Abstract: There is provided a novel active-oxygen rich lithium, boron, oxygen compound having the empirical formulaLiOH.multidot.0.5Li.sub.2 O.sub.2 .multidot.LiBO.sub.5and a method for making the same.

Abstract: A process for producing acidic boratozirconium chloride sols which comprises: reacting a zirconium compound with a boron compound in molar ratios of B/Zr of 0.3-1.2 together with a compound of a metal M, the metal M being selected from the group consisting of divalent, trivalent, tetravalent and pentavalent metals in molar ratios of M/Zr of about 0.01-1 in water in the presence of chloride ions in molar ratios of Cl/Zr of not less than about 1.The acidic boratozirconium chloride sol may be converted to basic boratozirconium sols by reacting the acidic sol with a basic carbonate compound such as ammonium carbonate.The sols, either acidic or basic, are readily gelled by contact with a dehydration solvent such as methanol or actone.The gel is calcined at relatively low temperatures to provide zirconia which is either very pure or stabilized in varied degrees.

Abstract: The preparation, structure, and properties of solid inorganic materials containing cobalt, boron, oxygen and, optionally, aluminum, is described. Also described is the use of such materials in catalytic compositions for the conversion of organic compounds. In particular, the new material Co(BO.sub.2)OH is described as well as the use of such material in various catalyzed processes including oxidation of organic compound processes. A particularly useful process is a heterogeneous catalyzed partial oxidation of an alkylaromatic followed by complete oxidation to an aromatic polycarboxlic acid in a water phase.

Abstract: A new crystalline borosilicate molecular sieve, boronaaronate, having a composition in terms of mole ratios of oxides:0.9.+-.0.2M.sub.2/n O:B.sub.2 O.sub.3 :ySiO.sub.2 :zH.sub.2 Owherein M is a cation of valence n, y is between 2 and about 700, and z is between 0 and about 200, and having a characteristic X-ray diffraction pattern. The boronaaronate is prepared by reacting under crystallization conditions, in substantial absence of a metal hydroxide, an aqueous mixture containing an oxide of silicon, an oxide of boron, ethylenediamine, and an organic material comprised of a heterocyclic nitrogen-containing aromatic compound or an aliphataic alcohol. Boronaaronate is useful in hydrocarbon conversion processes.

Abstract: Zeolite EU-2 having a molar composition expressed by the formula:0.5 to 1.5 R.sub.2 O: Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 : at least 70 XO.sub.2 : 0 to 100 H.sub.2 Owherein R is a monovalent cation or 1/n of a cation of valency n, X is silicon and/or germanium, Y is one or more of aluminium, iron, gallium or boron, and H.sub.2 O is water of hydration additional to water notionally present when R is H, and having an X-ray pattern substantially as set out in Table 1 is prepared from a reaction mixture containing XO.sub.2 (preferably silica), Y.sub.2 O.sub.3 (preferably alumina) and a dicationic alkylated polymethylene diamine. The zeolite is useful in catalytic processes, especially for the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A novel siliceous crystalline composition of matter further comprising one or more metals is prepared by admixing a basic silica salt and a dissolved metal salt in the presence of a quaternary ammonium ion and subsequently heating under pressurized conditions. This novel composition of matter is useful as a catalyst for oxidation, alkylation, disproportionation, synthesis gas conversion, hydrocracking, and hydrodewaxing.

Abstract: A process for producing acidic boratozirconium chloride sols which comprises: reacting a zirconium compound with a boron compound in molar ratios of B/Zr of 0.3-1.2 together with a compound of a metal M other than boron, the metal M being selected from the group consisting of divalent, trivalent, tetravalent and pentavalent metals in molar ratios of M/Zr of about 0.01-1 in water in the presence of chloride ions in molar ratios of Cl/Zr of not less than about 1.The acidic boratozirconium chloride sol may be converted to basic boratozirconium sols by reacting the acidic sol with a basic carbonate compound such as ammonium carbonate.The sols, either acidic or basic, are readily gelled by contact with a dehydration solvent such as methanol or acetone.The gel is calcined at relatively low temperatures to provide zirconia which is either very pure or stabilized in varied degrees.

