Abstract: In an extrusion die in which a mandrel ring is outwardly arranged around a spindle, the present invention aims to enhance the fixing stability of the mandrel ring and enables easy maintenance. The extrusion die includes a mandrel (30) for forming an inner surface of an extruded material. The mandrel includes a spindle (32) and a mandrel ring (35) outwardly arranged around the spindle (32). The mandrel ring (35) is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion smaller than that of a material of the spindle (32).

Abstract: The invention relates to an extrusion line for producing plastic profiles, preferably plastic tubes, comprising at least one extruder (1), a tool (2), a calibrator (3) and additional subsequent devices (4, 5). According to the invention, for cooling the profile (9), the tool (2) has a recess and/or a chamber (11) is arranged about the extruded pipe in order to be able to change the air counter to the direction of extrusion (7). The invention also relates to a method for extruding a plastic profile, in particular a plastic tube, in an energy-efficient manner, said method consisting of the following steps: a) the plastic is melted in an extruder (1); b) a plastic strand is formed and is fed to a tool (2); c) a plastic profile is formed by means of the tool (2) and d) the profile is calibrated and hardened by cooling in a calibrator (3). The profile (9) is externally cooled as well as internally cooled in the calibrator (3).

Abstract: Briefly described, embodiments of the present disclosure include trilobal bulked continuous filaments (BCFs) with a generally round central void, spinneret plates with a capillary design for producing the BCFs of the present disclosure, articles and carpets produced from the BCFs of the present disclosure, methods of producing the trilobal BCFs of the present disclosure, and the like.

Abstract: A plastic bag includes a front wall and a rear wall that are joined together to define a containment portion. To facilitate pouring a pourable substance from the containment portion, the plastic bag includes a pour spout. The pour spout includes an aperture that is defined in a lip. The lip can be formed into a channel such that the pourable substance is directed through the aperture. The plastic bag also includes a series of ribs that are formed in the region where the bag is folded to define a bottom end. The ribs reinforce the bottom end without compromising the flexibility of the bottom end.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for producing fibrous materials in which the apparatus includes an electrospinning element configured to electrospin a substance from which the fibers are to be composed by an electric field extraction of the substance from a tip of the electrospinning element, a collector disposed from the electrospinning element and configured to collect the fibers, a chamber enclosing the collector and the electrospinning element, and a control mechanism configured to control a gaseous environment in which the fibers are to be electrospun.

Abstract: A plate-like shape die 1 for forming a honeycomb structure provided with an introduction portion 3 having plural back holes on one side face (an introduction side) thereof and a formation portion provided with silts 6 communicating with plural back holes 7 on other side face thereof; using for forming a honeycomb shape with passing raw materials being introduced from back holes 7 of an introduction portion 3 through silts 6 being provided on the forming portion 2, wherein the introduction portion 3 is composed of two layers of a plate-like abrasion portion 5 constituting an introduction face 8, and an introduction portion main body 4 located between the abrasion portion 5 and the forming portion 2, and the abrasion portion 5 is detachably disposed on the introduction portion main body 4.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for cutting dough are described. One described dough cutting apparatus comprises a barrel having two ends, a removable die comprising a shaped opening, the removable die adapted to be coupled to a first end of the barrel, and a knife adapted to cut dough extruded from the shaped opening. In one illustrative method for making doughnuts, dough is extruded and cut using such a dough cutting apparatus and the dough is then cooked.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application provide a method for manufacturing a polyolefin and a system for implementing the method. The method comprises combining a catalyst with a diluent mixture containing a diluent and an olefin monomer in a polymerization reactor. The diluent may comprise propane, butane, or isobutane, or a combination thereof. The polymerization reactor is operated at a pressure above a critical pressure of the diluent, but below the critical temperature of the diluent.

