Abstract: Nutritional compositions are provided for the management of protein intake which have a carbohydrate to protein ratio of at least about 3.5:1 and a ratio of one group of amino acids to another group of amino acids of from about 3:1 to about 6.5:1 where the one group consists of glycine, serine, lysine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, arginine and hydroxyproline and the other group of amino acids consists of phenylalanine, tryptophan, threonine, valine, isoleucine, histidine, leucine, tyrosine and methionine. The compositions provide minimized interference with large neutral amino acid (LNAA) type therapeutic agents.

Abstract: A stabilized solid controlled release formulation having a coating derived from an aqueous dispersion of a hydrophobic polymer is obtained by overcoating a substrate including an active agent selected from the group consisting of a systemically active therapeutic agent, a locally active therapeutic agent, a disinfecting and sanitizing agent, a cleansing agent, a fragrance agent and a fertilizing agent, with an aqueous dispersion of the plasticized hydrophobic polymer and then curing the coated substrate at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the plasticized hydrophobic polymer, until a curing endpoint is reached at which the coated substrate provides a stabilized dissolution of the active agent which is unchanged after exposure to accelerated storage conditions, the endpoint being determined by comparing the dissolution profile of the formulation immediately after curing to the dissolution profile of the formulation after exposure to accelerated storage conditions of at least one month at

Abstract: A solid free flowing bird aversion compound comprising a bird aversion agent in an amount of from 10 to 80%, preferably from 30-75%, by weight of a total weight of the compound; and an inorganic or organic carrier in an amount of from 20 to 90%, preferably from 25-70%, by weight of a total weight of the compound. A bird aversion solution which is lighter than water comprising a bird aversion agent in an amount of from 5 to 50% by weight of a total weight of the solution; a terpene hydrocarbon and oxygenated derivative thereof in an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight of a total weight of the solution; and alkylesters selected from the group consisting of saturated fatty acids having from 4-20 carbon atoms and unsaturated fatty acids having from 10-18 carbon atoms esterified with an alcohol having from 1-8 carbon atoms in an amount of from 10 to 50% by weight of a total weight of the solution.

Abstract: Microcapsules are prepared by encapsulating a core material with a capsule shell wall containing glutaraldehyde crosslinked gelatin and at least one water soluble plasticizer that reduces the permeability of the crosslinked gelatin. Optionally, the capsule shell wall also contains a feeding deterrent that dissuades accidental ingestion of the microcapsule. Upon exposing the microcapsules to water, the plasticizer is removed making the shell wall permeable whereby the encapsulated core material is released. Materials such as insecticides, herbicides, plant growth regulating agents, and fungicides may be encapsulated and released at a controlled location, time and rate.

Abstract: A substantially pure recombinant human myeloperoxidase heme-containing precursor, comprising a glycoprotein of 84 KD with the amino acid sequence coded for by the nucleotide sequence from 145 to 2235 corresponding to codons 49 to 745 in phase after the first methionine codon in FIG. 1 produced by culturing prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells transformed by a vector for the expression of human myeloperoxidase precursor in said cells.

Abstract: An improved bioactive agent delivery composition and method of application are described. The composition comprises a bioactive agent, a hydrophilic polymer in an incompletely hydrated state and a substantially water-miscible solvent system. The agent and polymer are essentially dissolved in the solvent system to form a sprayable composition having a viscosity of less than 350 cP. Upon dilution with water, the viscosity of the composition increases to in excess of 1000 cP to produce a retentive coating at the site of application which provides enhanced bioavailability of the agent.

Abstract: A process is described for generating conjugates of lipids and biologically active agents to produce compositions having therapeutic utility, such as drug delivery vehicles. The process involves mixing the reactive lipid with an appropriate amount of diketene to form an acetoacetylated lipid which is then isolated, dissolved in a suitable medium, and mixed with a nucleophilic-containing biologically active agent to form a biologically active agent-lipid conjugate. Alternatively, the acetoacetylated lipid can be mixed with a polyamine to form a cationic lipid.

Abstract: What is provided herein is a stable, emulsifiable gel matrix for an agriculturally active chemical, which matrix will form an emulsifiable gel concentrate upon addition of the agriculturally active chemical, and upon water dilution, a highly stable aqueous macroemulsion which avoids precipitation of the active ingredient on extended storage. In addition, the inventive emulsifiable gel concentrates may contain relatively high concentrations of the agriculturally active chemical, the concentration sometimes referred herein to as "loading", making it advantageous from both the economic and handling viewpoints.