Abstract: A novel suspension of boric acid comprising a concentrated, finely dispersed suspension of boric acid and a small amount of a soluble borate salt in an aqueous medium and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: A process for preparing tractable preceramic precursors of Group IIIA metal/Group VA nonmetal compounds, such as BN, in which a first reactant containing a Group VA nonmetal to hydrogen bond, such as ammonia or an amine is reacted with a second reactant containing a Group IIIA metal to hydrogen bond, such as a metal hydride, in the presence of a metal catalyst that catalyzes dehydrocoupling of the bonds to form the precursor. Further reaction of the precursor in the presence of the catalyst forms oligomeric/polymeric forms of the precursor.

Abstract: A volume-reducing solidification treatment method for radioactive waste liquid containing boron primarily in the form of boric acid or borates is disclosed.After an alkali is added to the waste water to adjust pH thereof, and optionally after evaporation concentration is carried out, soluble calcium compounds such as Ca(OH).sub.2 are added, the waste water is stirred at a specific temperature to form insoluble calcium borate aged at a lower temperature than that of forming borate, and evaporation and concentration is carried out, which raises the concentration of the solid component. The concentrated liquid obtained is solidified with cement.The concentrated liquid may also be dried into a powder using a thin film evaporator.

Abstract: The present invention is a novel crystalline lead aluminum borate composition characterized by a unique x-ray diffraction pattern.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of reducing fouling and corrosion in furnaces during the thermal cracking of hydrocarbons. The method generally comprises adding to the hydrocarbon an effective amount of boron or boron compounds. The preferred boron materials are the oxides, borates, borate esters, peroxyborates, boranes, organoboranes, borazine and salts of boron oxides. The oxides, borates or salts thereof, are preferable in non-mono-alcohol solvents.

Abstract: The invention is a solid state preparation of copper aluminum borate catalyst comprising: dry mixing solid reagents comprising suitable precursors of copper oxide (CuO), aluminum oxide (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) and boron oxide (B.sub.2 O.sub.3) with a solid binder which aids compaction of the solid reagents, is essentially inert to said reagents, and burns away upon calcination, said dry mixing resulting in formation of a superficially dry copper aluminum borate precursor; compacting the dry precursor; and calcining the precursor at a sufficiently high temperature to form crystalline copper aluminum borate.

Abstract: Copper aluminum borate which is reducible under Temperature Programmed Reduction at a temperature no more than 350.degree. C. and/or has a surface area of at least 5 m.sup.2 /g and a pore volume of at least 0.04 cc per gram.

Abstract: A method for producing an alkaline earth metal borate dispersion, comprising two steps of:(I) reacting at 20.degree.-100.degree. C. a mixture of the following ingredients (A) to (E)(A) 100 parts by weight of the oil-soluble neutral sulfonate of an alkaline earth metal,(B) 10-100 parts by weight of the hydroxide or oxide of an alkaline earth metal,(C) boric acid in an amount which is 0.5-6.5 times in mol that of the ingredient (B),(D) 5-50 parts by weight of water, and(E) 50-200 parts by weight of a dilution solvent and then(II) heating the reslting reaction mixture to 100.degree.-200.degree. C. to remove the water and a part of the dilution solvent as required.

Abstract: Superoxidized sodium perborate with an active oxygen content of more than 16 wt. % and a specially adapted process for its preparation.

Abstract: Composition comprising a crystalline aluminum borate and from about 0.05 to 50 wt % at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal and alkaline earth metal compound based on the weight of the aluminum borate.

Abstract: Disclosed is the compound trihydrated potassium triborate having the following chemical formula: KB.sub.3 O.sub.5.3H.sub.2 O. Also disclosed is a process for the production of trihydrated potassium triborate by reacting potassium pentaborate tetrahydrate with either dipotassium tetraborate tetrahydrate or with dipotassium pentaborate pentahydrate by contacting the two solid reactants under reaction conditions including an amount of water sufficient to cause reaction and insufficient to dissolve the two reactant solids. The new trihydrated potassium triborate may also be prepared by treating dipotassium pentaborate pentahydrate with water under the same reaction conditions.