Abstract: An extrusion die configured to have an interior chamber sealed from the atmosphere is disclosed. The extrusion die includes an extrusion die head disposed at a downstream end of the interior chamber; and a vacuum seal disposed at an upstream end of the interior chamber; wherein the vacuum seal is configured to selectively form a seal between the extrusion die and a product disposed in the interior chamber. The vacuum seal includes an annular sealing surface disposed at an inner diameter of the vacuum seal; a hollow, interior chamber; and a plurality of bellows disposed between the annular sealing surface and the extrusion die; wherein the vacuum seal is configured to selectively form a seal between the extrusion die and a product disposed in the interior chamber. A method of selectively sealing an end of an extrusion die is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming a thermoplastic vulcanizate by first providing a melt-blender having a die through which melt-blended thermoplastic vulcanizate passes to form a shaped article; wherein the die comprises a flow design having at least one flow branch having a taper angle and a flow reservoir at the end of each flow branch; and wherein the taper angle of the flow design ranges from 5 to 20 degrees; followed by melt-blending a thermoplastic and an elastomer with an organic peroxide curative in the melt-blender to form a thermoplastic vulcanizate; and finally, passing the melt-blended thermoplastic vulcanizate through the flow design to form the shaped article.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for producing a rolled snack piece using an extruder having typically a plurality of orifices through which an extrudate exits the extruder. Each of these orifices is spiral shaped. When a desired length of extrudate stream or rope protrudes from an orifice, it is cut at its base, thus producing individual snack pieces that appear to have been rolled after being sheeted.

Abstract: A die includes abase body and a modified surface layer. The base body includes tungsten carbide particles bonded by a bonding phase. The modified surface layer includes tungsten carbide particles and a filling material filled among the tungsten carbide particles to bond the tungsten carbide particles to each other. The filling material comprises copper. The modified surface layer is formed on at least a part of a surface of the base body.

Abstract: An extrusion die comprises a die body defining a die cavity (18). The cavity (18) is shaped such that the die body includes a male portion (24) and a female portion (26). A leading edge (18a) of a part of one side of the die cavity (18) is out of alignment with a leading edge (18a) of an opposing part of the die cavity (18), at rest, such that, in use, when deflection of parts of the die occurs, the leading edges (18a) substantially align.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for moulding a plastic article in which the article is obtained by the compression of a quantity of plastic material (3) in the molten state between the two parts of a mould, comprising at least one supply of plastic material (1), a rod (11), sliding in a sleeve (8) suitable for temporarily supporting said quantity of plastic material (3), a mould for the head of the article (6, 7) and a mandrel (18) cooperating with said mould (6, 7), characterized in that it comprises non-elastic retaining means (12-14, 23, 24) which are suitable for limiting the bidirectional displacement of the rod (11) in the sleeve (8). The invention also relates to a method using the aforementioned device.

Abstract: A nozzle head for dispensing sealant within a gap is provided. The nozzle head includes, but is not limited to, a body section and a port connected with the body section. The body section forms a primary channel through which sealant is dispensed. The primary channel forms an entrance through which sealant enters the body section and an exit through which sealant is dispensed from the nozzle. The port is connected with the body section and surrounds the exit. The port forms a chamber having a tip portion opposed to a rear opening. The chamber forms an angled path from the tip portion to the rear opening to trap and guide excess sealant within the chamber to the rear opening.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fiber, a method of forming a fiber, a system for forming a fiber, and a method of engineering tissue from a fiber. The fiber includes an engineered geometric feature forming a non-Euclidian geometry.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for forming a circumferential skin surrounding a central cellular structure of an extruded honeycomb article. The method and apparatus may be used to produce defect-free skins and/or skins having large thickness and a high degree of particle alignment thereby preferably exhibiting CTE comparable to the extruded webs. These benefits are achieved by providing a die and method wherein a flow, Q, exiting any two active ones of a plurality of peripheral slots forming the skin is substantially equal. Also disclosed is a thick-skinned ceramic article having a thick extruded skin (ts?>5 tw?) with an I-value comparable to the webs.

Abstract: A nozzle for extruding cementitious material may include an outlet sized and configured to extrude the cementitious material, a material flow pathway configured to channel the cementitious material to the outlet, and a vibration-actuated valve interposed in the material flow pathway. The valve may include a plurality of spaced-apart plates configured to form a plurality of flow channels, and a vibration-generating device coupled to the plates and configured to controllable cause the plates to controllably vibrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a tubular tissue scaffold having aligned biopolymer fibrils including a biopolymer gel dispersion feed pump that is operably connected to a tube-forming device having an exit port, where the tube-forming device is capable of producing a tube from the gel dispersion while providing an angular shear force across the wall of the tube, and a liquid bath located to receive the tubular tissue scaffold from the tube-forming device.

