Abstract: A reconstituted ocean mixture comprising, sea salt, and the purified product of reverse osmosis of water. A method is provided for treating a pierced area of a person's skin comprising applying to the pierced area a reconstituted ocean water mixture of sea salt and the product of reverse osmosis of water.

Abstract: Physiologically acceptable aqueous solutions and methods for their use are provided. The subject solutions comprise: electrolytes; a dynamic buffering system and an oncotic agent; and do not comprise a conventional biological buffer. The subject solutions find use in a variety of applications, particularly in those applications where at least a portion of a host's blood volume is replaced with a blood substitute.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a biocidal composition, designed for the generation of chlorine dioxide, comprising at least one iodo-compound having at least one iodine atom and a source of chlorite ions. The molar ration of chlorite ions to iodine atoms is 2 or greater. The composition finds use in a variety of applications including methods of cleaning, sanitizing, deodorizing, and disinfecting various surfaces.

Abstract: The invention provides for a nasal spray which is an aqueous solution containing a broad spectrum microbicide which may be applied in nasal passages in the manner of a decongestant type nose spray in the event of known or suspected exposure of the individual to common cold virus, flu, or other infective microbial agents. The solution contains active agents which are based on a chlorine or hypochlorite solution, or a solution of chlorine or hypochlorite plus a salt of chloride, bromide or iodide. Alternatively, the solution may contain a bromine solution, or a solution of bromine plus a salt of chloride, bromide or iodide such as sodium chloride, zinc chloride, sodium bromide, zinc bromide, sodium iodide or zinc iodide. The chlorine, hypochlorite, bromine, chloride, bromide, and iodide may originally come from inorganic compounds or organic compounds, which are then dissolved in the water. Further, the solution may contain glycerin or another moisturizing or wetting agent for the nasal mucosa.

Abstract: Active bromine-containing solutions are produced and stabilized by reacting bromate and bromide salt solutions with an amino-complexing agent, such as sulfamic acid or sulfamate salt. The reaction is performed at a pH of less than 1 to create a complexed hypobromate. The pH of the active bromine-containing solution is raised to between 4 and 10 by adding an alkali to improve stability. Moreover, the solution is maintained below 30° C. during the alkali addition to retain bromine equivalent activity.

Abstract: Described is a process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide formulation. Mixed together are (a) bromine chloride or bromine and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 7, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the solution is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (a) and (b) is greater than 1 when bromine is used and is greater than 0.93 when bromine chloride is used. Use of bromine chloride as the source of the active bromine in the process is preferred because in the resulting aqueous compositions, all of the bromine of the bromine chloride is made available as active bromine in solution. In other words, the chlorine of the bromine chloride is converted in the process to dissolved alkali metal chloride salt, thereby liberating all of the bromine in the biocidal composition as active bromine capable of providing biocidal activity.

Abstract: A gel rehydration electrolyte composition provides a convenient and effective way of replenishing lost fluid and electrolytes. The gel rehydration electrolyte composition masks unpleasant tastes of electrolyte and is readily consumed by young children and elderly who cannot tolerate the liquid or frozen forms of electrolytes.

Abstract: A gel rehydration electrolyte composition provides a convenient and effective way of replenishing lost fluid and electrolytes. The gel rehydration electrolyte composition masks unpleasant tastes of electrolyte and is readily consumed by young children and elderly who cannot tolerate the liquid or frozen forms of electrolytes.

Abstract: A method of preparing a ruminant feed material with decreased nitrogen solubility, comprising mixing a liquid feed product containing a salt with a protein feedstuff. The protein feedstuff contains crude protein in an amount from 30% to 70% by weight. The liquid feed product containing a salt and the protein feedstuff are mixed under conditions sufficient to decrease the nitrogen solubility of the protein source. Also provided is a ruminant feed material with decreased nitrogen solubility.