Abstract: A composite particle is provided which comprises a matrix of puffed borax having a porous surface, with the matrix having retained on the porous surface thereof a plurality of individual grains of metal oxide. A method of producing such a composite particle is also provided.

Abstract: Sodium metaborate is recovered from a boron-containing first feed solution by extraction of the first feed solution with a 1,3-diol, followed by re-extraction with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide. Boric acid is recovered from a boron-containing second feed solution by extraction of the second feed solution with a water-insoluble aromatic polyol, followed by re-extraction with mineral acid. The boric acid and sodium metaborate are reacted to form sodium tetraborate. By exchanging sodium ions in the polyol extract with potassium ions, the potassium salts of the mineral acid may be recovered from the polyol as a by-product.

Abstract: A method is provided for enhancing the absorptive capacity of functional compositions into puffed borax particles. The method comprises contacting the particles with a sufficient amount of a solvent composition, e.g. water, steam, ethylene glycol, capable of dissolving portions of the exterior and interior cellular walls of the particle to thereby form a reticulated puffed borax having enhanced absorptive capacity for the functional composition. The reticulated puffed borax particle comprises a plurality of cells adjacent to each other wherein a major portion of the cell walls have openings therein to interconnect the cells.

Abstract: Molten alkaline earth metal halides are used to convert highly stable oxides into the corresponding anhydrous halides. Usually a third reactant, such as silica, is added in order to bind the basic oxide thus formed. The solid oxide compounds (e.g. silicates) which result are wellknown ceramic phases of a high degree of purity.

Abstract: When alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal tetraborates in a water suspension are suitably treated with ammonia and sulfuric acid, sulfurdioxide or phosphoric acid, they undergo a three-step transformation resulting in a mixture of ammoniumpentaborate, the corresponding alkali metal and/or alkaline earth metal salt(s): sulfate, sulfite or hydrophosphate and ammonia (Equation 1).Alternately, tetraborates undergo the same three-step reactions upon their treatment with equimolar amounts of ammoniumsulfate, ammoniumsulfite or diammoniumhydrogenphosphate, while the liberated ammonia can be boiled off with distilling water.This application deals with the discovery of highly effective, permanent flame retardant compositions which also possess excellent antismoldering, noncorrosive and fungal resistant properties when properly applied on cellulosic fibers, cellulose-lignin fiber insulation materials.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a puffed borax product having superior particle strength and improved uniformity of hydration and puff ratio. In the method particles of borax having a given particle size distribution are introduced into a downwardly flowing slowly moving laminar air stream in a vertical tower, as a horizontally dispersed sheet of particles. The air stream is heated sufficiently to remove part of the water of hydration without fusing the borax. The borax particles, carried by the air stream, are gravitationally separated downstream, and are found to have a more uniform puffing ratio, i.e. feed particles of different sizes are puffed more proportionally than in prior art processes.An apparatus for carrying out this method is also disclosed, which comprises a vertical tower with an input for heated air and an opening in the wall of the tower through which the borax feed is introduced as a dispersed sheet.

Abstract: A process for preparing cubic boron nitride comprises heating hexagonal boron nitride and magnesium boron nitride at a temperature of at least 1350.degree. C. under a pressure at which the cubic boron nitride is thermodynamically stable, whereby the cubic boron having high strength and high purity can readily be obtainable. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of magnesium boron useful as a starting material for the above process. This process comprises mixing hexagonal boron nitride and magnesium nitride or metal magnesium in a molar ratio of hexagonal boron nitride/magnesium being at least 0.6, and heating the mixture thus obtained, at a temperature of from 950.degree. to 1250.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, e.g. a nitrogen atmosphere.