Abstract: A support arrangement retains several calibration dies of a calibrating device disposed one after the other in the extrusion direction on a calibrating table of an extrusion plant. The support arrangement includes a support plate and a mounting plate separate from it. A joint arrangement is disposed between the support plate and the mounting plate and enables the support plate to be spatially displaced relative to the mounting plate.

Abstract: An extrusion die for extruding thermoplastic materials to produce a sheet of substantially uniform thickness, the extrusion die having a manifold width that increases from the centerline toward the die exit or lip. The increasing width manifold arms, with the preland portion, provide a constant shear rate at all areas of the die and a constant residence time, so that every fluid particle path through the die has the same residence time. By having the increasing width manifold arms, the preland area of the extrusion die is decreased, usually by about 30%, often about 40-60%, compared to a Winter die, thus decreasing clam-shelling effect and allowing design and extrusion of wider sheets.

Abstract: A die for extrusion-molding in accordance with the present invention comprises: a molding groove part, a material supplying part, and an outer frame for fixing a die main body comprising the molding groove part and the material supplying part to the front end of an extrusion-molding apparatus, wherein the die main body has a form in which the plate-shaped molding groove part smaller than the material supplying part is provided at almost the middle of the plate-shaped material supplying part such that it protrudes from the material supplying part, the outer frame comprises: a die holding part which is provided such that it covers the material supplying part around the molding groove part; and a peripheral part which is provided near the die holding part, and supposing that the thickness of the molding groove part is X, the thickness of the material supplying part is Y, and the thickness of the die holding part of the outer frame is Z, these X, Y and Z are allowed to satisfy the inequalities (1) about 3?X?ab

Abstract: The invention relates to the extrusion of tire components with a large change of gauge across their cross-sectional area. It is provided a method and an assembly for extruding such a tire component with an extruder feeding a flow channel with a downstream die opening, whereby a deflector is provided in the flow channel upstream the die opening such that a flow of rubber is slowed down in front of broad portions of the cross-sectional area of the downstream die, avoiding distortion or bending of the extruded tire component.

Abstract: An extrusion apparatus is taught that employs a die adapter that is partially submerged in a heat transfer bath on a horizontal plane such that there is no air gap between the die extrusion aperture and the heat transfer bath. A porous dam is positioned between the die and the heat transfer bath. A heat insulating plate is positioned between the porous dam and the die to prevent the heat transfer medium from flowing onto the die. The heat insulating plate also prevents excessive cooling of the die tip thereby allowing the necessary precise thermal control over the extrudate skin formation to prevent melt fracture and form a low density extrudate with a smooth solid skin and inner foamed core.

Abstract: An automated extrusion construction system may include an extrusion nozzle configured to extrude construction material in a substantially horizontal direction against an elongated and substantially vertical surface. An extrusion nozzle may have a height adjustment mechanism configured to adjust the height of an outlet in response to level deviations in the surface on which the construction material is extruded by the extrusion nozzle. An automated extrusion construction system may include a slicing mechanism configured to controllably slice through the extruded layer.

Abstract: A food extruder including a barrel provided at one end with an outlet from which the food substance can be extruded, a rotatable screw positioned within the barrel that is capable of being rotated and moved longitudinally within the barrel, a handle member at a top end of the rotatable screw for manual engagement, and a rod member protruding from an upper portion of the handle member for insertion into a drill chuck. The rod member, in a preferred embodiment, has a hexagonal cross section, which facilitates insertion and securement within a drill chuck, so that the drill may be used to turn the rotatable screw, rather than having to turn it manually. Additionally, a hand grip member may be attached to the barrel member at a generally right angle thereto, so that a user may grip the hand grip while using the drill to turn the rotatable screw, in order to prevent the entire extruder from rotating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an adapter (1) comprising a body (2) with support wings (3), a pressure chamber (4), cleaning wings (5), sealing membrane (9) and a joint former (8). During use the adapter (1) is pulled in direction towards the user and away from the joint former (8), so that the joint former (8) is the last one in contact with the joint. Then the cleaning wings (5) clean the surfaces (21) that have been in contact with the grouting and push excess substance into the pressure chamber (4). The adapter (1) according to the present invention is to get the consumption of the grout down, reduce the amount of work and time, and to create an aestethique joint.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing continuous shopped, coarse, staple inorganic fibres from such natural minerals and rocks as sand, quartz, reduced quartz sand stone and quartzite. The inventive method consists in melting silicon-based stone, which is used in the form of a raw material, at a temperature of 1750-1850° C., the melt being homogenated and stabilised at said temperature, in forming a decompression zone on the path of the melt flow to the discharge orifice die, in which the melt flow is shaped in the form of a strip with a thickness of 3-20 mm, and in passing said strip through the decompression zone at a speed V=(7 . . . 9)10?4 m/s. The air pressure in the decompression zone above the melt flow is maintained within a range of 0.10-0.30 Pa. The inventive device comprises a furnace for producing melt, a feeder, at the output of which a transfer chamber is mounted, a discharge orifice, a stream feeder assembly and a fibre producing mechanism.

