RE is one type or two or more types selected from La, Pr, Gd, Tb, Yb, Y, and Lu).

Abstract: An air battery includes a negative electrode, an air electrode, and an electrolyte that is interposed between the negative electrode and the air electrode. The air electrode includes: an oxygen evolution reaction layer for charging that is provided on an electrolyte side of the air electrode and contains an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst containing no carbon; an oxygen reduction reaction layer for discharging that is provided on an opposite side of the air electrode from the electrolyte and contains an oxygen reduction reaction catalyst containing carbon; and a current collector that is provided between the oxygen evolution reaction layer and the oxygen reduction reaction layer or in the oxygen evolution reaction layer.

Abstract: A process for making nanoparticles of biocompatible materials is described, wherein an aqueous reaction mixture comprising cerous ion, malic acid, an oxidant, and water, is provided along with temperature conditions to directly form within the reaction mixture, a stable dispersion of nanoceria particles. Biocompatible nanoparticles comprised of ceria and malic acid are described. A reduction in cell death in a murine model of ischemic stroke utilizing intact brain slices is demonstrated by a prophylactic treatment of ceria nanoparticles prepared with malic acid.

Abstract: A convenient and versatile method for preparing complex metal oxides is disclosed. The method uses a low temperature, environmentally friendly gel-collection method to form a single phase nanomaterial. In one embodiment, the nanomaterial consists of BaAMnBTiCOD in a controlled stoichiometry.

Abstract: There is provided a method for manufacturing a nitride semiconductor template, including the steps of: growing and forming a buffer layer to be thicker than a peak width of a projection and in a thickness of not less than 11 nm and not more than 400 nm on a sapphire substrate formed by arranging conical or pyramidal projections on its surface in a lattice pattern; and growing and forming a nitride semiconductor layer on the buffer layer.

Abstract: A method of producing one of magnetite and ferrite nanoparticles comprising the step of mixing an iron containing metal chemical with a fatty acid.

Abstract: A multi-scaled oxygen storage material wherein cobalt element is complexed with a size of an atom or hundreds of nanometers or smaller in a ceria-zirconia solid solution and a method for preparing the same as provided. Specifically, the multi-scaled oxygen storage material contains a ceria-zirconia solid solution, a cobalt doping contained in the solid solution in the form of an atom and a cobalt-based nanocluster dispersed in the solid solution as cobalt oxide and exhibits a microstructure distinguished from that of the existing ceria-zirconia (CZO)-based oxygen storage material as well as remarkably improved oxygen storage and release ability, and the method for preparing the same is provided.

Abstract: Novel methods for processing fumed metallic oxides into globular metallic oxide agglomerates are provided. The methodology may allow for fumed metallic oxide particles, such as fumed silica and fumed alumina particles, to be processed into a globular morphology to improve handling while retaining a desirable surface area. The processes may include providing fumed metallic oxide particles, combining the particles with a liquid carrier to form a suspension, atomizing the solution of suspended particles, and subjecting the atomized droplets to a temperature range sufficient to remove the liquid carrier from the droplets, to produce metallic oxide-containing agglomerations.

Abstract: A catalyst, a hydrocarbon steam reforming catalyst, and a method for producing the same are provided. A catalytic metal containing at least Ni is supported on a composite oxide containing R, Zr, and oxygen, at a composition of not less than 10 mol % and not more than 90 mol % of R, not less than 10 mol % and not more than 90 mol % of Zr, and not less than 0 mol % and not more than 20 mol % of M (M: elements other than oxygen, R, and Zr), with respect to the total of the elements other than oxygen being 100 mol %, wherein the composite oxide has a specific surface area of 11 to 90 m2/g, and the largest peak in the wavelength range of 200 to 800 cm?1 of Raman spectrum with a full width at half maximum of 20 to 72 cm?1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a nickel ferrite nanoparticle composite having an inverse spinel structure obtained using a polyol process, a nickel ferrite nanoparticle composite prepared by the method, and a method for selectively binding, separating or purifying a specific protein using the nickel ferrite nanoparticle composite. The method for preparing a magnetic nanoparticle composite according to the present invention includes a one-step hydrothermal synthesis process, and thereby the magnetic nanoparticle composite can be prepared in a simple and economic manner. Also, the nickel ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by the method of the present invention can be strongly magnetic, and also exist in the form of Ni2+ in which Ni binds to a specific protein, thereby preventing loss of separability caused by additional oxidation and repeated recycling of the nanoparticles.

Abstract: A chemical scavenging component includes a porous body that has a radical-scavenging material. The radical-scavenging material has a composition that includes cerium oxide that is chemically active with regard to oxygen-containing radicals.