Abstract: This application deals with the discovery of a highly effective new flame retardant, ammoniumtriborate (NH.sub.4.B.sub.3 O.sub.5.3 CH.sub.3 -OH). Tetraborate ores, when treated in a warm methanolic suspension with ammonia and sulfurdioxide (or ammoniumsulfite), undergo a three-step transformation. First, through a displacement reaction, ammoniumtetraborate [(NH.sub.4).sub.2.B.sub.4 O.sub.7.4 H.sub.2 O] and alkali metal or alkaline earth metal sulfite are obtained. As a second step, ammoniumtetraborate spontaneously loses ammonia and transforms into a new compound, ammoniumtriborate (NH.sub.4.B.sub.3 O.sub.5.3 CH.sub.3 -OH). The third step of this reaction series can be initiated by water and heat treatment of ammoniumtriborate which undergoes a molecular change to ammoniumpentaborate (NH.sub.4.B.sub.5 O.sub.8.4 H.sub.2 O).

Abstract: High-temperature stack gases contaminated with condensable boron oxides or boric acids are processed to ecologically-acceptable effluent gases by the steps of:(a) cooling the stack gases to a temperature above about 250.degree. F. and converting condensable boron oxides and boric acids to non-volatile boron compounds by spraying the stack gases with an aqueous solution of a strong base;(b) collecting and removing the thus-formed non-volatile boron compounds from the cooled gases and(c) venting the resulting ecologically-acceptable effluent gases to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Boron and calcium are removed from brines with use of a mixture of from about 0.8 to 15 volume percent of an .alpha.-hydroxy oxime extractant having the general formula: ##STR1## where R and R' are hydrocarbon radicals and R" is hydrogen or a hydrocarbon radical, from 0 to 10 volume percent of a 7 to 12 carbon alcohol, balance diluent.

Abstract: In a process of making sodium perborate, crystallization is performed in the presence of an organic polymer with a high potential content of free carboxylic groups derived from maleic anhydride, selected from the copolymers of maleic anhydride with an organic compound with an ethylene bond. The process is applicable to obtaining sodium perborate crystals of high apparent density of good resistance to abrasion and of limited, relatively high granulometric size.

Abstract: A process for recovering tungsten from low level sources such as naturally occurring brines in a form substantially free of contaminating boron comprises adjusting the pH of the source solution to a value below about pH 8, contacting the pH-adjusted solution with an ion exchange resin, preferentially eluting the tungsten values in an aqueous eluate, extracting the eluate solution with an organic extractant comprising o-mercaptobenzoic acid, a quaternary alkylammonium salt and an inert organic solvent, and stripping the tungsten-loaded organic extractant solution with an aqueous basic stripping solution.

Abstract: An improvement is provided in glass manufacturing processes of the type wherein combustion products are passed upwardly and in countercurrent flow through a bed of gravitationally downwardly moving agglomerates of glass forming batch constituents. The improvement resides in utilizing excess sensible heat in the combustion products by passing raw colemanite through such a bed in indirect heat exchange contact with the combustion products so as to heat such colemanite to a temperature in excess of that needed to release its chemically bound water and then employing such colemanite as a batch ingredient.

Abstract: In a resin sorption process for recovering tungsten from solutions containing high levels of contaminating boron by employing a resin copolymer of 8-hydroxyquinoline, a polyamine, resorcinol, and formaldehyde (HPRF resins), the improvement comprises a two step desorption of metal values from the loaded resin consisting of a first step of washing the loaded resin with a solution of a weakly acidic salt to remove a portion of the boron from the loaded resin, followed by a second step of washing the loaded resin with a solution of a weakly basic salt to remove a portion of the tungsten from the loaded resin, whereby the tungsten recovered is substantially free of contaminating boron.

Abstract: The class of compounds represented by the generic formula, Ln.sub.2 (BO.sub.2).sub.2 (CO.sub.3).sub.2 .multidot.5H.sub.2 O wherein Ln stands for a rare-earth element, have never been known to the art. These novel compounds are produced by allowing Ln.sub.2 (CO.sub.3).sub.3.mH.sub.2 O (wherein, m is a number not greater than 15) and boric acid, H.sub.3 BO.sub.3, to react with each other at a molar ratio of 1:2 under a practically air-tight condition in a container, with the CO.sub.2 gas removed continuously as it is formed in the course of the reaction.