Abstract: In a first aspect the invention is a solid core fibrillation-resistant, synthetic polymeric filament having three substantially equal length convex sides. The sides through substantially rounded tips centered by a distance “a” from the axis of the filament. Each rounded tip has a radius substantially equal to a length “b”. Each tip lies on a circumscribed circle having a radius substantially equal to a length (a+b) and the midpoint of each side lies on an inscribed circle having a radius substantially equal to a length “c”. The filament has a denier-per-filament in the range 10<“dpf”<35; the distance “a” lies in the range 0.00025 inches (6 micrometers)<“a”<0.004 inches (102 micrometers); the distance “b” lies in the range from 0.00008 inches (2 micrometers)<“b”<0.001 inches (24 micrometers); the distance “c” lies in the range from 0.0003 inches (8 micrometers)<“c”<0.0025 inches (64 micrometers); and the modification ratio (“MR”) lies in the range from about 1.1<“MR”<about 2.0.

Abstract: One or more methods for the manufacture of a die plate of an extruder of a pelletizer for thermoplastic material, with die orifice openings are provided. One or more of the methods can include providing a die plate blank having a die plate base material; producing a functional layer with a reinforcing material in at least one region on at least one side of the die plate blank, and applying the reinforcing material to the die plate base material in the region of the functional layer by laser dispersion.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for forming films from liquid samples for evaluation are disclosed. The liquid samples are dispensed into a channel formed by a die and a substrate on which the films are generated whilst moving the die and the substrate relatively to one another. Once formed, the liquid films may then be further processed, for example by curing or polymerization, to generate solid films for subsequent evaluation.

Abstract: A method of preparing a plastic-based composite profile comprised of a plastic mass containing a plurality of wood particles embedded in the plastic mass by bringing a plurality of dried wood particles and a thermoplastic polymer together with optional additives together to form a plastic-wood particle mixture, blending the plastic-wood particle mixture in blending means at a temperature sufficiently high to at least partially melt the thermoplastic polymer so as to be capable of uniformly blending with the wood particles to form a blended plastic-wood particle mass constituting an initial agglomerate; transforming the initial agglomerate into a profile preform by subjecting the agglomerate to the action of a double screw multi-zone extrusion means thereby shaping the profile preform into a profile by pushtrusion so that the agglomerate flows under pressure as a plastic plug flow in the extrusion means and through orientation and shaping stages to thereby obtain the composite profile.

Abstract: A die for forming a honeycomb structure includes a die base having a first plate-like member and a second plate-like member, the first plate-like member is provided with groove portions on the side of a bonding surface between the first plate-like member and the second plate-like member, and a depth y (mm) of the groove portions satisfies: y?a·(t1×E1+t2×E2)/(t1×t2×E1×E2) where t1 is a thickness (mm) obtained by subtracting the depth (mm) of the groove portions from a thickness (mm) of the first plate-like member, E1 is an apparent volume elasticity (GPa) of the first plate-like member at 25° C. in consideration of a state in which back holes are formed, t2 is a thickness (mm) of the second plate-like member, E2 is a volume elasticity (GPa) of the second plate-like member at 25° C., and a is a coefficient determined based on conditions during manufacturing.

Abstract: An extrusion head for at least one extruder including a first head part having a first joint and a second head having a second joint wherein the first head part and the second head part are pivotable with respect to each other using the respective first joint and second joint. When the extrusion head is in an operative position, the first head part rests against a first sealing face and the second head part rests against a second sealing face. A drive element is connected to the first head part and the second head part using a connecting element. The first head part and the second head part are movable using the drive element from a fixed operative position into an open rest position.

