Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing alumina agglomerates which comprises:(i) treating agglomerates of active alumina with an aqueous medium comprising at least one acid making it possible to dissolve at least part of the alumina and at least one compound providing an anion capable of combining with aluminum ions in solution,(ii) subjecting the agglomerates to a hydrothermal treatment at a temperature in the range of from about 80.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C., and then(iii) thermally activating the agglomerates at a temperature in the range of about 500.degree. C. to about 1100.degree. C.The resulting alumina agglomerates possess exceptional mechanical strength, heat resistance and hydrothermal resistance and are useful as catalysts or catalyst supports.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising an extruded essentially alumina-based support, constituted by a plurality of juxtaposed agglomerates and partially in the form of packs of flakes and partially in the form of needles, and optionally comprising at least one catalytic metal or a compound of a catalytic metal from group VIB, and/or optionally at least one catalytic metal or compound of a catalytic metal from group VIII. The invention also relates to its use in a fixed bed reactor, for hydrorefining and hydroconverting hydrocarbon feeds.

Abstract: A process for producing alumina hydrates having a boehmite structure is provided. These alumina hydrates are dispersible in water. The boehmite or pseudoboehmite in colloids having a pH value of between 3 and 7 is present in a nanocrystalline form (<4 nm) whereby an exceptionally high translucence is imparted to the colloid.

Abstract: Semi-crystalline alumina compositions with framework mesopores are disclosed. The compositions are assembled from inorganic aluminum precursors and nonionic polyethylene oxide surfactants. The new assembly pathway introduces several new concepts to alumina mesostructure synthesis. The application of low-cost, non-toxic and biodegradable surfactants and low cost aluminum reagents as alumina precursors which are inorganic and low solution reaction temperatures, introduces efficient and environmentally clean synthetic techniques to the formation of mesostructures. Recovery of the surfactant can be achieved through solvent extraction where the solvent may be water or ethanol or by calcination.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hollow oxide particle including a shell wall constituting a hollow room, and the shell wall has a thickness of 20 nm or less. The shell wall may be mainly composed from at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina, spinel, iron oxides, yttrium oxides, and titanium oxides. A process for producing the hollow oxide particle comprises the steps of: forming a Water in Oil (W/O) type emulsion including aqueous microspheres having a each diameter of 100 nm or more, by adding an organic solvent to an aqueous solution dissolving and/or suspending at least one of metal salts and metal compounds; and forming the hollow oxide particle by atomizing the Water in Oil (W/O) type emulsion to burn. When the hollow oxide particle is brought into contact with a water-containing solution, a surface of the shell wall may have a minutely irregular surface.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing an enhanced adsorbent particle comprising contacting a non-amorphous, non-ceramic, crystalline, porous, calcined, aluminum oxide particle that was produced by calcining at a particle temperature of from 400.degree. C. to 700.degree. C., with an acid for a sufficient time to increase the adsorbent properties of the particle. A process for producing an enhanced adsorbent particle comprising contacting a non-ceramic, porous, oxide adsorbent particle with an acid for a sufficient time to increase the adsorbent properties of the particle is also disclosed. Particles made by the process of the instant invention and particle uses, such as remediation of waste streams, are also provided.

Abstract: Methods of making substantially phase-pure and thermally stable crystalline alumina compositions stabilized with an oxide of silicon, germanium, phosphorus, arsenic or a mixture thereof. Also provided are crystalline alumina compositions and catalyst supports made using these methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system comprising I) mixing components comprising (a) a binder comprising a colloidal metal oxide or colloidal metalloid oxide, (b) an oxide adsorbent and/or catalyst particle, and (c) an acid, (ii) removing a sufficient amount of water from the mixture to cross-link components a and b to form an adsorbent and/or catalyst and binder system. The invention also relates to particles made by the process, binders, and methods for remediating contaminants in a stream.