Abstract: Revitalization of air by circulation thereof through a quantity of a salt zirconium, titanium or boron and oxygen in the peroxide or higher positive valence state and by mixtures thereof with an alkali metal or alkaline earth hydroxide, oxide, peroxide, superoxide, or ozonide or mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method of precipitating calcium borates from an aqueous mixture of calcium chloride and borax is disclosed. The yield of calcium borate precipitates can be increased by increasing the concentration of borax. Preferably, an increase in the calcium concentration also is employed. In general, it was found that properties of compacted glass batch produced from these calcium borates compare favorably with those compacted from standard glass batches.

Abstract: A refractory material, which comprises 78-94 Wt % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 15-6 Wt % of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 to have 9Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.2B.sub.2 O.sub.3 phase and is highly resistant to spalling and corrosion by a B.sub.2 O.sub.3 -containing vapor, is produced by electrofusion of a powder mixture of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and B.sub.2 O.sub.3 with the addition of at least one alkali metal oxide or carbonate to adequately lower the electrical resistance of the material. The amount of the alkali metal compound is controlled so that the product may not contain more than 2 Wt % of Li.sub.2 O, Na.sub.2 O and/or K.sub.2 O thereby to accomplish the object without adversely affecting the spalling and corrosion resistance of the product.

Abstract: Bone china is produced by including a boron-containing substance in the composition in water-insoluble form. Use of the boron-containing compound results in a lowering of the firing temperature and widening of the firing temperature range.

Abstract: Abrasion resistant granules of sodium perborate monohydrate are made by introducing an aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide and an aqueous solution containing sodium metaborate simultaneously into a fluidized bed dryer which contains seeds of a size smaller than that of the desired granules. At least one surface active agent is introduced into at least one of the aqueous solutions containing hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Water present in the aqueous solutions is evaporated by fluidization gas which is introduced into the fluidized bed dryer. The process produces, in one stage, granules of sodium perborate monohydrate having a high rate of dissolution, good flowability, abrasion resistance, and other desirable properties.

Abstract: High purity ammonium pentaborate or boric acid is produced from alkali metal and alkaline earth metal borate ores by a relatively non-corrosive technology requiring low energy, without polluting the environment, by treating finely ground borate ores with ammonia and sulphur dioxide or ammonium sulphite in the presence of methanol. Useful by-products, such as sulphites, or fertilizers, such as ammonium phosphates, can be obtained. If the ore is rendered anhydrous prior to treatment, there is produced methylborate-ammonia adduct which upon hydrolysis is transformed into ammonium pentaborate and boric acid.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of partially dehydrated or anhydrous salts from higher hydrates of the same salt, utilizing solar energy. Hydrated salts which have an increasing solubility with an increase of temperature, possessing a transition temperature from the existing high hydrated form to the desired one in the range of between about 30.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. are partially or completely dehydrated in a solar pond having a non-convecting characteristic. Examples of salts produced according to the present invention are: anhydrous sodium sulfate from sodium sulfate decahydrate, magnesium sulfate monohydrate from magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium carbonate monohydrate from sodium carbonate decahydrate and sodium borate pentahydrate from sodium borate decahydrate.

Abstract: Abrasion resistant granules of sodium perborate monohydrate are made by introducing an aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide and an aqueous solution containing sodium metaborate simultaneously into a fluidized bed dryer which contains seeds of a size smaller than that of the desired granules. Water present in the aqueous solutions is evaporated by fluidization gas which is introduced into the fluidized bed dryer. The process products, in one stage, granules of sodium perborate monohydrate having good flavorability, abrasion resistance, and other desirable properties.

Abstract: A process is provided for the recovery of chemicals, such as chlorides, sulfates, carbonates and borates of such alkali metals as sodium and potassium, among others, from underground brines associated with an ore body containing said chemicals, wherein the underground brine is pumped to the surface and confined over said ore body where it is concentrated by solar evaporation and the concentrated brine returned to an underground basin adjacent said ore body and stored for later removal by pumping for the subsequent recovery of chemicals therefrom. Thus, solar evaporation is used to produce the desired concentration of brine to optimize the subsequent recovery of chemicals therefrom, thereby resulting in substantial savings in overall energy costs.