Abstract: Various embodiments may relate to a device for providing electromagnetic radiation, including a radiation assembly for generating excitation radiation, and at least one conversion element for generating conversion radiation, which has at least one first phosphor and which is arranged at a distance to the radiation assembly in a beam path of the excitation radiation. As the first phosphor, a nitridosilicate of the type M2Si5N8:D is used, wherein D= activator and wherein M is selected from the group barium, strontium, calcium alone or in combination, wherein the mean grain size d50 of the phosphor is at least 10 ?m.

Abstract: A process for depositing doped aluminum nitride (doped AlN) is disclosed. The process comprises subjecting a substrate to temporally separated exposures to an aluminum precursor and a nitrogen precursor to form an aluminum and nitrogen-containing compound on the substrate. The aluminum and nitrogen-containing compound is subsequently exposed to a dopant precursor to form doped AlN. The temporally separated exposures to an aluminum precursor and a nitrogen precursor, and the subsequent exposure to a dopant precursor together constitute a doped AlN deposition cycle. A plurality of doped AlN deposition cycles may be performed to deposit a doped AlN film of a desired thickness. The dopant content of the doped AlN can be tuned by performing a particular ratio of 1) separated exposures to an aluminum precursor and a nitrogen precursor, to 2) subsequent exposures to the dopant. The deposition may be performed in a batch process chamber, which may accommodate batches of 25 or more substrates.

Abstract: A method for removing rare earth impurities from a nickel-electroplating solution by keeping a nickel-electroplating solution containing rare earth impurities and having pH of 4.0-5.1 at 60° C. or higher for a certain period of time, and then removing precipitate generated by the heating from the nickel-electroplating solution by sedimentation and/or filtration.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composite oxide which is capable of maintaining a large volume of pores even used in a high temperature environment, and which has excellent heat resistance and catalytic activity, as well as a method for producing the composite oxide and a catalyst for exhaust gas purification employing the composite oxide. The composite oxide contains cerium and at least one element selected from aluminum, silicon, or rare earth metals other than cerium and including yttrium, at a mass ratio of 85:15 to 99:1 in terms oxides, and has a property of exhibiting a not less than 0.30 cm3/g, preferably not less than 0.40 cm3/g volume of pores with a diameter of not larger than 200 nm, after calcination at 900° C. for 5 hours, and is suitable for a co-catalyst in a catalyst for vehicle exhaust gas purification.

Abstract: The exhaust gas-purifying catalyst of the invention includes a noble metal, and crystallites that form CZ composite metal particles which serve as a carrier supporting the noble metal and contain at least zirconium (Zr) and cerium (Ce). The CZ composite oxide particles (crystallites) further contain crystal growth-suppressing fine particles which are fine metal particles comprising primarily a metallic element M that melts at 1,500° C. or above and which suppress crystal growth by the CZ composite oxide particles. The content of the metallic element M included in the CZ composite oxide particles, expressed in terms of the oxide thereof, is 0.5 mol % or less of the total oxide.

Abstract: A method for processing a semiconductor wafer in a single wafer processing chamber may include heating the single wafer processing chamber to a temperature in a range of 650-700° C., and forming at least one superlattice on the semiconductor wafer within the heated single wafer processing chamber by depositing silicon and oxygen to form a plurality of stacked groups of layers. Each group of layers may include a plurality of stacked base silicon monolayers defining a base silicon portion and at least one oxygen monolayer constrained within a crystal lattice of adjacent base silicon portions. Depositing the oxygen may include depositing the oxygen using an N2O gas flow.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust-gas-purification catalyst carrier that contains a ceria-zirconia complex oxide having a pyrochlore phase and a novel exhaust-gas-purification catalyst carrier that exhibit excellent OSC performance at any temperature region of a low temperature (around 400° C.) and a high temperature (around 800° C.). Proposed is the exhaust-gas-purification catalyst carrier containing a ceria-zirconia complex oxide which has a pyrochlore phase and is 7.0 m2/g or more in specific surface area and in the range of 100 ? to 700 ? in crystallite size.