Abstract: Material such as biological material is encapsulated within a semi-permeable hybrid membrane bead by suspending the material in a medium which comprises an effective amount of a gelling inducer; forming said suspension into a droplet of a size sufficient to envelop said material, suspending a second material in a gelling solution comprising an effective amount of a gel forming polymer which gels upon contact with said gelling inducer forming a discrete bead by contacting the outer surface portion of the droplet with a gelling solution, and allowing the gelling solution to thicken sufficiently for the second material to become entrapped therein.

Abstract: An insecticidal composition comprising a first composition having an effective amount of at least one species of entomopathogen distributed in a matrix. A second composition selected from vegetable oil, crop oil and partially hydrogenated oil containing mono- and di-glycerides surrounds the first composition and significantly prolongs nematode viability. The matrix is a nematode-containing macrogel or paste of partially hydrogenated oils containing mono- and di-glycerides. The macrogel matrix is selected from a continuous polymer macrogel or microcapsule-containing macrogel. Partially hydrogenated oils containing mono- and di-glycerides, (e.g., Crisco.RTM. shortening), can also be mixed with free nematodes to produce a paste formulation. Trapping nematodes in a Crisco.RTM. matrix formulation along with a water retentive polymer results in increased protection against desiccation and significantly prolongs viability during storage. An insect feeding stimulant, such as raffinose, may also be added to the mix.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for synthesizing a substantially pure reactive lipid including, for example, N-[4-(p-maleimidophenyl)-butyryl]phosphatidylethanolamine (MPB-PE) and related compositions. The compositions of the present invention are useful as coupling agents and may be incorporated into liposomes and subsequently coupled to proteins, cofactors and a number of other molecules. A preferred coupling method is also disclosed as are protein conjugates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a substantially intact proteinaceous particulate material that is effective as an oil spill dispersant composition. In a preferred respect, the invention is a grain product (such as oats) from which lipids are removed through organic solvent extraction. When such compositions are applied to an oil spill, they will adsorb oil, emulsify it, and finally disperse the oil with high efficiency. Moreover, the compositions are substantially non-toxic.

Abstract: In this invention, the purpose is to provide a shelf-stable spray-dried powder embodying a desired organic oil, such as a flavorant, for example. First, hydroxylated lecithin is subject to a high-energy power input, such as by vigorous stirring or microfluidization or sonication. To make a uniform mix, the resultant product is mixed with a poloxamer surfactant, water, and the desired organic oil, whether it be a flavoring, insect repellent, paint base or other organic oil. This is then subjected to energization input again, such as by microfluidization or sonication. Following this, bulking agents are added and the mixture is spray-dried. This invention shows the novel improvement of spray-dried material of the oil, lecithin, and surfactant to produce an extended shelf-life with little escape of organic oil ingredient.

Abstract: A red blood cell surrogate which is composed of a nanocrystalline core particle to which an oxygen carrier such as hemoglobin is bound. An oxygen carrier anchor coating is provided between the nanocrystalline core particle and the oxygen carrier in order to provide binding of the oxygen carrier to the nanocrystalline core particle without denaturing the oxygen carrier or otherwise destroying its oxygen carrying capacity. The nanocrystalline core particle with the oxygen carrier bound thereto is coated with an exterior layer of lipid.

Abstract: Microcapsules are prepared by encapsulating a core material with a capsule shell wall containing glutamldehyde crosslinked gelatin and at least one water soluble plasticizer that reduces the permeability of the Crosslinked gelatin. Optionally, the capsule shell wall also contains a feeding deterrent that dissuades accidental ingestion of the microcapsule. Upon exposing the microcapsules to water, the plasticizer is removed malting the shell wall permeable whereby the encapsulated core material is released. Materials such as insecticides, herbicides, plant growth regulating agents, and fungicides may be encapsulated and released at a controlled location, time and rate.

Abstract: Pesticide granules especially for delivering a biological pesticide in aquatic applications have a wax core and the pesticide secured to the core in a water dispersible or water soluble matrix. More specifically the pesticide composition is free flowing and water floatable with the biological pesticide being of the genus Bacillus and the coating matrix being proteinaceous.

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved process for preparing coated microbial pesticides comprising antagonistic microorganisms and natural biopolymer originated from natural sources; and pesticides prepared therefrom.

Abstract: Biocontrol particles for treating plants infested with nematodes. The biocontrol particles are granules consisting of spores of bacterial nematicides which are contained in a biodegradable gel matrix formulated for controlled spore release. The bacterial spores are obtained by growing bacteria in nematode hosts which are in turn infesting plant roots. The roots are comminuted and used to prepare either dried or fresh inocula, which are then encapsulated into gel beads. Included in the method is a heat-treatment which kills the nematodes while maintaining the viability of the bacterial spores. To kill or inhibit the reproduction of nematodes, the biocontrol granules are deposited near plants or sowed with seeds, after which spores are released gradually through the biodegradation of the gel matrix of the granules.