Abstract: An alumina catalyst carrier is prepared by using an alumina material comprising 90 to 20% by weight of alumina as particles having an aspect ratio of 1 to 5, and 10 to 80% by weight of alumina as particles having an aspect ratio of more than 10 but less than 10,000; kneading and forming the alumina material, and then calcining the formed product. The resulting catalyst carrier has high strength, and has such a pore diameter distribution as to give satisfactory catalytic activity.

Abstract: A passive alignment structure for a substantially planar substrate, which is an anodic aluminum oxide structure having a vertical profile with respect to a horizontal surface of said substantially planar substrate.

Abstract: Mesoporous, alumina compositions having an average pore diameter substantially ranging from about 15 .ANG. to about 40 .ANG. and an average surface area of no less than about 500 meter square/gram are disclosed. These materials can be formed by treating an aluminum source that is derived from an aluminum alkoxide in an organic-aqueous solution with an organic structured directing agent to form meso-sized micelles followed by calcination of the resulting composition. Appropriate organic structural directing agents are alkyl carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A process and catalyst for isomerizing olefins are disclosed. The process and catalyst are particularly useful for isomerizing alkenyl bridged ring compounds to the corresponding alkyladiene bridged ring compounds. In one embodiment, the isomerization catalyst comprises an oxygen treated mixture of an alkali metal on a dried support having a surface area of 125 to 195 m.sup.2 /g when the support consists essentially of alumina wherein the alumina precursor is a large crystallite pseudoboehmite. The catalyst is particularly useful for isomerizing 5-vinyl-2-norbornene to 5-ethylidiene-2-norbornene. The catalyst is very active and highly selective and resistant to catalyst poisons. The process contacts the catalyst with an alkenyl bridged ring compound and yields the corresponding alkyladiene bridged ring compound.

Abstract: A method of making activated alumina including the steps of dissolving a double salt of aluminum in a solution of pure water at 85.degree. C., recrystalizing the double salt at a pressure about 250 psi and temperature ranging from 200.degree. C. to 250.degree. C., precipitating out the purified basic double salt, drying the precipitated double salt to drive off water and roasting it at 850.degree. C. to 950.degree. C. to drive off the sulfate, washing to remove the potassium sulfate and then drying the remaining alumina to yield activated alumina for use as a high-grade catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a stabilized alumina wherein an aqueous slurry of a precursor boehmite alumina is admixed with an effective amount of a stabilizer such as a water-soluble salt of a polyvalent metal cation of Groups IIA and IIIB of the periodic table, the slurry containing the alumina and the stabilizer being aged at a pH of from about 3 to about 9 and a temperature greater than about 70.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to convert the greater portion of said alumina to a colloidal sol, the colloidal sol being recovered and calcined to produce a stabilized alumina.

Abstract: A proces for preparing a spherical support for the polymerization of alpha-olefins from an ammonium dawsonite which is spray-dryed and formed into spherical particles which are then calcined and impregnated with titanium to produce a spherical catalyst of good mechanical strength is described. Also described is the polymerization process which, in the presence of the spherical catalyst, yields polyolefin particles which preserve the spherical characteristics of the support, with low flow angle and good bulk density, as well as the product polyethylene obtained from the process.

Abstract: In the present invention, alumina is produced by a process comprising leading a starting aqueous slurry containing a seed alumina hydrate to a circulating system, the aqueous slurry being circulated and returned to the starting aqueous slurry, wherein an aqueous solution of an aluminum salt and an aqueous solution of a neutralizer are added to the aqueous slurry being circulated and mixed together at a pH value of 6 to 11 to thereby cause the aqueous slurry to contain formed alumina hydrate prior to the return to the starting aqueous slurry.

Abstract: A process includes a step of melting aluminium alkoxide in hexylene glycol (2-methyl 2,4-pentonediol). Then, the solution is subject hydrolysis. During this, hydrolysis and dehydrating condensation of hexylene glycol is controlled by alkoxide. This is found effective for obtaining alumina having uniform porous structure with high specific surface area.