Abstract: Manual warewashing in common food service locations is typically performed in a multicompartment sink within three or more basins. In one basin the ware is contacted with an aqueous solution of a detergent composition. The ware is cleaned using mechanical action to remove soil. The cleaned ware is often rinsed in a subsequent sink in a potable water rinse and is then sanitized in a sanitizing solution in a subsequent basin, typically the third sink in sequence. The sanitizing solution can be rapidly depleted during periods of large volumes of hand washed ware. In order to monitor and control the concentration of the sanitizer in the sanitizer sink, we have found that even highly oxidizing hypochlorite bleaches, if adjusted to an appropriate pH, can maintain substantial sanitizing capacity while not decolorizing otherwise oxidatively sensitive dyes.

Abstract: An antimicrobial and antiviral composition in powder form or in the form of a two part liquid concentrate for washing and sanitizing foods, food surfaces, food ware, process waters, animal quarters, and animal carcasses is described. The composition may also be used to reduce the microbial and viral population on animals; reducing human pathogenic microbes, reducing opportunistic pathogenic microbes on eggs, and treating skin diseases. The composition includes three reactive species which in solution form an oxidizing species, and optionally a food grade acid source. The reactive species include a natural source of a quaternary or protonizable nitrogen compound which is acceptable on foods, an oxidant and a halide source.

Abstract: Described is a process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide formulation. Mixed together are (a) bromine chloride or bromine and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 7, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the solution is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (a) and (b) is greater than 1 when bromine is used and is greater than 0.93 when bromine chloride is used. Use of bromine chloride as the source of the active bromine in the process is preferred because in the resulting aqueous compositions, all of the bromine of the bromine chloride is made available as active bromine in solution. In other words, the chlorine of the bromine chloride is converted in the process to dissolved alkali metal chloride salt, thereby liberating all of the bromine in the biocidal composition as active bromine capable of providing biocidal activity.

Abstract: Concentrated liquid biocide compositions are produced by: A) feeding (a) bromine atoms and chlorine atoms in the form of (i) one or more of BrCl, (ii) Br2, and (iii) Cl2 into (b) water containing sulfamate anions, or feeding each of (a) and (b) into a reaction vessel, such that the numerical ratio of the total number of bromine atoms fed to the total number of chlorine atoms fed is in the range of about 0.7:1 to about 1.7:1; and B) providing enough alkali metal base in the mixture being formed in A) to keep the pH of such mixture in the range of about 7-11 during all or substantially all of the time feeding in A) is occurring, the amounts of (a) and (b) used being amounts that form an active-bromine-containing solution in which (i) the active bromine content is 50,000 ppm or more, and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine originating from (a) and (b) is greater than about 0.

Abstract: An oxidizing species is described herein as a reaction product through an in situ preparation combining a protonizable phosphorus or sulfur compound, and a halide source at controlled proportions in an aqueous, non-aqueous, gel, aerosol, solid-phase or powdered media. The oxidizing species can be used to reduce microbial and viral populations on a surface or object or in a body or stream of water. The invention thus finds applications as a bleach, sanitizer, oxidant, or in any other application in which an oxidizing agent can be beneficially used alone or in a formulation.

Abstract: Ectoparasites, such as fleas, ticks, mites and lice, are removed from a human or animal host after applying a composition to the affected area that causes desiccation of the organism. In one embodiment, treatment is effected by applying a substantially anhydrous composition that has a strong affinity for water. As the composition hydrates, it desiccates the pests and facilitates their mechanical removal, such as by combing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isothiazolone-containing compositions comprising a) 3-isothiazolone compounds; b) a metal nitrate; c) magnesium chloride; d) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of iodic acid, periodic acid, an iodate salt, and a periodate salt; e) chlorite salts; and f) solvents. The invention further provides a method for stabilizing isothiazolone-containing compositions by inhibiting precipitation of by-products formed during production and precipitation of the compounds formed during storage. The compositions of the invention are useful for suppressing the growth of microorganisms.