Abstract: A bacteriocin or polypeptide (LL-2 SEQ ID NO:2) derived from Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis NRRL-B-18809 is described. Sequenced DNA and polypeptide precursor encoded thereby (SEQ ID NO: 1) are described. Methods of use and production of the polypeptide LL-2 are described.

Abstract: A bacteriocin or polypeptide (LL-2 SEQ ID NO:2) derived from Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis NRRL-B-18809 is described. Sequenced DNA and polypeptide precursor encoded thereby (SEQ ID NO: 1) are described Methods of use and production of the polypeptide LL-2 are described.

Abstract: A water-dilutable preservative (antimicrobial) concentrate comprising an isothiazolone, a first solvent capable of solubilizing the isothiazolone and having a specific gravity <0.95, a second solvent capable of solubilizing the isothiazolone and having a specific gravity >0.95, and an emulsifier is disclosed. The isothiazolone emulsive concentrates of the invention may be formulated to produce physically stable emulsions.

Abstract: A bacteriocin or polypeptide (LL-2 SEQ ID NO:2) derived from Lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis NRRL-B-18809 is described. Sequenced DNA and polypeptide precursor encoded thereby (SEQ ID NO: 1) are described. Methods of use and production of the polypeptide LL-2 are described.

Abstract: Sprayable, starch-based formulations for autoencapsulating biological control agents, such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses, incorporate a sugary material to promote adherence of the encapsulated agent to treated foliage. The autoencapsulated pathogens are characterized by high survivability and are useful in controlling insects and other pest species.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a general method for producing sized protein-liposome conjugates exhibiting enhanced blood circulation times. The present invention also relates to the sized protein-liposome conjugate compositions produced by the method of the present invention. The protein-liposome conjugates of the present invention preferably range in size from about 75 nm to about 200 nm.The liposomes of the invention may have a transmembrane potential across their membranes, and may be dehydrated. In addition, the composition may contain ionizable bioactive agents such as antineplastic agents, and may be used in diagnostic assays.

Abstract: A microencapsulated insecticidal pathogen for application to vegetation is disclosed. An insecticidal viral, bacterial or fungal pathogen is encapsulated in a polymeric encapsulating agent such as Eudragit L, Eudragit S, Eudragit L or S with Eudragit RL, Eudragit L or S with Eudragit RS, polyacrylates, polyacrylic acids, cyclic acrylate polymer or mixtures thereof. Also encapsulated in the polymeric encapsulating agent is a sunscreening agent such as benzophenone, para amino benzoic acid, benzil, or mixtures thereof. Also disclosed is a process for encapsulating an insecticidal pathogen. The microcapsules of the invention effectively retain sunscreening agent within the capsule and are easily prepared without using toxic materials requiring subsequent removal.

Abstract: Pullulan forms an association complex with PEG in a hydrous system. The assocation complex, as well as its pullulan and PEG components, exerts a decreased solubility in water. The association reduces or even eliminates the excessively high water-solubility, threading and stickiness of pullulan so that this extends the uses of pullulan and PEG such as those in gradually disintegrable- and sustained release-shaped articles for consumer's products, toiletries, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and feeds.

Abstract: A system for controlled release both in vivo and in vitro of entrapped substances, either at a constant rate over a period of time or in discrete pulses, is disclosed. Biologically active substances, such as drugs, hormones, enzymes, genetic material, antigens including viruses, vaccines, or inorganic material such as dyes and nutrients, are entrapped in liposomes which are protected from the biological environment by encapsulation within semi-permeable microcapsules or a permeable polymeric matrix. Release of the entrapped substance into the surrounding environment is governed by the permeability of both the liposome and surrounding matrix to the substance.

Abstract: A biocidal phosphate ester in combination with an inert inorganic or organic particulate or polymeric carrier. The biocidal-carrier composition is useful in extending the effective lifetime of the biocidal phosphate ester when incorporated into a variety of materials including plastics, fibrous materials, and solutions. Applications of the disclosed carrier compounds include preparation of mildew resistant paints and plastics having extended antimicrobial properties despite extensive washing and wear of the surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing immunogenic complexes in which an amphiphatic antigenic protein or peptide in dissolved or solubilized form is contacted with a solution containing a detergent, a sterol, and a glycoside comprising hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, in at least the critical micelle forming concentration, the detergent is removed, and the immunogenic complex formed is purified. Optionally, the solution with which the antigenic protein or peptide is contacted also contains a phospholipid, preferably phosphatidylethanolamine. The preferred sterol is cholesterol, and preferred glycosides are saponins, espeically Quil A.The immunogenic complex is useful as a vaccine. Its immunogenic power is higher than that of corresponding micelles formed by aggregation of the antigens, and is also higher than that of the antigens incorporated in liposomes.

