Abstract: Using generated active intermediates or species simultaneously to remove water and organic compounds from the spent sulfuric acid catalyst of the alkylation of olefins and alkanes is disclosed in this invention. Over 90% water and 95% organic compounds of the spent catalyst can be removed by this invention under mild operating conditions, less than 20 atms and in the temperature range from -50.degree. to 250.degree. C. This invention provides a novel process instead of the traditional or commercial process by combustion and treatment of the spent catalyst at high temperature. It is significant to simplify comparing with the traditional process, and is a safe, simple, clean or pollutionless, and cheap one-stage process.

Abstract: Process for conditioning waste sulfuric acid which is prone to precipitation of tars or resins, which comprises adding emulsifiers, preferably long-chain polyethers, to the waste sulfuric acid.

Abstract: Solutions of sulfuric acid having a polyamide, such as gelatin, dissolved therein are less corrosive than polyamide-free solutions of sulfuric acid of equal sulfuric acid concentration, while retaining essentially all of the acidity. The polyamide-safened sulfuric acid solutions of the invention are useful in place of sulfuric acid solutions for many purposes, e.g., as cleaners and herbicides, and for the treatment of cellulosic materials.

Abstract: A method of recovering concentrated sulfuric acid from the product obtained from the acid hydrolysis of a cellulose-containing material such a biomass. The method involves contacting the product with an extraction solvent comprising one or more of the C.sub.4 -C.sub.7 alcohols as the major component to separate the product into a sulfuric acid enriched phase. The sulfuric acid from this enriched phase is then separated and recovered by a further extraction procedure.

Abstract: A process for removing catalyst residues from poly-1-butene which is disclosed which comprises contacting an organic phase containing the poly-1-butene dissolved in an inert hydrocarbon solvent with an aqueous solution of an alpha-hydroxysulfonic acid and then separating the poly-1-butene-containing phase from the aqueous phase.

Abstract: In the regeneration of aqueous waste sulfuric acid by distilling off water often foam is formed which severely interferes with the work-up of the acid. This formation of foam is suppressed by adding alkylsulfonic and/or alkylarylsulfonic acids.