Abstract: An improved process for producing hydrogen peroxide by the anthraquinone process, utilizing a palladium on calcined support catalyst having high attrition resistance, is provided.

Abstract: A method of making activated alumina includes beginning with a leach liquor of potassium and aluminum sulphates that is subjected to a surface-cooled crystallizer with a heat-exchanger input temperature of 160.degree. F. and a surface-chilled temperature of 60.degree. F. Crystals of aluminum sulphate are precipitated and recrystalized by evaporation in a vacuum and at an elevated temperature. Purified crystals of aluminum sulphate are then dried at 50.degree.-60.degree. C. The dried aluminum sulphate crystals are then dehydrated at 400.degree.-450.degree. C. after a rise rate of 50.degree.-60.degree. C. per minute to drive off most of the water. A roasting and recalcination step at 1000.degree. C.-1050.degree. C. after a rise rate of 50.degree.-60.degree. C. per minute is used drive off the sulphate. The remaining alumina is smelted by electrolysis for aluminum.

Abstract: Heat-stable alumina particulates well suited as catalysts/catalyst supports, notably for the catalytic conversion of vehicular exhaust gases, contain a stabilizing amount of lanthanum values, optionally a costabilizing amount of neodymium values, and have a specific surface area of greater than 40 m.sup.2 /g after calcination at 1,200.degree. C. for 4 hours; these are produced by ripening/rehydrating an alumina powder at least partially into boehmite/pseudo-boehmite state in the presence of a stabilizing amount of at least one lanthanum compound, e.g, lanthanum nitrate, and, optionally, also at least one neodymium compound, the starting alumina powder being the product of rapid dehydration of at least one aluminum hydroxide and/or aluminum oxyhydroxide.

Abstract: A process for significantly improving the physical properties of formed particles is disclosed. The process includes adding an effective amount of an acid stable surfactant or an alkaline stable surfactant to a component of the material before drying the particles. The preferred particles are microspheroidal for use in fluid bed reactors, but can include granules and beads.

Abstract: A method of making activated alumina includes beginning with a leach liquor of potassium and aluminum sulphates that is subjected to a surface-cooled crystallizer with a heat-exchanger input temperature of 160.degree. F. and a surface-chilled temperature of 60.degree. F. to 80.degree. F. Crystals of aluminum sulphate are precipitated and recrystalized by evaporation in a vacuum and at an elevated temperature. Purified crystals of aluminum sulphate are then dried at 50.degree.-60.degree. C. The dried aluminum sulphate crystals are then dehydrated at 400.degree.-450.degree. C. after a rise rate of 10.degree.-20.degree. C. per minute to drive off most of the water. A roasting and recalcination step at 900.degree. C.-950.degree. C. after a rise rate of 10.degree.-20.degree. C. per minute is used drive off the sulphate. The remaining alumina is useful as a high-grade catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing stabilized alumina having increased surface area retention at high temperature in which a gel of a boehmite alumina which has been obtained by hydrothermally treating an aqueous mixture of a precursor boehmite alumina having a pH of from about 5 to about 9 for a period of time sufficient to convert the greater portion of the precursor boehmite alumina to a colloidal sol is subjected to working as, for example, by using a sufficient shearing force for a sufficient period of time to produce a worked boehmite alumina which has an increase in pore volume of at least about 30 percent and an increase of median pore radius of at least about 20 percent, a stabilizer being added to the boehmite alumina, the stabilizer being an oxide of a metal such as barium or a metal included in the lanthanide series of metals or a compound of such metals which converts to an oxide at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Alumina agglomerates having controlled porosity and excellent mechanical properties, well suited as catalyst supports and adsorbents, are produced by (a) agglomerating an alumina powder prepared by rapidly dehydrating an aluminum hydroxide, (b) aging the agglomerates thus formed in an atmosphere of controlled humidity, (c) impregnating such aged agglomerates with a solution of at least one acid, (d) hydrothermally treating the thus impregnated agglomerates in a confined enclosure, and then (e) drying and calcining the agglomerates thus treated.