Abstract: Compositions for the controlled and prolonged release of macromolecular compounds comprise a porous matrix of chitosan having dispersed therein the macromolecular compound. Examples of macromolecules used in the composition are pharmacologically active ones such as peptide hormones, e.g. growth hormone.

Abstract: The invention provides an insecticidal composition comprising Diazinon ensulated in microcapsules, the microcapsules having an encapsulating wall formed essentially from the reaction product of toluene diisocyanate and a polyfunctional amine, and further provides a process for encapsulating Diazinon in a microcapsular formulation comprising providing an aqueous phase containing a non-basic emulsifier, providing an organic phase containing toluene diisocyanate and Diazinon, combining the aqueous and organic phase to form an oil in water emulsion, and adding an aqueous solution of a polyfunctional amine with agitation to the emulsion, whereby the amine reacts with the toluene diisocyanate to form microcapsular envelopes about the Diazinon material.

Abstract: A solid, controlled release, pharmaceutical composition comprising an active ingredient incorporated in a controlled release matrix comprising a water soluble polydextrose.The controlled release matrix may also contain at least one of a digestibele C.sub.8 --C.sub.50 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon, especially a C.sub.12 --C.sub.36 fatty alcohol, and a polyalkylene glycol, especially polyethylene glycol. Optionally, the matrix may contain a cellulose ether, especially a hydroxyalkylcellulose or a carboxyalkylcellulose.

Abstract: An absorbent composition having excellent stability comprising an absorbent resin and 0.01 to 30 percent by weight, based on the dried weight of said absorbent resin, of a radical chain terminator.

Abstract: There is disclosed an improved complex coacervation process for microencapsulation of core ingredients that are partially soluble in the microcapsule walls wherein the core ingredient is first mixed with a coacervation adjacent prior to forming a first colloidal emulsion of core ingredient, and, after combining the first emulsion with a second colloidal solution and cooling to cause gelation, a water-soluble wax derivative is added. No pH adjustment or dilution is necessary, and very high yields of non-agglomerated microcapsules are obtained, both in terms of quantity of microcapsules and content of core ingredient. When deet is the core ingredient there is obtained a long-lasting mosquito repellent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microencapsulated insecticidal composition containing isopropyl (2E,4E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-11-methoxy-2,4-dodecaidenoate which comprises 45-95% by weight of isopropyl (2E,4E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-11-methoxy-2,4-dodecadenoate as active ingredient, 1-15% by weight of butyl hydroxy toluene and 5-40% by weight of activated charcoal, in the form of powdery microcapsules having a grain size of 1-300 .mu.m and coated with a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate or cellulose acetate phthalate polymer.The advantage of the microencapsulated insectidical composition according to the present invention resides in the increased stability.

Abstract: A sustained release preparation comprising:(a) a non-anionic cellulose ether(b) a methoxyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymer or the hydrolyzate thereof, and(c) pharmaceutically active agents.This sustained release preparation can provide the desired sustained-release or dissolution of the pharmaceutically active agents in human organs irrespective of the acidity (i.e., pH conditions) therein.

Abstract: Dump release microcapsules are formed of a water-reswellable gel having dispersed therein a sorbtive filler material having a median particle size of not more than 1 micron, such as fumed or precipitated silica. The filler material has an active substance absorbed therein and/or adsorbed thereon. The active material can be 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine and the gel formed from crosslinked lignin or a lignosulphonate.

Abstract: A sustained release composition for releasing a biologically active compound into an aqueous liquid environment comprises the biologically active compound dispersed in a bioerodible matrix, the matrix comprising a mixture of(a.) 5% to 99.5% by weight of a solid water-dispersible polyether diol having a molecular weight from about 1000 to about 20,000, and(b.) 95 to 0.5% by weight of an erosion rate modifier component comprising a combination of stearyl alcohol and stearic acid.Dosage forms comprising the erodible matrix are prepared by molding, particularly by injection molding.

Abstract: Compositions, devices, and methods are disclosed for controlling insect activity wherein an insect control agent is self-adhered to a rough-surfaced fiber. Preferably the fiber is a graft polymer of cellulose and an ethylenically unsaturated material copolymerizable with cellulose. The invention provides extended control of insect activity.