Abstract: A silver base activating solution, for use prior to electroless copper deposition, contains a salt of a weak oxyacid of an element of group III, IV, V or VI of the periodic system, e.g. sodium tetraborate. A relatively low silver concentration, within the range of 0.01 g/l to 1 g/l can accordingly be used; and the resulting copper coating forms quickly and is compact, smooth and adherent. The silver solution is stable.

Abstract: Disclosed are storable solid propellant compositions based on complex metal oron compounds of the general formula M(BH.sub.4).sub.x or M(BD.sub.4).sub.x, (where M equals a metal and x equals the valence of the metal M; M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal; H is hydrogen, and D is deuterium) and ammonium salts of the general formula (NH.sub.4).sub.n Y or deuteroammonium salts of the general formula (ND.sub.4).sub.n Y (where Y represents an anion with a total charge of n; N is nitrogen, H is hydrogen, and D is deuterium) combined stoichiometrically or in varying molar ratios. The stoichiometric blend is employed in a method for producing hydrogen or deuterium that contains nitrogen as an inert diluent and is acceptable for use in HF/DF chemical lasers, the gas dynamic laser (GDL), or as a source to generate hydrogen containing an inert diluent.

Abstract: Borax 10 mol or a mixture of ground borate ore, and borax 10 mol, can be effectively dehydrated to produce a product having approximately 62% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and up to about three to four percent insolubles in a three-stage fluid bed dehydration process followed by compaction of the dehydrated borax.

Abstract: A rotary inclined tubular drier for puffing or expanding borax and a process for the production of puffed or expanded borax beads of desired physical characteristics. A rotatable tube is mounted on bearing wheels and surrounded by a fixed, close-fitting, insulated tube having electrical heating elements running lengthwise attached to its inside wall. The rotatable tube is fed continuously with granular borax feedstock by a vibratory feeder from its higher end and the puffed borax is discharged into a discharge chute from the lower end of the tube. A counter current of dry air is maintained by a suction hood at the high end of the tube, and borax is prevented from adhering to the interior of the tube by an adjustable, spring-loaded, internal scraper. The temperature of the drier is controlled by means of a pyrometer incorporated into a scraper support rod on the interior of the tube.

Abstract: Process for the fabrication of boric acid by carboammoniac attack of a borate mineral, involving subjecting a borosodium ore, in its natural state or previously refined, and in a finely ground condition, to a treatment in an aqueous medium with carbonic anhydride and ammonia in a manner to precipitate sodium bicarbonate which is separated. The remaining mother liquor is cooled to obtain crystals of ammonium borate which are separated, redissolved, the obtained solution being decomposed by thermal means in order to form ammonia which is recycled to the ore treatment and a boric acid solution from which the acid is separated by crystallization. This process permits obtaining two valuable products: NaHCO.sub.3 and H.sub.3 BO.sub.3. When the ore is preliminarily refined, more effective utilization can be made of the ammonia.

Abstract: Magnesium oxide and a zinc salt are reacted with one another to form a magnesium zinc complex salt which is added to a halogen-containing plastic composition to serve as a smoke and/or fire retardant during combustion of the plastic. This magnesium-zinc complex salt is normally added along with an antimony compound but may be used alone if desired.

Abstract: A rotary inclined tubular drier for puffing or expanding borax and a process for the production of puffed or expanded borax beads of desired physical characteristics. A rotatable tube is mounted on bearing wheels and surrounded by a fixed, close-fitting, insulated tube having electrical heating elements running lengthwise attached to its inside wall. The rotatable tube is fed continuously with granular borax feedstock by a vibratory feeder from its higher end and the puffed borax is discharged into a discharge chute from the lower end of the tube. A counter current of dry air is maintained by a suction hood at the high end of the tube, and borax is prevented from adhering to the interior of the tube by an adjustable, spring-loaded, internal scraper. The temperature of the drier is controlled by means of a pyrometer incorporated into a scraper support rod on the interior of the tube.

Abstract: Boron is removed from aqueous solutions by heating the solution to 60.degree.-100.degree. C. and adding a calcium compound such as lime to form a precipitate of calcium borate which is separated such as by filtration. Improved results are obtained by using other calcium salts such as calcium chloride in combination with lime. For solutions initially containing less than 100 ppm boron, calcium borate seed crystals are introduced.