Abstract: A scintillator crystal includes a plurality of first crystal phases, and a second crystal phase covering respective side surfaces of the first crystal phases. Each of the plurality of first crystal phases is a columnar crystal that includes a perovskite type oxide material containing both Gd and Tb, and emits light by being excited by radiation. The second crystal phase includes alumina. Assuming that a, b, and c respectively represent Gd, Al, and Tb in an element ratio among them that are contained in a total amount of substance of the scintillator crystal, the element ratio is within a range defined by (a, b, c)=(0.174, 0.795, 0.031), (0.207, 0.756, 0.037), (0.213, 0.775, 0.012), and (0.194, 0.795, 0.011) as vertexes in a ternary composition diagram.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transparent conductive thin film and an electronic device including the same. The transparent conductive thin film may include a perovskite vanadium oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1, A1-xVO3±???[Chemical Formula 1] wherein A is a Group II element, 0?x<1, and ? is a number necessary for charge balance in the oxide.

Abstract: A solid sintered ceramic article may include Y2O3 at a concentration of approximately 40 molar % to approximately 60 molar % and Er2O3 at a concentration of approximately 400 molar % to approximately 60 molar %. An article may include a body and a plasma resistant ceramic coating on at least one surface of the body. The plasma resistant ceramic coating comprising Y2O3 at a concentration of approximately 30 molar % to approximately 60 molar %, Er2O3 at a concentration of approximately 20 molar % to approximately 60 molar %, and at least one of ZrO2, Gd2O3 or SiO2 at a concentration of over 0 molar % to approximately 30 molar %.

Abstract: A production method for producing a fuel cell, includes spinning a precursor consisting of a salt of at least one metal chosen from Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Ho, Yb, Sr, Ba, Mn, Co, Mg, and Ga, a solvent, and a macromolecular polymer to produce nanofibers of the precursor containing the salt of the metal. The method further includes calcining the nanofibers of the precursor at a temperature ranging from 550° C. to 650° C. for 2 to 4 hours, and making a solid electrolyte material composed of the nanofibers obtained from the calcining. The resulting solid electrolyte material constitutes a part of a fuel cell.

Abstract: A process for making cerium-containing nanoparticles with biocompatible stabilizers is described, wherein an aqueous reaction mixture comprising cerous ion, citric acid, a stabilizer (chelator) selected from the group consisting of nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, and an oxidant, is provided, followed by a heating step to effectively form the nanoparticles. These biocompatible nanoparticles can be used to treat oxidative stress related diseases and events, such as ischemic stroke.

Abstract: Rare earth metal compounds, particularly lanthanum, cerium, and yttrium, are formed as porous particles and are effective in binding metals, metal ions, and phosphate. A method of making the particles and a method of using the particles is disclosed. The particles may be used in the gastrointestinal tract or the bloodstream to remove phosphate or to treat hyperphosphatemia in mammals. The particles may also be used to remove metals from fluids such as water.

Abstract: Methods and systems for producing butanol from carbon dioxide, and water are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of producing butanol from carbon dioxide and water involves contacting carbon dioxide with a reaction mixture containing water and a catalyst, and heating the carbon dioxide and reaction mixture by fluctuating magnetic field. In some embodiments, the catalyst used may be FeAl2O3.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the manufacture of methyl limonitrile comprising a mixture of 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-nonadiene nitrile, 3,7-dimethyl-3,6-nonadiene nitrile and 7-methyl-3-methylene-6-nonene nitrile comprising the following steps: a) reacting 6-methyl-5-octen-2-one with cyano acetic acid and removing carbon dioxide and water, wherein the reaction and the removal of carbon dioxide and water are performed in the presence of a base and a co-base 1 in an organic solvent, and wherein the organic solvent is a solvent which forms a heteroazeotrop with water; b) removing the solvent and the base of the reaction mixture obtained after having performed step a) or step c) by distillation to obtain a reaction mixture, whereby this step may optionally be performed in the presence of a co-base 2; c) isomerizing the reaction mixture obtained after having performed step a) or step b) to obtain an isomerized reaction mixture in the presence of a co-base 2; whereby step b) can be performed before or

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of preparing a lead-free piezoelectric thin film comprising the steps of: providing a precursor solution comprising at least one alkali metal ion, a polyamino carboxylic acid, and an amine; depositing the precursor solution on a substrate to form a film; and annealing the film. The present invention also provides a lead-free piezoelectric thin film prepared according to the method, a precursor solution for use in the method and a method of preparing the precursor solution.

Abstract: A solid sintered ceramic article may include a solid solution comprising Y2O3 at a concentration of approximately 30 molar % to approximately 60 molar %, Er2O3 at a concentration of approximately 20 molar % to approximately 60 molar %, and at least one of ZrO2, Gd2O3 or SiO2 at a concentration of approximately 0 molar % to approximately 30 molar %. Alternatively, the solid sintered ceramic article a solid solution comprising 40-100 mol % of Y2O3, 0-50 mol % of ZrO2, and 0-40 mol % of Al2O3.