Abstract: Described is a process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide formulation. Mixed together are (a) bromine chloride or bromine and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 7, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the solution is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (a) and (b) is greater than 1 when bromine is used and is greater than 0.93 when bromine chloride is used. Use of bromine chloride as the source of the active bromine in the process is preferred because in the resulting aqueous compositions, all of the bromine of the bromine chloride is made available as active bromine in solution. In other words, the chlorine of the bromine chloride is converted in the process to dissolved alkali metal chloride salt, thereby liberating all of the bromine as the active bromine content of the biocidal composition.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers. The present invention is also directed to a method of making ion-sensitive, water-dispersible polymers and their applicability as binder compositions. The present invention is further directed to fiber-containing fabrics and webs comprising ion-sensitive, water-dispersible binder compositions and their applicability in water-dispersible personal care products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to frozen biocidal compositions. Specifically, the biocidal compositions comprise a frozen aqueous solution of a plurality of ions selected from the group consisting of halide and oxyhalide ions. The frozen biocidal compositions are useful in preserving or extending the shelf-life of perishable articles.

Abstract: A process and composition for thinning fruit blossoms with a calcium chloride solution is provided. The calcium chloride is a common salt, often referred to as CaCl, but having the chemical formula CaCl2 and is preferably applied to the blooms in a solution or brine. The calcium chloride brine is a natural material that is classified as a “generally regarded as safe” (GRAS) compound. The calcium chloride solution in water apparently interrupts the pollination of blooms through the dessication of the pistils, when it is applied during the blooming period. The CaCl2 blossom or bloom thinning agent solution is effective on many varieties of fruit trees, especially apples. The calcium chloride is preferably applied in a substantially aqueous solution at a rate of between 5 and 40 pounds of calcium chloride per acre. The CaCl2 solution is not an artificial or derived substance and carries none of the environmental and health concerns raised by other hormonal or caustic chemical thinning agents.

Abstract: A topically applied composition capable of treating subcutaneous tissue comprising an alkali metal hypohalite (AMH) (preferably, sodium hypochlorite) and a conventional skin lotion. The skin lotion serves both as a carrier and as an antidrying agent for the AMH. The AMH penetrates through the skin's pores and lymph nodes into the subcutaneous tissue. The AMH stimulates the immune system to alleviate, and sometimes cure, inflammation, aches, pains, and other symptoms caused by microbial (e.g., viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic) infection, arthritis, hemorrhoids, allergies, etc . . .

Abstract: Chronic obstructive airway diseases are treated by administering an osmotically active compound such as a salt, sugar, sugar alcohol, or organic osmolyte to the afflicted airway surface. The compound may be administered as a liquid or dry powder aerosol formulation. Diseases that can be treated by the method include cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis, and ciliary dyskinesia. The formulations of the invention can also be used in conjunction with other active agents such as bronchodilators, sodium channel blockers, antibiotics, enzymes, or purinoceptor agonists on airway surfaces.

Abstract: A solid preparation for dialysis for preparing a double preparation type sodium bicarbonate solid preparation for dialysis in which there is no fear that a sugar component is decomposed or colored, and which can maintain stability and is also excellent in content homogeneity and a process for producing the same. The solid preparation for dialysis is a mixture of a first composition composed of core particles including sodium chloride and a coating layer containing one or more electrolytes, a second composition composed of core particles including a sugar that is covered with a coating layer comprising the same sugar or a different sugar, and an acid.

Abstract: A process for treating active viral lesions, such as herpes lesions and warts, on persons or animals, in which an active lesion containing a virus is scrubbed or debrided, an aqueous reagent solution containing neutral red and free chlorine is applied to the scrubbed lesion, and the lesion to which the reagent has been applied is exposed to ultraviolet light for a period sufficient to cause viral destruction. The invention further relates to the aqueous reagent solution containing neutral red and free chlorine.