Abstract: By mixing an alumina gel suspension prepared by dispersing alumina gel in pure water in an alumina concentration of 0.1 to 12% by weight, with an aqueous metal salt solution wherein a compound of a Group VIA metal and a compound of a Group VIII metal are dissolved, and then evaporating water to dry while stirring the mixture, the metal component can be loaded effectively on the alumina gel to a sufficiently high loading quantity, and active catalyst compositions useful as catalysts being superior in functions, such as activities, to the conventional hydrogenation catalysts are easily obtainable. Sufficiently desulfurized hydrocarbons are obtainable by allowing the catalyst compositions to contact sulfur-containing hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen.

Abstract: A process for making high porosity boehmite alumina comprising forming an aqueous dispersion of a boehmite alumina which has been obtained by hydrothermally treating an aqueous mixture of a precursor boehmite alumina at a pH of from about 5 to about 9 for a period of time sufficient to convert the greater portion of the precursor boehmite alumina to a colloidal sol, treating the dispersion of the hydrothermally treated alumina to form a viscous gel and subjecting the gel to sufficient shearing force for a sufficient period of time to increase the pore volume by at least 30% and the median pore radius by at least 20%.

Abstract: The description relates to an abrasion-resistant carrier catalyst for removing the nitrite and/or nitrate content of polluted water with selective nitrogen formation. The catalytically active metal component is palladium and/or rhodium or palladium and a metal from the copper group. The carrier consists of aluminum oxide in the "theta" and "kappa" modification and has either one maximum pore diameter in the 70 to 150 nm (700 to 1500 .ANG.) range or two maxima in the 10 to 150 nm (100 to 1500 .ANG.) range. The description also relates to a continuously operable process for the removal or reduction of the oxygen, nitrite and/or nitrate content of water by catalytic hydrogenation. The process is implemented using the novel carrier catalysts, the carriers being made of aluminum oxide of the theta and kappa modifications. Contamination of the catalyst is effectively prevented by the preferred use according to the fluidized bed process.

Abstract: A process for the production of an aluminum hydroxide with rounded grain surfaces. An alkaline solution of a specific composition derived from the Bayer process is inoculated and adsorptively precipitated with an aluminum hydroxide with a specific grain distribution. The aluminum hydroxide obtained according to the new process is especially suitable for the flameproof finishing of polyesters.

Abstract: A process for the production of an aluminum hydroxide with rounded grain surfaces. An alkaline solution of a specific composition derived from the Bayer process is inoculated and adsorptively precipitated with an aluminum hydroxide with a specific grain distribution. The aluminum hydroxide obtained according to the new process is especially suitable for the flameproof finishing of polyesters.

Abstract: A process for production of a fine alpha-alumina powder having a specific surface area of not smaller than 10 m.sup.2 /g and superior polishing characteristics is provided, the process comprising heat-treating a mixture of gamma-alumina powder and silica at a temperature at which gamma-alumina is converted to alpha-alumina in the presence of silica, wherein the mixture contains not more than about 10 wt % of silica, based on the weight of the gamma-alumina.

Abstract: A catalyst carrier that is comprised of relatively large alpha alumina particles dispersed in matrix that comprises an alpha alumina formed in situ by a sol-gel process has excellent crush resistance while retaining good porosity and catalytic performance.

Abstract: An aqueous slurry of about 100-1000 centipoises viscosity suspending about 200-2000 g/l of aluminum hydroxide particles smaller than 5 .mu.m is spray-dried, and the dried powders are calcined to obtain alumina powders. The alumina powders have a sharp particle size distribution, being suitable for electronic, abrasive and refractory applications.

Abstract: Macrocrystalline .alpha.-alumina hexagonal platelets, well adapted as reinforcing materials and polishing agents, are prepared by calcining admixture of transition or hydrated alumina and a fluorocompound flux, such fluorocompound flux having a melting point of up to 800.degree. C. and, in the molten state, serving to dissolve the transition/hydrated alumina.