Abstract: A resin sealing device includes a lower die, an upper die which is arranged over the lower die, on a lower surface side of which a concave portion is provided, and to a bottom surface peripheral portion of the concave portion of which a projection portion projecting toward an opening portion side of the concave portion to raise partially a bottom surface is provided, and a protection film provided on a lower surface side of the upper die and adhered along a concave surface of the concave portion by adsorbing, wherein the stacked wiring substrate is sealed with a resin by making a fused resin flow into a cavity including a space between the stacked wiring substrate from a resin supplying portion, in a state that the stacked wiring substrate in which a plurality of wiring substrates are stacked via connection bumps is arranged and sandwiched between the lower die and the concave portion of the upper die.

Abstract: The invention is a die comprising a die body. The die body defines an internal cavity and an applicator slot. The cavity is in fluid communication with the applicator slot. A plurality of gas relief passages are in fluid communication with the internal cavity.

Abstract: An aerosol container (1), comprising:—a reservoir (2) containing a propellant and a foodproduct;—operable discharge means (3) to discharge the foodproduct;—a dispensing head (10) defining a foodproduct receiving space (11) to receive the foodproduct from the discharge means (3), a distal part (15) of the head (10) having foodproduct shaping 12 projections (12), wherein the foodproduct receiving space comprises an upstream foodproduct receiving space (11A, 11B) that widens, viewed in a foodproduct discharge direction, wherein a maximum diameter (D1) of the foodproduct receiving space of the dispensing head is larger than about 2 cm.

Abstract: The apparatus is for forming a resin film from a resin for a middle portion to form a resin film main body of the resin film and a resin for edge portions to form both side edge portions in a crosswise direction of the resin film. The apparatus comprises: a feed block which includes a joining part where the resin for the middle portion in a molten state and the resin for the edge portions in a molten state are joined in such a manner as to enclose both side edges in the crosswise direction of the resin film main body with the resin for the edge portions; and an extruding die through which the joined resins are extruded to form the resin film. Thus, a method and apparatus for forming the resin film can avoid the inclusion of the resin for the middle portion in the trimmed-off selvages while preventing the film separation of the resins for the middle portion and for the edge portions, and therefore, increase the recyclability and the productivity of the resin film.

Abstract: An extrusion die for extruding cooked dough includes at least one slot having an inlet, an outlet and a land. The land has a length and a depth, with the depth extending between the inlet and the outlet and the length extending between a first side and a second side of the land. The depth of the land varies along at least a portion of the length. A process for forming cereal flakes using the extrusion die includes the steps of extruding and cutting.

Abstract: A machine for treating or processing a conveyable material, particularly a free-flowing or pasty material or a bulk material comprises at least one passage section having at least one passage through which the conveyable material, which is to be treated or processed, can be conveyed along a direction of conveyance. The at least one passage section forms at least one partial area of a channel of the machine and is mounted so that it can move in relation to this channel. This at least one passage section is coupled to at least one source, which is provided for effecting oscillations and by means of which the passage section can be set in mechanical oscillatory motion with regard to the channel of the machine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a melt processible semicrystalline fluoropolymer comprising: (a) about 2 to about 20 weight percent of repeating units arising from hexafluoropropylene; (b) about 0.001 to about 1 weight percent of repeating units arising from a hydrocarbon monomer having a carboxyl group and a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond; and (c) the remaining weight percent of repeating units arising from tetrafluoroethylene. This melt processible semicrystalline fluoropolymer is impermeable to fuels and is useful as a lining for petroleum fuel tubing, as well as chemical resistance coating for, or adhesive between, perfluoropolymer and other polymers, metals and inorganics.