Abstract: The process involves (a) continuously forming bromine chloride from separate feed streams of bromine and chlorine by maintaining said streams under automatic feed rate control whereby the streams are continuously proportioned to come together in equimolar amounts to form bromine chloride; (b) continuously forming an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine greater than 0.93:1 by continuously feeding into mixing apparatus separate feed streams of (1) bromine chloride formed in (a), and (2) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, under automatic feed rate control whereby the feed streams are continuously proportioned to come together in amounts that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (1) and (2) greater than 0.

Abstract: A gel rehydration electrolyte composition provides a convenient and effective way of replenishing lost fluid and electrolytes. The gel rehydration electrolyte composition masks unpleasant tastes of electrolyte and is readily consumed by young children and elderly who cannot tolerate the liquid or frozen forms of electrolytes.

Abstract: A thixotropic, non-cytotoxic, topical hydrogel that contains a proven safe and effective, broad spectrum, antimicrobial agent based on a unique electrolytically derived sodium hypochlorite solution.

Abstract: Methods for disinfecting surfaces and for sanitizing bodies of water using a single-feed, bromine-based biocide are described. These methods use concentrated liquid biocide compositions comprising biocidally active bromine as the biocide. Also described is a process of producing the concentrated liquid biocide composition: mixed together are (a) bromine chloride and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 7, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the composition is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine in the composition is greater than 0.93. Use of bromine chloride as the source of the active bromine in the process is advantageous because in the resulting aqueous compositions, all of the bromine of the bromine chloride is made available as active bromine in solution.

Abstract: A biological material is prepared for use in ophthalmology by steps of providing animal pericardium, subjecting the animal pericardium to multiple steps of freezing and thawing in a salt solution and incubating the animal pericardium in a solution of ammonia and ethyl alcohol. The multiple steps of freezing and thawing are conducted in a mixture of about 0.9% sodium chloride solution and distilled water in about 1:1 proportions of sodium chloride solution to distilled water. The incubating step is conducted in a mixture of 1% ammonia solution and 1% ethyl alcohol solution in about 1:1 proportions of ammonia solution to ethyl alcohol solution over a period of 48 to 72 hours.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition of matter which has been demonstrated to be a very effective treatment for acne, seborrheic dermatitis and related skin diseases when applied to and contacted with affected skin areas, while avoiding the disadvantages and complications attendant to more established treatments. The composition comprises a synthetic mixture of salts which, when dissolved in a solvent such as water, is ionically composed primarily of a mixture of sodium and magnesium cations and chloride and sulfate anions, and which is preferably free of added zinc. More specifically, the salt mixture according to the present invention comprises the following range of composition in grams/kilogram of salt mixture in the ionic state, the balance being water of hydration: I.

Abstract: Kits and methods for their use are provided for at least inhibiting the progression of, if not preventing, restenosis in a host. In the subject methods, a vascular site is contacted, usually flushed, with a solution having a pH that is less than about 4, e.g. a hydrochloric acid. The subject kits methods find use in applications where the prevention of restenosis is desirable, including angioplasty applications, and may be used in combination with other treatment modalities, e.g. stents, and the like.

Abstract: A composition and method for retarding or preventing hair growth, wherein the composition includes a) citric acid, b) an electrolyte, and c) a cosmetically acceptable aqueous vehicle which includes a film forming agent.

Abstract: The process involves (a) continuously forming bromine chloride from separate feed streams of bromine and chlorine by maintaining said streams under automatic feed rate control whereby the streams are continuously proportioned to come together in equimolar amounts to form bromine chloride; (b) continuously forming an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine greater than 0.93:1 by continuously feeding into mixing apparatus separate feed streams of (1) bromine chloride formed in (a), and (2) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid, under automatic feed rate control whereby the feed streams are continuously proportioned to come together in amounts that produce an aqueous product having an active bromine content of at least 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), a pH of at least 7, and an atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (1) and (2) greater than 0.