Abstract: Hydrodesulfurization and demetallalization of hydrocarbon charge is effected by hydrogenation in the presence of, as catalyst, a Group VI A metal and a non-noble Group VIII metal on a trimodal alumina support. The alumina support is formed by mixing at least two different finely divided charge aluminas each of which has a different pore mode.

Abstract: The present invention includes metal oxide foam particles and a method of making the same. A decomposable metal salt feed solution is injected into a hot atomizing gas. The mixture of hot atomizing gas and feed solution is maintained in the reactor until the feed solution converts to metal oxide foam particles. The metal oxide foam particles have a high specific surface area.

Abstract: Provided is a process for preparing alumina agglomerates which comprises:(i) treating agglomerates of active alumina with an aqueous medium comprising at least one acid making it possible to dissolve at least part of the alumina and at least one compound providing an anion capable of combining with aluminum ions in solution,(ii) subjecting the agglomerates to a hydrothermal treatment at a temperature in the range of from about 80.degree. C. to about 250.degree. C., and then(iii) thermally activating the agglomerates at a temperature in the range of about 500.degree. C. to about 1100.degree. C.The resulting alumina agglomerates possess exceptional mechanical strength, heat resistance and hydrothermal resistance and are useful as catalysts or catalyst supports.

Abstract: A method for the production of aluminum hydroxide, including reacting water in the liquid phase and aluminum at a pH above about 12.4. In this pH range, aluminum hydroxide is produced at acceptable rates both for aluminum surface areas above 75,000 mm.sup.2 /g and for aluminum surface area of less than about 50,000 mm.sup.2 per gram, and even down to 20 mm.sup.2 per gram. According to an alternative view of the invention, it is characterized by the production of aluminum hydroxide by reacting aluminum with liquid water containing choline. Aluminum hydroxide particles having unique morphologies are obtained.

Abstract: High-strength alumina substrates and catalysts with predetermined pore structures having a sulfonated polyamine product incorporated therein, raw batch mixes and a process for making the same are disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a vacancy titanate intercalated with a cationic hydroxy aluminum complex, such as Keggin ion. A method for making this material and a process for using this material as a catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: A process for producing alpha alumina particles includes steps of precipitating alumina hydrate from an aqueous sodium aluminate solution by treatment with alumina hydrate seed material and alpha alumina promoter particles; and calcining the precipitated alumina hydrate in the presence of a mineralizer. A preferred mineralizer is aluminum fluoride. The process produces alpha alumina particles having a plate-like shape and an average size of less than about 1.5 microns.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alumina oxide particles having an internal foam structure and a method of making the same. The method first creates foam particles of aluminum sulfate and, subsequently, converts the aluminum sulfate to aluminum oxide particles with the same internal foam structure. The aluminum oxide foam particles made by this method have large specific surface areas and pore volumes.

Abstract: A method is described for mixing a difficult to wet, finely divided powder, e.g. alumina dust, with an aqueous liquid, e.g. Bayer process spent liquor. In the method, the liquor is introduced into a cylindrical mixing zone having a conical bottom zone, the liquor being continuously introduced into the mixing zone as a high velocity stream tangentially immediately above the conical zone to thereby form a rapidly moving vortex within the mixing zone. The dust is caused to fall into the center of the vortex whereby the dust is rapidly engulfed by the liquor with little or no dusting. The thus formed slurry is continuously removed from the bottom of the conical zone and may be processed through a classification circuit, to be separated as fine seed and returned to the precipitation circuit where the fine particles are agglomerated and grown to larger particles of alumina by contact with Bayer process pregnant liquor.