Abstract: Pre-stretched films may be used to increase the rate at which loads can be wrapped and to minimize the exertion required when using conventional stretch films. However, pre-stretched films must generally be stretched in a separate step and stored for several days in order for cling to fully develop. The present disclosure describes compositions, devices, systems, and methods for producing film that eliminate the stretching and storage steps. In particular, the present disclosure relates to the use of selected resins and an angled die to increase the level of orientation in the film as it is formed, thus eliminating the need to stretch the film in a separate step. The present disclosure also relates to the use of a cling agent which eliminates the storage time traditionally required to develop the film's cling properties.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To provide a polyester monofilament which shows a high dimensional stability and excellent effects of preventing peel-off in filaments, preventing pirn barre and preventing halation and has a high fineness, a high strength and a high modulus. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] A core-shell type composite polyester monofilament comprising polyethylene terephthalate at a ratio of 80% by mol or higher, which satisfies the following requirements A to F: A) the intrinsic viscosity of the core component being 0.70 or above and the intrinsic viscosity of the shell component being from 0.55 to 0.60; B) the core component amounting to 50 to 70%; C) at least the shell component containing from 0.2 to 0.4% by weight of metal microparticles; D) the fineness of the monofilament being from 5 to 15 dtex, its modulus at elongation of 5% being from 3 to 4.5 cN/dtex and its elongation at break being from 20 to 40%; E) the free shrinkage of the innermost part under specific conditions being 0.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure body molding die is disclosed including a die main body, having a feed bore section and a slit recess section, and a guide ring having an upright support section and a guide section carried on the upright section, which includes a stepped section and has a central slit recess forming section, provided on the stepped section, and an outer circumferential slit recess forming surface. The die main body has a non-opposing region, formed on an area outside the stepped section, in which the outer circumferential slit recess forming surface does not axially face the guide section, while having a feed bore closing region closing the feed bores. The die main body has outer circumferential-skin forming material feed passages formed in an area outside the feed bore closing region for feeding the molding material to a squeezing outlet for forming an outer circumferential skin.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a spinneret plate (1) for manufacturing a nonwoven fabric, having multiple non-round holes, which are similar to trilobal or multiarmed holes (3) in particular, for polymer flow outlet to produce filaments, in which identical holes are positioned in rows offset relative to one another. At least a first row (2) has a positional arrangement of the holes that differs from the positional arrangement of a second row (7) of rows through rotation of the holes.

Abstract: A slit die has a combined, opposing pair of lips. Between the lips, the die has a lip gap and a coating liquid discharge opening formed at the lower end of the lip gap. At least one of the lips is constituted of two blocks that are vertically layered over each other and relatively movable in the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the discharge opening. The slit die further has a block-engaging element for engaging the blocks together in such a way that relative positions of the blocks are adjustable, a block-fastening element for fastening the blocks together after their relative positions are adjusted, a positioning element attached to outer surfaces of the blocks, on the side opposite the discharge opening side, and defining the positions to which the blocks are relatively moved, and a fixing element for fixing the positioning element to the blocks.

Abstract: An extruder that is adapted to provide a flow of an extrudate is provided. There is a frame having a plurality of storage positions, a discharge position and a plurality of extruder heads. Each extruder head is secured to the frame and is movable between one of the storage positions and the discharge position. A sealing member is provided that is secured to the extruder. The sealing member is adapted to move between an engaged position and a disengaged position, wherein the sealing member moves from the disengaged position to the engaged position so as to engage one of the extruder heads when it is in the discharge position.

Abstract: In a twin-screw extruder including a barrel, which has two screws disposed in parallel in its inside and an opening at one edge, and an extrusion molding die disposed to the opening side of the barrel through a straightening vane and a filter net, the straightening vane includes a first straightening vane and a second straightening vane, the first one has a hole forming region having plural through holes formed in a region whose size and shape are in agreement with the size and the shape of the inner periphery of the opening portion, and the second one has a hole structure whose size and shape of its inner periphery at one opening edge are in agreement with the size and the shape of the hole forming region, and its sectional area is reduced once in a process to the other opening edge and then expanded in a taper shape.

Abstract: A communications cable is provided comprising a conductor and polymer insulation encasing said conductor, the polymer insulation having a foamed interior and having an exterior surface formed from longitudinally running rounded peaks and valleys. A process is also provided for producing this polymer insulation or unfoamed polymer insulation having the same or similar peak/valley exterior surface by extruding molten thermoplastic polymer through an orifice to coat a conductor passing through the orifice, thereby forming polymer insulation on the conductor, said orifice defining the exterior surface of said polymer insulation comprising longitudinally running rounded peaks and valleys, said peaks covering at least about 30% of said exterior surface and having a height that is at least 50% of the width of said peaks.

Abstract: It is to provide an optical element, an optical element molding die, and an optical element manufacturing method, which can easily but surely suppress generation of transcription failure of a resin material and also enables to manufacture an optical element with an excellent optical performance at a low cost while improving the yield. In an optical element formed with a resin material, a gate part is formed on a side face of an optical element main body, and a ratio of the thickness of the gate part with respect to the thickness of an optical function part of the optical element main body is set as 50% or more.