Abstract: A first embodiment of the present invention is directed to an aqueous disinfectant solution comprising an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite, an amount of base sufficient to raise the pH of the solution to at least 12, and water. A second embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method for sterilizing medical and dental instruments and hard surfaces which comprises contacting the medical or dental instruments or hard surfaces with an aqueous disinfecting solution comprising an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite, an amount of a base sufficient to raise the pH of the solution to at least 12, and water, for a time sufficient to disinfect the medical or dental instruments or hard surface.

Abstract: Metal amino acid chelates for animals are beneficial for facilitating and promoting growth by increasing desired metallic ion uptake. The present invention is directed to a process for providing an animal fed additive by preparing metal amino acid chelates, and the metal amino acid chelate growth facilitator, promoter and enhancer prepared by the process.

Abstract: A therapeutic nasal inhalant for using bioflavanoids as a topical antioxidant. The therapeutic nasal inhalant includes a method for making a therapeutic nasal inhalant composition for treating nasal mucosa. The method comprises the steps of mixing together two cups of water, one teaspoon of baking soda, one teaspoon of sodium chloride, and four milligrams of vitamin C to form a mixture. Mixing a bioflavanoid with the mixture. Allowing the mixture to stand. Filtering the mixture. Allowing the mixture to stand for a second time. Filtering the mixture.

Abstract: A peritoneal dialysis solution comprising at least one cation, a chloride ion contained at a concentration differing from a concentration of total cation so that the concentration of chloride ion will be lower than the concentration of total cation, and organic acids contained so as to maintain electrical neutrality depending on a difference in concentration between the total cation and chloride ion, the concentration of organic acids satisfies a predetermined equation. Also, disclosed is a method for adjusting a peritoneal dialysis solution, comprising providing a difference in concentration between total cation and chloride ion, adding organic acids so as to maintain electrical neutrality, and adjusting dialyzing performance depending on a degree of the difference in concentration and/or kind of organic acid added.

Abstract: An artificial plasma-like substance having at least one water soluble polysaccharide oncotic agent selected from the group consisting of high molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch, low molecular weight hydroxyethyl starch, dextran 40 and dextran 70, and albumin which is buffered by lactate and has a pre-administration pH of between 5 and 6.5 is disclosed. Also disclosed is an artificial plasma-like solution having at least two water soluble polysaccharide oncotic agents one of which is eliminated from the circulation slowly and the other of which is eliminated from the circulation quickly. Supplimentation of the plasma-like solution with certain ions is described. A system for administration of the plasma-like solution to a subject wherein the system comprises a first and second solution each having particular buffers is described. The plasma-like solution including cryoprotective adducts is also disclosed.

Abstract: Processes for controlling pollution by: (a) devolatizing vapor phase chemical pollutants (VP's) found in effluents and other bodies and streams of gases and liquids, and (b) stabilizing substrates from which the VP's are released. The offending VP's are converted to less offensive or inoffensive materials by interaction with an appropriately formulated treating agent (VTA/C) containing a primary halogen and at least one additional ingredient selected from the following classes of constituents (optional if bromine is the primary halogen and otherwise required): oligodynamically active metals, cohalogens, adjuncts, and facilitators. The major constituent(s) may be supplied as such, or a source of the constituent may be provided. Actinic radiation can be employed to promote reactions between the VP and the VTA/C, which is often formulated as an aqueous scrubbing medium.

Abstract: An environmentally safe method of killing insects and arachnids is disclosed herein. Insects and arachnids can be killed by the direct application of a solution of surfactant comprising between 0.01% and 10% of an alkali metal or ammonium salt of C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 dialkyl sulfosuccinate. The alkali metal or ammonium salt of C.sub.6 to C.sub.14 dialkyl sulfosuccinate can be applied with attractants to surfaces near or at surfaces where the elimination of arachnids or insects is needed.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved methods of raising and treating food animals, which employ pH-buffered, redox-stabilized compositions comprising halide and oxyhalide ions. The compositions can be administered to food animals to effect enhanced food utilization, lower mortality, decreased nitrogen excretion, decreased dependence on antibiotics and vaccines, overall enhanced health and immunostimulation in the animals.