Abstract: Zirconium-doped pseudoboehmite with the following properties: zirconium content of 0.5 to 10 mol % relative to Al water content of 20 to 35 weight percent total of the anionic impurities less than 0.5 weight percent. It is synthesized by a process wherein zirconium salt is added in calculated quantity to an aqueous aluminum sulfate solution, the resulting mixture is fed simultaneously with a sodium aluminate liquor into a water pool having a temperature of 50.degree. to 100.degree. C., thereby precipitating zirconium-doped alumina gel while a pH of 3.5 to 8 is maintained, the pH of the suspension is adjusted after addition of the aluminum sulfate solution to 8.5 to 10.5 by further addition of sodium aluminate liquor, the suspension is digested if necessary at the pH of 8.5 to 10.5 and the temperature of 50.degree. to 100.degree. C. for a period of up to 24 hours, the formed pseudoboehmite crystals are filtered off, the filter cake is redispersed with water and the suspension is sprayed-dried.

Abstract: A process of production of alumina includes method for controlling specific surface area of alumina. Control of specific surface area is performed by controlling porous structure of alumina. In the process, aluminum alkoxide is subject hydrolysis for forming alumina sol. During hydrolysis process, polyether is used as organic solvent in order to control the porous structure of produced alumina.

Abstract: A sol-gel method is employed to produce ceramic oxide spheres from precursors thereto. An alkanol of the sol precursor(s) is introduced to an immiscible hydrophilic liquid phase to cause spheroidizing of the sol. Moisture, which initially may be present in the immiscible liquid or may subsequently be added, is employed to effect hydrolysis of the precursor to oxide form. The ceramic oxide spheres are recovered from the liquid phase and calcined to their final form.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of crystalline boehmite of fine particle size and enhanced specific surface area. Coarse gibbsite particles, obtained from the Bayer Process, are lightly calcined and the non-boehmite-containing material is removed by dissolution in caustic aluminate liquors of appropriate composition.

Abstract: A method for producing amorphous aluminocarbonate compounds which comprises continuously recirculating a first aqueous solution from a reaction vessel through a recycle system and injecting a gas comprising carbon dioxide into the first solution at a turbulent area located in the recycle system. A second aqueous solution is added to the first solution while the gas injection is continued, and the pH of the resulting mixture is maintained in the approximate range of from 8 to 10. The gas injection is discontinued when the entire amount of the second solution has been added to the first solution, in order to allow further precipitation of the amorphous compound. The method is particularly adapted for producing amorphous sodium aluminocarbonate and sodium magnesium aluminocarbonate.

Abstract: Attrition resistant agglomerates of active alumina, i.e., agglomerates displaying an attrition resistance of less than 0.3% after aging for 24 hours at 980.degree. C., are produced by establishing a batch of starting material active alumina agglomerates in a confining and protective treatment zone, such starting agglomerates having been impregnated with water or an aqueous acid solution and the confining treatment zone itself being enclosed within an autoclaving assembly as to provide an interspace between the internal wall surfaces of the autoclaving assembly and the exterior wall surfaces of the treatment zone, and hydrothermally treating such impregnated agglomerates at a temperature of at least 80.degree. C. by directing a stream of a hot heat transfer fluid against the exterior wall surfaces of the treatment zone.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of boehmitic alumina compounds having a purity of, at least, 99.95% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3. The compounds produced according to the invention have a pore radii in the range of 3 to 100 nm. The preparation of such compounds is carried out by, first, obtaining an alumina suspension from a neutral aluminum alkoxide hydrolysis and, then, aging the alumina suspension in an autoclave, preferably, at a steam pressure of 1 to 30 bar, corresponding to a temperature of 100.degree. C. to 235.degree. C., for between 0.5 and 20 hours. The aging step of the invention is preferably carried out with stirring at a peripheral speed of 1 to 6 m/s.

Abstract: Alumina having greater than 0.4 cc/g pore volume in the range 30 to 200 Angstroms pore diameter.A catalyst containing gamma alumina but essentially no eta alumina.The method of tailoring pore size distribution comprising bonding mixtures of particles of rehydration bondable alumina of different particle porosity.