Abstract: Described is a process of producing a concentrated liquid biocide formulation. Mixed together are (a) bromine chloride or bromine and (b) an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt of sulfamic acid having a pH of at least about 7, in amounts such that (i) the active bromine content of the solution is at least about 100,000 ppm (wt/wt), and (ii) the atom ratio of nitrogen to active bromine from (a) and (b) is greater than 1 when bromine is used and is greater than 0.93 when bromine chloride is used. Use of bromine chloride as the source of the active bromine in the process is preferred because in the resulting aqueous compositions, all of the bromine of the bromine chloride is made available as active bromine in solution. In other words, the chlorine of the bromine chloride is converted in the process to dissolved alkali metal chloride salt, thereby liberating all of the bromine as the active bromine content of the biocidal composition.

Abstract: A composition for use in the rehydration and treatment of scours in calves. The composition includes fiber, electrolytes and three energy sources. The energy sources are sugar, medium chain triglycerides and glycine, present in a combined amount of about 14 percent by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods employing pH-buffered, redox-stabilized compositions comprising halide and oxyhalide ions. The compositions can be administered to food animals to effect enhanced food utilization, lower mortality, decreased nitrogen excretion, decreased dependence on antibiotics and vaccines, overall enhanced health and immunostimulation in the animals. Additionally, the compositions can be used to treat food animal carcasses to reduce foodborne pathogens and spoilage organisms.

Abstract: Therapeutic bath salts for the relaxation of muscles, elimination or reduction of muscle spasms, and for the overall enhancement of a person's mood. The bath salts of the present invention are used as aromatherapy that has both the convenience of a bath and the internal mechanisms of ingested medication. The formula for the composition of the present invention includes a selected amount of magnesium sulfate trihydrate (a hydrated version of epsom salts), lithium chloride, copper gluconate, and essential oils. The oils include rosewood oil, ylang ylang oil, lavender oil and patchouli oil. The oils are provided as scents for use in the prescribed aromatherapy. The user mixes a preselected amount of the crystallized salt or liquid form of the present invention with the bath water. A period of time is allowed to elapse before the user departs the bath. By resting in the tub, the user accrues the combined benefits of external therapy and internal therapy.

Abstract: A sunlight-ultraviolet-stable biocide composition for use in treating recreational and industrial water systems is disclosed which comprises an oxidizing halogen compound and a stabilizer, wherein the stabilizer is either benzenesulfonamide or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A sterile bicarbonate concentrate for use in the present invention relates to a sterile calcium-free bicarbonate concentrate for use in peritoneal dialysis, hemofiltration, cardiac bypass surgery and in electrolyte replacement therapy.

Abstract: Short term control of ammonia volatilization from animal manures is provided by surface treatment with aluminum sulfate. The aluminum sulfate may be applied to manure or manure receiving surfaces in an animal rearing facility in solid or liquid form. The control of atmospheric ammonia levels in animal rearing facilities to preferably less than about 25 ppm ammonia can be achieved by surface treatment employing amounts of alum as low as 0.5% by weight alum based on manure present.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods employing pH-buffered, redox-stabilized compositions comprising halide and oxyhalide ions. The compositions can be administered to food animals to effect enhanced food utilization, lower mortality, decreased nitrogen excretion, decreased dependence on antibiotics and vaccines, overall enhanced health and immunostimulation in the animals. Additionally, the compositions can be used to treat food animal carcasses to reduce foodborne pathogens and spoilage organisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dialysis solution that contains amino acids for treating and/or preventing malnutrition in a peritoneal dialysis patient. The amino acid composition is optimized to minimize metabolic acidosis while normalizing amino acid plasma profiles.